Introduction

Methods of soap making improved when two scientific discoveries were made in the late
eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In 1790, the French chemist Nicholas Leblanc (17421806) invented a process for creating caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) from common table salt
(sodium chloride). In chemistry, soap is a salt of a fatty acid. Soap is mainly used for washing,
bathing, and cleaning, but soaps are also important components of lubricants. Soaps for cleansing

are obtained by treating vegetable or animal oils and fats with a strongly alkaline solution. Fats
and oils are composed of triglycerides: three molecules of fatty acids attached to a single
molecule of glycerol. The alkaline solution, often lye, promotes a chemical reaction known as
saponification. In saponification, fats are broken down ( hydrolyzed) yielding crude soap. Fats are

transformed into salts of fatty acids and glycerol is liberated, leaving glycerin as a byproduct.
Soaps are key components of most lubrication greases, which are usually emulsions of calcium
and lithium soaps in a mineral oil. Lithium-based greases are widely used. Many other metal ions
are used, including aluminium, sodium, and mixtures of various metal ions. Such soaps are
sometimes classified as thickeners, meaning that they elevate the viscosity of the oil. In ancient
times, lubricating greases were prepared by the addition of lime to olive oil.

Available in Ghazipur market

OBJECTIVE
1- To find how many people are likely use herbal Soap.
2- To explore that how many consumer are prefer herbal Soap or other brands.
3- To find that which herbal Soap Company are more focus on advertisement.
4- To find that which herbal Soap are easily available in the market.
5- To explore that which herbal Soap has more freshness and give instant energy
6- To find that which herbal Soap better quality.
7- To explore that peoples are satisfied with Medicated Soap or Other brand.

Research Methodology
Research
Research is a purposeful investigation. It is a scientific & systematic search for
knowledge & intimation on a specific topic research is use full & research objective can be
achieved if it is done in propose process.

Methodology

The world methodology spell the meaning itself if the method used by the researches in
obtaining information. The data (information can be collected from primary sources & secondary
sources.) By primary data we mean data collected by researches him for the first time to
collaborate the data which has previously not been used is known as primary data by secondary
data we mean the data collected from various published matters, a Magazine newspapers status
of previous research report etc. In other words we can say that the data which has already been
used your different purpose by different people is known as secondary Primary data can be
collected through questionnaire and personal interview as for as concern my research is limited
to dealers personality Secondary data are collected from the various books journals new
spapereditional expert suggestions web sites & internet & etc.

Research is a common language refers to a search of knowledge. Research is scientific &

systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic, infect research is an art of
scientific investigation.
Research Methodology is a scientific way to solve research problem. It may be
understood as a science of studying how research is doing scientifically. In it we study various
steps that are generally adopted by researchers in studying their research problem. It is necessary
for researchers to know not only know research method techniques but also technology.
The scope of Research Methodology is wider than that of research methods.
The research problem consists of series of closely related activities. At times, the first step
determines the native of the last step to be undertaken. Why a research has been defined, what
data has been collected and what a particular methods have been adopted and a host of similar
other questions are usually answered when we talk of research methodology concerning a
research problem or study. The project is a study where focus is on the following points:

RESEARCH DESIGN
A research design is defined, as the specification of methods and procedures for
acquiring the Information needed. It is a plant or organizing framework for doing the study and
collecting the data.
Designing a research plan requires decisions all the data sources, research approaches,
Research instruments, sampling plan and contact methods.
Research design is mainly of following types: -

Exploratory research.

Descriptive studies

3 Experimental

EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
The major purposes of exploratory studies are the identification of problems, the
more precise Formulation of problems and the formulations of new alternative courses of action.
The design of exploratory studies is characterized by a great amount of flexibility and ad-hoc
veracity.

DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES
Descriptive research in contrast to exploratory research is marked by the prior
formulation of specific research

Questions. The investigator already knows a substantial

amount about the research problem. Perhaps as a Result of an exploratory study, before the
project is initiated. Descriptive research is also characterized by a Preplanned and structured
design.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: -

A casual design investigates the cause and effect relationships between two or more variables.
The hypothesis is tested and the experiment is done. There are following types of casual designs:
I

After only design

II

Before after design

III

Before after with control group design

IV

Four groups, six studies design

After only with control group design.

VI

Consumer panel design

VII.

Exposit facto design

PRIMARY DATA
These data are collected first time as original data. The data is recorded as observed or
encountered. Essentially they are raw materials. They may be combined, totaled but they have
not extensively been statistically processed. For example, data obtained by the peoples.
SECONDARY DATA
Sources of Secondary Data
Following are the main sources of secondary data:
1

Official Publications.

Publications Relating to Trade:

Journal/ Newspapers etc.:

Data Collected by Industry Associations:

Unpublished Data: Data may be obtained from several companies, organizations,

working in the same areas like magazines.

Period of Study: This study has been carried out for a maximum period of 4 weeks.
Area of study: The study is exclusively done in the area of marketing. It is a process requiring
care, sophistication, experience, business judgment, and imagination for which there can be no
mechanical substitutes.

Sampling Design: The convenience sampling is done because any probability sampling
procedure would require detailed information about the universe, which is not easily available
further, it being an exploratory research.

Sample Procedure: In this study judgmental sampling procedure is used. Judgmental

sampling is preferred because of some limitation and the complexity of the random sampling.

Area sampling is used in combination with convenience sampling so as to collect the data from
different regions of the city and to increase reliability.

Sampling Size: The sampling size of the study is 100 users.

Method of the Sampling:
Probability Sampling
It is also known as random sampling. Here, every item of the universe has an equal chance or
probability of being chosen for sample.
Probability sampling may be taken inform of:

Simple Random Sampling

A simple random sample gives each member of the

population an equal chance of being chosen. It is not a haphazard sample as some people think!
One way of achieving a simple random sample is to number each element in the sampling frame
and then use random numbers to select the required sample. Random numbers can be obtained
using your calculator, a spreadsheet, printed tables of random numbers, or by the more traditional
methods of drawing slips of paper from a hat, tossing coins or rolling dice.

Systematic Random Sampling

This is random sampling with a system! From the sampling frame, a starting point is chosen at
random, and thereafter at regular intervals

Stratified Random Sampling

With stratified random sampling, the population is first divided into a number of parts or 'strata'
according to some characteristic, chosen to be related to the major variables being studied.
For this survey, the variable of interest is the citizen's attitude to the redevelopment scheme, and
the stratification factor will be the values of the respondents' homes. This factor was chosen
because it seems reasonable to suppose that it will be related to people's attitudes.

Cluster and area Sampling

Cluster sampling is a sampling technique used when "natural" groupings are evident in a
statistical population. It is often used in marketing research. In this technique, the total
population is divided into these groups (or clusters) and a sample of the groups is selected. Then
the required information is collected from the elements within each selected group. This may be
done for every element in these groups or a sub sample of elements may be selected within each
of these groups.

Non Probability Sampling

It is also known as deliberate or purposive or judge mental sampling. In this type of sampling,
every item in the universe does not have an equal, chance of being included in a sample.
It is of following type

Convenience Sampling
A convenience sample chooses the individuals that are easiest to reach or sampling that is done
easy. Convenience sampling does not represent the entire population so it is considered bias.

Quota Sampling
In quota sampling the selection of the sample is made by the interviewer, who has been given
quotas to fill from specified sub-groups of the population.

Judgment Sampling
The sampling technique used here in probability > Random Sampling.
The total sample size is 100 profiles.

I have selected Probability sampling method for this research study.

Data Collection: - Data is collected from various customers through personal interaction.
Specific questionnaire is prepared for collecting data. Data is collected with more interaction and
formal discussion with different respondents and we collect data about investment pattern of
people by face to face contact with the persons from whom the information is to be obtained
(known as informants). The interviewer asks them questions pertaining to the survey and
collects the desired information.

LIMITATION
The success of any survey depends upon the quality and integrity of the
surveyor who compiles the primary data.
Area Wise:The area which I have chosen for the research was not appropriate the area
was small, hence proper number of respondent not their to response.