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Leaf Structure and Function Overview

The document discusses leaf structure and function. It begins by describing leaves as relatively short-lived organs that must balance photosynthesis needs with preventing water loss. It then covers the major parts of a leaf and differences between monocot and dicot leaves. The bulk of the document focuses on the process of photosynthesis within leaf tissues and the role of transpiration and stomata in gas exchange and water movement throughout plants. It concludes by giving examples of modified leaves that have evolved specialized structures to carry out functions beyond basic photosynthesis.

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edomin00
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5 views26 pages

Leaf Structure and Function Overview

The document discusses leaf structure and function. It begins by describing leaves as relatively short-lived organs that must balance photosynthesis needs with preventing water loss. It then covers the major parts of a leaf and differences between monocot and dicot leaves. The bulk of the document focuses on the process of photosynthesis within leaf tissues and the role of transpiration and stomata in gas exchange and water movement throughout plants. It concludes by giving examples of modified leaves that have evolved specialized structures to carry out functions beyond basic photosynthesis.

Uploaded by

edomin00
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Leaf%Structure%%

and%[Link]%
Chapter%34%

The%Leaf%
[Link]%short%lived%
High%metabolic%cost%
Ex.%maple%tree%

Compe..on%%
Large%surface%area:%%
good%for%photosynthesis%
bad%for%[Link]%

The%leaf%=%most%variable%plant%organ%

Carbon%[Link]%

Blade

Veins

Petiole

Axillary bud

Stipules

Stem

2%largest%classes%of%owering%plants:%
Monocots%and%Eudicots%%
What%is%a%cot?%
Cotyledon:%(seed%leaf):%%
part%of%the%embryo%within%the%seed;%
may%contain%food%stored%for%
[Link]%

Mono%

Di%

Monocots%vs.%Eudicots%%
Monocots,

Eudicots,

leaves%vary%in%shape,%(usually%
long%narrow%leaves%
broader%vs.%monocot)%
parallel%veins%
neUed,%nely%branched%veins%
grasses,%palms,%orchids,%
oaks,%roses,%cac.%
irises,%onions,%lilies%
blueberries,%sunowers%

The%leaf%=%most%variable%plant%organ%

Axillary bud

Axillary%buds%form%at%the%base%of%a%leaf%(both%simple%and%
compound),%but%never%at%the%base%of%leaets%

study parts

photosynthesis

Palisade
mesophyll
Vein
(vascular
bundle)
Spongy
mesophyll

Cuticle
Upper
epidermis

Bundle
sheath
Xylem
Phloem
Stoma
Lower
epidermis
Stoma

Guard cells

Palisade
mesophyll
Vein
(vascular
bundle)
Spongy
mesophyll

Cuticle
Upper
epidermis

Bundle
sheath
Xylem
Phloem
Stoma
Lower
epidermis
Stoma

Guard cells

Open

Closed

Pore

water moving into gard cells opens stomata


water moving out the grad closes the stomata
Guard
cells

Surrounding
cells

Stomatal%opening%and%closing%
Text

Stomatal%opening%and%closing%

loss%of%water%vapor%by%[Link]%
from%aerial%plant%parts%

99%%of%the%water%a%plant%
absorbs%from%soil%is%lost%
by%[Link]%(mostly%
through%open%stomata)%
Warm%temperature,%
light,%wind%and%dry%air%
increase%[Link]%%
Humid%air%decreases%
[Link]%

Tension Cohesion model

Water
molecules
Stem

Xylem
cells

Adhesion by
hydrogen bonding
Cell wall

Cohesion
by hydrogen
bonding

Cohesion and
adhesion in
the xylem
water is moving agains gravity

[Link]:%Temporary%[Link]%

In,the,late,a3ernoon,of,a,hot,day,,
the,leaves,have,wilted,because,of,
water,loss%

The,next,morning,,water,in,the,leaves,has,
been,replenished.,Transpira@on,is,negligible,
during,the,night,,and,the,plants,recover,by,
absorbing,water,from,the,soil.,

Turgor,pressure,
(water%pressure)%
provides%plant%
support%%
The%uid%within%the%
central%vacuole%of%a%
plant%creates%
pressure%against%
cell%wall%
Z%aids%in%structural%
support%%

[Link]%is%[Link]%for%water%movement%and%
[Link]%of%[Link]%minerals%throughout%the%plant%

the general fuction of leafs are the process of photosynthesis

Modied%Leaves%

BractsB,leaves%that%look%like%owers%%
(poinse[a,%dogwood)%surround%small%ower%clusters%%

Modied%Leaves%

BulbsB,short%stem%with%eshy%leaves%

Modied%Leaves%

minimanize surface area

Succulent,leavesB,water%storage%%
(waxy,%spherical%to%prevent%water%loss)%%

Modied%Leaves%

Bud,scalesB%
[Link]%of%meristema.c%.ssue%during%winter%

Modied%Leaves%

TendrilsZ%support%for%climbing%plants%%
(pea%plant)%

Modied%Leaves%

SpinesZ%defense%%
(stem%of%cactus%is%photosynthe.c)%%

Asexual reproduction

Modied%Leaves%

Mother%of%Thousands%

Modied%Leaves%
Guard cells of
sunken stoma

Epidermis and cuticle

Resin duct
Endodermis
Xylem

Vascular
Phloem bundle
Mesophyll cell
(photosynthetic
parenchyma cell)

Needles:%The%thick,%waxy%[Link]%and%sunken%stomata%are%two%structural%%
[Link]%that%enable%pine%to%retain%its%needles%throughout%the%winter.%
Also,%low%surface%area%to%prevent%[Link]%of%water%from%the%needles%%

Pitcher%plants%%

less eficiciency at photosynthesis

Sundews%

Venus%y%traps%

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