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Dynamics of Nonlinear Systems Exam 2012

1) The document describes questions from a Master of Science examination in Physics on dynamical systems. 2) Question 1(a) asks the student to analyze a two dimensional linear system defined by a matrix and identify the type of fixed points based on the determinant and trace. 3) Question 5 is about the Van der Pol equation, asking the student to cast it as a 2D dynamical system and find an appropriate trapping region for the system, which signifies the boundedness of solutions.

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Saikat Payra
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25 views3 pages

Dynamics of Nonlinear Systems Exam 2012

1) The document describes questions from a Master of Science examination in Physics on dynamical systems. 2) Question 1(a) asks the student to analyze a two dimensional linear system defined by a matrix and identify the type of fixed points based on the determinant and trace. 3) Question 5 is about the Van der Pol equation, asking the student to cast it as a 2D dynamical system and find an appropriate trapping region for the system, which signifies the boundedness of solutions.

Uploaded by

Saikat Payra
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

(4)

EX/MSC/PH/II/202/9/12

x3
(b) Invoking the function G(x) = x and the variable
3

MASTER OF SCIENCE EXAMINATION, 2012

y
v = G + , recast your result of (a) in the form

u& = 2 x

x& = ( v G)

(2nd Year, 1st Semester, Day)


PHYSICS
DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS

PHY / TE / 202
Time : Two hours

(c) Plot the function G (x) in the x-v plane and identify the
relevant regions for analyzing the motion along the
curve s o obtained.
4
(d) Why is the motion called a relaxation oscillation?

(3 2ln2)
2

Use a separate Answer-Script for each group)

(e) Prove that the time period around one cycle is


approximately

Full Marks : 40

GROUP - A
Answer any two questions for each group.

6. (a) For the system given by

2xy
x& =
&
2
3
y = x y
find an appropriate function V with the property V > 0
and v& < 0 always. What is your conclusion regarding
the periodivity of the system?
4+1

1. (a) A two dimensional linear system is described by

dx
= Ax
dt
where

a b
x
A=
andx =
c d
y
Analyze the equation and identify the type of fixed
points depending on the determinant ( = det (A)) and
trace ( = trace (A) ).
6

(Turn Over)

(2)

(3)

(b) Find the fixed points of a nonlinear system described


by,

dx
dy
= x + x 3 and
= 2y.
dt
dt

2. (a) Analyze and plot the bifurcation diagram for the one
dimensional system,
4

(b) Analyze and identify the bifurcation for the two


dimensional system,

dx
dy
= x 2 and = y.
dt
dt

Answer any two questions.


4. Solve the equation

Use linearization to classify the fixed points. Show the


flow lines on a x-y plane.
4

dx
= r x x3
dt

GROUP - B

d2 x
+ 2 x + x 3 = 0,( small)
2
dt
following the steps mentioned below :(a) Introduce higher time scales t n = n t (n = 0, 1, 2, ...)
and evaluate the relevant derivatives w.r.t. tn.
(b) Expand x in an appropriate perturbation series.

dr
d
= r + r 3 r 5 and
= + br 2
dt
dt
where ,b > 0 . Identify the nature of the fixed pointss
near the bifurcation(s). Show flow lines around the fixed
points for near c .
8
(b) Argue why limit cycles cannot exist in a linear
system.
2

(c) Combine your anawers to (a) and (b) to write the given
equation of motion upto 1st order in perturbation. 2
(d) Identify the secular divergent terms in the differential
equation for 1st order and write down the amplitude
and phase equations directly.
3
(e) Find the time-period upto 1st order in .

3. (a) Identify the values of the parameter for which


bifurcation(s) occur in the following system,

5. The Van-der Pol equation is given as


&&x + x(x
& 2 1) + 2 x = 0

Assuming to be large ;
(a) Writing y = x& , cast the Vander Pol equation in terms
of a 2-dimensional dynamical system.
1

(Turn Over)

(5)
(b) For the system

x& = x y x 3

3
y& = x + y y
find an appropriate trapping region. [Hint : It will be
shorter to wark with ri expressed in terms of (x,y) rather
than (4,)]
What is the significance of this trapping region? 4+1

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