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Digital Frequency Meter Overview

Digital frequency meters count the number of oscillations that occur within a time interval to measure the frequency of a periodic signal to three decimal places. They operate by converting the sinusoidal voltage of the input frequency into a train of pulses, which are then counted and averaged over a time interval. The counting intervals and digital display are controlled by electronic gates and counters. Modern digital frequency meters can measure frequencies from 104 to 109 Hertz with relative errors between 10-9 to 10-11 Hertz and a sensitivity of 10-2 volts. They are used to test radio equipment and measure temperature, pressure, vibration, and transducers.

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26 views3 pages

Digital Frequency Meter Overview

Digital frequency meters count the number of oscillations that occur within a time interval to measure the frequency of a periodic signal to three decimal places. They operate by converting the sinusoidal voltage of the input frequency into a train of pulses, which are then counted and averaged over a time interval. The counting intervals and digital display are controlled by electronic gates and counters. Modern digital frequency meters can measure frequencies from 104 to 109 Hertz with relative errors between 10-9 to 10-11 Hertz and a sensitivity of 10-2 volts. They are used to test radio equipment and measure temperature, pressure, vibration, and transducers.

Uploaded by

Harsh Shukla
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Digital frequency measurement instruments

Digital Frequency Meter


Digital frequency meter is a general purpose instrument that displays the frequency
of a periodic electrical signal to an accuracy of three decimal places. It counts the
number events occurring within the oscillations during a given interval of time. As
the preset period gets completed, the value in the counter display on the screen
and the counter reset to zero. Various types of instruments are available which
operates at a fixed or variable frequency. But if any frequency meter operates at a
different frequency than specified range, it could carry out abnormally. For
measuring low frequencies, the deflection type meters are widely used. The
deflection of the pointer on the scale shows the change in frequency. The deflection
type instruments are of two types: one is electrically resonant circuits and other is
ratio meter.

Operating Principle of Digital Frequency Meter


A frequency meter has a small device which converts the sinusoidal voltage of the
frequency into a train of unidirectional pulses. The frequency of input signal is the
displayed count, averaged over a suitable counting interval out of 0.1, 1.0, or 10
seconds. These three intervals repeat themselves sequentially. As the ring counting
units resets, these pulses pass through the time-base-gate and then entered into
the main gate, which opens for a certain period of time interval. The time base gate
prevents a divider pulse from opening the main gate during the display time
interval. The main gate acts as a switch when the gate is open, pulses are allowed
to pass. When the gate is closed, pulses are not allowed to pass that means the flow
of pulses get obstructed. The functioning of the gate is operated by the main-gate
flip-flop. An electronic counter at the gate output that counts the number of pulses
passed through the gate while it was open. As the next divider pulse is received at
main gate flip-flop, the counting interval ends and divider pulses are locked out. The
resultant value displayed on a display screen which has the ring counting units of
scale-of-ten circuits and each unit is coupled to a numeric indicator, which provides
the digital display. As the reset pulse generator is triggered, ring counters get reset
automatically and the same procedure starts again.
The range of modern digital frequency meter is between the range from104 to
109 hertz. The possibility of relative measurement error ranges between from 10-
9 to 10-11 hertz and a sensitivity of 10-2 volt.

Use of Digital Frequency Meter


For testing radio equipment
Measuring the temperature, pressure, and other physical values.
Measuring vibration, strain
Measuring transducers
pH meter
A pH Meter is a scientific instrument that measures the hydrogen-ion concentration
(or pH) in a solution, indicating its acidity or alkalinity. The pH meter measures the
difference in electrical potential between a pH electrode and a reference electrode.
It usually has a glass electrode plus a calomel reference electrode, or a combination
electrode. In addition to measuring the pH of liquids, a special probe is sometimes
used to measure the pH of semi-solid substances.

Uses
Knowledge of pH to greater or lesser accuracy is useful or critical in a great many
situations, including of course chemical laboratory work. pH meters of various types
and quality can be used for soil measurements in agriculture; water quality for
water supply systems, swimming pools, etc.; brewing, industrially or domestically;
healthcare, to ensure that solutions are safe when applied to patients or lethal
as sterilants and disinfectants; and many other applications.

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