LAB 3
set a 0
set b 1
puts " How many terms do you want
from the Fibonacci series?"
gets stdin n
set i 1
while { $i <= $n } {
puts $a
set c [expr { $a + $b }]
set a $b
set b $c
set i [expr {$i + 1}]
}
exit
LAB 4
set fb [open "[Link]" "w"]
set a 0
set b 1
puts " How many terms do you want
from the Fibonacci series?"
gets stdin n
set i 1
while { $i <= $n } {
puts $a
puts $fb $a
set c [expr { $a + $b }]
set a $b
set b $c
set i [expr {$i +1}]
}
close $fb
exit
LAB 7
set ns [new Simulator]
set nf [open [Link] w]
$ns namtrace-all $nf
proc finish {} {
global ns nf
$ns flush-trace
close $nf
exec nam [Link] &
exit 0
}
set n0 [$ns node]
set n1 [$ns node]
$ns duplex-link $n0 $n1 1Mb 10ms DropTail
#Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n0
set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0
# Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to
udp0
set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr0 set packetSize_ 5000
$cbr0 set interval_ 0.05
$cbr0 attach-agent $udp0
set null0 [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $n1 $null0
$ns connect $udp0 $null0
$ns at 0.5 "$cbr0 start"
$ns at 4.5 "$cbr0 stop"
$ns at 5.0 "finish"
$ns run
LAB 6
proc fact {val} {
set result 1
while {$val>0} {
set result [expr $result*$val]
set val [expr $val-1]
}
#puts $result
return $result
}
puts "Please enter the number for
finding the factorial"
gets stdin val
puts [fact $val]
LAB 8
set ns [new Simulator]
set nf [open [Link] w]
$ns namtrace-all $nf
proc finish {} {
global ns nf
$ns flush-trace
close $nf
exec nam [Link] &
exit 0
}
set n0 [$ns node]
set n1 [$ns node]
$ns duplex-link $n0 $n1 1Mb 10ms DropTail
#Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n0
set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0
# Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to
udp0
set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr0 set packetSize_ 500
$cbr0 set interval_ 0.005
$cbr0 attach-agent $udp0
set null0 [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $n1 $null0
$ns connect $udp0 $null0
$ns at 0.5 "$cbr0 start"
$ns at 4.5 "$cbr0 stop"
$ns at 5.0 "finish"
$ns run
LAB 5
set fb [open "[Link]" "r"]
while {-1 != [gets $fb a]} {
puts $a
}
exit
LAB 9
#Create a simulator object
set ns [new Simulator]
#Define different colors for data flow (For NAM)
$ns color 1 Blue
$ns color 2 Red
#Open the NAM trace file
set nf [open [Link] w]
$ns namtrace-all $nf
#Define a finish procedure
proc finish {} {
global ns nf
$ns flush-trace
#Close the NAM trace file
close $nf
#Execute NAM on the trace file
exec nam [Link] &
exit 0
}
#Create four nodes
set n0 [$ns node]
set n1 [$ns node]
set n2 [$ns node]
set n3 [$ns node]
#Create links between the nodes
$ns duplex-link $n0 $n2 2Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 2Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n2 $n3 1.7Mb 20ms DropTail
#Set Queue Size of link (n2-n3) to 10
$ns queue-limit $n2 $n3 10
#Give node position (For NAM)
$ns duplex-link-op $n0 $n2 orient right-down
$ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n2 orient right-up
$ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 orient right
#Monitor the queue for link (n2-n3). (For NAM)
$ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 queuePos 0.5
#Setup a TCP Connection
set tcp [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp set class_ 2
$ns attach-agent $n0 $tcp
set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns attach-agent $n3 $sink
$ns connect $tcp $sink
$tcp set fid_ 1
#Setup a FTP over TCP connection
set ftp [new Application/FTP]
$ftp attach-agent $tcp
$ftp set type_ FTP
#Setup a UDP connection
set udp [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n1 $udp
set null [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $n3 $null
$ns connect $udp $null
$udp set fid_ 2
#Setup CBR over UDP connection
set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr attach-agent $udp
$cbr set type_ CBR
$cbr set packet_size_ 1000
$cbr set rate_ 1mb
$cbr set random_ false
#Schedule events for the CBR and FTP agents
$ns at 0.1 "$cbr start"
$ns at 1.0 "$ftp start"
$ns at 4.0 "$ftp stop"
$ns at 4.5 "$cbr stop"
#Detach tcp and sink agents (not really
necessary)
$ns at 4.5 "$ns detach-agent $n0 $tcp ; $ns
detach-agent $n3 $sink"
#Call the finish procedure after 5 seconds of
simulation time
$ns at 5.0 "finish"
#Print CBR packet size and interval
puts "CBR packet size = [$cbr set
packet_size_]"
puts "CBR interval = [$cbr set interval_]"
#Run the simulation
$ns run
LAB 10
#Create a simulator object
set ns [new Simulator]
#Open the output files
set f0 [open [Link] w]
set f1 [open [Link] w]
set f2 [open [Link] w]
#Create 5 nodes
set n0 [$ns node]
set n1 [$ns node]
set n2 [$ns node]
set n3 [$ns node]
set n4 [$ns node]
#Connect the nodes
$ns duplex-link $n0 $n3 1Mb 100ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n1 $n3 1Mb 100ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n2 $n3 1Mb 100ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n3 $n4 1Mb 100ms DropTail
#Define a 'finish' procedure
proc finish {} {
global f0 f1 f2
#Close the output files
close $f0
close $f1
close $f2
#Call xgraph to display the results
exec xgraph [Link] [Link] [Link] -geometry 800x400 &
exit 0
}
#Define a procedure that attaches a UDP agent to a previously created node
#'node' and attaches an Expoo traffic generator to the agent with the
#characteristic values 'size' for packet size 'burst' for burst time,
#'idle' for idle time and 'rate' for burst peak rate. The procedure connects
#the source with the previously defined traffic sink 'sink' and returns the
#source object.
proc attach-expoo-traffic { node sink size burst idle rate } {
#Get an instance of the simulator
set ns [Simulator instance]
#Create a UDP agent and attach it to the node
set source [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $node $source
#Create an Expoo traffic agent and set its configuration parameters
set traffic [new Application/Traffic/Exponential]
$traffic set packetSize_ $size
$traffic set burst_time_ $burst
$traffic set idle_time_ $idle
$traffic set rate_ $rate
# Attach traffic source to the traffic generator
$traffic attach-agent $source
#Connect the source and the sink
$ns connect $source $sink
return $traffic
}
#Define a procedure which periodically records the bandwidth received by the
#three traffic sinks sink0/1/2 and writes it to the three files f0/1/2.
proc record {} {
global sink0 sink1 sink2 f0 f1 f2
#Get an instance of the simulator
set ns [Simulator instance]
#Set the time after which the procedure should be called again
set time 0.5
#How many bytes have been received by the traffic sinks?
set bw0 [$sink0 set bytes_]
set bw1 [$sink1 set bytes_]
set bw2 [$sink2 set bytes_]
#Get the current time
set now [$ns now]
#Calculate the bandwidth (in MBit/s) and write it to the files
puts $f0 "$now [expr $bw0/$time*8/1000000]"
puts $f1 "$now [expr $bw1/$time*8/1000000]"
puts $f2 "$now [expr $bw2/$time*8/1000000]"
#Reset the bytes_ values on the traffic sinks
$sink0 set bytes_ 0
$sink1 set bytes_ 0
$sink2 set bytes_ 0
#Re-schedule the procedure
$ns at [expr $now+$time] "record"
}
#Create three traffic sinks and attach them to the node n4
set sink0 [new Agent/LossMonitor]
set sink1 [new Agent/LossMonitor]
set sink2 [new Agent/LossMonitor]
$ns attach-agent $n4 $sink0
$ns attach-agent $n4 $sink1
$ns attach-agent $n4 $sink2
#Create three traffic sources
set source0 [attach-expoo-traffic $n0 $sink0 200 2s 1s 100k]
set source1 [attach-expoo-traffic $n1 $sink1 200 2s 1s 200k]
set source2 [attach-expoo-traffic $n2 $sink2 200 2s 1s 300k]
LAB 10 Cont..
#Start logging the received bandwidth
$ns at 0.0 "record"
#Start the traffic sources
$ns at 10.0 "$source0 start"
$ns at 10.0 "$source1 start"
$ns at 10.0 "$source2 start"
#Stop the traffic sources
$ns at 50.0 "$source0 stop"
$ns at 50.0 "$source1 stop"
$ns at 50.0 "$source2 stop"
#Call the finish procedure after 60 seconds simulation time
$ns at 60.0 "finish"
#Run the simulation
$ns run
LAB 11
# [Link]
# A simple example for wireless simulation
# Define options
========================================================
set val(chan)
Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type
set val(prop)
Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation
model
set val(netif)
Phy/WirelessPhy
;# network interface type
set val(mac)
Mac/802_11
;# MAC type
set val(ifq)
Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue type
set val(ll)
LL
;# link layer type
set val(ant)
Antenna/OmniAntenna
;# antenna model
set val(ifqlen)
50
;# max packet in ifq
set val(nn)
2
;# number of mobilenodes
set val(rp)
DSDV
;# routing protocol
========================================================
#Main Program
========================================================
# Initialize Global Variables
set ns_
[new Simulator]
set tracefd [open [Link] w]
$ns_ trace-all $tracefd
# set up topography object
set topo
[new Topography]
$topo load_flatgrid 500 500
# Create God
create-god $val(nn)
# Create the specified number of mobilenodes [$val(nn)] and "attach"
them
# to the channel.
# Here two nodes are created : node(0) and node(1)
# configure node
$ns_ node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \
-llType $val(ll) \
-macType $val(mac) \
-ifqType $val(ifq) \
-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \
-antType $val(ant) \
-propType $val(prop) \
-phyType $val(netif) \
-channelType $val(chan) \
-topoInstance $topo \
-agentTrace ON \
-routerTrace ON \
-macTrace OFF \
-movementTrace OFF
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} {
set node_($i) [$ns_ node]
$node_($i) random-motion 0
;
# disable random motion
}
# Provide initial (X,Y, for now Z=0) co-ordinates for mobilenodes
$node_(0) set X_ 5.0
$node_(0) set Y_ 2.0
$node_(0) set Z_ 0.0
$node_(1) set X_ 390.0
$node_(1) set Y_ 385.0
$node_(1) set Z_ 0.0
# Now produce some simple node movements
# Node_(1) starts to move towards node_(0)
$ns_ at 50.0 "$node_(1) setdest 25.0 20.0 15.0"
$ns_ at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest 20.0 18.0 1.0"
# Node_(1) then starts to move away from node_(0)
$ns_ at 100.0 "$node_(1) setdest 490.0 480.0 15.0"
# Setup traffic flow between nodes
# TCP connections between node_(0) and node_(1)
set tcp [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp set class_ 2
set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $sink
$ns_ connect $tcp $sink
set ftp [new Application/FTP]
$ftp attach-agent $tcp
$ns_ at 10.0 "$ftp start"
LAB 11 Cont..
# Tell nodes when the simulation ends
for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} {
$ns_ at 150.0 "$node_($i) reset";
}
$ns_ at 150.0 "stop"
$ns_ at 150.01 "puts \"NS EXITING...\" ; $ns_ halt"
proc stop {} {
global ns_ tracefd
$ns_ flush-trace
close $tracefd
}
puts "Starting Simulation..."
$ns_ run