Sampling:*Aqua.
c*
Macroinvertebrates*
Using&the&Surber&Sampler&*
Must*be*taken*from*shallow*
ries*and/or*runs.**
Because*owing*water*carries*
macroinvertebrates*into*the*
[Link]*net*as*the*benthos*
is*disturbed.*
This*sampling*device*requires*
specic*velocity*and*depth*
[Link]*to*work*properly.**
Surber&Sampler&*
Samplers*of*dierent*sizes*can*accommodate*
dierent*[Link]*
Larger*samplers*can*be*used*in*deeper*areas,*smaller*
samplers*[Link]*work*beIer*in*shallow*
headwater*streams*with*low*velocity.**
Sampling*using*the*[Link]*Surber*
Sampler.**
*
General&Field&Collec8on&Protocol&*
*
Choose&the&Sampling&Loca8ons:&&
1. An*appropriate*rie*must*be*chosen*in*the*reach.**
2. Shallow*runs*can*be*chosen*if*ries*are*not*present*or*cannot*be*
sampled.*
3. Stream*depth*must*be*equal*to*or*lower*than*the*height*of*the*
surber*sampler*but*the*stream*must*also*be*deep*enough*that*
water*can*ow*into*the*sampler.*
4. Stream*velocity*must*be*adequate*for*water*to*pull*dislodged*
organisms*into*the*net.*The*actual*[Link]*in*the*rie*must*be*
chosen*at*random.*A*random*number*table*can*be*used*to*pick*
coordinates*in*the*rie*for*the*exact*sampling*[Link].**
5. If*the*[Link]*chosen*does*not*meet*the*standards*required*for*
sampling,*another*site*must*be*chosen.*It*is*more*important*that*
the*sampling*procedure*be*done*appropriately*and*consistently*
across*all*samples.**
Set&the&Surber&Sampler:&&
1. The*base*of*the*sampler*(all*the*way*around)*
(Figure*1)*must*be*rmly*against*or*
embedded*into*the*substrate.**
2. If*space*exists*below*the*boIom*of*the*
frame,*[Link]*along*the*back*or*the*
sides,*organisms*dislodged*from*the*benthos*
may*not*be*captured*and*diversity*and/or*
abundance*may*be*[Link].**
Ini8al&Benthic&Disturbance&&
1. When*the*sampler*is*rmly*on*the*boIom,*one*or*two*
individuals*(depending*on*sampler*size)*will*disturb*the*
streambed*in*the*area*inside*the*samplers*frame.**
2. Each*large*rock*must*be*individually*cleaned*of*all*
invertebrates.*This*can*be*done*by*hand*or*with*a*kitchen*
scrub*brush.*It*is*important*to*make*sure*that*dislodged*
individuals*either*ow*into*the*net*or*are*cleaned*directly*
into*the*net.*
3. *OWen,*it*is*best*to*clean*the*rocks*while*holding*them*in*
the*net*of*the*sampler.*Each*large*rock*should*be*visually*
inspected*to*make*sure*that*all*organisms*are*removed.**
*
Final&Benthic&Disturbance:&&
1. AWer*large*rocks*on*the*streambed*surface*are*cleaned*and*
removed,*the*remaining*ner*substrates*should*be*disturbed*by*
hand*or*with*some*sort*of*tool*(hammer*claw,*screwdrives,*etc.).*
2. The*benthos*is*disturbed*to*a*set*depth*(usually*a*few*inches)*
depending*on*the*[Link]*of*the*benthos.*The*overall*
depth*that*the*streambed*is*disturbed*will*vary*depending*on*the*
site*[Link].*
3. *The*sampling*depth*should*remain*constant*across*all*sites*and*
throughout*the*project.*Armored*streams*require*greater*
sampling*depths.*However,*benthic*invertebrates*will*not*be*
carried*into*the*sampling*net*from*deep*holes.**
4. When*working*in*urban*streams,*be*careful*about*disturbing*the*
substrate*by*hand*because*sharp*objects*such*as*glass*(and*even*
hypodermic*needles)*may*exist*in*the*substrate.**
Using&the&D?net&/&Kick?net&Sampling&*
*
General&Protocol&Field&Collec8on&*
Sampling*Ries*Using*the*Kick*Method**
*
Choose&the&Sampling&Loca8ons:&&
1. An*appropriate*rie*must*be*chosen*in*the*
reach.**
2. Stream*depth*must*be*equal*to*or*lower*than*
the*height*of*the*D^net.**
3. Also,*velocity*must*be*adequate*for*water*to*
pull*dislodged*organisms*into*the*net.**
4. The*actual*[Link]*in*the*rie*must*be*
chosen*at*random.**
Set&the&D?net&Sampler:&&
1. The*net*is*placed*along*the*stream*boIom*
(so*nothing*escapes*below*the*boIom*of*the*
net).**
2. It*is*important*to*make*sure*that*when*
stream^bed*[Link]*are*large,*the*boIom*of*
the*D^net*frame*is*between*the*substrates*
and*the*[Link]*width*of*the*net*is*in*contact*
with*the*stream*bed.**
Benthic&Disturbance:&&
1. The*benthos*is*disturbed*by*the*substrate*with*your*feet*while*
holding*the*net*downstream.*
2. *Because*ow*carries*benthic*organisms*into*the*net*(again),*
kicking*should*be*done*primarily*towards*and*away*from*the*net*
(longitudinally,*with*stream*ow)*to*ensure*that*dislodged*
invertebrates*do*not*ow*to*the*side*of*the*D^net.*
3. In*order*to*make*the*sampling*semi^[Link],*kicking*is*done*
for*a*xed*.me*and*in*an*[Link]*xed*area.*For*example,*a*
certain*length*of*stream*(one*meter*is*a*good*length)*is*sampled*
at*the*width*of*the*sampler.**
4. Do*not*sample*wider*than*the*nets*width.*The*amount*of*kicking*
.me*will*depend*on*the*benthic*[Link].*For*example,*armored*
streams*require*more*sampling*.me*while*sandy*boIom*streams*
require*very*liIle*.me*to*thoroughly*disturb*the*benthos.**
Sampling*[Link]*Water*Areas*Using*the*Modied*Jab*
Sampling*Method*(Nets)**