Note: I re-wrote everything I did into word documents, as I find it much easier to proofread and
honestly, my handwriting is atrocious. If this is a problem, I have no issue with uploading the
regular notebook writings next time.
I got OYO 1.9 wrong my first time, review question 8, and Practice Problems 2 and 4 wrong my
first time.
On Your Own Questions:
1.1:
a: Total Distance:
16.2 + 3.8 = 19.0cm.
b: Total Displacement:
16.2 3.8 = 11.4cm.
1.2:
a:Velocity down the street:
V = 300m = .904m/s.
332s
b: Velocity up the street:
V = -208m = -.904m/s.
230s
c: Total Velocity:
V = 92m = .16m/s.
562s
1.3: First, convert km to m.
34.1km x 1,000m = 3410m.
1
1km
Rearrange the equation for velocity to solve for time.
T = 3410m = 227.3 = 2.3 x 103.
15m/s
1.4: 3.5s.
1.5: 5 times.
1.6: The slope is 1s, so it is 1m/s.
1.7: The boats observation:
-3m/s - 15m/s = -18m/s.
The boys observation:
15m/s - -3m/s = 18m/s.
1.8: Change in velocity = 16-0 = 16.
a = 16m/s = 4.7m/s2.
3.4s
1.9: First, calculate the change in velocity.
-7.2 = v
v = -7.2m/s2 x 3.1s = -22m/s.
3.1s
Change in velocity is just the final velocity minus the initial velocity, so
-22m/s = 0 22m/s.
The initial velocity was 22m/s.
1.10: Try measuring the velocity over several separate periods of time while the ball is rolling
across the floor. If each subsequent velocity is lower than the previous velocity, then likely
it is slowing down too much to make a valid assumption.
1.11: From 6.0s to 11.9s, and from 16s-20s.
1.12: At approximately 6s and 11.9s.
Review Questions:
1: Scalar quantities do not contain direction, whereas vector quantities do.
2: This would likely be a result of opposite viewpoints, an application of relative velocity.
3: Velocity.
4: Instantaneous is measured over an infinitesimally small period of time, whereas average
velocity is taken over a longer period of time.
5: Velocity.
6: Velocity is partially a function of where you are standing; if measuring the velocity of an
oncoming train, your answer will be different if you are standing still by the tracks then if you
measured the velocity from a vehicle moving toward the train.
7: Acceleration, as that is meters per second.
8: Slowing down.
9: Velocity versus time graphs.
10: As acceleration is simply the change in velocity, no, the acceleration does not have to be 0.
Practice Problems:
1: The drivers total distance was:
35.4km + 13.2km = 48.6km.
His total displacement was:
35.4km 13.2km = 22.2km.
2: Average speed is change in distance over change in time, so
48.6km = 1.7km/min.
28.6min
Average velocity is change in displacement over change in time, so
22.2km
.0776km/min.
28.6min
3: First, convert km to m.
994km x 1000m = 994000m.
1
1km
Now, we can rearrange the velocity formula to determine the distance when the velocity is
42m/s.
V= X
T=X
994000m
= t = 23.666.6 = 2.37 x104
42m/s
350.2km
3.502x105m
v= x/t
T= x/v
8.3x103.
2.3hr.
4: The velocity of the first 800m is 6.50m/s. The total time involved T = X/V. 800m/6.50m/s = 123s,
and 800m/4.3m/s = 186s. This is a total of 309s. Divide the total displacement by this total time,
and you get the average velocity.
1600m = 5.17m/s.
309s
5: 6.3s.
6: 6s-6.3s.
7: The train will stop when the velocity is 0m/s. If the brakes acceleration is a constant -.05m/s2,
20.1m/s
then the time for the train to stop will be
402s.
.0500m/s2.
8: 0s-6s, 11.8s-16s.
9: 0m/s2.
10: Approximately -.5m/s2.
Lab Report 1.1:
First, information was gathered on the lengths of the board. The distance from the
start to the line was .18m, and the distance from the line to the end was .17m. The
board was elevated so that the top was 7cm above the ground and slanted at
approximately a 30 degree angle toward the ground. The time it took to reach the
line when a timer was started as soon as it touched the board averages out to .32s,
giving the trip from the start to the line a velocity of .5625m/s. The second trip, from
the line to the end, averaged out to .26s, giving an overall velocity of .66m/s. Lastly,
the trip from the start to the end of the board yielded an average of .58, giving a
final velocity of .6m/s.
This experiment illustrated how velocity
Lab Report 1.2:
The boards lengths were the same as the previous experiment, however the pile of
books was thrice as high. A mark was made a meter from the end of the board on
the ground. In the first experiment, an average of .59s was the time taken from the
ball to reach the line, the time having started from when the ball reached the end of
the board. This yielded a velocity of 1.69m/s. Then, the time for the ball to roll down
the board was clocked at .46s (averaged). This yielded an acceleration of 3.7m/s.
The second experiment yielded a velocity of 2.17m/s and a average time of .36s,
yielding an acceleration of 6.1m/s. The final experiment had a velocity of 2.52m/s,
and the time was .27s, yielding a final velocity of 9.2m/s.