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Water Treatment Engineering Homework Solutions

This document contains 4 homework questions about water and wastewater treatment engineering. Question 1 involves sketching graphs and calculating chemicals required for water softening. Question 2 explains how chlorination can cause iron and manganese precipitation in water. Question 3 develops a Freundlich isotherm to model phenol adsorption by granular activated carbon. Question 4 calculates the volume of water a resin can treat based on ion concentrations and resin capacity.

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18 views3 pages

Water Treatment Engineering Homework Solutions

This document contains 4 homework questions about water and wastewater treatment engineering. Question 1 involves sketching graphs and calculating chemicals required for water softening. Question 2 explains how chlorination can cause iron and manganese precipitation in water. Question 3 develops a Freundlich isotherm to model phenol adsorption by granular activated carbon. Question 4 calculates the volume of water a resin can treat based on ion concentrations and resin capacity.

Uploaded by

MuhammadUsman
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1.

85 WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT ENGINEERING


HOMEWORK 5

Question 1 (4 points)
The water defined by the analysis given below is to be softened by excess-lime (and soda
ash) treatment.

a. Sketch an meq/L bar graph (1 point).


b. Calculate the softening chemicals required (3 points).
c. Draw a bar graph for the softened water after recarbonation and filtration, assuming
that 80% of the alkalinity is in the bicarbonate form (1 point).

CO2 8.8 mg/L


2+
Ca 40.0 mg/L ALK (HCO3 ) 135 mg/L
2+
Mg 14.7 mg/L SO42 29.0 mg/L
+
Na 13.7 mg/L Cl 17.8 mg/L

1
Question 2 (2 points)
A small community has used an unchlorinated ground-water supply containing
approximately 0.3 mg/L of iron and manganese for several years without any apparent iron
and manganese problems. A health official suggested that the town install chlorination
equipment to disinfect the water and provide a chlorine residual in the distribution system.
After initiating chlorination, consumers complained about water staining washed clothes and
bathroom fixtures. Explain what is occurring due to chlorination.
ANSWER: Chlorine is a strong oxidizer and is oxidizing the iron and the manganese. The
oxidized iron and manganese is relatively insoluble and forms precipitates. These
precipitates cause the stains on fixtures and laundry. Apparently, before chlorination, the
iron and manganese remained dissolved or as fine colloids and passed through the system
without causing problems.

Question 3 (2 points)
A wastewater containing phenol at a concentration of 0.4 mg/L is to be treated by granular
activated carbon. Batch tests have been performed in the laboratory to determine the
relative adsorption of phenol by GAC. Testing entails adding a mass of carbon to V = 1 liter
of the 0.4 mg/L-solution, allowing the solution to reach equilibrium over 6 days, and then
measuring the resulting equilibrium concentration of phenol. Results are shown in the table
below. Develop a Freundlich isotherm to fit these data.

Mass of carbon, Initial conc., Equilibrium conc


M (gm) C0 (mg/L) Ce (mg/L)
0.52 0.400 0.322
2.32 0.400 0.117
3.46 0.400 0.051
3.84 0.400 0.039
4.50 0.400 0.023
5.40 0.400 0.012
6.67 0.400 0.0061
7.60 0.400 0.0042
8.82 0.400 0.0023

Question 4 (2 points)
An ion exchange resin is used to remove nitrate from a water supply with the ionic
concentrations shown below. The total resin capacity is 1.5 equivalents per liter of resin.

Cations meq/L Anions meq/L



Ca2+ 1.4 SO42 0.0

Mg2+ 0.8 Cl 3.0

Na+ 2.6 NO3 1.8

d. Do the anions and cations balance? (1 point).


e. What volume of water can be treated with each liter of resin? (2 points)

f. Qualitatively, how would your answer differ if the concentrations of Cl and SO4
were reversed? (1 point).

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