;dh j.
SlrKh (Star Classification)
;drld oHd;aul lghq;= j,oS jvd;a myiq ug yd je M,odhs;djla ,nd
.ekSug ;drld tajdfha O .=K wkqj j. lrkq ,nhs'f hgf;a my;
[Link] ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq lruq'
jKdj,sh wkqj [Link] ^WIaK;ajh wkqj&
MK [Link] ^oSma;;dj wkqj&
fi [Link] ^jKdj,S ,CIK wkqj&
jKdj,S [Link] (Spectral classification)
nyq,ju m%[Link] mj;sk l%ufohhs' fuysoS i,ld n,kqfha ;drldf
jKdj,sh hs' ta weiqka tajdfha fmd .=K ork ;drld fjk fjku ldKav j,g
j. fldg olajkq ,nhs' fuf,i j. lsfoS WIaK;ajh wkqjo [Link] o
isf' m%[Link] fuu [Link] jvd;a jeo.;a jkafka fuysoS WIaK;aj
wkqj ldKav j,g fnoS ;su ksidh'
fuysoS ;drld mDIal WIaK;ajh u; uQ,sl ldKav 7 lg fnod we;s
w;r tajd bx.%Sis lemsg,a wlaIr 7lska ixfla;j;a fldg we;' tfiau iEu
ldKavhlau yska-wrd b,lal fhdod .kska h,s;a WmldKav /ilg fnod we;'
fuysoS m<uqj ldKavhg ys bx.%Sis wlaIrh;a miqj b,lalu;a ,shd oelau;a
isf' iEu ldKavhlau 0 isg 9 olajd WmldKav j,g fnod we;' ^ O ldKavfha 5
isg 9 g;a M ldKavfha 0 isg 5 olajd;a WmldKav j,g fnod we;& b,lalf ixLHd;aul
w.h je jk g ;ref mDIal WIaK;ajh wvqf'
Wod (- A ldKavfha jeu WIaK;ajh iys; WmldKavh A0 jk w;r wju WIaK;ajh
we;af;a
A9 WmldKavfha h'
G ldKavfha jeu WIaK;ajh ork ;re wh;a jkafka G0 ldKavhgh
my; oelafjkafka tu [Link] wod< j.=jhs'
jKdj,s mx;sh WIaK;ajh jKh
40,000 K isg
O5 - O9 ks,a - ks,a iq
25,000 K
25,000 K isg
B0 - B9 ks,a - ks,a iq
11,000K
11,000 K isg
A0 - A9 iq
7,500 K
7500 K isg
F0 - F9 iq - ly iq
6,000 K
6,000 K isg
G0 - G9 ly iq - ly
5,000 K
5,100 K isg
K0 - K9 ;o ly - ;e,s
3,500 K
3,600 K isg
M0 -M5 r;=
3,000 K
oekg ykdf.k we;s ;re w;r O5 ldKavhg jvd by< WIaK;ajhla ork ;drld
fkdue;' my; oelafjkafka tu tla tla ldKav i|yd ksoiqka lSmhls'
O class - Camelopardalis
Canis major
Cephi
Circini A
Plasketts Star
Ophiuchi
Orionis
Orionis C
Orionis A
Pupis
Persei
B class - Archener
Regulus
Rigel
Bellatrix
Alnilam
Algol A
Spica
A class - Sirius
Deneb
Altair
Vega ( Lyrae)
Fomalhaut
F class - Alrakis
Canopus
Polaris
Procyon
Wezen
G class - Alapha Centauri A
Capella
Ceti
iQhhd (The sun)
K class - Alpha Centauri B
Ereidani
Arcturus
Algol B
M class - Betelguese ( Orionis)
Antares ( Scorpi)
MOV Lacille 8760
iQhhd ka wh;a jkqfha G2 ldKavhg h'
hlaia [Link] (MK classification/ MKK classification
/Yerkes classification)
by; [Link] id:l fukau M,odhs jqjo th m%[Link] Nd;fhaoS
.eg mek [Link]' tk h h ;re tlu jKdj,s mx;shg wh;a jqjo tys
oSma;;djh wdoS ,laIK w;ska lemS fmfkk fjkial mej;Su hs'
ksoiqkla f,i r;= jduk ;re yd r;= fhdaO ;re tlu jKdj,s ldKavhg
wh;a jQ uq;a r;= fhdaO ;re j, oSma;;dj r;= jduk ;re j,g idfmalaIj
b;d wlh' f wkqj ;rejl mDIal WIaK;ajh muKla i,lka [Link]
wid:l jk nj mila jQ w;r tu .egj u. yerjd .ekSug fjk;a ;dh
.=Khla u; mokj kj [Link] bosm;a h' hlaia [Link]
W.W. [Link]" P.C. lSkka yd E. fl,audka iska bosm;a lrk ,o fuh
;dh oSma;;dj (Luminosity) u; mokj bosm;a flK' ^oSma;;dj ms<sn`oj
jer ia;r bosrs ,smshlska idlPd lruq&
fuysoS oSma;;dj wkqj ldKav 8 lg fnod olajk w;r
tajd frdau b,lal yd bx.%Sis wl=re fhdod f.k k lrkq ,nhs' my;
oelafjkafka tu [Link] hs'
oSma;;d mx;sh ixfla;h
oSma;su;a iqms fhdaO ;re
Ia
(Bright Supergiants)
iqms fhdaO ;re
Ib
(Supergiants)
oSma;su;a fhdaO ;re
II
(Bright giants)
fhdaO ;re
III
(Giants)
Wm fhdaO ;re
IV
(Subgiants)
jduk fyda m%Odk wkql%uK ;re
V
(Dwarfs or main sequence)
Wm jduk ;re
VI
(Subdwarfs)
)iq jduk ;re
VII
(White dwarfs)
iuyr fmd;a j, by; [Link] iq jdukhska i|yd ixfla;h f,i D wlaIrho fhdod we;'
(AN INTRODUCTION TO ASTROPHYSICS - Bradley W. Carroll / Dale A. Ostlie 2007 2nd edition)
jKdj,S [Link] we;sjk .egld ;;a;ajh HR igyk ^yiam%x.a-
ri,a igyk& [Link] jvd;a meyeos,sj wjfndaO lr.; yel' tys ol=Kq mi
by<g jkak r;= fhdaO ;re mj;shs' ksoiqka f,i Trdhka rdYsfha
oSma;su;au ;rej jk ,acQia (Betelguese) yd jDYal rdYsfha
oSma;su;au ;rej jk wekagdria (Antares) ;rej .; yel' fjdfha
WIaK;ajh my;a [Link] .kakd kuq oSma;;dj b;d by< f' HR igyfka
ol=Kq mi my< fl<jrg jkak r;= jduk ;re msysghs' fjdfhao WIaK;ajh
my;a [Link] .kshs' kuq;a r;= fhdaO ;re j, fuka fkdj fjdfha
oSma;;dj b;d l=vd [Link]' kuq;a igyk mslaiSfoS fuu ;re [Link]
tlu jKdj,S ldKavhg wh;a jk nj fmfka' fuu .egj u. yerjd .ekSug
by; wm ie,l+ hlaia [Link] iyh me;Sug isf' j;udkfhaoS jvd
.=Kd;aul [Link] is lsu i|yd by; bosm;a lrk ,o [Link]
oa;ajh ixl,kh fldg j. lsu isf' th jvd;a ia;rd;aul
[Link] f'
fuysos m<uqj ;rej wh;a jk
jKdj,S ldKavh;a "bkamiq jKdj,S Wm ldKavh;a " miqj oSma;;d
mx;sh;a ^hlaia [Link]& igyka lrkq ,ef' my; oelafjkafka Bg
ksoiqka lSmhls'
iQhhd ms<sno ie,lSfos tys jKdj,S [Link] ldKavh G f'
tys jKdj,S Wm ldKavh 2 f'
hlaia [Link] wkqj iQhhd wh;a jkafka V ldKavhg f'
ta wkqj" iqhhdf.a jKdj,S mx;s [Link] G2V f'
,acQia ;rej ie,lSfoS tys jKdj,s ldKavh M f'
tys jKdj,S Wm ldKavh 2 f'
hlaia [Link] wkqj th Ia ldKavhg wh;a f'
ta wkqj" ,acQia ;ref jKdj,S mx;s [Link] M2Ia f'
fuf,i j. lsu [Link] ;drldj ms<sn| jvd ia;rd;aul [Link]
isf' jKdj,S ldKavh yd Wm ldKavh [Link] ;ref mDIal WIaK;ajh
ms<sn|j;a oSma;;d mx;sh [Link] ;ref oSma;;dj;a ms<sn|j;a woyila
,nd .; yelsf' ;drld fN!;sl oHd;aul .Kkhka j,oS fuu [Link]
wdY%s;j ,nd .kakd o;a; m%fhdackj;a f'
fi [Link] (Sechi Classes)
by; i|yka l< [Link] yereKq g ;dh [Link] ms<sn|j fuu [Link]
;rula jeo.;a f' l%s' j' 1860 muK ld,fha oS ;dh jKdj,S wOHkfha
[Link]= jQ wekacf,da fi iska fuh bosm;a flK' fuh ;drld
j, jKdj,S fLd (Spectral lines) iajNdjh mok fldgf.k [Link].+jls
Class
I - ks,a yd iq meyefhka hq;a ;re g wh;a f' m<,a ;Sj%
yhsv%-
cka fLd oelsh yels f' jKdj,S mx;shg wkqj A, F
ldKav
j, ;re fuu mx;shg iudkl olajhs' f.d (Vega),
we,afghd (Altair) fuu [Link] ksoiqka f'
Class II - ;rula m%n, yhsv%cka fLd oelsh yel' tfy;a m%n, f,i
f,dayuh jKdj,S fLd oelsh yel' ysre " lefm,d
yd
wdlagqria g ksoiqka f'
Class III - ;e,s meyefha isg r;= meyehg yqreh' jKdj,S mx;shg
wkqj M .Khg jefgk ;re g wh;a f' ,acQia yd
wekagdria g ksoiqka f'
Class IV - r;= meye;sh' ldnka fLd oelsh yel'
Class V - fudapl fLd (Emission lines) oelsh yel'
fuf,i O ;dh mrd;Ska mok fldg f.k O l%u Tiafia ;drld
[Link] lrkq ,nk w;r [Link] f;dr;=re jvd;a M,odhSj yeisrug
wjia:dj Wodf'