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BCG's TSR and TBR: Shareholder Value Insights

BCG has defined two metrics for measuring shareholder value: TSR and TBR. TSR measures total shareholder returns based on dividends, share price changes, and cash flows to investors. TBR measures returns from the perspective of a business division based on free cash flow and equity value changes. BCG also advocates measuring corporate profitability using CFROI, which corrects for subjective accounting by assessing a firm's actual economic returns based on net operating profit and gross investment adjusted for depreciation and inflation. CFROI is preferred over EVA as it makes inflationary adjustments to assets and uses a consistent gross investment measure.

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145 views2 pages

BCG's TSR and TBR: Shareholder Value Insights

BCG has defined two metrics for measuring shareholder value: TSR and TBR. TSR measures total shareholder returns based on dividends, share price changes, and cash flows to investors. TBR measures returns from the perspective of a business division based on free cash flow and equity value changes. BCG also advocates measuring corporate profitability using CFROI, which corrects for subjective accounting by assessing a firm's actual economic returns based on net operating profit and gross investment adjusted for depreciation and inflation. CFROI is preferred over EVA as it makes inflationary adjustments to assets and uses a consistent gross investment measure.

Uploaded by

Adhitya
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • BCG Approach

BCG Approach

BCG has come up with an approach to shareholder value management and defined
two metrics namely
TSR and TBR

1. TSR- Total Shareholder Returns

TSR measures the full returns earned by shareholders from owning a


stock over a period of time. TSR can be calculated as follows:

TSR = Dividend per share +(Ending share price-Beginning share


price)/Beginning share price

TSR is Internal rate of return(IRR) of all cash flows paid to investors


during particular period

But this SHAREHOLDER VALUE APPROACH has come under increasing


scrutiny in recent years. It is argued that the approach encourage
managers to put interests of shareholders above those of other
stakeholders.

This approach makes the manager to focus on managing quarterly


earnings(Short term) at the expense of sustainable value(long term)

2. TBR Total Business Returns

While TSR measures the returns from companys shareholders


perspective, TBR measures the returns from business divisional or
Strategic Business Unit(SBU) perspective. TBR is calculated as follows
TBR = (Free Cash flow)/(Beginning equity value) + (Ending equity
value Beginning Equity value)/Beginning equity value
TBR is internal equivalent of TSR

3. CFROI

Corporate financial statements can be misleading. Companies typically


employ subjective accounting methods such as depreciation and offbalance sheet items which misrepresent the true profitability of the
firm.
The HOLT methodology corrects the subjectivity by converting income
statement and balance sheet into a CFROI return, a measure that
closely look into companys underlying economics.
CFROI is proxy for companys economic return. CFROI is calculated as
follows:
CFROI = (Gross Cash flow- Economic Depreciation)/Gross Investment
Gross cash flow is (NOPAT+ Accounting Depreciation)
Gross Investment is (Net asset value + Accumulated Depreciation +
Current dollar adjustment)
CFROI for a firm is IRR on existing investments based upon real cash
flows. CFROI should be compared to real cost of capital to make
judgments about the quality of investments

4. CFROI versus EVA

CFROI is a % measure while EVA is absolute dollar value


CFROI makes inflationary adjustments on the assets but EVA does not.
EVA uses Net fixed assets which is not a consistent measure. When the
new assets are employed, depreciation amount for those assets will be
higher, resulting in less EVA value and as on when the assets become
older, correspondingly EVA will become higher.
But CFROI uses Gross Investment which makes inflationary
adjustments.

References
1. [Link]
2. [Link]
3. Strategic Financial Management textbook by Prasanna
Chandra

BCG Approach BCG has come up with an approach to shareholder value management and defined two metrics namely TSR and TBR 1.
 Corporate financial statements can be misleading. Companies typically employ subjective accounting methods such as deprecia

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