Scribd
Upload
9 views8 pages

Ultrasound Mosquito Repellent Circuit

The document discusses designing an ultrasonic mosquito repellent circuit. It explains that mosquitoes can hear ultrasonic sounds above 20 kHz, while most animals cannot. The circuit would use a 555 timer IC to produce ultrasound between 20-38 kHz, which would stress and repel mosquitoes. The circuit provides an efficient and safer alternative to chemical repellents. It operates by using a simple circuit to generate ultrasound that scares away mosquitoes when they receive the sound.

Uploaded by

Mohd Shafiq
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views8 pages

Ultrasound Mosquito Repellent Circuit

The document discusses designing an ultrasonic mosquito repellent circuit. It explains that mosquitoes can hear ultrasonic sounds above 20 kHz, while most animals cannot. The circuit would use a 555 timer IC to produce ultrasound between 20-38 kHz, which would stress and repel mosquitoes. The circuit provides an efficient and safer alternative to chemical repellents. It operates by using a simple circuit to generate ultrasound that scares away mosquitoes when they receive the sound.

Uploaded by

Mohd Shafiq
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Analysis

phase

User functionality
Human beings can hear sound in the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
Sound of any frequency above 20 kHz is termed as ultrasonic
sound. Several animals like cats, dogs, insects, mosquitoes have
the feature of being able to hear this ultrasonic sound. In
mosquitoes, this feature is attributed to the presence of sensory
structures in their antennae. Usually ultrasound is transmitted
by male mosquitoes and received by female mosquitoes. However
after breeding, female mosquitoes generally avoid the ultrasound
and this fact can be used to produce ultrasound in a range
similar to that produced by male mosquitoes and repel away the
mosquitoes.

The ultrasound produces a stress on the antennae of

the mosquitoes and repels them away.


In other words, a simple circuit is designed which can produce
ultrasound in the frequency range of 20 kHz to 38 kHz, which can
scare away mosquitoes.

Device on

Produce ultrasonic
sound (20kHz)

Ultrasonic
soundreceived by the
Mosquitoes

Repels the mosquitoes


away
SYSTEM functionality

Various mosquito repellent solutions like coils, liquid vaporizers, and creams, all have
possible adverse effects to health. Then there are electronic mosquito repellents
available in market which are equally efficient and relatively safer. The concepts of these
mosquito repellers are simple and we can build a simple mosquito repellent circuit at home
easily by using 555 timer IC and few other commonly available components. The concept
that we are going to use in out circuit is related to ultrasound. A sound with frequency
higher than 20 kHz is termed as Ultrasound. For us humans a sound only ranging between
20 Hz to 20 kHz frequency is audible, and any sound with frequency below or higher than
this range wouldnt be audible for us. But there are various animals and insects (including
mosquitos) that could hear the ultrasound. Generally ultrasound in a range of 20 kHz to
40kHz is transmitted by male mosquitoes and received by female mosquitoes, however
after breeding female mosquitoes tend to avoid male mosquitoes and so they tend to avoid
ultrasound in that range. As we know that only female breeding mosquitoes bites humans,
we can use this concept and can design a circuit which produces the ultrasound in
frequency range specified above. So here we are going to design a simple mosquito
repellent circuit which will be producing a sound of approximately 40 kHz

Interview:
-

Explain your reason to select/choose this interview technique for data


searching .
List of respondent/target user to be interviewed: Owner of the organization
Puan Habibah Othman.
= The company history, background.
= Need to know the business process operation /flow in the Smart Soleh
EduCenter.

Interview techniques
Interviews are a key source of data in research where human participants are involved, or where the
research project aims to provide a new service, product, or model.

Interviewing
The using interviews to gather pertinent information gives you control over external influences, as
well as the opportunity to monitor non-verbal replies and the effect that questions may have on the
respondents such as tiredness or irritation. While they have a high rate of return, they also have a
high cost, and there is little or no control over the influence of the interviewer on the respondent.
There are 4 established forms of interviews:

Structured: The interviewer puts specific questions in a specific order to respondents, and
records their response and their non-verbal reactions.

Semi-structured: The interviewer applies a schedule, but may probe specific points or
develop them further during the interview.

Unstructured: The order and format of the questions is left to the interviewer, provided a
specific list of key issues is covered.

Elite interviews (or in-depth, intensive interviews): These are characterised not only by their
organisation, but by the choice of interviewees. Often referred to as elite, the interviewer and/or
the respondents have specific knowledge that, for the purposes of the project, requires that they
be given individualised treatment. The purpose is not to collect pre-specified data, but to
reconstruct an event or identify a behavioural pattern.

Sample of interview question

staff: 3 teachers. Pn siti, pn hajar and pn aisyah


Identify the system purpose and functionality for the staff.
Limitation of current system
Benefits to have for the new system
Sample of interview question

Parent :
Needs to know about the satisfaction/usage of smart soleh current
system, limitation, problems,
New system functions, suggestion, opinion
Sample of interview question

Questionnaire:
Smart soleh educenter has around 150 students, 50 parents
the respondent =15 students, 5 % parents
Discuss the questionnaire format of question
Sample of questionnaire

10% out of

Observation:
Survey/observe the real process: learning,teaching, registration,
Day 1:
Date:
Time:
Remark:

Day 2:
Date:
Time:
Remark:

Common questions

Powered by AI

Semi-structured interviews provide a balance between the consistency of structured interviews and the flexibility of unstructured interviews, allowing researchers to probe deeper into specific issues while maintaining a framework that facilitates comprehensive data collection. This adaptability makes them particularly effective in educational research, where unexpected themes or insights might emerge .

The high cost of interviews can limit the scale and scope of research, potentially restricting sample size and diversity. To reduce costs, researchers can employ strategies such as remote interviews via digital platforms, group interviews where appropriate, or combining interviews with other data collection methods like surveys to enhance data richness without escalating costs .

Structured interviews have the benefit of consistency in the questions asked and the ease of analyzing responses, potentially reducing interviewer bias. However, they are limited in flexibility, as they do not allow for exploration of new topics that might emerge during the interview, which might be crucial for deeper insights .

To build a home-made mosquito repellent circuit, one can utilize a 555 timer IC to generate ultrasonic sounds within the 20 kHz to 40 kHz range, which mimics the frequencies transmitted by male mosquitoes. This simple circuit exploits the tendency of female mosquitoes to avoid these frequencies post-breeding, effectively repelling them without the use of harmful chemicals .

The phenomenon of ultrasonic sound avoidance by female mosquitoes can be used to develop new insect control technologies by designing devices that emit specific ultrasonic frequencies that mimic those of male mosquitoes. This natural repellent mechanism can be integrated into public spaces and residential areas, utilizing eco-friendly approaches to control mosquito populations effectively without relying on chemicals .

Ultrasound repels mosquitoes by exploiting the natural behavior of female mosquitoes post-breeding to avoid the ultrasound frequencies typically emitted by males, ranging from 20 kHz to 38 kHz. This method avoids the adverse health effects associated with chemical repellents like coils and vaporizers, offering a safer alternative. The use of ultrasound does not rely on toxic substances, making it an environmentally friendly solution compared to traditional methods .

Different interview formats impact data collection by varying the control over responses and flexibility in exploring topics. Structured interviews provide consistency but limit exploration. Semi-structured interviews balance structure with flexibility, allowing probing into specific points. Unstructured interviews maximize flexibility, suitable for exploratory research. Elite interviews focus on obtaining deep insights from knowledgeable respondents, often in specialized contexts. Each format impacts how much and what type of data can be collected .

Non-verbal communication in interviews plays a critical role in understanding respondent reactions and emotions that may not be articulated verbally. It provides context to verbal responses and can indicate discomfort, enthusiasm, or agreement. This aspect of data collection requires researchers to be skilled in interpreting body language, ensuring that these insights complement and deepen the understanding gained from verbal responses, ultimately enriching data quality .

Challenges in using interviews include the high cost of conducting them, potential interviewer bias influencing responses, and the possibility of respondent fatigue. Mitigating these issues involves careful interviewer training to maintain neutrality, designing interviews to be concise yet thorough, and selecting appropriate formats that balance cost and depth, such as semi-structured or elite interviews for detailed insights .

Considering ultrasonic sound frequencies beyond human hearing, specifically those between 20 kHz and 40 kHz, is crucial because it targets the female mosquitoes' natural behavioral response to male mosquito frequencies, exploiting their aversion to these sounds post-breeding, without causing disturbances to humans. This specificity ensures effectiveness while minimizing interference with human activities .

You might also like