Duncan Compton
10/5/16
Lab section 26
Lab Homework #3
The citation format for our lab manual and subsequently the format I will be using is
rather simple and straight forward. For in text citations you simply use the last name of the
author followed by the year of publication. In cases where there are two authors we are to cite
both authors last names, however at three or more authors you only use the first authors name
followed by et. al meaning and others. An example for in text citation based off of the article
I submitted for section one of this homework would be (Ni et. al (2016). We then include a
literature citation section to provide a full citation for our article. This citation is to include the
names of all authors regardless of the number per article. In this format we substitute the first and
middle names with the first and middle initials, only using the full last name. The name is then
followed by the publication year, title of the article, the name of the journal, and the page
number(s) that the article can be found within the journal. These citations are to use hanging
indentations. An example of what one of these citations would look like based off of my article
would be.
X Ni, W Song, H Zhang, X Yang, L Wang (2016) Effects of Mulching on Soil Properties and
Growth of Tea Olive (Osmanthusfragrans). PLoS ONE 11(8): e0158228.
doi:10.1371/[Link].0158228 [No pager numbers provided as this is an internet
journal]
Section 3: Paraphrasing
Phospholipid bilayers appear when lipid molecules align as paired sheets with the hydrophobic
tails interacting with each other and the hydrophilic heads interacting with the water around
them. Lipid bilayers are selectively permeable structures the help regulate the flow of solutes
from either side. This selective permeability allows only specific molecules and relative amounts
of said molecules to pass across the bilayer into or out of the cells. The permeability of these
bilayers varies due to many different factors, which can cause changes in the effectiveness of
many systems. These variables include but are not limited to, temperature changes, cholesterol
levels, and the saturation of the hydrocarbon tails within the structure. Often times scientists will
create artificial bilayers to deepen our knowledge of the selective nature of these structures.
(Freeman et. al 2017)
S Freeman, K Quillin, L Allison, M Black, G Podgorski, E Taylor, J Carmichael
2017 Phospholipid Bilayers Pages 123-127 in Biological Science, Pearson
Education, Inc. New York, New York, USA