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Viscous Force and Speed in Fluid Mechanics

The document describes a problem where a block of mass M slides on a thin film of oil when released by a mass m. It asks to: 1) Derive an expression for the viscous force on the block. 2) Derive a differential equation for the block's speed over time. 3) Obtain an expression for the block's speed as a function of time. 4) Given the block reaches 1m/s after 1s, calculate the oil's viscosity μ by plotting the speed-time curve.

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Juan Francisco Garcia Arroyo
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498 views2 pages

Viscous Force and Speed in Fluid Mechanics

The document describes a problem where a block of mass M slides on a thin film of oil when released by a mass m. It asks to: 1) Derive an expression for the viscous force on the block. 2) Derive a differential equation for the block's speed over time. 3) Obtain an expression for the block's speed as a function of time. 4) Given the block reaches 1m/s after 1s, calculate the oil's viscosity μ by plotting the speed-time curve.

Uploaded by

Juan Francisco Garcia Arroyo
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ME3834FluidMechanics

Problem2.36

Problemstatement:

A block of mass M slides on a thin film of oil. The film thickness is h and the area of the
block is A. When released, mass m exerts tension on the cord, causing the block to
accelerate. Neglect friction in the pulley and air resistance. Develop an algebraic
expression for the viscous force that acts on the block when it moves at speed V. Derive
a differential equation for the block speed as a function of time. Obtain an expression for
the block speed as a function of time. The mass M=5Kg, m= 1Kg, A=25cm2, and
h=0.5mm. If it takes 1s for the speed to reach 1m/s, find the oil viscosity . Plot the
curve for V(t).

Given:

Block of mass: M=5Kg


Thickness of oil film: h=0.5mm=0.0005m.
Contact area of block: A=25cm2=25 10-4 m2
At time t=0, the tethered mass: m=1Kg
is released from the rest.

Find:

a) Expression of the viscous force that acts on the block.


b) Differential equation governing block speed as a function of time.
c) Expression for block speed V=V(t).
d) If V=1m/s at t=1s, find ; plot V(t).

Solution:

a) Assumptions: Newtonian fluid and linear velocity profile in oil film.

Basic equations: Newtons law of viscosity:

Newtons second law:

Expression of the viscous force:

b) Governing equations:

For the falling mass m: , with tension on the cord.

For the block:

Hence, , and finally,

1
ME3834FluidMechanics
Problem2.36

c) Expression for block speed. By separating the variables of the previous equation, we
obtain


ln 1
1


Taking antilogarithms, we have: 1

The velocity increases exponentially to

d) If it takes 1s for the speed to reach 1m/s, the oil viscosity is



ln 1

5 10 1 / 25 10
5 1 ln 1
25 10 1 1 9.81 / 5 10
The solution is obtained through iteration choosing a guessed value, obtaining a
new one and repeating until the difference between successive values is bellow a
set tolerance:
1.29 . /

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