B (mL/min)
pH
pOH
CA0 (mol/L)
CA (mol/L)
rA (mol/min.L)
ln(-rA)
40
11.71
2.29
0.05
0.005128614
3.589710893
1.278072
80
11.77
2.23
0.05
0.005888437
7.057850151
1.95414
120
11.81
2.19
0.05
0.006456542
10.45042985
2.346643
:Result & Discussion
Values in table 1 were used to find the order of the reaction and the
rate constant and figure 1 shows the relation between ln(rate) and
ln(CA) , this relation is linear and the slope represents the value of
the order of reaction which is 4.89 , and the intercept with y axis is
the rate constant at T=300C which is equal to 2*10^10
Ln(-rA) =4.89ln(CA) + 23.71
Table1: Volumetric flow rate of NaOH and ethylacetate at T=30
As volumetric flow rate increase the conductivity increase , so the
.concentration of NaOH increase
@(aC)[Link](ar-)nl
5.2
2
5.1
(Ar-)nl
1
5.0
0
3-
4-
5(AC)nl
Figure1: relation between ln CA and ln rate at T=30c
6-
Table2 : Volumetric flow rate of NaOH and ethylacetate at T = 40c
B (mL/min)
pH
pOH
CA0 (mol/L)
CA (mol/L)
rA (mol/min.L)
40
11.58
2.42
0.05
0.003801894
3.695848483
80
11.56
2.44
0.05
0.003630781
7.419075112
120
11.53
2.47
0.05
0.003388442
11.18677403
ln(-rA)
ln(CA)
1.30721 5.5722559
2.004054 5.6183076
2.414732 5.6873852
AC)nl .sv(Ar-)nl
3
5.2
4.13 - x59.5 - = (x)f
2
1 = R
5.1
(Ar-)nl
1
5.0
16.5-
0
26.5-
36.5-
46.5-
56.5-
66.5-
76.5-
86.5-
96.5-
7.5-
(AC)nl
Figure2: relation between ln CA and ln rate at T=40
From table 2 and figure 2 , the rate constant at T = 40 equal to 1.1*10^27
After that the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction was studied by
changing the temperature inside the reactor using a coil at different rates.
After plotting the values of the rate constant versus the temp reciprocal
the equation of the trade line gives the value of the activation energy and
.the frequency factor
Table3: T and k Value
T(K)
k
303
1/T
2.14E+13
lnk
0.0033
30.694412
313
1.81E+34
0.003195
78.88122
T/[Link] knl
001
08
49.8351 + x78.899654 - = (x)f
06
1 = R
knl
04
02
0
0
0
T/1
Figure3: relation between 1/T and ln K
From the equation ln K = LnK0 (E/R)*(1/T)
The slope equal to (E/R) = 456999
And the intercept equal to lnK0 =1538.9
:References
. Labortary sheet of chemical process : DR Khall AL-Haljouli
:Sample Calculation
PH = - log[H+]
10^(PH-14) = [-OH]
CA = [OH-]
For the first reading
CA = [OH] = 10^(11.71-14)
CA = 0.005128 M
rA = ( CA0 CA) * v/V(mol/min.L ) 3.58 = 40/500* ( 0.005128 0.05 ) =
:Introduction
Steady state mixed flow reactor (CSTR) is a reactor in which the contents are well
stirred and uniform throughout. The exit stream from this reactor has the same
composition and temperature as the fluid inside the reactor. The performance equation
for the mixed reactor is obtained from the material balance of component A.
For isothermal and constant density reactions, the performance equation is
V/ = = (CA0 - CA) / (-rA)
Where:
V
CA0
is the reactor volume, which can be measured.
is the total volumetric flow rate of both solutions (A + B ).
is the initial concentration of A in the reactor.
Rearranging equation 1, gives
(-rA) = (CA0 CA) / V
From which the rate of the reaction can be calculated for each (CA).
Changing the volumetric flow rate, will change CA and (-rA) accordingly.
For different experiments with different volumetric flow rates, a table of CA vs. (-rA)
can be constructed.
Using the following relation,
ln (-rA) = ln k + n ln (CA),
3
Plotting ln (-rA) versus ln (CA), gives a straight line. The slope of this line is n (the
order of reaction) and the intercept with the y axis is k at the specified temperature.
By performing the experiment at different temperatures, k as a function of
temperature can be obtained.
Plotting ln k versus 1/T, (T in Kelvin), the activation energy and the frequency factor
can be found using Arrhenius equation, k = k0 exp(-E/RT) = ln k = ln k0 (E/R)
(1/T). 4