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Key Memory Concepts and Terms

This document defines key terms related to memory, including types of memory (e.g. flashbulb, sensory), memory processes (e.g. encoding, storage, retrieval), memory interference effects (e.g. proactive, retroactive), memory enhancement techniques (e.g. elaboration, mnemonic devices), memory organization (e.g. short-term, long-term, declarative, procedural), and memory disorders (e.g. amnesias). It covers a wide range of fundamental concepts in memory psychology.

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5 views1 page

Key Memory Concepts and Terms

This document defines key terms related to memory, including types of memory (e.g. flashbulb, sensory), memory processes (e.g. encoding, storage, retrieval), memory interference effects (e.g. proactive, retroactive), memory enhancement techniques (e.g. elaboration, mnemonic devices), memory organization (e.g. short-term, long-term, declarative, procedural), and memory disorders (e.g. amnesias). It covers a wide range of fundamental concepts in memory psychology.

Uploaded by

api-320166476
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
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Memory

Unit Terms to Know



Flashbulb Memory a clear memory of an emotionally significant event: 911,
JFK
Encoding changing the info into storable content
Storage placing info into a storage spot for use later
Retrieval getting the info out of storage

Recognition identify info already learned multiple choice


Proactive interference old info interfere w/ new info
Retroactive interference new info interfere w/ old info
Repression pushing a memory to the back of mind cannot be retrieved

Elaboration during encoding

Levels of Processing Theory- semantic processing is more useful for memory


than auditory or visual

Ebbinghaus the more time we spend of learning info, the linger we remember it

Mood-congruent memory- Happy mood- recall happy memories

Serial Position effect tendency to recall the first and last items of a list

Superior Autobiographical Memory

Primary effect tendency to recall the first terms of list

Misinformation effect (Elizabeth Loftus)- alteration of memory with leading


questions or false information

Recency effect tendency to recall the last terms of list


Mnemonic Devices ways of remembering info by using creative memory
techniques

Maintenance Rehearsal vs Elaborative Rehearsal


Amygdala- fear, anger center intensifies memories

Peg words (one=bun, two=shoe create a picture to remember words)

Hypothalamus- hunger, thirst, sex-drive, reward center intensifies memories

Method of Loci (create visual of where things are in a house to remember them)

Hippocampus- last stop before memories are stored in LTM

Chunking putting many number into parts, change 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 to 123, 465,
789 (made 9 things into 3 = easier to remember)
Sensory Memory the immediate, very brief recording of sensory info
Iconic visual info/memory
Echoic auditory info/memory
STM short term memory temporary memory storage
LTM long term memory an almost endless amount of storage ability
Declarative (episodic (stories) vs semantic (factual) memory) vs. Procedural
memory (implicit)
Implicit memory of the procedure how to ride a bike
Explicit memory of facts George Washington is first president
Anterograde Amnesia inability to make new memories, can remember old ones
b4
Retrograde Amnesia inability to remember memories prior to accident
Source Amnesia inability to remember who told you memory
Infantile Amnesia inability to remember anything before age of 3
Recall retrieval of info already learned fill in the blank test

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