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Transportation
Engineering
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
TRAFFIC SIGNS
Warning Signs

The Vienna Convention allows two forms for the warning sign. One is
triangular in shape with a red border and the other is diamond in shape.

In the Philippines, the first form is the one being used although the second
may still be found in rural areas. The coloring may also differ in each form.
However, the choice of color is left to the discretion of the signing body.

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Warning Sign Traffic-Circle Sign

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Y Junction Sign Stop Ahead Sign Two Way Traffic Sign

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Reduced Visibility Sign Slippery Road Sign Speed Humps Sign

Sharp Curve Sign Sharp Curve Chevron Sign

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 Pedestrian Sign Pedestrian Crossing Sign Narrow Bridge Sign

Gentle Curve Sign Lane Ends Sign Hairpin Curve Sign

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Falling Rocks Sign Electric Shock Sign Congestion Sign

Combined Curve Sign

Farm Animal Sign

Cross Road Sign

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Flagman Ahead Sign Men at Work Sign

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Priority Signs
Priority Signs have various forms. The most commonly used priority signs are the STOP and
YIELD signs

STOP Sign YIELD Sign

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GO Sign No Entry Sign Yield to Oncoming Traffic Sign

Yield to Pedestrian One Way Roadway Sign

Sign

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Prohibition Signs
Prohibition signs are round with a red border and either a white or a yellow background

Speed Limit No Parking No Bicycle

Sign Sign Allowed Sign

Overtaking Mass Limit No Taxi

Prohibited Sign Sign Allowed Sign

No Pedestrian Height
Restriction Sign No Bus Allowed
Allowed Sign Sign
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 Length No Left Turn No Right Turn
Restriction Sign Sign Sign

Excessive Left Turn No Stopping

Noise Ahead Sign
Prohibited Sign Prohibited Sign

Right Turn
Unauthorized
Ahead
Vehicles
Prohibited Sign No U Turn Sig
Prohibited Sign

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Mandatory Signs
Mandatory / Obligatory signs are round and in blue color

Bus Only Sign

Speed Limit
Sign

Maximum Taxi Only Sign

Gross Weight
Sign

Pedestrians
Only Sign Pay Toll Sign

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 Keep Left Sign Switch Head
Lamps On Sign

Keep Right
Sign Roundabout
Sign

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Information, Facilities or Service Sign

Hospital Sign Parking Area Sign

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Pavement Markings
Functions and Limitations of Pavement Markings
> A system of clear and effective pavement markings is essential for the guidance and
control of vehicles and pedestrians. They take the form of lines, symbols, messages, or
numerals, and may be set into the surface of, applied upon, or attached to the
pavement.

> In some cases, pavement markings are used as a supplement to other traffic control
devices, such as traffic signals and road signs.

> In other instances, they may simply guide traffic or give advance warning, or they may
impose restrictions supported by traffic regulations

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Pavement markings have some definite limitations:

A. They are subject to traffic wear and require proper maintenance.

B. They may not be clearly visible if the road is wet or dusty
C. They may be obscured by traffic
D. Their effect on skid resistance requires careful choice of materials
E. They cannot be applied on unsealed roads.

> Despite these limitations, they have the advantage under favorable conditions of
conveying warning message or information to drivers without diverting their attention
from the road.

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> Markings shall only be applied and/or removed by the Department of Public
Works and Highways (DPWH) or an authority to which these powers are
delegated

> As in the case with all other traffic control devices, it is imperative that
markings be uniform so that they may be recognized and understood instantly
by all drivers.

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Types of Markings
1. Pavement and curb markings
A. Longitudinal lines are those laid in the direction of travel. These include Center Line, Lane Line,
Double Yellow Line, No Passing Zone markings, Pavement Edge Line, Continuity Lines, and Transition
Line.
B. Transverse lines are those laid across the direction of travel. These include Stop Line, Yield Lines, and
Pedestrian Crossing Markings
C. Other lines, which include Turn Lines, Parking Bays, Painted Median islands, and Bus and PUJ Lane
lines

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 2. Object Markings
A. Object within the roadway
B. Object adjacent to the roadway

3. Reflector Markings
A. Retro-reflector raised pavement markers
B. Hazard markers
C. Delineators

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Materials:

Road Markings should be of nonskid materials and should not protrude more than 6mm above
the level of the carriageway. Raised pavement markings should not protrude more than 15mm
above the level of the carriageway. The following are the commonly used materials for road
markings.
A. Paint
Paint with or without glass beads embedded or premixed can be applied either by hand or with line
marking machines. For proper reflectorization at night, the amount of glass beads should be no less
than 0.45kg and no more than 0.5kg per liter of mixed paint

B. Thermoplastic Materials
Use of thermoplastic materials with or without reflective properties is recommended at locations
subject to extreme traffic wear. The average service life of thermoplastic materials has been experienced
to be equivalent to eight times that of beaded traffic paints

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C. Precut sheeting
It is usually adhesive tape form, with aggregate, pigment, and plastic rubber combined on one side and
adhesive on the other

D. Raised Pavement Markers

These are studs of plastic, ceramic, aluminum, cast iron, etc. that are embedded into the
carriageway or attached to the road surface with adhesive. They may be reflective or nonreflective

COLOR:
the color of pavement markings shall be white, except for the alternative uses of yellow in the
following cases:
a. Double yellow no passing lines
b. Unbroken portion of no parking lines
c. Curb markings for prohibition of parking
d. On islands in line of traffic
e. Bus and PUJ lanes

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Types of Lines
> Broken Line
Shall consist of line segments of equal lengths separated by uniform gaps.

> Solid Unbroken Line

used where crossing of the line is either discouraged or prohibited.
Solid lines may be either yellow or white, depending whether crossing the line is legally prohibited
or not

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MESSAGES

Messages when used should be limited to as few words as possible, never more than three.
They shall only be used to supplement other traffic control devices.

Messages generally in use are STOP, KEEP CLEAR, SCHOOL, PED XING, RAILROAD XING, SIGNAL
AHEAD, NO RIGHT (LEFT) TURN, BUS LANE and PUJ LANE

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