Sag Tension Calculation
Using Parabolic Equation Units
DATA:
Basic Span (L): 350 (m)
Basic Pressure
Wind : 71.45 (kg / sqm)
Wind Pressure (P ): 146.81 (kg / sqm)
CONDUCTOR DETAILS:
Type: ACSR ZEBRA
Overall Diameter (D) 0.02862 (m)
Cross Sectional Area (A): 4.845 (sqcm)
Unit weight of Conductor (w): 1.621 (kg / m)
Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) 13289 (kg)
Coeff. of Linear Expansion () : 1.93E-05 (/ deg C)
Modulus of Elasticity (E): 7.04E+05 (kg/sqcm)
Gust Factor : 2.0547
Drag Factor : 1
Creep : 0 (%)
BASIC CONDITIONS:
Temperature: 32.00 deg C
Wind Factor: 0.0
Ice Thickness: 0.0
Initial Sag-Tension
Calculations:
Initial
Tension: T1 25% OF UTS 3322.25 kg
Initial
Stress: F1 T1 / A 685.71 kg/sqcm
Initial
Sag: S1 w.L2 / 8.T1 7.47 m
Parameters:
Weight of Conductor in kg / m / sqcm
W/A 0.335 kg/m/sqcm
p Wind Load on Conductor in kg /m length of conductor
p P*D 4.202 kg / m
70
q Loading Factors
q0.0 ( ((p*0.0)2 + w2)) / w 1
2 2
q0.36 ( ((p*0.36) + w )) / w 1.368
q0.75 ( ((p*0.75)2 + w2)) / w 2.186
q1.00 ( ((p*1.0)2 + w2)) / w 2.778
F Working Tensile Strength of Conductor in kg / sqcm
K Constant (computed from initial temperature & wind pressure conditions)
t Change in temperature
Parabolic Formula:
F22.( F2 ( K .t.E)) = L2.2.q22.E / 24
As K= F1 (L2.2.qo2.E / 24.F12)
keep l2.2.q22.E / 24 = Z
Temperature Variation(C): 0 32 75
.t.E -434.54 0 583.92
Wind Variation: 0 0.36 0 0.75 1.0 0
Z 4.02E+08 7.52E+08 4.02E+08 1.92E+09 3.10E+09 4.02E+08
K -1.69E+02 -1.69E+02 -1.69E+02 -1.69E+02 -1.69E+02 -1.69E+02
(K-
.t.E) 2.65E+02 265.3 -1.69E+02 -1.69E+02 -169.27 -7.53E+02
F 837.89 1006.95 685.705 1189.4 1404.3 554.49
T Tension 4060 4879 3322 5763 6804 2687
(F*A) (Kg)
S Sag 6.114 5.088 7.471 4.307 3.648 9.239
2
(w.L /8T) (m)
Maximum Allowed Tension is 70% of UTS 9302.3 Kg
71
Sag Tension Calculation
Using Parabolic Equation Units
DATA:
Basic Span (L) 350 (m)
Basic
Wind Pressure (P ): 71.45 (kg / sqm)
Wind Pressure (P ): 181.34 (kg / sqm)
CONDUCTOR DETAILS:
Type: E - Wire
Overall Diameter
(D) : 0.01098 (m)
Cross Sectional Area (A): 0.7365 (sqcm)
Unit weight (w): 0.583 (kg / m)
Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS)
: 6972.0 (kg)
Coeff. of Linear Expansion () : 1.15E-05 (/ deg C)
Modulus of Elasticity (E): 1.94E+06 (kg/sqcm)
Gust Factor : 2.115
Drag Factor : 1.2
Creep : 0 (%)
BASIC CONDITIONS:
Temperature: 32.00 deg C
Wind Factor: 0.0
Ice Thickness: 0.0
Initial Sag-Tension
Calculations:
Initial
(w.L2 /
Tension: T1 8S) 0.19 (% OF UTS) 1327.62 kg
Initial
Stress: F1 T1 / A 1802.61 kg/sqcm
Initial
Sag: S1 0.9 * 7.47= 6.72 m
Parameters:
Weight of Conductor in kg / m / sqcm
W/A 0.7916 kg/m/sqcm
p Wind Load on Conductor in kg /m length of conductor
72
p P*D 1.9911 kg / m
q Loading Factors
q0.0 ( ((p*0.0)2 + w2)) / w 1
2 2
q0.36 ( ((p*0.36) + w )) / w 1.585
q0.75 ( ((p*0.75)2 + w2)) / W 2.750
q1.00 ( ((p*1.0)2 + w2)) / w 3.559
F Working Tensile Strength of Conductor in kg / sqcm
K Constant (computed from initial temperature & wind pressure conditions)
Change in
t temperature
Parabolic Formula:
F22.( F2 ( K .t.E)) = L2.2.q22.E / 24
As K= F1 (L2.2.qo2.E / 24.F12)
keep l2.2.q22.E / 24 = Z
Temperature Variation(C): 0 32 53
.t.E -712.48 0 467.57
Wind Variation: 0 0.36 0 0.75 1.0 0
Z 6.19E+09 1.56E+10 6.19E+09 4.68E+10 7.84E+10 6.19E+09
K -1.03E+02 -1.03E+02 -1.03E+02 -103.02 -1.03E+02 -1.03E+02
(K- -
.t.E) 6.09E+02 609.5 -1.03E+02 -103.02 103.01873 -5.71E+02
F 2063.38 2716.8 1802.4 3569.8 4246 1664.15
T Tension 1520 2001 1327 2629 3127 1226
(F*A) (Kg)
S Sag 5.874 4.462 6.725 3.395 2.855 7.284
2
(w.L /8T) (m)
Maximum Allowed Tension is 70% of UTS = 4880.4 Kg
73
CONFIGURING TOWER: TTA - 220 KV
A. Height Till Waist Level (From G.L.):
Minimum Ground Clearance 7000 mm
Sag Error Considered: 160 mm
Max. Sag of Conductor 9240 mm
Length of Insulator: 2340 mm
Length of hanger: 160 mm
Height Till Lower Cross Arm: 18900 mm
B. Vertical Spacing Between Cross Arms.
Minim. Vertical Spacing Between Conductor: 5200 mm
Provided Vertical Spacing Between Cross Arm: 5200 mm
C. Height Till Upper Cross Arm:
24100 mm
D. Vertical Clearance Between Ground Wire And Top Conductor:
1- MIDSPAN CLEARANCE CHECK :
SAG OF GROUND WIRE (00 +0.0) = 5874 mm
SAG OF CONDUCTOR (00 +0.0) = 6114 mm
LENTGH OF INSULATOR = 2340 mm
LENTGH OF HANGER = 160 mm
SAG DIFFERENCE: 240 mm
MINIMUM MIDSPAN CLEARENCE ALLOWED: 8500 mm
74
HEIGHT BETWEEN TOWER TOP AND U.C.A (BOTTOM) : 5760
(THIS HT. INCLUDES THE 150 mm FOR G.W. CLAMP) 5800 mm
TOTAL TOWER HEIGHT : 24100 + 5800 = 29900 mm
2- PEAK CLEARANCE CHECK :
TOWER TYPE SQUARE BASE TRIANGULAR BASE GUYED MAST
HEIGHT FROM G.L.
LOWER CROSS ARM 18900 18900 18900 mm
(BOTTOM)
UPPER CROSS ARM 5200 5200 5200 mm
(BOTTOM)
AS PER SHIELDING 5000 5500 4600 mm
ANGLE REQUIREMENT:
TOWER TOTAL
HEIGHT : 29100 29600 28700 mm
MINIMUM SPECIFIED HEIGHT OF TOWER: 28555 mm
E. Total Tower Height: 29900 mm
( This includes 150 mm for G.W..Clamp)
F. Horizontal Spacing Beween Cross Arm Tip :
Minim. Horizontal Spacing Between Conductor: 8500 mm
ELECTRICAL CLEARANCE CHECK :
TOWER TYPE SQUARE BASE TRIANGULAR BASE GUYED MAST
Width At Waist Level: 1500 2000 1000 mm
Electrical Clearance : 3600 3600 3600 mm
8700 9200 8200 mm
Total Horz. Spacing: 8700 9200 8500 mm
75
Loading Calculations:
Design Data:
Design Wind
Pd (kg/m) 71.45 pressure
l (m) 350 Normal Span
Diameter :
d (m) G.W. -- 0.01098 Conductor 0.02862 Insulator - 0.255
Gust Response Factor:
GC / Gi G.W. -- 2.115 Conductor 2.055 Insulator - 2.25
Drag Coefficient:
CdC / Cdi G.W. -- 1.2 Conductor 1.0 Insulator - 1.2
Tension:
T (kg) G.W. -- 3127 Conductor 6804
T1(0.0) (kg) G.W. -- 1328 Conductor 3322
T(0.75) (kg) G.W. -- 2629 Conductor 5762
w (kg/m) G.W. -- 0.583 Conductor 1.621
n 1 For No. of Sub-Conductors/ Phase
m 1 For Suspension towers -1 & Tension Towers - 2
Length of Insulator- 2.34 (m)
Units: Kg & m
Broken Wire
Normal Condition Condition
(N.C.) Factor (B.W.C.)
Deviation
Angle:(C) 1 0 2 2
Wind Span: (m) L 350 0.6 210
Weight Span
(Max.) L1 525 1.0 315
Weight Span (Min.) L2 200 1.0 100
Reliability Condition:-
Normal Condition
I. Ground Wire:
A. Transverse Load:
1 Wind on Wire:
FWC = Pd . L . d . GC . CdC 696.89
2 Due to Deviation:
76
FWd = 2 . T . sin(2 / 2) 109.16096
Total: 806.051
806 kg
B. Vertical Load:
1 Weight of Wire:
VR = w . (L1 or L2) 306.075 116.6
Weight of G.W.
2 Clamp: 5 5
VR = 50 N = 5 Kg
Total: 311.08 121.6
311 122 kg
C. Longitudinal Load:
LR = 0 * T . cos(1/2) 0 kg
Normal Condition
II. Conductor:
A. Transverse Load:
1 Wind on Wire:
FWC = n . Pd . L . d . GC . CdC 1470.7936
2 Wind on Insulator:
FWi = n . m . Pd . Ai . Gi . Cdi 57.556
3 Due to Deviation:
FWd = 2 . n . T . sin(2 / 2) 237.490
Total: 1,765.840
1,766 kg
B. Vertical Load:
1 Weight of Wire:
VR = w . n . (L1 or L2) 851.025 324.2
2 Weight of Insulator:
VR = n *m *indiviual wt. 200 150
Total: 1,051.025 474.2
1,051 474 kg
C. Longitudinal Load:
77
LR = 0 *n* T . cos(1/2) 0 kg
Security Condition:
Broken Wire
Normal Condition Condition
I. Ground Wire:
A. Transverse Load:
1 Wind on Wire:
FWC = Pd(0.75) . L . d . GC . CdC 523 0.6 314
2 Due to Deviation:
FWd = 2 . T(0.75) . sin(2 / 2) 91.782
FWd = T(0.75) . sin(2 / 2) 1.0 45.89
Total: 614.449 359.49
614 kg 359 kg
B. Vertical Load:
1 Weight of Wire:
VR = w . (L1 or L2) 306.075 116.6 183.645 58.3
Weight of G.W.
2 Clamp: 5 5 5 5
VR = 50 N = 5 Kg
Total: 311.08 121.6 188.645 63.3
311 122 kg 189 63
kg
C. Longitudinal Load:
LS = 0*T1 . cos(1/2) 0
LS = T1 .
cos(1/2) 1327.66
0 kg 1328 kg
Broken Wire
Normal Condition Condition
II. Conductor:
A. Transverse Load:
1 Wind on Wire:
FWC = n . Pd(0.75) . L . d . GC . CdC 1103.095 0.6 662
78
2 Wind on Insulator:
FWi = n . m . Pd(0.75) . Ai . Gi . Cdi 43.167 1.0 43.17
3 Due to Deviation:
FWd = n . T(0.75) . sin(2 / 2) 100.561
FWd = 0.5* n . T(0.75) . sin(2 / 2) 50.281
Total: 1,246.824 755.30
1,247 kg 755 kg
B. Vertical Load:
1 Weight of Wire:
VR = w . n . (L1 or L2) 851.025 324.2 510.615 162.1
2 Weight of Insulator:
VR = n *m *indiviual wt. 200 150 200 150
Total: 1,051.025 474.2 710.62 312.10
1,051 474 kg 711 312
C. Longitudinal Load: kg
LR = 0 *n* T1 . cos(1/2) 0
LR = 0 .5*n* T1 . cos(1/2) 1661.125
0 kg 1661 kg
Safety Condition:
Broken Wire
Normal Condition Condition
I. Ground Wire:
A. Transverse Load:
Due to Deviation:
TM = 2 . T1 . sin(2 / 2) 46.342
TM = T1 . sin(2 / 2) 23.171
46 kg 23 kg
B. Vertical Load:
1 Weight of Wire:
VM = 2 . w . (L1 or L2) 612.15 233.2 367.29 116.6
(2- over load factor)
2 Weight of G.W. Clamp:
VM = 2* 50 N = 2* 5 Kg 10 10 10 10
(2- over load factor)
79
3 Weight of Man with Tool:
VM = 1500 N= 153 kg 153 153 153 153
Total: 775.15 396.2 530.29 279.6
775 396 kg 530 280
C. Longitudinal Load: kg
LM = 0 * 0.5 * T1 0 509.684
0 kg 510 kg
II. Conductor:
A. Transverse Load:
Due to Deviation:
TM = 2 . N . T1 . sin(2 / 2) 115.963 28.991
TM = 1 . N . (0.5*T1) . sin(2 / 2)
116 kg 29 kg
B. Vertical Load:
1 Weight of Wire:
VM = 2. n. w . (L1 or L2) 1702.05 648.4 1021.23 324.2
(2- over load factor)
2 Weight of Insulator:
VR = 2 * n *m *indiviual wt. 400 300 400 300
3 Weight of Man with Tool:
VM = 1500 N= 153 kg 153 153 153 153
4 Weight at Arm Tip 356.7788 356.7788 356.7788 356.7788
Total: 2,611.83 1,458.2 1,931.009 1,133.98
2,612 1,458 kg 1,931 1,134
kg
c. Longitudinal Load:
Normal
LM = 0 *n * 0.5 *
T1 0 1019.368
0 kg 1019 kg
80
