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12V to 220V Power Inverter Project Guide

This document describes a power inverter project that converts 12V DC from a battery to 220V AC. The circuit uses a 555 timer integrated circuit to generate a 120Hz oscillating signal. A 74C74 flip-flop divides the frequency in half to 60Hz and provides complementary outputs. Transistors Q1 and Q2 act as switches driven by the flip-flop outputs. When Q1 is on, current flows through the primary of a step-up transformer. When Q1 is off and Q2 is on, current flows back through the secondary winding of the transformer, generating a 220V AC output. The simple circuit requires only low-cost integrated circuits and transistors and can safely power a 120-w

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27 views6 pages

12V to 220V Power Inverter Project Guide

This document describes a power inverter project that converts 12V DC from a battery to 220V AC. The circuit uses a 555 timer integrated circuit to generate a 120Hz oscillating signal. A 74C74 flip-flop divides the frequency in half to 60Hz and provides complementary outputs. Transistors Q1 and Q2 act as switches driven by the flip-flop outputs. When Q1 is on, current flows through the primary of a step-up transformer. When Q1 is off and Q2 is on, current flows back through the secondary winding of the transformer, generating a 220V AC output. The simple circuit requires only low-cost integrated circuits and transistors and can safely power a 120-w

Uploaded by

Rene
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

4/19/2017 randy

RandyPangilinanEsmenda

Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep

HOME| BIOGRAPHY| PERSONALDATA| GALLERY| PROJECT| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT| DEDICATION| OTHERS

ABOUTTHEPROJECT
ProjectDescription "BibleQuotes"
Maytheyw holoveyoubelikethesun
AbouttheCircuit w henitrisesinitsstrength.

SchematicDiagram JonathanSw ift:Mayyouliveallthedaysof
yourlife.
PCBLayout
Job34:3NIV:
Theeartestsw ordsasthetonguetastes
MaterialsUse food.

Application Jesus:ThekingdomofHeavenisw ithin
you...
TotalCost

ProjectDescription
Inplacesw hereelectricityisnotavailable,aportableelectricgeneratorandabatteryarealternative
pow [Link],caneasilyberecharged,anddoesnot
[Link],acarbatteryisaDCsourcelimitedtoapotential
of12volts.Toconvertthistoa220voltsalternatingcurrent,aDCtoACinverterisnecessary.

Apow [Link] o
integratedcircuits,foursmallpow ertransistors,andtw opow [Link]
[Link] erto120w attload.

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AbouttheProject
PowerInverter
AbouttheCircuit
12Vdcto220Vac
Thecompleteschematicdiagramofthepow erinverterisshow [Link],itcanbe
classifiedasmainlyconsistingofanastableoscillator,aflipflopcircuitthatgeneratespulsew ithopposite

[Link] 1/6
4/19/2017 randy
logicstatesatitsQandQoutputs,asw itchingcircuitandastepuptransformerasshow ninFigure1B. Inplacesw hereelectricity
isnotavailable,aportable
electricgeneratoranda
batteryarealternative
pow ersources.



WatchTheVideoofprojectconstruction
1.Construction1
2.Construction2
Readmore
[Link] erInverterproject.

Theastableoscillatorisconfiguredarounda555timerIC.Itsoscillatingfrequencyissetto120Hzby Links
R1,R2,[Link] av eshav ingapeaktopeakamplitudenearly NCST
equaltothe12Voltssupplyv [Link] aythisoscillatorw orkscanbeeasilyunderstoodthrough
Templates
Fig.2. Google
PEX
Figure2.Internalblockdiagramofthe555timerIC. Yahoo!
Friendster
Immediatelyuponapplicationofthe12v oltsupply
v oltage,thev oltageacrosscapacitorC1isnearlyat
thegroundlev [Link] oltagesensedbythetrigger
comparator(pin2)ofthetimer,settingtheinternalflip
flopandhence,causingtheoutputv oltageat(pin3)to
gohighorapproximatethesupplyv oltage. Web [Link]
Consequently,itturnsoffthedischargetransistor
[Link]
andallow ingcapacitorC1tochargethroughresistors
R1,[Link] ardsthe Search
supplyv oltagebutuponreaching2/3ofthesupply
v oltage,thethresholdcomparator(pin6)isactiv [Link]
outputv oltagetogobacktogroundlev [Link],w hichinturn,causes
capacitorC1todischargethroughR2andR3untilthev oltageacrossitdropsto1/3ofthesupplyv oltage,
alev elatw hichthetriggercomparatorsw itchesthetimeroutputtoahighstate(ornearthesupply
v oltagelev el)again,thenthecycleisrepeated.
ShoutMix
Livechat
[Link]
[Link] idesequallyintotw othetimerfrequencytoobtainthenominal60Hzoutput,and softwarefor
secondly,itsimultaneouslyprov idescomplementaryoutputs(atitspins5&6)requiredbythesucceeding
sw itchingcircuit.
yourwebsite
Thepartofthesw itchingcircuitthatreceiv estheflipflopoutputsarecomposedofbuffertransistorsQ1
andQ2.ResistorsR4andR5limitthecurrentofthebaseofthesetransistorstoasafev [Link] Clickhereto
R6andR7serv easpullupresistorsthatsetthecollectorbiasofthesetransistors.
checkitoutnow!
Theoutputofthebuffertransistorsareinturnconnectedtothepushpulltransistorsconsistingofthe
Q3Q4andQ5Q6pairs.ThePNPtransistorsQ3andQ5actasdriv ertransistorstoQ4andQ6, 0.0022s
respectiv [Link] ertransistorssothatthefull
[Link] erscangouptofiv eamperesdepending
ontheloadconnectedtheoutputoftheinv erter.

TransistorsQ4andQ6,w iredinapushpullmode,alternatelysupplycurrentthrougheachhalfofthe
primaryw [Link] henonetransistorisfully
saturated,theotheroneisatcutoff,andv icev [Link] itchingofthetw otransistors
createsamagneticfieldonthetransformercoreresultingtoatransferofenergyfromthesecondary
w indingoftheprimaryw inding,[Link] erav ailableatthe

secondaryofthetransformerhasbeentranslatedalreadyto220v oltsalternatingcurrentintheformof
InputYourMessage
squarew av [Link] indingturnsratiocausesthe12v oltprimaryv oltagetobe
steppedupto220Voltsinthesecondaryw inding.

[Link] 2/6
4/19/2017 randy
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SchematicDiagram

[Link] [Link]#10w irefortheheavylineconnections.



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PCBLAYOUT

Thepowerinverteralthoughcomposedofonlyafewcomponentshandleslargeamountsofcurrentthus
necessitatingextraprecautionarymeasures:

UseonlyAWG#[Link]
sizeforconnectionstothebattery.

TransistorsQ4andQ6mustbemountedonaheatsinksufficientenoughtodissipatetheexpectedheatthat
[Link].

TransistorsQ4andQ6mustbebothelectricallyisolatedfromtheheatsink
Therestofproceduresaremainlyamatteroffollow inggoodconstructiontechniquesasindoingother
electronicprojects:
[Link](SeeFigure3and4).Carefullycheckthefoilpath.
[Link]
oftheelectrolyticcapacitorsandthetransistors.
CapacitorsC4ismountedatthefoilsideofthePCBatthelocationindicatedinfigure4.ResistorsR10to
R13arenotmountedinthePCB,refertoFigure6.
[Link] [Link]
insulatorsbetw eentheheatsinkandthepow ertransistors.
[Link]
thePCB,transistorsontheheatsink,andthetransformer.

Note:dothewiringconnectionsasillustratedinthewiringguideaftertheTESTINGprocedures.


[Link]
thePow [Link].
*C4issolderedatthefoilsideofthePCBatthelocationindicated.
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[Link] 3/6
4/19/2017 randy

MaterialsUse
Pow erInverter

PartsList

Semiconductor:

IC1555,TimerIC
IC274C74,CMOSDUALDFlipFlop
Q1,Q29418,NPNTransistors
Q3,Q5NA52W,PNP40W45V4ATransistors
Q4,Q6MJ15015,NPN180W120V15ATransistors

Resistors:(Allare1/4w att+5%toleranceCarboncompositiontype,unlessotherw isenoted:)


R110Kilohms
R2,R327Kilohms
R4,R53.3Kilohms
R6,R71Kilohm
R8,R947Ohms,1w att
R10,R11330Ohms
R12,R1315Ohms,1/2w att
Capacitors:
C1,C20.1uF/50Vmylar
C3220uF/25Velectrolytic
C44.7uF/16Velectrolytic
Miscellaneous:
SISPST15AmpSw itch
Transformer24VCTPrimary/220VSecondary,150w att
ICSocket,ICU81pc.
ICSocket,ICU141pc
Heatsink(fintype)9inchesinlength
Micainsulators2pcs
BindingPosts1pair
CarBatteryAlligatorClips(red&black)1pair.
BananaPlugs(red&black)1pair.
ACOutlet,(chassismounted)1pair.
PCB,Eyelets,NutsandBolts
AWG#10andAWG#22InsulatedHookUpWires,etc.

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Application
ThemainfunctionofthepowerinverteristomakeavailableACpowerininstanceswhenandwhere
[Link]
[Link],sincetheoutputofthisinverterisasquarewaveandnot
sinusoidalasthesuppliedhousecurrent,theinvertercouldnotbeusedforTVandsimilarelectronic
appliances.(Note:WehaveactuallytestedthisinverterusingaTVloadandencounterednoproblematall.
Butthisisnotaguarantee,however,[Link]
performedaswellorbetterbutothersmaybedamagedwhenpoweredbyasquarewaveACsource.)

Somepossibleapplicationsofthepowerinverterarethefollowing:

[Link](fluorescentorincandescent)

[Link]

[Link](120wattsmaximum)

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[Link] 4/6
4/19/2017 randy

TotalCost
ItemQuantityPrice(P)
AWG#224m10
P.InverterKit1kit1282.50
BatteryClip1pair25
Footings4pcs.8
Screw s1/8x1/220pcs.15
Heatsink12"12"155
TW#102m73
Housing450
Paint25
Transportation2times250
TOTALCOST2293.50

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TechnologyNews

Low onminutes?You Thisvoiceremote Onestudyclaims


maybeableto"buy hearsyourevery thatfrequentcell
sometime"byw atching [Link] w e're userscansuffer
ads talking. fromhearingloss.
Readmore Readmore Readmore

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PostedbyRandy

municationsEngineering

[Link] 5/6
4/19/2017 randy

[Link] 6/6

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