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Types of Electrical Earthing Systems

There are three main types of earthing systems: TN, TT, and IT. The TN system has one or more points of the energy source directly earthed and connects exposed parts through protective conductors. It includes the TN-C, TN-S, and TN-C-S systems. The TT system directly earths one point of the energy source and connects exposed parts to independent earth electrodes. The IT system has no direct connection of live parts to earth and connects exposed parts through earthing electrodes, introducing impedance or isolating the source from earth.

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3K views4 pages

Types of Electrical Earthing Systems

There are three main types of earthing systems: TN, TT, and IT. The TN system has one or more points of the energy source directly earthed and connects exposed parts through protective conductors. It includes the TN-C, TN-S, and TN-C-S systems. The TT system directly earths one point of the energy source and connects exposed parts to independent earth electrodes. The IT system has no direct connection of live parts to earth and connects exposed parts through earthing electrodes, introducing impedance or isolating the source from earth.

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  • Earthing System Overview
  • Protective Conductors and Systems
  • TT Earthing System

Earthing System

Types Of Earthing System


Generally, there are 3 types of Earthing Systems namely TN System, TT System and IT System.

TN System: A system having one or more points of the source of energy directly earthed, the exposed
conductive parts of the installation being connected to that point by protective conductors. TN systems
however are sub-divided into 3 main categories which are;

TN-C System: A system in which neutral and protective functions are combined is a single conductor
throughout the system.

All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to PEN conductor.

TN-S System: A system that having separate neutral and protective conductors throughout the system.
The protective conductor (PE) is the metallic covering of the cable supplying the installations or a
separate conductor.

All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to this protective conductor via the main
earth terminal of the installation.

TN-C-S System: A system in which neutral and protective functions are combined in a single conductor
in part of the system.
In TN-C-S system, the supply is TN-C and the arrangement in the installations is TN-S. this is also known
as Protective Multiple Earthing and the PEN conductor is referred to as the combined neutral and earth
(CNE) conductor.

The supply system PEN conductor is earthed at several points and an earth electrode may be necessary
at or near the consumers installation.

All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to the PEN conductor via the main earthing
terminal and the neutral terminals being linked together.

TT System: A system having one point of the source of energy directly earthed, the exposed conductive
parts of the installation being connected to earth electrodes electrically independent of the earth
electrodes of the source.

All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to an earth electrode which is electrically
independent of the source earth.

IT System: A system having no direct connection between live parts and Earth, the exposed conductive
parts of the electrical installation being earthed.
All exposed conductive parts of an installation are connected to an earth electrode.
The source is either connected to Earth through deliberately introduced earthing impedance or is isolated
from Earth.

The IT system is commonly used in hospitals operation theatre.

Earthing System (http://miorzaini.blogspot.my/search/label/Earthing%20System) Types Of Earthing System Generally, there a
(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-S5E010QTBgU/U5lUbx2toDI/AAAAAAAAAOc/vcohBhVZIyk/s1600/TN-S.JPG) The protective conductor (PE)
In TN-C-S system, the supply is TN-C and the arrangement in the installations is TN-S. this is also known as Protective Mult
(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-LG1SM4jN5u4/U5lUbOjWOkI/AAAAAAAAAOU/Qx1Fa2-ZNl4/s1600/IT.JPG) All exposed conductive parts of

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