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Fluid Mechanics Concepts and Definitions

This chapter discusses key concepts in fluid mechanics including field representation, Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches, dimensions of fluid flows, streamlines, streaklines, pathlines, material derivatives, and control volumes. It introduces control volumes as volumes of space through which fluid may flow, and systems as collections of matter that can move and interact with surroundings. The Reynolds transport theorem relates the time rate of change of an extensive property within a control volume or system.

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58 views3 pages

Fluid Mechanics Concepts and Definitions

This chapter discusses key concepts in fluid mechanics including field representation, Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches, dimensions of fluid flows, streamlines, streaklines, pathlines, material derivatives, and control volumes. It introduces control volumes as volumes of space through which fluid may flow, and systems as collections of matter that can move and interact with surroundings. The Reynolds transport theorem relates the time rate of change of an extensive property within a control volume or system.

Uploaded by

nlayton620
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHAPTER 04

1. The representation of fluid parameters as a function of the spatial coordinates is termed


a ____.
A. Velocity field
B. Field representation
C. Position vector
[Link] the two general approaches to analyzing fluid mechanics.
YOUR ANSWER: Eulerian and Lagrangian.
[Link] many dimensions do most fluid flows have?
A. 2
B. 3
C. None. They are dimensionless
[Link] is a streamline?
YOUR ANSWER: A line that is everywhere tangent to the velocity field.
[Link] is a streakline?
A. Lines perpendicular to the velocity field.
B. All the particles in a flow that have previously passed through a common point.
C. A phenomena caused by unsteady flow.
[Link] is a pathline?
A. A distance along a streakline.
B. The line traced out by a given particle over time.
C. Pathline is just another term for streakline.
Explanation: While in steady flow, a pathline is a distance along a streakline, in unsteady
flow, this is not the case. So, while in steady flow, answer A) could be accepted, it is not
true for all flows, and is therefore not an acceptable definition.
[Link] is the more commonly used method to describe fluid motion, Lagrangian or
Eulerian?
YOUR ANSWER: Eulerian

[Link] acceleration field is a function of ____ and ____ without actually following any
particular particle.
YOUR ANSWER: position, time.
[Link] is the material derivative used for?
A. To describe time rates of change for a given particle.
B. To describe the time rates of change for a given flow.
C. To give the velocity and acceleration of the flow.
[Link] a flow is unsteady, its ____ may change with time at a given location.
A. Velocity
B. Temperature
C. Density
D. All of the above
[Link] the flow is steady, there can be changes in velocity at different locations in the flow
field, True or False.
A. True
B. False
[Link] coordinates consist of what two components in 2-D form?
YOUR ANSWER: Along the streamline, s, and perpendicular to the streamline, n.
[Link] a control volume.
YOUR ANSWER: A control volume is a volume in space, independent of mass,
through which fluid may flow.
[Link] a system.
YOUR ANSWER: A system is a collection of matter of fixed identity, which may
move, flow and interact with its surroundings.
[Link] example of a deforming control volume is
A. A jet engine
B. solid pipe
C. balloon

[Link] Reynolds transport theorem provides the relationship between


A. The time rate of change of an extensive property of the system and the control
volume.
B. The time rate of change of the fluid mass and the control volume.
C. The time rate of change of the shape of the fluid and the control volume.
[Link] time derivative associated with a system is always the same as the derivative
associated with a control volume. True or False
A. True
B. False
[Link] standard unit normal vector
A. is tangent to the control surface.
B. is normal to the surface pointing outwards.
C. is normal to the surface pointing inwards.
[Link] is the relationship between the Reynolds transport theorem and the material
derivative?
A. The Reynolds transport theorem is the integral equivalent of the material
derivative.
B. The Reynolds transport theorem is the material derivative equivalent for unsteady flow.
C. There is no relationship.
[Link] type of velocity must be considered when using a moving control volume?
YOUR ANSWER: Relative velocity.

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