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Load Torque Types and Characteristics

There are two types of load torques: active and passive. Active torques can drive the motor under equilibrium conditions and retain their sign when rotation is changed. Passive torques always oppose motion and change sign with reversal of motion, such as friction torque. Load torques include friction, windage, and torque required to do useful mechanical work. The nature of torque depends on the type of load and may be constant, a function of speed, or time-varying. Common industrial load characteristics include constant torque, torque proportional to speed, torque proportional to the square of speed, and torque inversely proportional to speed.

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Pruthviraj Goddumarri
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31 views2 pages

Load Torque Types and Characteristics

There are two types of load torques: active and passive. Active torques can drive the motor under equilibrium conditions and retain their sign when rotation is changed. Passive torques always oppose motion and change sign with reversal of motion, such as friction torque. Load torques include friction, windage, and torque required to do useful mechanical work. The nature of torque depends on the type of load and may be constant, a function of speed, or time-varying. Common industrial load characteristics include constant torque, torque proportional to speed, torque proportional to the square of speed, and torque inversely proportional to speed.

Uploaded by

Pruthviraj Goddumarri
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Types and Characteristics of Load Torque

Classification of load torques :

[Link] Load torques

[Link] Load torques

Active Load Torques:

Load torques which have the potential to drive the motor under equilibrium conditions are
called active load torques.

Load torques usually retain sign when the drive rotation is changed.

Active Load Torques

Passive Torque:

Load torques which always oppose the motion and change their sign on the reversal of
motion are called passive load torques.

Torque due to friction cutting Passive torque.

Components of load torques:

[Link] Torque (TF)

The friction torque (TF) is the equivalent value of various friction torques referred to the
motor shaft.

[Link] Torque (Tw)

When a motor runs, the wind generates a torque opposing the motion . This is known as the
winding torque.

[Link] required to do useful mechanical work ( Tm)


Nature of the torque depands of type of load.

It may be constant and indeoendent of speed, Some function of speed, may be time invariant
or time variant.

The nature of the torque may change with the change in the loads mode of operation.

Characteristics of different types of load:

In electric drives the driving equipment is an electric motor.

Selection of particular type of motor driving a m/c is the matching of speed-torque charal of
the driven unit and that of the motor.

Different types of loads exhibit different speed torque charal.

Most of the industrial loads can be classified into the following 4 general categories:

1. Constant torque type load.

2. Torque proportional to speed (generator type load)

3. Torque proportional to square of the speed (fan type load)

4. Torque inversely proportional to speed (const power type load)

[Link] Torque Characteristic :

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