Job No :

Job Name :
Title : Settlement Calculation

Primary Consolidation Settlement Analysis for Ground Treatment Scheme C (FRH = 2.5m - 3.0m)

STAGE 1
Thickness of Embankment Fill : 3.0 m
Half Width of Embankment Fill : 10.5
Slope Width of Embankment Fill : 4.5 (Temporary 1V:1.5H)
Depth to Groundwater Table : 0.5 m
Unit Weight of Embankment Fill, f : 20.0 kN/m3
Unit Weight of Water, w : 9.8 kN/m3
Applied Vertical Stress, P : 60.0 kN/m2
Increase in Vertical Stress, P (with submerge affect) : 52.1 kN/m2

Layer Thickness Cumulative Depth to Unit Weight Initial Increase in Final Pre- Compression Re-compression Primary Effect of Partial Submergence of Fill:
No. Thickness Mid-Layer of Clay Effective Vertical Effective Vertical Effective Vertical Consolidation Ratio Ratio Consolidation
Stress Stress Stress Pressure Settlement POLD SP PNEW

H [m] [m] [m] c [kN/m3] P'0 [kN/m2] P [kN/m2] P'0 + P [kN/m2] Pc [kN/m2] Cc/(1+e0) Cr/(1+e0) SP [m] [kN/m2] [m] [kN/m2]
1 1.0 1.0 0.5 17.0 8.5 52.1 60.6 100.0 0.43 0.040 0.034 60.0 0.958 50.6
2 1.0 2.0 1.5 15.5 13.5 52.1 65.5 100.0 0.43 0.040 0.028 50.6 0.775 52.4
3 1.0 3.0 2.5 14.0 15.4 51.9 67.3 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.076 52.4 0.810 52.1
4 1.0 4.0 3.5 14.0 19.6 51.7 71.3 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.082 52.1 0.804 52.1
5 1.0 5.0 4.5 14.5 26.1 51.2 77.3 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.093
6 1.0 6.0 5.5 14.5 30.8 50.6 81.3 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.099
7 1.0 7.0 6.5 14.5 35.5 49.8 85.2 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.106
8 1.0 8.0 7.5 14.5 40.2 48.8 89.0 50.0 0.40 0.040 0.104
9 1.0 9.0 8.5 14.5 44.9 47.8 92.6 66.7 0.40 0.040 0.064
10 1.0 10.0 9.5 14.5 49.6 46.6 96.1 83.3 0.40 0.040 0.034 Final Primary Settlement : 0.804 m
11 1.0 11.0 10.5 14.5 54.3 45.4 99.6 100.0 0.40 0.040 0.011 Final Height of Embankment Fill from EGL : 2.20 m
12 1.0 12.0 11.5 14.5 59.0 44.1 103.0 116.7 0.40 0.040 0.010
13 1.0 13.0 12.5 14.5 63.7 42.8 106.4 133.3 0.40 0.035 0.008
14 1.0 14.0 13.5 14.5 68.4 41.5 109.8 150.0 0.40 0.035 0.007
15 1.0 15.0 14.5 14.5 73.1 40.2 113.3 166.7 0.40 0.035 0.007
16 1.0 16.0 15.5 14.5 77.8 38.9 116.7 183.3 0.40 0.035 0.006
17 1.0 17.0 16.5 14.5 82.5 37.7 120.2 200.0 0.40 0.035 0.006
18 1.0 18.0 17.5 14.5 87.2 36.5 123.7 216.7 0.40 0.035 0.005
19 1.0 19.0 18.5 14.5 91.9 35.4 127.2 233.3 0.40 0.035 0.005
20 1.0 20.0 19.5 14.5 96.6 34.3 130.8 250.0 0.40 0.035 0.005
21 1.0 21.0 20.5 14.5 101.3 33.2 134.5 266.7 0.40 0.035 0.004
22 1.0 22.0 21.5 14.5 106.0 32.2 138.1 283.3 0.40 0.035 0.004
23 1.0 23.0 22.5 14.5 110.7 31.2 141.9 300.0 0.40 0.035 0.004
24 1.0 24.0 23.5 14.5 115.4 30.3 145.6 316.7 0.40 0.035 0.004
0.804
Time Rate of Consolidation Analysis [Roy E. Olson, 1977]

Height of Embankment Fill : 3.0 m

Rate of Filling : 0.5 m/week 3.5m
0.5 m/week > 3.5m

Width of Drain, a : 0.1 m

Thickness of Drain, b : 0.003 m
Equivalent Diameter of Drain, dw : 0.066 m
Spacing of Drain, s : 1.10 m
Pattern of Drains : Triangular

Construction Time, tc : 6 weeks

Radial Flow:
Equivalent Influence Diameter, de : 1.2 m
Diameter Ratio, N : 17.6
Smear Zone Ratio, s : 2.0
Smear k Ratio, kh/ks : 2.0
Fn : 2.82
A : 0.71
Coefficient of Consolidation, cr : 0.048 m2/week
Construction Time Factor, Trc : 0.86

Vertical Flow:
Thickness of Clay Layer : 24 m m 0
Drainage : Single M 1.6
Coefficient of Consolidation, cv : 0.020 m2/week
Construction Time Factor, Tvc : 0.00021

Final Primary Settlement, SP : 0.804 m

Radial Flow Vertical Flow Combined

t Tr Ur Tv Uv U S
[week] [%] [%] [%] [m]
0 0.00 0% 0.00000 0% 0% 0.000
1 0.14 1% 0.00003 3% 4% 0.032
2 0.29 3% 0.00007 6% 9% 0.075
3 0.43 7% 0.00010 9% 16% 0.127
4 0.58 12% 0.00014 13% 23% 0.185
5 0.72 18% 0.00017 16% 31% 0.249
6 0.86 25% 0.00021 19% 39% 0.317
7 1.01 32% 0.00024 19% 45% 0.364
8 1.15 39% 0.00028 19% 51% 0.407
9 1.30 45% 0.00031 19% 55% 0.445
10 1.44 50% 0.00035 19% 60% 0.480
11 1.58 55% 0.00038 19% 64% 0.512
12 1.73 59% 0.00042 19% 67% 0.540
13 1.87 63% 0.00045 19% 70% 0.566
14 2.01 67% 0.00049 19% 73% 0.589
15 2.16 70% 0.00052 19% 76% 0.610
16 2.30 73% 0.00056 19% 78% 0.628
17 2.45 76% 0.00059 19% 80% 0.645
18 2.59 78% 0.00063 19% 82% 0.661
19 2.73 80% 0.00066 19% 84% 0.675
20 2.88 82% 0.00069 19% 85% 0.687
21 3.02 84% 0.00073 19% 87% 0.699
22 3.17 85% 0.00076 19% 88% 0.709
23 3.31 87% 0.00080 19% 89% 0.718
24 3.45 88% 0.00083 19% 90% 0.726
25 3.60 89% 0.00087 19% 91% 0.734
26 3.74 90% 0.00090 19% 92% 0.741
27 3.89 91% 0.00094 19% 93% 0.747
28 4.03 92% 0.00097 19% 94% 0.752
29 4.17 93% 0.00101 19% 94% 0.757
30 4.32 94% 0.00104 19% 95% 0.762
31 4.46 94% 0.00108 19% 95% 0.766
32 4.61 95% 0.00111 19% 96% 0.770
33 4.75 95% 0.00115 19% 96% 0.773
34 4.89 96% 0.00118 19% 97% 0.776
35 5.04 96% 0.00122 19% 97% 0.779
36 5.18 96% 0.00125 19% 97% 0.781
37 5.33 97% 0.00128 19% 97% 0.783
38 5.47 97% 0.00132 19% 98% 0.785
39 5.61 97% 0.00135 19% 98% 0.787
40 5.76 98% 0.00139 19% 98% 0.789
41 5.90 98% 0.00142 19% 98% 0.790
42 6.04 98% 0.00146 19% 98% 0.792
43 6.19 98% 0.00149 19% 99% 0.793
44 6.33 98% 0.00153 19% 99% 0.794
45 6.48 99% 0.00156 19% 99% 0.795
46 6.62 99% 0.00160 19% 99% 0.796
47 6.76 99% 0.00163 19% 99% 0.797
48 6.91 99% 0.00167 19% 99% 0.797
Secondary Compression Settlement Analysis

Final Primary Settlement, SP : 0.804 m

Time for Completion of Primary Settlement, t 1 : 60 weeks
or 1.15 years
Modified Secondary Compression Index, C : 0.011 (for M/C in the range of 100% to 135%)
Thickness of Clay Layer, H : 23.196 m
Assumed Lifespan of the Structure, t2 : 20 years
Secondary Compression Settlement, c : 0.316 m

Limiting Value of Post-Construction Settlement during the First 7 Years of Service

: 0.112 m

Secondary Compression Settlement during the First 7 Years of Service

: 0.200 m Not O.K.
Job No :
Job Name :
Title : Settlement Calculation

Primary Consolidation Settlement Analysis for Ground Treatment Scheme C (FRH = 2.5m - 3.0m)

STAGE 2
Thickness of Embankment Fill : 5.3 m
Half Width of Embankment Fill : 10.5
Slope Width of Embankment Fill : 8.0 (Temporary 1V:1.5H)
Depth to Groundwater Table : 0.5 m
Unit Weight of Embankment Fill, f : 20.0 kN/m3
Unit Weight of Water, w : 9.8 kN/m3
Applied Vertical Stress, P : 106.0 kN/m2
Increase in Vertical Stress, P (with submerge affect): 91.1 kN/m2

Layer Thickness Cumulative Depth to Unit Weight Initial Increase in Final Pre- Compression Re-compression Primary Effect of Partial Submergence of Fill:
No. Thickness Mid-Layer of Clay Effective Vertical Effective Vertical Effective Vertical Consolidation Ratio Ratio Consolidation
Stress Stress Stress Pressure Settlement POLD SP PNEW

H [m] [m] [m] c [kN/m3] P'0 [kN/m2] P [kN/m2] P'0 + P [kN/m2] Pc [kN/m2] Cc/(1+e0) Cr/(1+e0) SP [m] [kN/m2] [m] [kN/m2]
1 1.0 1.0 0.5 17.0 8.5 91.1 99.6 100.0 0.43 0.040 0.043 106.0 1.804 88.3
2 1.0 2.0 1.5 15.5 13.5 91.1 104.5 100.0 0.43 0.040 0.043 88.3 1.474 91.6
3 1.0 3.0 2.5 14.0 15.4 90.9 106.3 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.161 91.6 1.533 91.0
4 1.0 4.0 3.5 14.0 19.6 90.5 110.1 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.164 91.0 1.522 91.1
5 1.0 5.0 4.5 14.5 26.1 89.9 116.0 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.168 91.1 1.524 91.1
6 1.0 6.0 5.5 14.5 30.8 89.1 119.8 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.172
7 1.0 7.0 6.5 14.5 35.5 88.0 123.4 50.0 0.43 0.040 0.175
8 1.0 8.0 7.5 14.5 40.2 86.6 126.8 50.0 0.40 0.040 0.165
9 1.0 9.0 8.5 14.5 44.9 85.1 130.0 66.7 0.40 0.040 0.123
10 1.0 10.0 9.5 14.5 49.6 83.4 133.0 83.3 0.40 0.040 0.090 Final Primary Settlement : 1.522
11 1.0 11.0 10.5 14.5 54.3 81.6 135.9 100.0 0.40 0.040 0.064 Final Height of Embankment Fill from EGL : 3.78
12 1.0 12.0 11.5 14.5 59.0 79.7 138.7 116.7 0.40 0.040 0.042
13 1.0 13.0 12.5 14.5 63.7 77.8 141.4 133.3 0.40 0.035 0.021
14 1.0 14.0 13.5 14.5 68.4 75.8 144.1 150.0 0.40 0.035 0.011
15 1.0 15.0 14.5 14.5 73.1 73.8 146.8 166.7 0.40 0.035 0.011
16 1.0 16.0 15.5 14.5 77.8 71.8 149.5 183.3 0.40 0.035 0.010
17 1.0 17.0 16.5 14.5 82.5 69.8 152.3 200.0 0.40 0.035 0.009
18 1.0 18.0 17.5 14.5 87.2 67.9 155.0 216.7 0.40 0.035 0.009
19 1.0 19.0 18.5 14.5 91.9 66.0 157.8 233.3 0.40 0.035 0.008
20 1.0 20.0 19.5 14.5 96.6 64.2 160.7 250.0 0.40 0.035 0.008
21 1.0 21.0 20.5 14.5 101.3 62.4 163.6 266.7 0.40 0.035 0.007
22 1.0 22.0 21.5 14.5 106.0 60.7 166.6 283.3 0.40 0.035 0.007
23 1.0 23.0 22.5 14.5 110.7 59.0 169.6 300.0 0.40 0.035 0.006
24 1.0 24.0 23.5 14.5 115.4 57.4 172.7 316.7 0.40 0.035 0.006
1.524
m
m
Job No :
Job Name :
Title : Settlement Calculation

Time Rate of Consolidation Analysis for Scheme C [Roy E. Olson, 1977]

Rate of Filling : 0.5 m/week 3.5m

0.5 m/week > 3.5m

Fill Total Fill Construction

Stage Thickness Thickness Time, tc
[m] [m] [week]
1 3 3 6
2 2.3 5.3 5

PVD Details
Width of Drain, a : 0.1 m
Thickness of Drain, b : 0.003 m
Equivalent Diameter of Drain, dw : 0.066 m
Spacing of Drain, s : 1.10 m
Pattern of Drains : Triangular

Radial Flow:
Equivalent Influence Diameter, de : 1.2 m
Diameter Ratio, N : 17.6
Smear Zone Ratio, s : 2.0
Smear k Ratio, kh/ks : 2.0
Fn : 2.82
A : 0.71
Coefficient of Consolidation, c r : 0.048 m2/week

Vertical Flow:
Thickness of Clay Layer : 24 m m 0
Drainage : Single M 1.6
Coefficient of Consolidation, c v : 0.020 m2/week

Construction Time Factor

Stage Radial, Trc Vertical, Tvc
1 0.86 0.00021
2 0.72 0.00017

Estimated Settlement

Total 90% Const. Rest

Settlement Total Time
Stage Settlement Settlement Time Period
[m] [week]
[m] [m] [week] [week]
1 0.804 0.804 0.724 24 24 18
2 0.718 1.522 1.450 48 24 19

Time Rate Consolidation for Scheme C

Time, week

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80
0.000

0.100

0.200

0.300
Settlement, m

0.400

0.500

0.600

0.700

0.800

0.900

1.000

1.100

1.200

1.300

1.400

1.500
Stage 1 - 3m fill Stage 2 - 3m fill + 2.3m fill
1.600
1.000

1.100

1.200

1.300

1.400

1.500
Stage 1 - 3m fill Stage 2 - 3m fill + 2.3m fill
1.600
Stage 1 Stage 2
Radial Flow Vertical Flow Combined Cum Radial Flow Vertical Flow Combined Cum
t Tr Ur Tv Uv U S t t Tr Ur Tv Uv U S S
[week] [%] [%] [%] [m] [week] [week] [%] [%] [%] [m] [m]
0 0.00 0% 0.00000 0% 0% 0.000 24 0 0.00 0% 0.00000 0% 0% 0.000 0.726
1 0.14 1% 0.00003 3% 4% 0.032 25 1 0.14 1% 0.00003 4% 5% 0.034 0.768
2 0.29 3% 0.00007 6% 9% 0.075 26 2 0.29 4% 0.00007 8% 11% 0.080 0.821
3 0.43 7% 0.00010 9% 16% 0.127 27 3 0.43 8% 0.00010 11% 19% 0.135 0.881
4 0.58 12% 0.00014 13% 23% 0.185 28 4 0.58 14% 0.00014 15% 27% 0.196 0.948
5 0.72 18% 0.00017 16% 31% 0.249 29 5 0.72 22% 0.00017 19% 37% 0.262 1.020
6 0.86 25% 0.00021 19% 39% 0.317 30 6 0.86 29% 0.00021 19% 43% 0.306 1.068
7 1.01 32% 0.00024 19% 45% 0.364 31 7 1.01 36% 0.00024 19% 48% 0.346 1.112
8 1.15 39% 0.00028 19% 51% 0.407 32 8 1.15 42% 0.00028 19% 53% 0.382 1.152
9 1.30 45% 0.00031 19% 55% 0.445 33 9 1.30 48% 0.00031 19% 58% 0.415 1.188
10 1.44 50% 0.00035 19% 60% 0.480 34 10 1.44 53% 0.00035 19% 62% 0.444 1.220
11 1.58 55% 0.00038 19% 64% 0.512 35 11 1.58 58% 0.00038 19% 66% 0.471 1.250
12 1.73 59% 0.00042 19% 67% 0.540 36 12 1.73 62% 0.00042 19% 69% 0.495 1.276
13 1.87 63% 0.00045 19% 70% 0.566 37 13 1.87 65% 0.00045 19% 72% 0.517 1.300
14 2.01 67% 0.00049 19% 73% 0.589 38 14 2.01 69% 0.00049 19% 75% 0.536 1.322
15 2.16 70% 0.00052 19% 76% 0.610 39 15 2.16 72% 0.00052 19% 77% 0.554 1.341
16 2.30 73% 0.00056 19% 78% 0.628 40 16 2.30 74% 0.00056 19% 79% 0.570 1.359
17 2.45 76% 0.00059 19% 80% 0.645 41 17 2.45 77% 0.00059 19% 81% 0.584 1.374
18 2.59 78% 0.00063 19% 82% 0.661 42 18 2.59 79% 0.00063 19% 83% 0.597 1.389
19 2.73 80% 0.00066 19% 84% 0.675 43 19 2.73 81% 0.00066 19% 85% 0.609 1.402
20 2.88 82% 0.00069 19% 85% 0.687 44 20 2.88 83% 0.00069 19% 86% 0.619 1.413
21 3.02 84% 0.00073 19% 87% 0.699 45 21 3.02 85% 0.00073 19% 88% 0.629 1.424
22 3.17 85% 0.00076 19% 88% 0.709 46 22 3.17 86% 0.00076 19% 89% 0.638 1.433
23 3.31 87% 0.00080 19% 89% 0.718 47 23 3.31 88% 0.00080 19% 90% 0.645 1.442
24 3.45 88% 0.00083 19% 90% 0.726 48 24 3.45 89% 0.00083 19% 91% 0.652 1.450
25 3.60 89% 0.00087 19% 91% 0.734 49 25 3.60 90% 0.00087 19% 92% 0.659 1.457
26 3.74 90% 0.00090 19% 92% 0.741 50 26 3.74 91% 0.00090 19% 93% 0.665 1.463
27 3.89 91% 0.00094 19% 93% 0.747 51 27 3.89 92% 0.00094 19% 93% 0.670 1.469
28 4.03 92% 0.00097 19% 94% 0.752 52 28 4.03 93% 0.00097 19% 94% 0.674 1.474
29 4.17 93% 0.00101 19% 94% 0.757 53 29 4.17 93% 0.00101 19% 95% 0.679 1.479
30 4.32 94% 0.00104 19% 95% 0.762 54 30 4.32 94% 0.00104 19% 95% 0.682 1.483
31 4.46 94% 0.00108 19% 95% 0.766 55 31 4.46 94% 0.00108 19% 96% 0.686 1.487
32 4.61 95% 0.00111 19% 96% 0.770 56 32 4.61 95% 0.00111 19% 96% 0.689 1.490
33 4.75 95% 0.00115 19% 96% 0.773 57 33 4.75 95% 0.00115 19% 96% 0.692 1.493
34 4.89 96% 0.00118 19% 97% 0.776 58 34 4.89 96% 0.00118 19% 97% 0.694 1.496
35 5.04 96% 0.00122 19% 97% 0.779 59 35 5.04 96% 0.00122 19% 97% 0.697 1.499
36 5.18 96% 0.00125 19% 97% 0.781 60 36 5.18 97% 0.00125 19% 97% 0.699 1.501
37 5.33 97% 0.00128 19% 97% 0.783 61 37 5.33 97% 0.00128 19% 98% 0.701 1.503
38 5.47 97% 0.00132 19% 98% 0.785 62 38 5.47 97% 0.00132 19% 98% 0.702 1.505
39 5.61 97% 0.00135 19% 98% 0.787 63 39 5.61 98% 0.00135 19% 98% 0.704 1.506
40 5.76 98% 0.00139 19% 98% 0.789 64 40 5.76 98% 0.00139 19% 98% 0.705 1.508
41 5.90 98% 0.00142 19% 98% 0.790 65 41 5.90 98% 0.00142 19% 98% 0.706 1.509
42 6.04 98% 0.00146 19% 98% 0.792 66 42 6.04 98% 0.00146 19% 99% 0.708 1.511
43 6.19 98% 0.00149 19% 99% 0.793 67 43 6.19 98% 0.00149 19% 99% 0.709 1.512
44 6.33 98% 0.00153 19% 99% 0.794 68 44 6.33 99% 0.00153 19% 99% 0.709 1.513
45 6.48 99% 0.00156 19% 99% 0.795 69 45 6.48 99% 0.00156 19% 99% 0.710 1.514
46 6.62 99% 0.00160 19% 99% 0.796 70 46 6.62 99% 0.00160 19% 99% 0.711 1.514
47 6.76 99% 0.00163 19% 99% 0.797 71 47 6.76 99% 0.00163 19% 99% 0.712 1.515
48 6.91 99% 0.00167 19% 99% 0.797 72 48 6.91 99% 0.00167 19% 99% 0.712 1.516
49 7.05 99% 0.00170 19% 99% 0.798 73 49 7.05 99% 0.00170 19% 99% 0.713 1.516
50 7.20 99% 0.00174 19% 99% 0.799 74 50 7.20 99% 0.00174 19% 99% 0.713 1.517
51 7.34 99% 0.00177 19% 99% 0.799 75 51 7.34 99% 0.00177 19% 99% 0.714 1.517
52 7.48 99% 0.00181 19% 99% 0.800 76 52 7.48 99% 0.00181 19% 99% 0.714 1.518
Secondary Compression Settlement Analysis

Final Primary Settlement, SP : #REF! m

Time for Completion of Primary Settlement, t 1 : 67 weeks
or 1.29 years
Modified Secondary Compression Index, C : 0.011 (for M/C in the range of 100% to 135%)
Thickness of Clay Layer, H : #REF! m
Assumed Lifespan of the Structure, t2 : 20 years
Secondary Compression Settlement, c : #REF! m

Limiting Value of Post-Construction Settlement during the First 7 Years of Service

: #REF! m

Secondary Compression Settlement during the First 7 Years of Service

: #REF! m #REF!