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Overview of England's History and Geography

England is a country located within the United Kingdom on the island of Great Britain. It has land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, and is separated from continental Europe by seas. England's population is over 53 million, mostly concentrated in urban areas in the south and Midlands. The capital and largest city is London. England played a significant role in the development of the English language, Anglican Church, common law, and parliamentary democracy, and was the site of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century.

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38 views2 pages

Overview of England's History and Geography

England is a country located within the United Kingdom on the island of Great Britain. It has land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, and is separated from continental Europe by seas. England's population is over 53 million, mostly concentrated in urban areas in the south and Midlands. The capital and largest city is London. England played a significant role in the development of the English language, Anglican Church, common law, and parliamentary democracy, and was the site of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century.

Uploaded by

Șova Angelica
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

[3][4][5] It shares land


borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies
northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is
separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English
Channel to the south. The country covers much of the central and southern part
of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic; and includes over
100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the
Upper Palaeolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, one of the
Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became
a unified state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery, which began
during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the
wider world.[6] The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law
the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the
world developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of
government has been widely adopted by other nations. [7] The Industrial
Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the
world's first industrialised nation.[8]
England's terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains, especially in central and
southern England. However, there are uplands in the north (for example, the
mountainous Lake District, Pennines, and Yorkshire Dales) and in the south
west (for example, Dartmoor and the Cotswolds). The capital is London, which
is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European
Union.[nb 1] England's population of over 53 million comprises 84% of the
population of the United Kingdom, largely concentrated around London, the
South East, and conurbations in the Midlands, the North West, the North East,
and Yorkshire, which each developed as major industrial regions during the
19th century.[9]
The Kingdom of Englandwhich after 1535 included Walesceased being a
separate sovereign state on 1 May 1707, when the Acts of Union put into effect
the terms agreed in the Treaty of Union the previous year, resulting in a political
union with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.[10][11]
In 1801, Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another
Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In
1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom, leading to the

latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

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