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Lines and Angles: Key Concepts & Definitions

This document defines key terms and concepts related to lines and angles in mathematics. It defines a line, line segment, and ray and explains properties such as collinear and non-collinear points. It also defines an angle and its components such as arms and vertex. Various angle types are defined such as complementary, supplementary, adjacent, vertically opposite, corresponding, alternate interior, and alternate exterior angles. Properties of angles and lines intersecting or being parallel are described, as well as angle sums in triangles. Diagrams are provided to illustrate these geometric shapes and relationships.

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6 views5 pages

Lines and Angles: Key Concepts & Definitions

This document defines key terms and concepts related to lines and angles in mathematics. It defines a line, line segment, and ray and explains properties such as collinear and non-collinear points. It also defines an angle and its components such as arms and vertex. Various angle types are defined such as complementary, supplementary, adjacent, vertically opposite, corresponding, alternate interior, and alternate exterior angles. Properties of angles and lines intersecting or being parallel are described, as well as angle sums in triangles. Diagrams are provided to illustrate these geometric shapes and relationships.

Uploaded by

gaurav
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1

IX
Mathematics
Ch 6: Lines and Angles
Chapter Notes
Top Definitions
1.

A line segment is a part of a line which has two end points.

2.

A ray is a part of a line which has only one end point.

3.

A line is a breadth less length which has no end point.

4.

Three or more points when lie on the same line are called collinear points.

5.

Three or more points when dont lie on a straight line are called non
collinear points.

6.

An angle is formed when two rays originate from the same end point.

7.

The rays making an angle are called the arms of the angle.

8.

The end point from the two rays forming the angle originate is called the
vertex of the angle.

9.

Two angles whose sum is 90 are called complementary angles.

10.

Two angles whose sum is 180 are called supplementary angles.

11.

Two angles are adjacent, if they have a common vertex, a common arm
and their noncommon arms are on different sides of the common arm.

12.

If a ray stands on a line, then the sum of the two adjacent angles so
formed is 180 and vice verse. This property is called as the linear pair
axiom.

13.

The vertically opposite angles formed when two lines intersect each other.
There are two pairs of vertically opposite angles.

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14.

A line which intersects two or more lines at distinct points is called a


transversal.

Corresponding angles:

(i)

1 and 5

(ii)

2 and 6

(iii)

4 and 8

(iv)

3 and 7

(ii)

3 and 5

(ii)

2 and 8

b
(i)
c
(i)
d
(i)

Alternate interior angles:

4 and 6
Alternate exterior angles:

1 and 7

Interior angles on the same side of the transversal:

4 and 5

(ii)

3 and 6

Top Concepts
1.

If a ray stands on a line, then the sum of two adjacent angles so formed
is 180.

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3
2.

If the sum of two adjacent angles is 180, then the non common arms
of the angles form a line.

3.

If two lines intersect each other, then the vertically opposite angles are
equal.

4.

If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then


a. Each pair of corresponding angles is equal.
b. Each pair of alternate interior angles is equal.
c. Each pair of interior angles on the same side of the transversal is
supplementary.

5.

If a transversal intersects two lines such that a pair of interior angles on


the same side of the transversal is supplementary, then the two lines are
parallel.

6.

If two lines are parallel to the same line, will they be parallel to each
other.

7.

Lines which are parallel to the same line are parallel to each other.

8.

The sum of the angles of a triangle is 180.

9.

If a side of a triangle is produced, then the exterior angle so formed is


equal to the sum of the two interior opposite angles.

10.

In exterior angle of a triangle is greater then either of its interior opposite


angles.

11.

If a side of a triangle is produced, the exterior angle so formed is equal to


the sum of the two interior opposite angles.

Top Diagrams
1.

A line

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4
2.

A ray

3.

A line segment

4.

Intersecting and non intersecting lines.

(i) Intersecting lines


5.

(ii) Nonintersecting (parallel) lines

ABD and DBC are linear pair of angles

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6.

Types of Angles

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