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Series RLC Circuit Analysis and Response

1. The document analyzes series RLC circuits by applying Kirchhoff's voltage law to derive the differential equation that describes the circuit. 2. It derives the second order differential equation as L(di/dt) + Ri + (1/C)∫i(t)dt = 0. 3. The document defines the constants alpha and omega_0 that characterize the circuit's response as being under-damped, critically damped, or over-damped depending on the relationship between alpha and omega_0.

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Abdallah Irfaan Ramjan
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8 views3 pages

Series RLC Circuit Analysis and Response

1. The document analyzes series RLC circuits by applying Kirchhoff's voltage law to derive the differential equation that describes the circuit. 2. It derives the second order differential equation as L(di/dt) + Ri + (1/C)∫i(t)dt = 0. 3. The document defines the constants alpha and omega_0 that characterize the circuit's response as being under-damped, critically damped, or over-damped depending on the relationship between alpha and omega_0.

Uploaded by

Abdallah Irfaan Ramjan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ANALYSIS

Numerical + Graphical method


In order to derive these equations, some graphs were considered.
Series RLC circuits

Fig.1: series RLC

circuits

In order to obtain the


the RLC circuit series,
(KVL) was first applied to

differential equations for


Kirchhoffs voltage law
the circuit.

From KVL,
VR + VL + VC = V (t)
Then the voltages in the
resistor R, the inductor L
and the capacitor C, are substituted in an equation to finally obtain the
differential equation:
Ri ( t ) + L

di 1
+
dt C

T =t

i ( t ) dT =v(t)

T =t

Ri ( t )
di
L
dt
1
C

1
C

1
R i (t ) dT
V
C

T =t

i (t ) dT

T =t

i (t ) dT

VL

1
C

T =t

i (t ) dT

VC

Which leads to a second order differential equation as follows:


When t=0,

di
1
+ Ri+ Q=0
dt
C

Where,
1
Q
C

1
c

T=t

i ( t ) dT

By eliminating Q and dividing by L,


d 2 i(t)
d t2
d 2 i(t)
d t2
Note:

and

R di(t)
L dt
di( t)

+ 2 dt

1
i=0
LC

2 1
+ 0 C i ( t )=0

are constants.

Angular frequency (rate of change of phase/sinusoidal waveform)


Neper frequency / attenuation (ratios of measurement of power
quantities and physical fields)

R
= 2L

1
LC

Response of the series RLC circuit


1 Under-damped circuit, < 0
2 critically-damped circuit
3 Over-damped circuit > 0
Under-damped: Vn (t) = (A1 cos t + A2 sin t) e- t
Critically-damped: Vn (t) = (A1+ A2t) e- t
Over-damped: Vn (t) = A1

e s t + A2
1

es t
2

Vf (t) = V () = Vs

This graph illustrates under-damping and overdamping responses of a series


RLC circuit. The critical-damping is represented by the bold red curve. These
curves are mainly for values of: L=1, C=1 and =1.
o

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