GENERAL PHYSICS PH 221-3A (Dr. S.
Mirov)
Test 1 (09/14/09)
STUDENT NAME: __________KEY_________ STUDENT id #: ___________________________
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ALL QUESTIONS ARE WORTH 20 POINTS. WORK OUT FIVE PROBLEMS.
NOTE: Clearly write out solutions and answers (circle the answers) by section for each part (a., b., c., etc.)
Important Formulas:
1. Motion along a straight line with a constant acceleration
vaver. speed
[dist taken]/[time trav.]=S/t;
trav ]=S/t;
d = [dist.
[Link]. = x/t;
vins =dx/t;
aaver.= vaver. vel./t;
a = dv/t;
v = vo + at; x= 1/2(vo+v)t; x = vot + 1/2 at2; v2 = vo2 + 2ax (if xo=0 at to=0)
2. Free fall motion (with positive direction )
g = 9.80 m/s2;
y = vaver. t
vaver.= (v+vo)/2;
v = vo - gt; y = vo t - 1/2 g t2; v2 = vo2 2gy (if yo=0 at to=0)
3. Integration in Motion Analysis (non-constant acceleration)
v1 = v
t1
a d t
to
x1 = x
t1
vd t
to
4. Motion in a plane
vx = vo cos;
vy = vo sin;
x = vox t+ 1/2 ax t2; y = voy t + 1/2 ay t2; vx = vox + at; vy = voy + at;
5. Projectile motion (with positive direction )
vx = vox = vo cos;
x = vox t;
xmax = (2 vo2 sin cos)/g = (vo2 sin2)/g for yin = yfin;
vy = voy - gt = vo sin - gt;
y = voy t - 1/2 gt2;
6. Uniform circular Motion
a=v2/r,
T=2r/v
7. Relative motion
r
r
r
vPA = vPB + vBA
r
r
aPA = aPB
8. Component method of vector addition
A = A1 + A2 ; Ax= Ax1 + Ax2 and Ay = Ay1 + Ay2; A =
r r
Ax2 + Ay2 ; = tan-1 Ay /Ax;
The scalar product A a b =ab cos
r r
a b = (a xi + a y j + az k) (bxi + by j + bz k)
r r
a b =a x bx + a y by + a z bz
r r
a
The vector product b = ( a xi + a y j + a z k) (bxi + by j + bz k)
i
r r
r r
a b = b a = a x
bx
j
ay
by
k
ay
a z = i
by
bz
az
a
j x
bz
bx
= ( a y bz by a z )i + ( a z bx bz a x ) j + ( a x by bx a y )k
az a x
+k
bx
bz
ay
=
by
1. Starting at time t=0, an object moves along a straight line with velocity in m/s given by v(t)=98-2t2,
where t is in seconds. When it momentarily stops what will be its acceleration?
1) Time at which the object will stop corresponds to v = 0
98 2t 2 = 0;
0 t=7s
7
3) a =
dv
= 4t
dt
4) ffor tt=7s
7 a = 28 m
s2
2. At time t=0 a car has a velocity of 16 m/s. It slows down with an acceleration given by 0.50t, in m/s2 for t in seconds. At what instant of time it will stop?
t1
t1
t12 02
t12
v1 = vo + adt = 16 + (0.5t ) dt = 16 + ( + ) = 16 = 0
4 4
4
to
0
t1 = 8.0 s
3. At a stop light, a truck traveling at 15 m/s passes a car as it starts from rest. The truck travels
at constant velocity and the car accelerates at 3 m/s2. How much time does the car take to
catch up to the truck?
When the car catches up with the truck they both will have the same displacement
x with respect to the origin point (stop light), and it will take them the same time
t to reach this ppoint.
For the truck moving with constant speed v = 15m / s; x = vt
at 2
For the car moving with constant acceleration a from rest x = 0 +
2
2v 2 (15m / s )
at 2
=
= 10 s
Hence, vt =
and t =
2
(3m / s 2 )
a
4. A projectile is shot vertically upward with a given initial velocity. It reaches a maximum
height of 100m. If, on a second shot, the initial velocity is doubled then what will be the new
maximum height?
Given:
a) y1 = 100m; v1 f = 0; g = 9.8m / s 2
b) y2 = ?; v2 f = 0; g = 9.8m / s 2 ; v02 = 2v01
Solution
2
v01
0 = v 2 gy1 ; y1 =
= 100m
2g
2
01
2
4v01
= 400m
0 = 4v 2 gy2 ; y2 =
2g
2g
2
01
5. At time t=0 s, a puck is sliding on a horizontal table with a velocity 3.00 m/s, 65.0
above the +x axis. As the puck slides, a constant acceleration acts on it that has the
following components: ax=-0.460 m/s2 and ay=-0.980 m/s2. What is the velocity of the
puck at time t=1.50 s?
y
ay
vo
x
ax
x direction
x
?
vox
3.00cos65.0=1.268 m/s
vx
?
ax
-0.460 m/s2
t
1.5 s
v x = v ox + a x t = 1.268 m / s (0.460 m / s 2 ) (1.5 s ) = 0.578 m / s
y direction
y
?
voy
3.00sin65.0=2.720 m/s
vy
?
ax
-0.980 m/s2
v y = v oy + a y t = 2.720 m / s (0.980 m / s 2 ) (1.5 s ) = 1.250 m / s
v=
v x2 + v y2 =
= arctan
vy
vx
0.578 2 + 1.250 2 = 1.38 m / s
= arctan
1.250
= 65.2
0.578
t
1.5 s
6.
ur
ur
In the diagram, A has magnitude 12 m and B has magnitude 8 m.
(b)
r
r
ur
ur
Find the resultant of the vectors A and B . Express in
(a)
component notation,
((b))
graphical
g
p
form,,
(c)
magnitude-angle form
(a) Component notation
ur
r
r
A x = A c o s 4 5 = 8 .5 m ; A y = A s in 4 5 = 8 .5 m ; A = 8 .5 i + 8 .5 j
ur
r
r
B x = B c o s 6 0 = 4 m ; B y = B s in 6 0 = 7 m ; B = 4 i 7 j
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r = ( A x + B x ) i + ( A y + B y ) j = 1 2 .5 i + 1 .5 j = 1 1 0 1 i + 2 j
(c ) M a g n itu d e -a n g le fo rm
r =
1 2 .5 2 + 1 .5 2 = 1 2 .6 = 1 1 0 1 m
= a rc ta n
ry
rx
= a rc ta n
1 .5
= 7
1 2 .5
8.
A Ferris wheel with a radius of 8.0 m makes 1 revolution every 10 s. When a passenger is at
the top, essentially a diameter above the ground, he releases a ball. How far from the point on
the ground directly under the release point does the ball land?
y
vo
x
G iven:
T = 10 s ; R = 8.0 m ; y = 16 m ; a y = 9.8 m / s 2 ; a x = 0 m / s 2
Find: x =??
1) M agnitude of initial velocity of the ball equal to velocity of the radial point of the Ferris w heel
2 R 2 (8.0 m )
=
= 5.0 m / s
(10 s )
T
2)) D irecti on of the initial velocityy is tangent
g
to the ppath. At the top
p of the w heel it is directed
along positive direction of x axis. v oy = 0.
vo =
3) C onsider m otion of a ball along vertical y direction. Find tim e of flight t
at 2
y = v oy t +
; t=
2
2y
=
a
2( 16 m )
= 1.8 s
( 9.8
9 8m / s 2 )
4) C onsider m otion of a ball along x direction.
x = v ox t = v o t = (5.0 m / s ) (1.8 s ) = 9.0 m