Problem #1 I=q
How much current is flowing when 18.65 t
Coulombs
of charge pass a point in 3.12 seconds? Given:
The formula used in this problem is:
I=q t=?
I = 1.68 A
t q = 0.0772 C
Given:
I=?
Problem #4
q = 18.65 C
t = 3.12 s
A circuit's resistance is 22.41 ohms when
Problem #2 connected
to a 12.6 volt battery. Find the current.
How much charge enters a car starter if 220
amps The formula used in this problem is:
of current flows for 1.3 seconds?
V=IR
The formula used in this problem is:
Given:
I=q
t R = 22.41 ohms
V = 12.6 v
Given: I=?
q=? Problem #5
I = 220 A
t = 1.3 s A transistor radio uses 0.24 milliamps of
current when it is operated
Problem #3 by a 1.50 volt battery. What is the resistance
of the radio's circuit?
How long would it take for a current of 1.68
amps The formula used in this problem is:
V=IR
Given:
to transfer 0.0772 Coulombs past a given
point? I = 0.24 mA
V = 1.50 v
The formula used in this problem is: R=?
Problem #6 A motor circuit has a resistance of 28.6 ohms.
If the current through
it is 0.844 amps, what is the potential Problem #7
difference in this circuit? A lamp is plugged into 120 volts.
What is the lamp's resistance if the current is
The formula used in this problem is: 75 milliamps?
The formula used in this problem is:
V=IR V=IR
Given:
Given: V = 120 v
R=?
R = 28.6 ohms I = 75 mA
I = 0.844 A
V=?
Problem #8 Problem #9
How much power is consumed by the lamp in Find the power consumed when 1.04 amps
question # 7 ? flows through a toaster plugged into 120 volts.
The formula used in this problem is: The formula used in this problem is:
P=VI P=VI
Given: Given:
P=? P=?
V = 120 v I = 1.04 A
I = 75 mA V = 120 v
Problem #10 Given:
What current flows through a 200 watt light I=?
bulb plugged into 120 volts ? V = 120 v
P = 200 W
The formula used in this problem is:
Problem #11
P=VI
What voltage would cause a 2.5 kilowatt oven What is a microwave's resistance if it uses 900
element to have a current of 10.4 amps? watts when plugged in to 120 volts?
The formula used in this problem is: R=?
P = 900 W
P=VI
V = 120 v
Given:
Problem #15
V=?
A 1200 watt hair dryer is turned on for 45
P = 2.5 kW
seconds. Find the energy used in Joules.
I = 10.4 A
Given:
Problem #12
P = 1200 W (W=J/s)
Find the resistance in a lamp that uses a 100
t = 45 s
watt light bulb and is plugged into 120 volts.
e=?
Given:
The formula used in this problem is:
R=? e=Pt
P = 100 W
V = 120 v Problem #16
We don't have a formula with R, P and V. A stereo is consuming 360 watts for 3
Instead two formulae are necessary to do this hours. Find the energy used in kilo-watt
problem: hours.
P = V I and V = I R Given:
Problem #13 P = 360 W
t = 3.5 h
A circuit's resistance is 206 ohms. Find the
e=?
power being used when the current is 3.1
amps.
Given:
R = 206 ohms
P=?
I = 3.1 A
Problem #14
Problem #17
Problem #19
A tv has a current of 2.6 amps and a resistance
of 46 ohms. A current of 1.23 amps flows through a
Find the cost to run it for 4.5 hours if it is 8.3 resistance of 45.6 ohms. Find the power used.
cents per kilowatt hour.
( 3 steps: find Power (P), Energy used (e) in Given:
kilowatt hours, then cost)
I = 1.23 A
Given: R = 45.6 ohms
P=?
I = 2.6 A
R = 46 ohms Problem #20
t = 4.5 h
A circuit's resistance is 14.3 ohms when
cost = 8.3 cents / kWh
connected to a 12 volt battery. Find the
Four formulae are necessary to do this current.
problem:
The formula used in this problem is:
V = I R and P = V I and e = P t and
cost = e . cost V=IR
Problem #18 Given:
If electricity is billed at 7.5 cents per kilowatt R = 14.3 ohms
hour, find the cost to run a V = 12 v
3.5 watt nightlight for twelve hours per day I=?
for one year. (365 days / year)
Example Problem #1
Given:
How much current is flowing when 29.3
cost = 7.5 cents / kWh Coulombs of charge pass a point in 7.84
P = 3.5 W seconds?
t = 12 h / day x 365 days = 4380 h
The formula used in this problem is:
I=q Example Problem #2
t A circuit's resistance is 76.8 ohms when
connected to a 1.5 volt battery. Find the
Given: current.
The formula used in this problem is:
I=? V=IR
q = 29.3 C Given:
t = 7.84 s R = 76.8 ohms
V = 1.5 v
You do not need to re-arrange the formula. I=?
Directly substitute the given measured values. You need to re-arrange the formula so that:
I=V
I = 29.3 C
R
7.84 s
Now substitute the given measured values.
I = 3.7372449 C / s I = 1.5 v
76.8 ohms
I = 3.7372449 A ( 1 C / s = 1 A) I = 0.0195312 A
I = 0.020 A
I = 3.74 A I = 20 mA
Example Problem #3 P = 450 W
Find the power consumed when 3.75 amps Example Problem #4
flows through a hair dryer plugged into 120 A circuit's resistance is 520 ohms. Find the
volts. power being used when the current is 2.8
amps.
The formula used in this problem is: R = 520 ohms
P=?
P=VI I = 2.8 A
We don't have a formula with R, P and I.
Given: Instead two formulae are necessary to do this
problem:
P=? V = I R and P = V I
I = 3.75 A You do not need to re-arrange the first
V = 120 v formula.
Directly substitute the given measured values.
You do not need to re-arrange the formula. V = ( 2.8 A ) ( 520 ohms )
V = 1456 v
Directly substitute the given measured values.
Then use the unrounded value for V in the
second formula to find P.
P = ( 120 v ) ( 3.75 A )
P = ( 1456 v ) ( 2.8 A )
P = 4076.8 W P = 180 W
P = 4.1 x 10 3 W t = 1.5 h
P = 4.1 kW e=?
Example Problem #5
The formula used in this problem is:
A 1.50 kilowatt hair dryer is turned on for 180 e=Pt
seconds. Find the energy used in Joules.
You do not need to re-arrange the formula.
Given: First change the Watts ( W ) into kiloWatts
( kW ) by moving the decimal three places to
P = 1.50 kW (1W=1J/s)
the left.
t = 180 s
e=? P = 0.180 x 10 3 W
The formula used in this problem is: P = 0.180 kW
e=Pt
The symbols kW stand for kiloWatts.
It is using the metric prefix "k". It stands
You do not need to re-arrange the
for kilo.
formula. BUT,
For explanation see: Metric Prefixes
you need to change kW into W and then into J
/ s before it can be substituted into the
Then substitute the given measured values
equation.
into the equation.
P = 1.50 kW = 1.50 x 10 3 W = 1.50 x 10 3 J
e = ( 0.180 kW ) ( 1.5 h )
/s
e = 0.27 kWh
e = ( 1.50 x 10 3 J / s ) ( 180 s )
e = 2.70 x 10 5 J
e = 270 kJ
Example Problem #6
A stereo uses 180 watts for 1 hours. Find
the energy used in kilowatt hours.
Given:
Example Problem #7 V = ( 1.4 A ) ( 85 ohms )
A computer draws a current of 1.4 amps and V = 119 v
has a resistance of 85 ohms. Then use the unrounded value for V in the
Find the cost to run it for 1.5 hours if it is 8.3 second formula to find P.
cents per kilowatt hour. P = ( 119 v ) ( 1.4 A )
Given: P = 166.6 W = 0.1666 x 10 3 W = 0.1666
I = 1.4 A kW
R = 85 ohms Then use the unrounded value for P in the
t = 1.5 h third formula to find e (in kWh like problem
billing rate = 8.3 cents / kWh #16).
Four formulae are necessary to do this e = ( 0.1666 kW ) ( 1.5 h )
problem: e = 0.2499 kWh
V = I R and P = V I and e = Then use the unrounded value for e in the
forth formula to find cost.
P t and cost = e . billing rate cost = ( 0.2499 kWh ) ( 8.3 cents / kWh )
Use the first formula to find V cost = 2.07417 cents
cost = 2.1 cents
Resistivity (these calculations are for those at AS level)
24 Taking the resistivity of platinoid as 3.3 x 10 -7 m, find the resistance of 7.0 m of platinoid wire of
average diameter 0.14 cm.
25 The resistance of the ohm is very approximately that of a column of mercury 1.06 m long and of
uniform cross-section of one hundredth of a cm 2. Find the resistivity of mercury.
26 What length of German silver wire, diameter 0.050 cm, is needed to make a 28 resistor, if the
resistivity of German silver is 2.2 x 10-7 m?
27 The maximum allowable resistance for an underwater cable is one hundredth of an ohm per
metre. If the resistivity of copper is 1.54 x 10-8 m, find the least diameter of a copper cable that
could be used.
28 A block of carbon, 1.0 cm by 2.0 cm by 5.0 cm, has a resistance of 0.015 between its two
smaller faces. What is the resistivity of carbon?
29 A uniform strip of eureka (resistivity 5-0 x 10 -7 m) has a resistance of 0.80 per metre and is
0.25 cm wide. What is its thickness?
30 A wire of uniform cross-section has a resistance of R . What would be the resistance of a similar
wire, made of the same material, but twice as long and of twice the diameter?
31 A wire of uniform cross-section has a resistance of R . If it is drawn to three times the length, but
the volume remains constant, what will be its resistance?
32 A simple way to make a resistor of high resistance is to draw a line with a graphite pencil across a
sheet of insulating material. One such line has a resistance of 10 M and is 80 cm long. If its width is
1.8 x 10-2 cm, what is its average thickness? (Resistivity of graphite = 6.3 x l0 -5 m.)
ANSWERS 24) 1.50 25) 9.4 (9.434) x lO-7 m 26) 25m 27) 0-14cm 28) 6.0xl0-5
m 29) 0.025 cm 30) 1/2 R 31) 9R 32) 2.8 x 10-4 cm