Spring Final Notes & Equation Sheet
Algebra 2 Pre-AP
Unit 7 Logs:
Exponential Function:
ex=a
Natural
Exponential
Function
Logarithmic
Function
bk=N
logbN=k
Domain
(-, )
[0,)
Range
[0,)
(-, )
Asymptote
y=0 ( x-axis)
x=0 (y-axis)
X-int
NONE
(1,0)
Y-int
(0,1)
NONE
Logarithmic
Function:
lnea=
x
No [Link]
Range of all real numbers....Log
Y-axis is an asymptote..Log
Has a y-intercept....Log
X-axis is an asymptote..Log
Range is [0,)..............................Exp
Unit 8 Logs 2:
Compound Interest Formula
A=P(1+r/n)nt
Continuously Compounded Interest Formula
A=Pert
Decibel Voltage Gain Formula
D=10logE
E
(E= the output voltage)
(E= the input voltage)
Unit 14:
Pascals Triangle:
*** starts with row 0
(n) denotes the r element in row n of Pascals triangle.
(r)
Synthetic Division:
The second method used to divide polynomials is called synthetic (short) division. This method is only used
when a polynomial is divided by a first degree binomial of the form x-k, where the coefficient of x is 1.
(n) =
(r)
Pascals Triangle
(n=row)
(r=element)
Is
i = I
i = -1
n!
r!(n-r)!
i = -I
i = 1
Unit 15:
Polynomial Functions- Rational Zeros Theorem: Let f be a polynomial with integral coefficients. The only
possible rational zeros of f are p/q where p is a factor of the constant term of f(x) and q is a factor of the
leading coefficient.
Rational Zeros Theorem
factors of constant
factors of leading coefficient
Even Degree & Positive Leading Coefficient
as x +; y +
as x -; y +
Even Degree & Negative Leading Coefficient
as x +; y -
as x -; y -
Odd Degree & Positive Leading Coefficient
as x +; y +
as x -; y -
Odd Degree & Negative Leading Coefficient
as x +; y -
as x -; y +
+ p
- q
Unit 16:
Rational Functions
f(x)=
N(x) & D(x) are POLYNOMIALS
Function
f(x)
Inverse of a function
f(x)
RF
RF
N(x)
D(x)
Vertical Asymptotes
the 0s of the denominator
Horizontal Asymptote: (h.a.)
..n < m h.a. is y=0
..n = m
..n > m NO h.a.
RF
Intercepts:
..y-int
..x-int
RF
Holes
h.a. is y= leading coefficient
leading coefficient
(slant asymptote)...long div. poly.
TO FIND:
let x=0, solve for y
(if any) are the 0s of the numerator
hole if a 0 in num. matches a 0 in denom.
To Determine: simplify func. & plug in the 0
Unit 12:
Distance Formula
d=(x - x) + (y - y)
Midpoint Formula
( (x + x), (y + y) )
2
2
Slope Formula
m= y - y
x - x
Point-Slope Formula (lin. eq.)
y - y = m(x - x)
Slope-Intercept Formula (lin. eq.)
y=mx+b
Name of Formula/Equation
Formula/Equation
Perpendicular Lines
slopes are - reciprocals of each other
Parallel Lines
same slope
Line Tangent to a Circle
touches circle at ONLY 1 point
(perpendicular to the radius at that 1 point)
Perpendicular Bisector Equation
must know midpoint of line and its slope
Standard Form of a Circle
(x - h) + (y - k) = r
center of circle is (h,k); radius of circle is r
Circle (radius r) @ Origin
x + y = r
Find Center of Circle & Radius?
Completing The Square
(in x+y+ax+by+c=0 form)
UNIT 12/13:
Standard Form of a Circle
center of circle is (h,k); radius of circle is r
(x - h) + (y - k) = r
Circle (radius r) @ Origin
x + y = r
Find Center of Circle & Radius?
Completing The Square
(in x+y+ax+by+c=0 form)
Center of Ellipse
midpoint of F and F
Ellipse Standard Form
x + y = 1
a b
Vertices of Ellipse (major axis)
(a,0) and (-a,0)
Co-Vertices of Ellipse (minor axis)
(b,0) and (-b,0)
Foci of Ellipse
(c,0) and (-c,0)
Ellipse Values (equation)
c = a - b
Equation for Conics:
Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F =0
An ellipse if
B2 4 AC < 0
A parabola if
B2 4 AC = 0
A hyperbola if B2 4 AC > 0
Unit 17:
Sequence = (,) or (.)
Series = (+)
Arithmetic
Recursive:
a1 = ?
Explicit:
an = a1 + (n-1)d
Sum of the Series:
1)d)
an = an-1 + d
Sn = n/2(a1 + an)
OR
Sn = n/2(2a1 + (n-
Geometric
Recursive:
g1 = ?
Explicit:
gn = g1(rn-1)
Sum of a Finite/Infinite Series:
Sigma Notation:
7
gn = (gn-1)r
Sn = g1 (1-rn)
1-r
OR
Sn =
# of terms
3n + 8 arithmetic explicit
n=1
start term
Unit 18-Trig. Identities:
g1
1-r