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Key Contributions to Statistics Through Ages

The document outlines major contributors to the field of statistics throughout history, from ancient Greek philosophers' initial ideas on the subject to 20th century statisticians who developed non-parametric tests and methods that took advantage of new computer technology. Key contributors include Graunt, Petty, and Bernoulli in the 17th century who studied populations and probability; Laplace and Gauss in the 18th century who studied the normal curve and regression; and Pearson, Fisher, Wilcoxon, and Tukey in the early-to-mid 20th century who developed correlation, experimental design, and non-parametric tests.

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29 views2 pages

Key Contributions to Statistics Through Ages

The document outlines major contributors to the field of statistics throughout history, from ancient Greek philosophers' initial ideas on the subject to 20th century statisticians who developed non-parametric tests and methods that took advantage of new computer technology. Key contributors include Graunt, Petty, and Bernoulli in the 17th century who studied populations and probability; Laplace and Gauss in the 18th century who studied the normal curve and regression; and Pearson, Fisher, Wilcoxon, and Tukey in the early-to-mid 20th century who developed correlation, experimental design, and non-parametric tests.

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Contribution to Statistics

Time Contributor Contribution

Ancient Philosophers Ideas - no quantitative analyses


Greece

17th Graunt, Petty studied affairs of state, vital statistics of


Century populations
Pascal, Bernoulli
studied probability through games of chance,
gambling

18th Laplace, Gauss normal curve, regression through study of


Century astronomy

19th Quetelet astronomer who first applied statistical analyses


Century to human biology
Galton
studied genetic variation in humans(used
regression and correlation)

20th Pearson studied natural selection using correlation,


Century formed first academic department of statistics,
(early) Gosset (Student) Biometrika journal, helped develop the Chi
Square analysis
Fisher
studied process of brewing, alerted the statistics
community about problems with small sample
sizes, developed Student's test

evolutionary biologists - developed ANOVA,


stressed the importance of experimental design
20th Wilcoxon biochemist studied pesticides, non-parametric
Century equivalent of two-samples test
(later) Kruskal, Wallis
economists who developed the non-parametric
Spearman equivalent of the ANOVA

Kendall psychologist who developed a non-parametric


equivalent of the correlation coefficient
Tukey
statistician who developed another non-
parametric equivalent the correlation coefficient
Dunnett
statistician who developed multiple comparisons
Keuls procedure

Computer biochemist who studied pesticides, developed


Technology multiple comparisons procedure for control
groups

agronomist who developed multiple comparisons


procedure

provided many advantages over calculations by


hand or by calculator, stimulated the growth of
investigation into new techniques

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