CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION

2.1 Presentation of the Project Proponent

2.1.1 Project Background
As a result of rapid urbanization, economic prospects and a positive growth outlook predicted by
Myanmar Government, Myanmars transportation sector is on the rise. This is evident in the planning
and implementation of a large number of bridge projects within and around the main cities. Myanmar
needs the development of urban structures to support the current growth and to achieve its long term
development goals, specifically; Yangon is set to undergo a major transformation aligned with the
strategic urban development theme Yangon 2040, A City of Green and Gold".
In aiming to meet the development demands described above, the proposed project Myanmar-Korea
Friendship Bridge (Dala) Construction of building a bridge over the Yangon River (also known as
the Hlaing River) will connect the Yangon and the Dala areas. When completed, the Friendship
Bridge will be a substitute for ferries, the only available transportation system at the moment. The
construction is expected to contribute to a balanced growth between the undeveloped Dala region and
developing Yangon city.
At present, logistics of the project area is carried out solely by waterborne transportation. But the
completion of the project will link the inner circular road system to Highway No.1, playing a big role in
developing the local Yangon economy, including Yangon and Dala areas. The structure will also
facilitate exchanges of people and physical distribution, thereby bettering undeveloped conditions of
Dala.
At the request of Ministry of Construction (MOC), the Republic of Korea was commissioned for the
construction of the Friendship Bridge, funded by Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF)
loan. The Korean government conducted the feasibility study for the project in 2013. The bridge will
contribute to the development of Myanmars regional communities but also broaden recognition of
Korea and its technological excellence among people there.

2.1.2 Project Purpose

The project is to connect Dala, isolated by the Yangon River, to the southern Yangon, by building a
bridge. Expected effects of the project is, first, a better accessibility of local people; second, reduced
transportation time and costs in commuting between the two regions; and third, poverty reduction and
a better life quality in Dala, by facilitating personal, physical and economic exchanges between Dala
and the southern Yangon. The project is to provide a better transportation convenience to local
residents and induce regional exchanges by securing a bridge. To this end, the feasibility study on
EDCF project will be carried out, with the basic design concept drawn up.
The project of Friendship Bridge will stretch over the Yangon River and link the inner circular road
system to Highway No.1, becoming a critical section in the overall road system of Yangon city. The
bridge is also expected to play contributory roles in promoting exchanges between Myanmar and
neighboring countries and in improving Koreas recognitions amongst people of the country.

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A completion of the bridge would lead to an elevated reputation of Korea among Myanmar people; a
widened participation in more development projects in the country; and partnership building with
nearby nations in the Great Mekong Sub-Region (GMS1).
The summary of the projects benefit between Republic of Korea and Republic of the Union of
Myanmar as following:
Table 2.1.1 Summarized benefits of the project
Republic of Korea (Donor) Republic of the Union of Myanmar (Beneficiary)
Find a project led by the EDCF that will Seek a balanced development by connecting
funded by the fund itself. northern downtown of Yangon and the
Broaden Koreas global reputation by aiding undeveloped Dala.
a developing country. Build an optimal transportation network that
Enhance the recognition of the Koran link Highway No.1 to the inner circular road.
construction industry on a global stage. Improve transportation conditions heavily
Pave a way for Korean companies to dependent on waterborne transportation,
cultivate the Myanmar market. including ferries.
Expand political and economic exchanges Build the bridge as a local landmark and
between the two countries. make use of it as a tourist destination.
Establish a network of human capital in
Myanmar for international projects and
explore opportunities for domestic
companies to advance into overseas markets.

2.1.3 Project Proponent

The Project Proponent of the Myanmar-Korea Friendship Bridge (Dala) Construction is a Department
of Bridge (DOB) of Ministry of Construction (MOC).
Vision of Ministry of Construction: International standard road network contributing towards
regional connectivity with ASEAN and other neighboring countries as well as balanced and
sustainable development of Myanmar. The organization structures of MOC and DOB (source: MOC)
is shown in (Figure 2.1.1).
Safe and sustainable building construction sector and construction administration.
Balanced and sustainable urban and regional system throughout the nation and Adequate housing
with improved living standards for the people of Myanmar
To achieve international standard road and bridge connectivity with ASEAN and other
neighboring countries and to improve the internal road network in Myanmar.
To lead and guide the building construction sector towards safe and green development.
To upgrade the urban system contributing towards balanced and sustainable development of the
nation.
To provide better living and provide adequate housing for the people of Myanmar.

1
GMS nations (Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, China, Laos)

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[Link] Mission of Ministry of Construction
To meet the current road network of Myanmar to the international standards as in neighboring
countries, and aimed to develop the Union road network in States and Regions for the smooth
transport.

[Link] Responsibilities of Department of Bridge (DOB)

To play a major role in implementation and development of basic structures according to the
policy lay down by the government.
To draw long and short term plans on government budget projects and to implement them
according to the guideline.
To supervise and implement government agreed major bridge projects in due course,
economically and in good quality.
To construct new bridges in accordance with the width of new roads in progress.
To update already constructed temporary bridges to permanent bridges in accordance with the
width of roads.
To draw work plan for long term maintenance which has been already constructed Long-span &
Medium-span bridges and order to Regional/State bridge maintenance units for regular inspection
and maintenance.
In accordance with the time and not to cut off the transport by taking immediate action for quick
repair and reconstruct of damage bridges due to bad-weather, natural disaster and any other
causes.
To do quality maintenance plan, research for technology development and also to lengthen the life
span of the bridges.

Figure 2.1.1 Organization structures of MOC and DOB

Contact details for the Department of Bridge, Ministry of Construction are provided below.

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Name: U Kyaw Kaung Cho
Address: Department of Bridge, Ministry of Construction
Phone: +95 67407465
Email: kkcho73@[Link]

2.2 Presentation of the Environmental and Social Experts

The purpose of environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) is to seek approval for the
proposed project and to provide baseline information upon which subsequent environmental audits
shall be based in line with the Environmental Law, Environmental Rules, Environmental Impact
Assessment Procedure and related guidelines of Myanmar and Economic Development Cooperation
Fund (EDCF) Safeguard Policy which is being committed to ensure the environmental and social
sustainability by Korea Eximbank.
The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - ESIA is prepared for Bridge Department,
Ministry of Construction (MOC) by a sub-consultant, E Guard Environmental Services Co., Ltd
technically supervised by Korea Engineering Consultant Corp-KECC and Samil PwC. KECC
manages the project and supervises Environmental part, and Samil PwC supervises Social and
Resettlement part.
KECC has been providing professional engineering consulting services for more than four
decades. Based on extensive experience, KECC carry out a variety of environmental projects
including an EIA, EMP, Design and Construction of Prevention Facilities
(air/water/noise/vibration), and Waste Treatment Facilities.
Samil PwC has a Sustainability and Climate Change (S&CC) Service Team providing a range of
development consulting services for sustainable management of projects and programs for both
public and private sector clients. Samil PwC has carried out a number of consulting services in
international development cooperation (ODA) contexts since 2012, particularly commissioned by
the Export-Import Bank of Korea and KOICA regarding: environmental and social impact
assessments, environmental and social monitoring and due diligence. Countries the company
served include: Cambodia, Lao PDR, Philippines, Indonesia and Uganda, among others.
E Guard Environmental Services Co., Ltd which is one of the environmental impact assessment
companies in Myanmar providing efficient and effective high quality of environmental and social
consulting services for the offer of comprehensive professional inputs of the development partners
to promote environmental sustainability concepts by introducing the best available technologies
and methods and assisting environmental friendly, socially acceptable, legally sound development
projects. It works for sustainable development guarding the natural and human resources
communicating with project proponents who would bring economic developments, persons
likely to be affected by the projects, local and regional administrators, officials from various
departmental and regulatory bodies, NGOs and social groups.

2.3 Presentation of the Health Experts for Projects with Health Impacts
The ESIA for thr proposed Myanmar-Korea Friendship Bridge (Dala) Construction project undertook
also Health Impact Assessment (HIA). The purposes of HIA are to enhance the health of project
affected peoples/ residents how the proposed bridge construction may affect human health, and to

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offer potential mitigation strategies when adverse health effects are found as required by the Myanmar
Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure (2015). This HIA evaluates highlights health promoting
aspects of the bridge while offering suggestions to mitigate adverse health effects (without unduly
burdening the project).
The proposed project is great importance to address general transportation concerns over the bridge.
The new bridge will be able to carry public buses adding to the active transportation choices in the
projected area. One area of public health concern is the potential for crashes involving motor vehicles
at intersections where the bridge connects with other streets and ship accidents. Health concerns of
Bridge project is also centered on construction activity that is expected to last four years. During this
phase, there is a potential for deteriorated air quality, high noise levels and pollutants including
particulate matter by Vehicles and machinery used during construction that will affect both area
residents and construction site workers. While there is public health concern about the health effects
of many of these pollutants, the greatest health concern is around exposure to particulate matter.
The potential health impacts related to accidents of vehicles and ships, residents and pedestrian
infrastructure and construction related air quality and noise are examined in greater detail. In each of
the three areas of potential health impact discussed below, the analysis is:
Define the health concern,
Describe the expected magnitude of the health effect where possible and the populations likely to
be affected,
Explore the factors that may increase or decrease the likelihood of health effects, and
Offer recommendations for mitigating negative health impacts or conducting additional analysis
where insufficient information is available.
2.4 Environmental and Social Consultant Teams(Roles and Responsibilities)
The key members of KECC, Samil PwC and E Guard environmental and social consultants that
conducted the ESIA study are presented in Table 2.4.1 and curricula vitae (CVs) of key personnel are
provided in Annex. A selection of professional and technicals staffs from KECC, Samil PwC and E
Guard based in Myanmar and Korea supports the key consultants presented below :
Table 2.4.1 Members of ESIA Teams
Particula
E Guard (Local) KECC (Environment) Samil PwC (Social)
r
KECC Bldg., #21, Sangilro 21F, 92, Hangang-
No.11, Air Port Avenue Road,
Address 6-Gil, Gangdong-Gu, Seoul, daero, Yongsan-gu,
Insein, Yangon, Myanmar
05288, Korea Seoul, Korea
+95 1 667953 +82 2 3781 3131
+82 2 2049 5114
Focal Point: Aye Thiha (+95 Focal Point: Eunyoung
Contact Focal Point: Jongho Kim
9 Lee (+82 2 709 4790/
Info (+82 2 20495034/
2042233/ayethiha@eguardser eyounglee@[Link]
zebra@[Link])
[Link]) )
1. U Aye Thiha 1. Kim JongHo 1. Eunyoung Lee
(Managing Director) (Project Manager) (Leader, Social and
Team of 2. U Soe Min 2. Shin Bok-Su Resettlement Team)
Participati (Director, Environmental (Primary Engineer, 2. Yu-Ri Jang
ng Quality Team) Water quality) (Asst. Engineer,
Experts 3. U Tin Aung Moe 3. Jung Sun-koo Social and
(Director) (Primary Engineer, Resettlement Team)
4. U Saw Win Water quality) 3. Jae Heum Park

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 Particula
E Guard (Local) KECC (Environment) Samil PwC (Social)
r
(Principal Consultant) 4. Lee Jae-Goo (Asst. Engineer,
5. Daw Myat Mon Swe (Primary Engineer, Social and
(Senior Environmental and Air quality) Resettlement Team)
Social Consultant) 5. Kim Kwang-Jin 4. Mingu Kim
6. Daw Yin Mar Swe Hlaing (Primary Engineer, (Asst. Engineer,
(Senior Consultant) Air quality) Social and
7. Dr. Phyo Naing Zay 6. Kim Seong-Min Resettlement Team)
(Consultant for HIA) (Primary Engineer,
8. Daw Thein Mwe Khin Noise & Vibration)
(Associate Consultant) 7. Lee Jae-Min
9. Dr. Nyo Nyo Lwin (Primary Engineer,
(Consultant for Fauna) Noise & Vibration)
[Link]. Thet Thet Mar Win 8. Kim An-Soo
(Consultant for Flora) (Primary Engineer,
[Link] Jaint Yadanar Waste Treatment)
(Assistant Team Leader, 9. Sim Jae-Wang
Social and Resettlement (Primary Engineer,
Team) Waste Treatment)
[Link] Soe Moe Nwe [Link] Won-Taek
(Project Assistant) (Primary Engineer,
[Link] Aye Nyein Thu Topographical &
(Project Assistant, Social eological Features)
Team) [Link] Se-Chang
[Link] May Oo (Primary Engineer,
(Project Assistant, Social Topographical &
Team) Geological Features)
[Link] Khaing May Soe [Link] Yong-Bok
Thaung (Primary Engineer,
(Project Assistant, Social Natural Environment)
Team) [Link] Seung-Uk
[Link] Aye Phone Thi Han (Primary Engineer,
(Project Assistant, Social Natural environment)
Team) [Link] Yoon-Soo
17.U Htet Thiha Phone Myint (Asst Engineer,
(Project Assistant) Water Quality)
18.U Pye Phyo Aung 15. Kim Yong-Sung
(Assistant Team Leader of (Primary Engineer,
Environmental Quality Social and Resettlement
Team) Team)
19.U Khin Zaw Min
(Surveyor, EQ Team)
20.U Si Thu Lwin
(Surveyor, EQ Team)

The ESIA team provides the study of the environmental, social and health assessment and advisory
services to the management of environmental issues and evaluate current environmental policy,
management systems and processes through comprehensive audits, and measuring environmental
contamination inside and outside of the proposed project. Following this assessment process, design
and implement efficient systems and processes provides to mitigate current and future environmental
damage. Furthermore, it takes responsible for making sure that revised environmental policies and
procedures comply with environmental laws and regulations and for raising organisational awareness

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on the importance of conservation, sustainability and other environment-related matters.
The objective of the ESIA Study is to complete a robust environmental and social assessment for the
proposed Project in compliance with the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Procedure
(Notification No. 616 / 2015; dated 29 December 2015). Specifically, the objectives of the ESIA
study are:
To review the potential interactions between the proposed Project activities and the key
environmental and social receptors and resources.
To identify the potentially sensitive environmental and social components of the baseline.
To identify and evaluate potential environmental and social Project impacts.
To recommend mitigation or enhancement measures to remove, reduce or avoid potential
adverse impacts.
To provide a Project specific Environmental Management Plan (EMP). This EMP will also
cover social impacts. (Called ESMP hereafter)
To summaries public consultation and disclosure activities related to the proposed Project.

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