Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt, P.L., & Flett, G.L. (1990). Perfectionism and depression: A multidimensional analysis.
Journal of Social Behavior and
Personality, 5, 423-438.
INSTRUCTIONS: Listed below are a number of statements concerning personal characteristics and traits. Read each item and decide whether you agree or disagree & to what
extent. To score your responses, put the number of your response in the column that is highlighted next to this question.
Disagree
Agree
Self
Other
Socially
Oriented
Oriented
Prescribed
1.
When I am working on something, I cannot relax until it is perfect
1
2 3 4 5 6
7
2.
I am not likely to criticize someone for giving up too easily
3.
It is not important that people I am close to are successful
4.
I seldom criticize my friends for accepting second best
5.
I find it difficult to meet others expectations of me
6.
One of my goals is to be perfect in everything I do
7.
Everything that others do must be of top-notch quality
8.
I never aim for perfection on my work
9.
Those around me readily accept that I can make mistakes too
10.
It doesnt matter when someone close to me does not do their absolute best
11.
The better I do, the better I am expected to do
12.
I seldom feel the need to be perfect
13.
Anything that I do that is less than excellent will be seen as poor work by those around me
14.
I strive to be as perfect as I can be
15.
It is very important that I am perfect in everything I attempt
16.
I have high expectations for the people who are important to me
17.
I strive to be the best at everything I do
18.
The people around me expect me to succeed at everything I do
19.
I do not have very high standards for those around me
20.
I demand nothing less than perfection of myself
21.
Others will like me even if I dont excel at everything
22.
I cant be bothered with people who wont strive to better themselves
23.
It makes me uneasy to see an error in my work
24.
I do not expect a lot from my friends
SUBTOTALS Page 1
SO =
OO=
SP=
Add up in each column the colored areas to create summary score for each dimension
Disagree
Agree
25.
Success means that I must work even harder to please others
26.
If I ask someone to do something, I expect it to be done flawlessly
27.
I cannot stand to see people close to me make mistakes
28.
I am perfectionistic in setting my goals
29.
The people who matter to me should never let me down
30.
Others think I am okay, even when I do not succeed
31.
I feel that people are too demanding of me
32.
I must work to my full potential at all times
33.
Although they may not say it, other people get very upset with me when I slip up
34.
I do not have to be the best at whatever I am doing
35.
My family expects me to be perfect
36.
I do not have very high goals for myself
37.
My parent rarely expected me to excel in all aspects of my life
38.
I respect people who are average
39.
People expect nothing less than perfection from me
40.
I set very high standards for myself
41.
People expect more from me than I am capable of giving
42.
I must always be successful at school or work
43.
It does not matter to me when a close friend does not try their hardest
44.
People around me think I am still competent even if I make a mistake
45.
I seldom expect others to excel at whatever they do.
Self
Oriented
Other
Oriented
Socially
Prescribed
SUBTOTALS Page 2
Add up in each column the colored squares for each dimension
SUBTOTALS from Page 1
SUBSCALE TOTALS
SO =
OO=
SP=
Medical Student Averages and Standard Deviations (in parantheses) for Comparison (Henning et al., 1998)
Medical students (Enns et al. 2001)
67 (15)
70 (15)
57 (13)
56 (12)
47 (13)
49 (13)
Enns, M.W., Cox, B..J., Sareen, J., & Freeman, P. (2001). Adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism in medical students: A longitudinal investigation.
Medical Education, 35, 1034-1042.
Henning, K.R., Ey, S., & Shaw, D. (1998). Perfectionism, the imposter phenomenon, and psychological adjustment in medical, dental, nursing, and
pharmacy students. Medical Education, 32, 456-464.
The Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale is not a clinical measure so there is not a clinical cutoff score but the higher you score on each scale, the
more unhealthy your perfectionistic attitudes and behaviors may beespecially if you are dealing with a significant stressful event.
*Generally, having high self-oriented perfectionism is associated with greater productivity, success in career, and conscientiousness.
* Having high other-oriented perfectionism may lead to problems delegating to others, being seen by others as highly critical/judgmental.
* Having high socially prescribed perfectionism is associated with greater risk of anxiety, depression and even suicide risk if the person experiences a
major setback (perceives others are disappointed/highly critical of their abilities) and is unable to put the criticism in perspective.
Researchers and clinicians are finding that there is a subtle distinction between adaptive vs. maladaptive perfectionism (e.g., Enns & Cox, 2002).
Here are some examples below:
Maladaptive perfectionism
Inflexibly high standardsoften beyond what is expected
Fear of failure
Focus on avoiding error
Sense of self-worth dependent on performance
Associated with procrastination
Black and white thinking: perfection vs. failure
Adaptive Perfectionism
standards modified in accordance with situation
high standards matched to persons limitations and strengths
striving for success
sense of self independent of performance
timely completion of tasks
balanced thinking
An excellent self-help book is:
Antony, M. M. & Swinson, R.P. (1998) When perfect isnt good enough. New Harbinger: Oakland, CA.
