Session 10
Threaded Fasteners
TOPICS
Introduction
Thread terminology
Thread drawing and dimensioning
Threaded fastener
Introduction
FASTENING TYPE
1. Permanent
Welding
Gluing
Riveting
FASTENING TYPE
2. Temporary
2.1 Threaded fastener
- bolts
- studs
- screws
2.2 Non-threaded fastener
- keys
- pin
key
THREAD APPLICATION
1. To hold parts together.
2. To move part(s) relative to others.
Part A
Part B
Part C
THREAD APPLICATION
1. To hold parts together.
2. To move part(s) relative to others.
Wood working vise
Palm fruit pressing machine
Thread Terminology
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
External (male)
thread
A thread cut on the outside of
Internal (female)
thread
A thread cut on the inside of
a cylindrical body.
a cylindrical body.
External thread
Internal thread
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Right-hand
thread
Thread that will assemble when
Left-hand
thread
Thread that will assemble when
turned clockwise.
turned counter-clockwise.
Turnbuckle use RH and LH thread at
each end to double displacement.
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Crest
The peak edge of a thread.
Root
The bottom of the thread cut into
a cylindrical body.
Thread angle
The angle between threads faces.
External Thread
Internal Thread
Thread angle
Root
Root
Crest
Crest
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
The largest diameter on
Major diameter
an internal or external thread.
The smallest diameter on
an internal or external thread.
Major dia.
Internal Thread
Major dia.
Minor dia.
External Thread
Minor dia.
Minor diameter
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Pitch
Lead
External Thread
Pitch
The distance between crests of
threads.
The distance a screw will advance
when turned 360o.
Internal Thread
Pitch
THREAD TERMINOLOGY
Thread Form
Form is the profile shape of the
thread.
Example :
knuckle thread form
EXTERNAL THREAD CUTTING
Tools
Threading Die
Die stock
Operation
INTERNAL THREAD CUTTING
Tools
Twist drill
Tap
Tap wrench
Operation
COMPARISON OF THREAD CUTTING
External Thread
Internal Thread
Minor Dia.
Major Dia.
Thread Drawing
THREAD REPRESENTATION
1. Detailed representation
2. Schematic representation
3. Simplified representation
DETAILED REPRESENTATION
Use slanting lines to represent crest and root.
Roots and crest are drawn in sharp Vs.
External thread
Thread runout
Pitch
60o
Internal thread
SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION
Use alternate long and short lines for representing
crests and roots of the thread, respectively.
External thread
Pitch
Root (thick line)
Crest (thin line)
Internal thread
SIMPLIFIED REPRESENTATION
Use thick continuous lines for representing crest
and thin continuous lines for representing root of
the thread, respectively.
External thread
Internal thread
Thread runout
Pitch/2
Root
Crest
ISO (METRIC) THREAD
Internal
thread
P/8
60o
P/4
External
thread
Pitch, P
Center of thread assembly
Thread assemble occurs if and only if both (internal & external)
thread have an equal nominal size (or diameter) and pitch.
METRIC COARSE THREAD
[Table 10.1]
Nominal
size
Major
diameter
Pitch
Minor
diameter
Tap drill size
M6
6.00
1.00
4.92
5.00
M8
8.00
1.25
6.65
6.75
M10
10.00
1.50
8.38
8.50
M12
12.00
1.75
10.11
10.00
Metric thread
Minor diameter Tap drill size
In thread drawing, the following relationship is used.
Minor diameter = Major diameter Pitch
METRIC FINE THREAD
[Table 10.2]
Nominal
size
M8
M10
Major
diameter
8.00
10.00
Pitch
Minor
diameter
Tap drill size
0.75
7.188
7.25
1.00
6.917
7.00
0.75
9.188
9.25
1.00
8.917
9.00
1.25
8.647
8.75
Minor diameter Tap drill size
In thread drawing, the following relationship is used.
Minor diameter = Major diameter Pitch
DRAWING STEPS OF
EXTERNAL THREAD
Draw an arc that
represents a root.
Draw
45o Chamfer
Draw
thread
axis
Minor
Major dia.
dia.
Draw a circle that
represents a crest.
Thread Length
Starting
position
Draw line making
30o with thread axis
DIMENSIONING EXTERNAL THREAD
Use local note to specify :- thread form, nominal size,
pitch (if it is a fine thread)
Use typical method to specify :- thread length.
M 10 1.5 Coarse thread
1.0 Fine thread
xx
Thread
length
Threaded Fastener
BOLT : Terminology
Bolt is a threaded cylinder with a head.
Thread length
Length
Hexagonal head
bolt and nut
Width
across flat
Head
thickness
BOLT : Drawing steps
B/2
B = 1.5 D
H = 0.67 D
Draw
body of a bolt
Draw
bolt
axis
Draw a
bolt head
30o
Major D
Draw an
end view
of the head
B/2
Length
Thread Length
Starting
position
NUT : Drawing steps
D
Draw an end view
of the nut
B/2
B = 1.5 D
H = 0.87 D
d = 0.85 D
B/2
Dash lines represent
a threaded hole are
omitted for clarity.
Activity 1
Thread length
Draw these hexagonal bolt
and nut M 20 x 1.25
where the bolt thread
length = 35 mm and its
length = 70 mm.
Length
Exercise 1
Draw the following object:
1- as it is (isometric).
2- as Oblique.
3- Then draw the three
views of it (1st angle).
4- Then draw the three
views of it (3rd angle)
Isometric
60mm
First angle
30
40m
m
mm
70
30
60mm
40m
m
mm
0
7
Front View
Top
View
40mm
Left
Side
View
60mm
60mm
70mm
30 or 45
30 or 45