Drawing
Visual art with drawing instruments
Drawing
Drawing is another form of art.
The skills or concepts that will be exploring line, shape, proportion and perspective, light
and shadow
Presentation and finished drawing depends "artistic"
Drawing Tools
Pencil
Erasers
Paper
Brushes
Drawing / illustration board size
Pencil
Artists best friend
Influence the accuracy and appearance of a
drawing
Softer the lead the darker line
Pencils with B soft leads.
Pencils with H harder leads.
Grades range from 2 to 9
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F grade means Fine point.
Relatively hard, but have a very fine, sharpened point.
HB grade is half-way between hard and soft
B means bold or black
adds a lot of lead to the paper
creating darker shades.
H gradient are generally unused in pencil
portraiture
the lead is too hard to manipulate on the paper.
Pencil Drawing Techniques
The Outline
Hatching
Cross-Hatching
Stipping
Back and Forth Stroke
Scumbling
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The Outline
light outline or a heavy outline
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Hatching
marking out small lines bunched together to
create fill color
shading technique
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Cross-Hatching
same method of hatching
good way of adding darker shades
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Stipping
uses the same principle as hatching
But - very small, similar to tiny dashes
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Back and Forth Stroke
back and forth motion
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Scumbling
moving the pencil in small circular motions
keeping them all very compact
tight shading and blends very well.
Erasers
All erasers are not equal
Different erasers for different purposes
Most common erasers are white and pink
Pink erasers are harder
tend leave marks on the paper
damage the grain of the paper.
White erasers are soft and formulated for
pencil drawing.
Paper
Made out of a variety of materials
turning fibers into moldable pulp
originate from timber (wood) or cotton
Higher quality papers are made entirely from cotton
and/or linen fibers
resistant to chemical break-down over time.
commonly referred to as Rag paper.
There are different types of paper made to be used
with different mediums.
Paper designed to be used with pencil is commonly
known as Cartridge paper
Purchased in different sizes, weights and textures.
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Paper sizes
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Paper Weights
weighed in two ways - in pounds (in the US), and in
g/m2
weight determined at the pulping stage of the paper
Sketch paper - thinnest, lightest paper, varying from
30 to 60 lbs
Watercolor or printmaking paper - thickest, heaviest
paper 90 and 140 lbs.
Graphite or charcoal drawing paper - 70 and 100 lbs.
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Paper Texture
surface texture referred to as tooth
tooth is produced according to the process
Cold press,
Hot-press and
Rough
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Cold press Papers
unheated cylinders
Hot-press Papers
heated cylinders
Rough Papers
not produced by cylindrical pressing
flat-pressed mechanically or not pressed
very heavy tooth
Brushes
Most important tool for painting
Produce a unique mark, line or stroke
Brushes used in oil and acrylic painting
Start with a basic set of bristle brushes
Available in shapes, sizes and price ranges
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Anatomy of Brush
bristles - also known as hairs. can be natural, synthetic, or combination of both
ferrule - the silvery bit that connects the bristles with the handle
crimp - the part of the ferrule that secures it to the handle
handle - usually made of wood or acrylic
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Basic Brush Types
Bristle:
generally made out of hog's hair.
stiff and springy
especially suited for oil painting
durable in use with heavy oil paint, textured canvas and
harsh solvents like turpentine.
Sable:
soft and springy
suitable for watercolor
useful in blending or for small finishing details.
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Synthetic:
economical alternative to natural bristle brushes
lose their shape quickly due to heavy paint on textured canvas
Palette Knife:
Generally a metal knife with a thin flexible blade
used for mixing, scraping, or applying paint
House Painting Brush:
used for covering large areas quickly
used in raw canvas.
manufactured with natural and syntactic bristles
Toothbrushes:
old toothbrushes can be used
flicking the bristles toward the painting
little droplets - speckled effects
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Basic Brushes Shape Chart
Drawing / illustration board
One side of illustration board is suitable
Backside features a heavy board for support
Selection - depends on the size of drawing paper
Drawing board size recommended by Bureau of Indian
Standards (B.I.S)
Standard size of Drawing boards
Designation
Size (mm)
B0
1500 1000
B1
1000 700
B2
700 500
B3
500 350
B4
50 350