Nef"rcKTheoT

Glossary

f,Tfl.,:fi
n:.:fl:,::t;i..ii."?:
;::J:"::ktl".*iff
:,i";
":;::;:::;:::::,.1;:1,;::;::;
[Link] ;n a sociat ;*:. I. 1.3
. netwo.k.
{n rcJC,k ncsork Joe5
nor loujn oJ(
"T:;:T;1Hl:];,i:::til:T*;,i";t: 10.4
12.2

p;*$;irid;.rr
t:TTili:ili:.
* .v' -,'
nqRkd b) , r,ne , 3
'";:;il';T::::;ii..l::i:,i:i:",,:::'"
l )' " :: ::::::i :" ' j " ' l
*, d
_::d::t:l:'": 8'
;:n:Hi;;.le.";-**.."
,t:H:'j;:;[Link]
llffln,hesunof,he?.4
ilfj}:.j]:"t''""""rrv,aDircis!nordered r.3.1
SeeCu.y€ri.r
7.1
An J.t nbehc d)ad 6 r pJr
of r@(6.,,"_ ,-r 1,, ?
un' h r e r J rl ', l ',
An Jrnbwe K r [Link]. '0
ofa , ertex
_ d rhe ie,; -".-_-i
I k"rdependenrtr
"br r 'n , e / m o J c t " n p t , sb r n
unlsr eoJr..,cJ ju J
; ; . ; ; :. : : , . - *- ''*. . | 'q U e s $ J t J r e n o '
I n, , ls r . d _ E r p n . r t +m r . r \ . t e
I t,LnJ,i
. . " 't r r , D r n u t r e , e n n u m b c r o I n e s , n;vr .r, .J. @ .
.;:,:.:-y,t,.t:il_.,1,1,rr.,.,'-.,.i.i.,,.
.,,

;:;;;;"iltiff.":itHilffiJ:;i;::". I.,,..
 - iidlre
4u5 $r :: r.!rb rf.:
5 P6fjou $0!ramod

318

are [Link] sithin [Link]{ers,nd [Link] ties

Ie sittrated [Link] [Link]$ers.
l'hc bciweenne$ centralny ol a vede{ is the Propodron
oJallgeodesi.s bcl{cen ptr;s oforher vertices th:t

Bese€nnes [Link] the variation,n thc

bctseenne$ [Link] [Link] divlded by the
,naainrun [Link] in [Link] [Link]
sne
| $ bk Lnr nd*ork of the $m.
A bi [Link] i 5,' comFne 7. 3

See:Two node neNork J. 3

A block conbins the celh [Link]._y ndrix rh 1,2.4

bebng to rhe cross sectior oio
A blGkmodel the [Link] of a network ro 12.4.1
^signs
cla$esand iispecrlies ih. Permjfted iyPc(s)ot
r€lation withirr rnd bctween chsses
The tcchniqrcto [Link]. bl@knodel isdlled

A bl@d [Link] is the nirliase .I pcoPlewnh a .loe 11,4

A brdse is: linewhoserenovalin(eses the nunbei 7l

ofconporens in $e ddwo.k.
A brokera8erole .1 a vetrexis 2 [Link] of 1t
iica ad sroup afliliarions
CeU A [Link] mrii{ is the inrers€tionof a row and: 12.2

A cliquen a [Link] .[Link]

threevertrcesoi nore.
The do*n6s cmtrality of a v*tex is the numb{ of
other verticesdiided bt the tun olall disunccs
bcrweenthe [Link] all otbds
closenesscenhdlizarioD is th. variadonin rhe closene$ 6l
centrahy of vedrd dividedby rh. naxinnn
variaiionin closenesscenlir lny $ores posiblejn a
rcMork of the samesize
The .l u$erabilitr Dodel appliesrcan unsisneddnected 10. 1
nd$ork ifnconsisb of Mo or morecliquesthrtare

[Link]. o! semi.)cicisclu{erable ifn [Link] 4. 2

[Link].
Asisned grapbn clusteral,leif it can bc p..[Link] 4. 2
i [Link]*e6 [Link] positiveries:ie conta'ted
ivnhincl$[Link] [Link] tiesare snufed

A compl€tenctwo.! is a nerwork*irh nsxinum

3. 3
dcnsity:allpossiblehnesoccu
A (weak).omponent6 arnaxinral(wcaklv)con'ecicd

In a [Link] oIa neNork, vertic€sin allbur

oft dNs re shrunk.
Avertex is a coordinatorif iris [Link]. Path
beseen rwo [Link] its own chs (sr'up)
!h3r,rc not [Link] .onned€d

i.
 319

rhe .rtrical mr$ of . {rifr!si., p;;;;.

;;i,*
numftror Moprersneededto susanr
I diifusi.n
A cut-vturex-s. !e(d wfrGe dcterion
[Link] the
numoerolcomponentsin the netuork
A cycleis [Link]€d p3rh.
The deeJa oI a ver€r 6 tte number 4.2
oftines incide.r 3.3
Tle [Link] cenialny of a [Link] is ns de8ree.

Deeiedc enr iJ ipjt i, .no r J n c N . r l . i s

dc urirqox,n 6.3
hedrsred\ or \&ii.s Lllrded b, rhe mix
mun
[Link] thai 6 po$ibbnr I ne&ork
olthe
5.1
Delfrnq,r rrFy from r mMork D/crns
rh,, the \rrcx 7.3
tz.4 r no r [ ] ' ne( nc , d. n tr i r h r h r r . f t e , r e
rrmo\ed

12. 4 .1 A, lm dr c gBnr , s : ! ha d ! , n E t p n , g t h er e s u h s
or 12,3
n, er r i! Dr . ' . t us r er i n q .
DeNny n the nunber;li.s in a sinr,te netwo.k.
't2.4.2 3.3
ercFdion of rhe naxidum possibre
;xeTes:od;si
11.4 A diftusion curye displays rhe prev.t€n.€
of ,n 4,2
[Link] rn tne courseof time
7. 3 A dis r J phor t lr c ded B r r p h , 5J
s,[Link] 1,3.1
7. 5 The nunb& oI entiies(venices)of a partnion.
4.4
t 2.z nc nvrn e I'om ,trh\ u b verex v tr rhr
l"ner\ ol
rh<Bentlesjc hom u to !
3. 6 I n d dr . . J - d r No, i, h e , r n f u , . . L r p u l
[Link] or ,
veircf,6lhe nunjb<ror
l]fi(enuBe of d orher
6. 3 vc(rc€[Link] conncrcd by a [Link] to thn

,:, ." *,,*,,"J ,h.I [Link],he,,

6.1
1.1,i -"
Deven vericesu a.d, r rhe cxrenrto which
u irs
nore a.d $ror8d tiesviti neighborsthat
de
[Link] [Link] wnh veiex r
10.3 r J ae i\ J n Lndlar d, , n . . t o n h r t J r . r . d t s e j . . r n
^nunor der ed LJ.t
DJ noiv dd c e \ .
An r 8. , ! c nr r r J ipp, or h r o r n . t u o r L . u n , i J e ^
hr b.l
1. 1 r r u. r ur r i ! hr G . r er nr i e \u f ; i J / \ t d u , l v c m c e \ .
bgocene'cJeDsitris the densiiyof the ego
netu,ork 7_4
4. 2
The ego networt( of a ve$ex [Link] rhis ydtex.
its
nr'shbo6, and all tinesafroog the setected vc4iccs.
_
rndoBr,ny or mrermJrir8e hern\ drrt frmrties
rre 1\.1
3. 1 Lnk et b1
l \ e\ Lc j Lins h r pi e ,
Adoi\ s r r h s im ' br Fat k m so I r . \ r r e s J d
," b€ 72.3
.erabotullyequiyalent,to constnutuan oquivrlence
dr$, orro occuly [Link]. in rhe
2.4 .3
An eventisa happcring,[Link], or [Link]
7.5 5.3
[Link].s mny Aaih.r
120

rf*"t-*-,'t *"*.. tr ldi'uhr

"[Link] "dvork 't rh:t brve
iu;.ni n thc i( ntiEhbo6
'f
:Jopred bente thI oomtrt.
::.4 l
To r{nr.t, subnehrorkftonr
.n serol ns vedicesand all lnrcsthrt ire modent
onl! rvnl\ th€ sclecicdver!.es
11.3
A D;on's [Link] orchild [Link] (F lvlCi)Gth'
irnnlr i. { hicb ihis De6onn tr
'hiu

AFdsd s irmilt ofsPo6e d [Link](IAMS)s

I l .l
dre frn l) in whi.h [Link] s a pJcnt .
l l ,4
]\ fdc* is a srrpl consisnrso{ No or 'lorc dtrlnct
([Link])rccs
ved.x n igfckeeper if it is situaed on: pailr lros
i veiter or r,othd .la$ {eroup)roNtrr'ra veicxor
irs .wn class,rrovided tharth
dncdll [Link].
A BenealosicalSenerarion n a setoI peoplcconnc'red t1.l
to a (.los)comdon a..c$or l
li sencrali4d [Link]' thc PernirtedLlock
12.4.:l
;ps:rc sp{i6ed nn eachindividu'lblock I t.l
ln a [Link],. genei.i n lunrp dcurs*hen FoPre
mdy xho areconnectcdro:

A t s o d ? r ! L t h ! 5 h t, r t L r p r t h l 'e N {r i l v ' s j i : s ,
6.1
\ s o b r l 'L e " . r s t r i o e r J 'oo l l c ^ v u r r n \ r i 'n r I
1.4.2

Asra0h is a [Link] and : setollines bcdveen

1.3.1

ll;[Link] du$uinsn tr srtistical te'h qnctor l7.a

[Link] in!, nrcreasiiSlvntore
honnscdeousnrbs$
Tf. hirrarchisl clunc6 nodelaPlliet to an un!8ned
dneded nctsat! if n consistsofcondrctd clu*s
su.h [Link] lvithin ranksare not reht'd:nd
.htre( bdwcen nnks are [Link] bt null dvrds d
rsynmeti. dyadspointnB.r$trd th' hish'r Fnk
with th€ addnio lprovGdn thata clutr'r contarns
no .[Link] .f asYnretrr. rlYa{rs
a
A hid;[Link] is: ds,.bie$n,r dasiltins vurices't
vedex m.y belongb severalch$ts lt istsp€ctrIv
.,ited fors [Link] of v'itr'cs' sher'
unns xre subdivmedinro [Link] ftre
[Link]!utiseG Lr
Honofhil,v sthc Phenooenontlntnni3r PtlPr
,[Link] lor. ar lcai morc otrcntinn wrth
[Link] feoPlc. 12.4.1
An intrgc r.:tix r a snnPlli..tnD ol rt adra""v
[Link] br shrn,[Link](''k h o'e n'B cer
rnJi..ting the block tvPe 1l .6
The inrmrdlr.v [Link] is dre trveragcnndrberoI
.nfn$ ol the [Link] ! ioumaldurnrs rhc -vc'r
::'
: ::,:l:il:'"i:::ltit;Htil;ff
'*"";.-,,., 11.6

t2.2

.3

.3
"r}'-fffi##
;fli'ftTil:.i*Hi:i;tir'"*iff
:- r.J.1
l_3

5 "i:'r'::j.:ft
['ia;.::r.,r:"11:iH:i'" 2.4_1

Tso net*ort ) are r^morphr,

2
rhat is_rh.v h,"" .L-
1.3 ;:l';;;;;: : lf'tj:".;i':1":'i:.:i:".. '2
ve ik*,!:n ir in e r r n r h r ote.,r,r i s
^ !nu:tei j ,r ,
t. 4, 3 ,[Link]
le',ie.n ,,. ,,.-.i",1-1i.f,' ^,

l_3 :::"".,:ff;;r *. _,ra.a.

',on +",,*,,,,,
o n r ftd umpomnr R. mrx,m.t subntrrn.L,

;il*::;:*::l;:':;;;.;".il;;:j: ;
^,
.3
.4.2
";.:T::il:;;.i;Hff:ijilii.i,;"' *",
.l- 1
"il:,:;;:.ili:i;:#:i:::::1_::"1,ii
t.1 l I T:::
,',,.;",..";;.,.;

0.3 ^"u,l:::ilS;p'*'*'i'esinane,worr:ei,her 13.1

A s@osran of d hdk.d
$bne&orl ofiea a lGal
2.4.1
A loor 6 a I'ne rhirronne(r
J k{*
n ,^"rl
rne.,[Link]., hJ,1;,;;;,;j,;;."
, 1,,;,
;l;:J:H[,'.;t:::::Y wtrh hsher
'^e
In Jn .r Jctic n e Bo r r - . a
fr r ,n [Link] K ,

;:tT:;:il
*#u;:l j* ::,ii:i
;".1jn
*'*' nn\ork\
;#;lifi ^* -eahr'n'ihe
*'
^ li:il:" "' '""""nd'n'n8,ow5
rnd 12.2

^l;:l;;:Jilil.l:1';i
],t:.il:1';
;i l;
, """, , * , s n. s m c , , r en,
wt r h d e \ e l , n e r .
na Fr h. uhr i& or ed8e.r har , ! ,J o a r u . r t t r r
^,/-,.: I i.,
-""-,a-."p,."i-., ....".';;:::ih,;:""
 :a
Lrnemultitlicnv N the Dunberoifincs a src'ilic linc 5.3
in a
[Link] or unordcredprn of v€rtices)o'curs

A v-kx dMt n adiicentio anotherven.x 6 'ts 3.1

subn;nvorksa,€ saidtob€ ne$ediione tubneNork h 1.5

. ruLsetfro the orhcr
A network consi*soi. srrPh ard rddit'oml 1.J.1
inform,tion on rhe veiticcsorthe linesot the srapl'
Nonblood relinki.s ref.s to nnltiple miiirs€r
[Link] couPlchasa close

A nulldyad n apan olvcit'cesthat renotconneded 10.3

I. x one'modeneMork. eaclrvedexcan be relaledro 5.3

A n r 'J l r a r e . h a 'q - .'e J r l i n 6 r o i r l 'e | {l u r F 14

Jcc {dinB !r [Link].n h'ncii'n bv rr|[Link] tr
calledan !ptinjzrri.n [Link]'que
i r\' l- ll I
l h " O r s r u p h h r . N r o s 'r n o 'l ''F h p r F
nen arerep.*erted b iiiansl€s,woned bv ellipses'
[Link] bt (douhle)lin$. rnd parent{hild tiesbv
rr.s Du,ndnetrlm [Link]
t h . . " ; d e , . . ', *; '. '' e r u n L Y ' " f v ! r r- i d '
'l
l d 3 p a n i a i o r d u , s o n db u t n o r a l l p a n s o f u n n s( c - s , I0J
veiiices)areordered
1j
,{ Datnion ofa neMork n a flassilicationor clu*ering
;f fie veric$ in the neMoik suchthat eachv{te{ is
assiened to exacdvonechs or clune.
A patin a walk in shich tro Ydtex in bcMeenthe 66t 34
rnd la$ vciiex of thc walL [Link]'s dor€ than Dnce
lhe pedigrc€of' l'cson is thcse!ofhG orhd I1 3

't2.2
A pdrnNatio. of . neiwoikn a [Link].s ol its

The P srrph or frrenraseStuphL a RenerloEical, 11.4

networl,, wh'ch [Link]\:nd
'n
are the vcric€[Link]. rcprese insindividuals,
ooint from childrento P,rens-
Tb€ popularityor [Link] of.v{tex nthe nnrbnot
9.1
2rcsir receivesina dircctednetwork
12.3
A oositionis a paiticulaiPaticrnot les
'fl; pr€valeneof an innovdion is dre'urulative 8.2
nm'
f e i . e n r r s eo f J d u n t c 6 , r : n r d i c u | J r
T h L p L o p . {i o n a l $ r c n g t h t r i r e " i t h k s P e 'r 'o : r l
! e , o f a I 'e t u o .r . r h c ! , l u e " f r L i el i n c ( s )r c p r e s e nnts
n n . , d r d e db ) r h e s d mo f r h e " : l u e s f i l l l l r e \
incidentwih a [Link].
T h e p n 'x r n n q p r e n L s . . f , r e i t c x F r h c p r c p d t o n , o r
tr | \crr.e\ [Link] ibcltl 'n tr5Inrur dum''n d'v'dea
bv fte neaddntidc from allv€itice! idits iaput
10.3
Theranked ro an unsisncd
cluste(modelaPplies
' ' ;;;;i - clustds
Rrnke.l
o rqr' ' " drr' 1,'
d' " " o-e.o' r' :r' o' '
, 1,r\i r v ih n '
" qur' "
 CIo*ary

:ilfi nfi"8",:t'j;'Ji*[i.1:]..k'*;
rn- ,"oa de_n. v ,r. ,red;., J'.1.,,", ,
.",,., .l
."" rc,uilr$e ,e{e{
;;il;:".""xJ*'""

f;F.i',:3ff
i;{"H$:i,.:"::
i',j.";1;;lf
6.3

12.4.3

fii:::i:
:.:;:*i::r*liil.','"'*,r,;-"r
12.4.3

*'--,he rhounr
orrel',k,ns
T ;i?'i;;'* t1.4

' ):f: ;.1:':::tI'::'J.

;'^;;:::".i:",:,,:,'
- IT:,',1
:::l[l;::;:i"a'a'r""r""""'.'
I he ienftkd (,npui, ourpurj [Link]
.i : v"-"".^ _

*;:'::,t:;;::t
;*:::,;':,;r;:ti
:li
j:#:;:::t...
,.;# :"i)ff:I.*:li:.i.
r - s o- n . *
:i;:Iii;:,"* "..
;"i:;t;?:.:::::;;i::i
bur ior d r . r t ) , nt ed r o r \ t r , e r i c \ .
L.

:*J:li'";1'i#:"i',Jff;"-n'""'
'rr*::
^^;.t';;',;:'Jlixit:.t;1"1
;:;:H'1,,, 1i
^;":t:"1i
';:T;:'fil:;.'i;;.1,il;:f:,"* ,4
_::::111:::;i:'iff *;.
I:::::"tl,T
," sh ih k r n .No r t.
24\
;:::;*::ru:;rl;1tH:*li:L
ie p ti( e r su b sei(!ta\s).r,E

*--
jii;:,t:i:1".:*'"
^J-J.'i.?:l;
"",
;:t:::
*li:i#il:'r::'Il.r::r.:T::1,T r,J_1

erlex is : ve{cx wnh l

l l .6
h ,J m o d e n flxd k, r t- . d ,
' so B_ " o fr \{F\ ,. trosn
,,,. o r Jn t\cn r n r h e v{ r r { r .f.^ r. ,"
_ ,", ' /c

""'.-.,;''.
-, --
IllJ,"i'.1X'"t::::i::;i.p-
'lili::ii.;':i:l:,1'r;1-n.'b.h.'.'u-8l
^ffii:H:Ii::i15:il:!€oPreshotrebomD 1,:l
 5. Pr$ri.i iepinfi [Link]:apf$ndi
'!4"

Gloss,1ty

A [Link] io a .cMork ..nsiders th€

$rucnrralcharacternlcsofrhe entircne6vork
In an [Link] [Link], r sour.. vencx n a [Link] rvirh l t.6

A $ar ne$.rk n r neiFork in ryhichoneYede{ s 6.1

[Link] [Link].v€rtices bur thes€v&ncesrre
[Link] amonBthemselves.
A *rons..nponent is a mrximtrl$ronsly (,nn€ted 3.4

A network is stonBly conn{red ifea.h pan.f vdtices

[Link] by a !ath.
'fwo veftices,resircttr.l equivalentii rhey hrre t2.a
identicaltieswith thenselres,ea.h other,dd lll

fteie n a $rudural hole in the eso'nct$ort ofa v€{ex

if Mo ol is reishboF 3re..t dn{rly conned.d.
A*ructrtrllproperq isachar..[Link])ola 2.3
vcitexrhat is a resuliof nesork analysis.
Stuuctural relinkinsoc.!6 whcn frn iesintdnarry 1:1.4
dore rhan on.e in the couse ol time.
Tle symmeti.-[Link] a [Link]
nelvork if ir corsistsofclunes oI veltic6 th.r are
linkedbr symnretictiesdirecilyot [Link] if
ihe [Link] clusos producean acyclic
[Link] (Nhs' ihe du(ds are shrunk).
To [Link] diiectedne$vorkis toreplace 3.3
unilareralrnd bidn€ctn,nalar.s bt edses
llF thrcsholdof: rertex h irs [Link] tbe dne o1 8.1
[Link] is cqulro the propodion oi ns
reishborsrhat h3veldopred srlier rhan rhn veftx
A thresholdcatego4 is a sct of veiiicesrvnhslmihr

A threshold1.g is a periodin vhich an actordocsnot 8.4

adopralrhonshhe.. sheis caposedat thc levelat
which he or shesill [Link]
In a mnsnive fuiad,e,chplth [Link] two [Link]
by an arc fron the nartins vefex to the end [Link]

Tle lrnsitivily nodel appLesto:n unsisneddirected

network if n.6nsisG [Link] sr.h rhat cliques
wnbin [Link] telled [Link] b€tween
[Link] rehted by [Link] or asynneiiic dvads
pointingbward the hisherrank
Assnsposednesark is r nct\ftk in which the 9.3
dncctionol Jl arcsis re'ersed.
The [Link] of.d rr. orvettex is rhe
propofion olallpaths beMeen$uice andsnrk
lcnices that contanrthn xrc or !eicx
A tee r [Link] [Link] no semrct'rcs 11.4
A trj.d n: Gub )neNork [Link] of dree Ysii"s 3.6
10.1
The riad ccnsusof a d;[Link]$o!l is the lrcauen'/
di$ril,ution ofrhe sixtccnt,lpesofiiads in thn
 ";,*nx:::,:_.;tm*"*i:l,x;; J.3

^ " ,] , Jr..ir,,., ,,\ r,n..d.r

" ;;1 ' " " ,0 n . " " ' " " "u 1.J,1
^ i,",,::"1fiTj:": " ***
whicrrines
nayc J..l
'
J:fi.:,:,'i': ::,fi::i:*ins anuneria,h,u€b 2,5
.4
^ 'e(q {sincut.. of kans) is rh€ [Link]* ui! in a r.3.1
.4

2.3 ;..",..:, *.
^;3::}i:.fi,Ii:::1,l,[Link]:rcondnion,ha
^, "".,..;;;ffi;;LT::[l:1
jnil:"';ffi i_4
:i:;:::::
,r. :::: i"l
a.",-" .,., "_'.:i rl:i
*jril ;
^1..-*..d
t":Hjj];*"t;:i';1,...n
h"
";;:;: ",,..,..*,.."3.,1

0. 5

o.l ,

'.3

l-6

.6
0.3