ir
hok
me
dS
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
Casing Setting Depth Selection
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
Intermediate Casing Depth Selection
Liner Depth Selection
Surface Casing Depth Selection
Conductor Pipe Depth Selection
Pro
me
dS
hok
ir
Casing Setting Depth Selection
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
me
dS
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
Intermediate Casing and Liner
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
me
dS
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
Surface Casing Setting Depth
Selection
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
Surface Casing Depth Selection
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
me
dS
hok
ir
Shallow casing strings such as surface casing are often imposed to
pressures that are more severe than the considerations used to
select the setting depths for intermediate casing and liner. These
pressures usually result from kicks inadvertently taken when drilling
deeper sections.
As a result, surface setting depths are selected to contain kick
pressures rather than the previously described procedures for
intermediate casing.
Kick-imposed equivalent mud weights are the cause for most
underground blowouts. When a kick occurs, the shutin casing
pressure added to the drilling mud hydrostatic pressure exceeds the
formation fracture pressure and results in an induced fracture.
Therefore, the objective of a seat selection procedure that avoids
underground blowouts would be to choose a depth that can
competently withstand the pressures of reasonable kick conditions.
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
Surface Casing Depth Selection
= equivalent mud weight at the depth of interest, lb/gal
= deepest interval, ft
= ft
= incremental kick mud weight increase, lb/gal
= original mud weight, lb/gal
f. D
EMWkick
Total depth
Depth of interest
M
OMW
Pro
Where:
5.3
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
me
dS
hok
ir
A precise determination of kick-imposed pressures can be difficult.
However, a procedure that estimates the values has been proven
in field applications to be quick and effective. Fig. 5-4 represents a
well whose pumps and blowout preventers have simulated a kick.
Eq. 5.3 describes the pressure relationships:
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
Kick pressure-equivalent mud weight relationships
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Kick Tolerance
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
me
dS
Maximum Casing Pressure - MCP
Maximum Allowable Annular Surface Pressure
- MAASP, MASP
Maximum Casing pressure that the formation
can withstand prior to fracture
= (EMW-MW)*0.052*TVDcasing seat
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Kick Tolerance
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Assumes zero pit gain
Mo
ha
me
dS
Maximum ppg kick - Maximum mud weight
increase on a kick prior to formation fracture
= (EMW-MW)*TVDshoe/TVDwell
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
me
dS
Mo
ha
Maximum Kick Volume
hok
ir
Kick Tolerance
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
MKV = Maximum kick volume, bbl
rs = frac gradient at the casing seat, psi/ft
rm= mud gradient, psi/ft
rK= formation pressure gradient, psi/ft
ann cap = annular capacity at depth of influx, bbl/ft
Hs = vertical depth of casing seat, ft
Hv = Vertical depth of the well, ft
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Kick Types
Gas Kicks
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
me
dS
Rapid expansion as gas circulated through choke
Mud gas separators and flare lines used
Gas migration problems
Higher SICP than others
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Kick Types
Gas Kicks, cont.
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
me
dS
Barite settling in OB mud
Solubility of gas masks kick indicators
Flammability of gas
Slugging of gas at choke
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Kick Types
Mo
ha
not flammable
very little expansion
lower SICP than gas or oil
me
dS
Water kicks
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
But, there is still usually some gas present.
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Kick Types
Mo
ha
not flammable
very little expansion
lower SICP than gas or oil
me
dS
Water kicks
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
But, there is still usually some gas present.
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Kick Types
Prediction kick types
Mo
ha
me
dS
Density of gas =1-2 ppg
Density of oil = 6-8 ppg
Density of salt water =8.6-9.0 ppg
SICP SIDPP
r. E
issa
KickDensity MW
Pro
f. D
0.052 height
PitGain , bbl
height
[Link], bbl / ft
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
hok
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
me
dS
Casing Size Selection
Pro
f. D
What size casing and what size bit do we required?
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
Casing Size Selection
hok
ir
Once the setting depths have been determined the next step is
obviously to select the sizes of the casing strings to be set.
me
dS
The sizes will depend on a number of things,
Mo
ha
Two important things to know about selection of casing size:
r. E
issa
Hole size determines casing size, the recommended clearance
For cementing should be taken into consideration.
f. D
Hole size at any point in the well except the surface is determined
by the previous string of casing This means one thing to us.
Pro
In selecting casing size usually have to start at the bottom of the
hole.
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Casing Size Selection
me
dS
The size of the last string of casing run in a well is determined
by the type of completion that will be employed.
Mo
ha
That decision is usually the function of an interdisciplinary team
of reservoir, production, and drilling personnel.
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
There are numerous criteria on which this decision is based, so
we will assume for our purposes that the size of the last string
is predetermined and we will proceed from that point.
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
ir
Casing Size Selection
me
dS
hok
Once we know the diameter of the final liner or string of casing the
procedure proceeds like this:
Mo
ha
Determine the hole size (bit size) for the final string of casing.
Determine what diameter casing will allow that size bit to pass
through it That is the size of the next string of casing.
r. E
issa
Repeat the procedure until all of the hole sizes and casing sizes
have been determined.
Pro
f. D
Precaution: After the casing string have been designed be sure to
check the drift diameter to be certain that the bit will pass
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
me
dS
hok
ir
Casing Size
Selection
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
Casing Size Selection
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
The broken lines indicate
less commonly used hole
sizes. The selection of one
of these broken paths
requires
that
special
attention be given to the
connection, mud weight,
cementing, and doglegs.
ir
Solid
lines
indicate
commonly used bits for
that size pipe and can be
considered
to
have
adequate clearance to
run and cement the
casing or liner.
Typical bit and casing size for hard rock formations.
Casing Size Selection
hok
me
dS
Mo
ha
r. E
issa
f. D
Pro
The broken lines indicate
less commonly used hole
sizes. The selection of one
of these broken paths
requires
that
special
attention be given to the
connection, mud weight,
cementing, and doglegs.
ir
Solid
lines
indicate
commonly used bits for
that size pipe and can be
considered
to
have
adequate clearance to
run and cement the
casing or liner.
typical bit and casing sizes for unconsolidated formations.
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
hok
ir
Casing Size Selection
Pro
f. D
r. E
issa
Mo
ha
me
dS
The previous chart starts with the last string of casing or liner and
works downwards to the first casing string of the well. You can
see on this chart there are many options even for those
situations where the same size liner or casing is to be run. In
general, hard rock offers us more choices and clearance between
the casing and borehole wall can be less than for unconsolidated
wells.
Prof. Dr. Eissa Mohamed Shokir
