Bit Selection and
Well Programming
Bit selection is the heart of Applications Engineering. But choosing the
right bit is only the first step. Optimum operating parameters must be
specified and performance predicted before the process is complete.
As described in this module, well programming is the presentation of bit
recommendations, supplemented with additional information to assist the
customer in deciding which bits to choose, and guidance on how to
achieve the best drilling performance.
Learning Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:
Define the information required to compile a set of bit
recommendations.
Explain bit selection criteria resulting from the influence of:
geology,
drilling fluids,
directional drilling,
drilling dynamics, &
prior drilling history.
Make bit recommendations for any application.
Predict drill bit performance in an application.
Specify operating parameters for your bit recommendations.
Prepare bit recommendations in a graphical format.
Introduction
Each customer and application is different, so every bit program needs to be
constructed to meet the customer's individual requirements.
The bit selection process varies in complexity from the customer specifying
exactly what bit he wants, to an in-depth study of all aspects influencing the
selection of the right bit for the application.
This module outlines all the steps that could be required in developing well
programs tailored to your customers' needs. In the field you may find that not
all the steps detailed here are necessary.
Bit selection is at the heart of a process
that begins and ends with the customer
WELL PROGRAM
Summary
Bit
of
Recommendations Predicted
Well Data
Performance
Operating
Parameters
Offset
Information
Hydraulics
Product
Information
CUSTOMER
Economics
Calculation
DRILLING FLUIDS
INFLUENCES
Mud Type
Mud Weight
REQUEST
Pricing
BIT
SELECTION
GEOLOGY
INFLUENCES
Rock Type
Strength
Abrasiveness
Stickiness
DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
INFLUENCES
Build & Walk rate reqd.
Tangent angle
Drive type
PRIOR
DRILLING HISTORY
Bit types used
Performance standards
Types of vibration
GATHER DATA:
Well Prognosis
Mud Program
Directional Plan
Offset Bit Records
Offset FRRs
Mud Logs
Electric Logs
PARAMETERS
RECOMMENDATION
ANALYSE DATA
Bit Selection and Well Program
Bit Selection
The two elements of bit selection are:
Gathering relevant information
Analyzing the information to make recommendations
Information
The information required for selecting a bit for an application falls into two
categories:
Information concerning the proposed well
Offset information
The information about the proposed well describes the intended
characteristics of the well and the drilling process and techniques that will be
used to construct the well.
Offset information is taken from wells that have already been drilled nearby
and is by far the most important source of data to indicate what can be
expected during the drilling of the well.
Information Concerning the Proposed Well
This comprises; the well prognosis, the mud program and the directional
plan. The quality of the bit recommendations is dependent upon having
complete information on the proposed well. The information required is:
the name of the operator or contractor
the name of the customer
the name of the proposed well
the location it is to be drilled in such as;
county
parish
state
offshore field
block number
hole sizes
casing setting depths and total depth (TD)
Bit Selection and Well Program
a lithology column for the well
mud types to be used in each section
mud properties for each hole size from surface to total depth
In directional wells;
the kick off point
rate of build
hole angle
end of build
any potential hole problems
Offset Information
Useful information from offset wells is gathered from:
Bit Records
Field Run Reports
Mud Logs
Electric Logs
Structure Maps
Maps of the proposed well areas are useful to pin point the exact location and
the offset wells that have been drilled in the surrounding area. Offshore maps
listing the fields and blocks are also used to locate offsets in the area of
interest and the surrounding blocks. The numbering of sections on land and
the blocks offshore is not always in sequential order, making these maps a
valuable tool in locating and sorting the best possible offset bit records.
When looking up offset Bit Records/Field Run Reports for the proposed well
always try to match hole sizes, lithologies, casing depths and mud types and
weights to the requested well profile. Very often not all can be matched, but
the more matches you can find the more accurate the well program will be.
Offset Bit Records and Field Run Reports are only as accurate as the
information entered. These records and reports are the most valuable tool in
the preparation of a well program. The records are pulled from our bit record
files and database. To be of use to you, the records and reports need to be in
our database, and need to be as complete as possible.
Mud logs are usually obtained from the operator and are sometimes available
from one of the local log service companies.
Bit Selection and Well Program
These logs are sometimes available from the operator who has drilled wells
in the area and is requesting the well program. The electric logs can more
often be obtained from the operator or local log service companies if they
have been released by the operators.
Analysis
Analysis of the information collected defines the characteristics of the
application. This will include:
drilling process to be used
desired outcomes for the well
drilling conditions likely to be encountered
standard products currently used in the application
standard performance achieved in the application
The aspects of the well which will influence the bit selection for a given hole
section are:
section length
drilling fluids
directional drilling
geology
drilling dynamics
prior drilling history
Section Length
The length of section to be drilled may give rise to the necessity for a
compromise to be made between footage drilled and rate of penetration. This
could mean choosing a heavier set bit (roller cone or fixed cutter), choosing
an insert bit over a tooth bit or a fixed cutter bit instead of a roller cone.
Drilling Fluids
Information about the drilling fluid to be used will be given in the well
prognosis and mud program. This is information about the process and
techniques that will be used to drill the well.
This may also represent information about desired outcomes of the well.
For example, the drilling fluid may be designed to be non-damaging to the
reservoir.
Bit Selection and Well Program
The type of drilling fluid and its characteristics are usually designed to
satisfy requirements other than maximizing the rate of penetration. This
means that the nature of the drilling fluid will be predetermined and the bit
selection will need to be adapted to the specified fluid.
Roller Cone Bits
Drilling fluid does not significantly influence either the choice of roller
cone bit type or any design features incorporated on the bit.
Fixed Cutter Bits
PDC bit selection is influenced by the type of drilling fluid used. Different
choices may be made depending upon whether oil based or water based
mud is used. Water based mud does not clean PDC bits as effectively as
oil based mud does. This becomes significant in hydrateable formations
like clay or shale. It is most significant when these formations are softer.
In these applications, PDC bits with less blades and/or larger cutters than
would be used in an oil based mud application should be used. Fewer
blades will mean that the bit will be lighter set, which can be compensated
for by using more wear-resistant cutters. Another option may be to
increase the junk slot area, while keeping the blade count the same. This
will improve the efficiency of cuttings removal.
Directional Drilling
Information relating to directional drilling will be given in the well
prognosis and directional plan. This will include both desired outcomes
for the well, like specific build or turn rates and processes and techniques
that will be used to drill the well, like the type of drive to be used
(downhole motor or rotary).
The aspects of directional drilling that will influence the bit selection are:
the requirement to change azimuth (hole direction) in rotary
applications
the rate of build or turn required
the type of drive system to be used
the type of steerable motor used
If rotary assemblies are to be used and a change in azimuth is planned, a
bit with a specific walk tendency may be required. Roller cone bits tend to
walk right in most applications. The walk tendency of a fixed cutter bit
varies depending on its profile and gauge length.
Bit Selection and Well Program
It should be noted that the formation dip and the bottomhole assembly
(BHA) configuration also affect the walk tendency. The formation dip can
have a strong effect on the walk tendency, often over-riding the natural
walk tendency of a bit.
The rate of change of build or turn required could influence the bit
selection. Roller cone bits will all tend to exhibit similar build and turn
characteristics, dependent on the BHA rather than differences in the bit
design. The build and turn rates achievable with fixed cutter bits will be
dictated by design aspects of the bit.
Most roller cone and fixed cutter bits will be capable of holding angle in a
tangent section, provided an appropriate BHA is used.
All roller cone and PDC bits can be run on rotary. Some natural diamond
and TSP fixed cutter bits are best run on a downhole motor, particularly
those with smaller diamonds (e.g. impregnated bits.)
There is a limit to the rotary speed that can be used with roller cone bits.
This means that they are not suitable for use on motors that operate at high
rotary speeds. This applies to some turbines and some PDMs. Similarly,
flatter profile fixed cutter bits are not suited to high RPM motors.
When a PDC bit is used with a downhole motor it exerts a reactive torque
on the motor. This is due to the cutting action of the bit which fails the
rock by shearing. Reactive torque causes the body of the motor to turn by
a certain amount to the left. This causes the toolface to turn also. The
toolface is what the directional driller uses to determine the direction the
well is going.
If the on-bottom torque while drilling varies, the toolface will swing
erratically from left to right. This makes it very difficult to steer the well
in the right direction.
When a downhole motor is to be used for directional work in softer
formations, the likelihood of an erratic toolface will be higher if lighter set
PDC bits or PDC bits with larger cutters are used. The bit selection should
take this into account and avoid it if possible.
Directional work using a downhole motor involves a bend in the BHA.
This could be above the motor or on the motor body. The bend offsets the
drill bit so that it contacts the wall of the hole. This imparts side force to
the bit proportional to the amount of offset. The side force is necessary for
the bit to drill directionally but can affect performance or at worst damage
the bit.
Fixed cutter bits, particularly those with a rounded profile suffer least
under these side loading conditions.
Bit Selection and Well Program
Geology
The sources of information for an analysis of geological considerations
are:
Bit Records
Field Run Reports
Mud Logs
Electric Logs
The aspects of geology the influence bit selection are the rock properties
of:
hardness
abrasiveness
stickiness
A standard classification of rock compressive strength is given in the
"Engineering Classification for Intact Rock" as shown in the table below.
Engineering Classification for Intact Rock
Classification
Compressive Strength (psi)
Very Low Strength
Low Strength
Medium Strength
High Strength
Very High Strength
< 4,000
4,000 - 8,000
8,000 - 16,000
16,000 - 32,000
> 32,000
Reference: Deere, D.U., and Miller, R.P., "Engineering Classification and Index
Properties for Intact Rock", Report No. AFWL-TR-65-116, U.S. Air Force Weapons
Laboratory, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, 1966, p 137.
Roller Cone Bit Selection
A general correlation between the standard IADC bit codes and rock
strength is given in the following table:
Bit Selection and Well Program
Classification
Mill
Tooth
Very Low Strength
Low Strength
Medium Strength
High Strength
Very
High
Strength
1
1,2
2,3
3
TCI
EB
TCI
4,5
5,6
6,7
8
4,5
4,5,6
5,6,7
8
Fixed Cutter Bit
Selection
A general guide to
cutter selection is
provided. Note that bit design, bit size, and formation abrasivity are not
taken into account.
Bit Selection and Well Program
Classification
Compressive Lithology
Strength (psi) Type
Very Low Strength < 4000
Low Strength
Medium Strength
High Strength
4000 - 8000
8000 - 16000
16000 - 32000
Very High Strength >32000
Bit Selection and Well Program
Cutter Type
Anhydrite
PDC
Chalk
PDC
Salt
PDC
Sandstone
PDC
Shale
PDC
Anhydrite
PDC
Chalk
PDC
Limestone
PDC
Salt
PDC
Sandstone
PDC
Shale
PDC
Anhydrite
PDC
Basalt
Nat. Dia.
Chalk
PDC
Dolomite
TSP/PDC
Limestone
TSP/PDC
Sandstone
TSP/PDC
Shale
TSP/PDC
Volcanic Tuff
Nat. Dia.
Basalt
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Chert
TSP/Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Dolomite
TSP/Nat. Dia./PDC
Granite
TSP/Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Limestone
TSP/Nat. Dia./PDC
Quartzite
TSP/Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Sandstone
TSP/Nat. Dia./PDC
Shale
TSP/Nat. Dia./PDC
Volcanic Tuff
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Basalt
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Chert
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Dolomite
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Granite
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Limestone
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia./PDC
Quartzite
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
Sandstone
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia./PDC
Shale
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia./PDC
Volcanic Tuff
Nat. Dia./Impreg. Dia.
10
Drilling Dynamics
The occurrence of vibration during drilling in an application may be
detected from bit records, field run reports or electric logs. It is important
to determine if vibration is likely to occur and if so, what kind of vibration
it is. The table below gives ways of detecting different types of vibration.
Real Time
Torque Fluctuation
Slip Stick
>Torque Cyclicity
Slip Stick
>MWD Shocks
Slip Stick BHA Whirl
>Torque Cyclicity
BHA Whirl
Bit Whirl
High Freq. D/H Lat./Tor. vibration
BHA Whirl
Bit Whirl
<ROP
Bit Whirl
Bounce
WOB Fluctuation
Bounce
Surface Vibration
Bounce
Post Run
Conn. Over torque/Back off
Slip Stick
Twist off/Washout
Slip Stick BHA Whirl
Cutter impact damage
Slip Stick
Bounce
Bit Whirl
Over gauge hole
Bounce
Bit Whirl
Tool joint wear
BHA Whirl
Stabilizer damage
BHA Whirl
If vibration is likely to occur in an application, an inherently stable bit
design may be selected, or vibration reducing features may be applied to
an existing design (refer to Drilling Dynamics Chapter).
Prior Drilling History
Analysis of offset Bit Records and Field Run Reports establishes the
product type and drilling performance standards for the application.
This contributes to bit selection, enables performance predictions to be
made and can give guidelines for recommended operating parameters.
This analysis is also used to make product performance comparisons with
the competitors bits. These comparisons are very useful in bit proposals to
Bit Selection and Well Program
11
justify bit selections and demonstrate superior levels of performance to the
customer.
The analysis of Bit Records or Field Run Reports can be broken down into
a series of steps:
Comparison of bit types
Comparison of drilling performances
Selection of the proposed bit
Prediction of the performance of the proposed bit
Specification of the operating parameters for the proposed bit
Comparison of Bit Types
Hundreds of Roller Cone and Fixed Cutter bit designs are commercially
available for oilfield use. Four major manufacturers market competitive
product lines of 1000 or more distinctly different bits. Several smaller
manufacturers produce at least 100 additional bits. Why are there so many
bit designs? The following explanation was published over 30 years ago
but it remains equally true today:
The efficiency of any drilling operation depends largely upon the choice
of a bit type most suitable for a given set of conditions. Differences in
information and drilling techniques require a large number of bit types for
optimum results.
In the past, the industry was also guilty of making changes without a full
analysis of the requirements and solutions required. We also need to better
evaluate dulls and performance from a true system perspective.
Roller Cone Bit Comparison
The history of roller cone bits reveals a decades-long evolution of
technical ingenuity applied to drilling holes in the earth. At least three
factors typify this period:
Every new drilling environment results in the development of new bit
designs
New generations of better bits are introduced much more frequently due to
new application design and software improvements.
As the new bits replace older designs, step change development is
increasing in pace. Educating all concerned on the real issues has helped
accelerate the pace of new developments.
Bit Selection and Well Program
12
Bit Design
The primary design factors to be considered in roller cone bit comparisons
are:
Tooth Extension
Tooth Shape
Number of Teeth
Insert Diameter
Insert Material
Bottom Hole Profile
Cone Offset
Hydraulic Design
Hard Facing Material
Age of Design
Tooth Extension
Longer Teeth allow the teeth to penetrate through un-removed cuttings
and filter cake on bottom and transfer weight to the tips of the teeth
contacting un-fractured rock. Under perfect hydraulic cleaning conditions,
small differences in projection should not affect ROP. However, in most
field situations, hydraulic cleaning is a factor and more projection
provides higher ROP.
Tooth Shape
Tooth shape affects ROP by virtue of the relationship between cross
sectional area of the tooth in contact with the rock at a given penetration
of the tooth into the rock. The sharper tooth presents a smaller cross
sectional area at a given depth of penetration providing a higher stress on
the rock for a given weight supported by the tooth. This higher stress
fractures a larger volume of rock and makes a bigger crater at each tooth
impact.
Number of Teeth
Number of teeth on the bit affects ROP in two ways:
More teeth, closely spaced, increases the balling tendency of the bit
Bit Selection and Well Program
13
The more teeth on the bit, the more teeth in contact with the formation at
any time sharing the available WOB.
This reduces the weight applied to each tooth and reduces stress on the
rock producing smaller craters. On the other hand, more teeth provide
more tooth impacts per revolution, thereby creating more craters per
revolution.
The net effect of more teeth is generally less ROP since the reduction in
stress per tooth is more important (volume of crater) than the increase in
number of craters formed per revolution. The obvious correction for a bit
with more teeth is to run more WOB to increase the weight per tooth.
Cone Offset
Larger cone offset or skew (refer to Chapter3, Roller Cone Bit Product
Knowledge) increases ROP by emphasizing the dragging action of the bit
teeth. This dragging action helps remove broken rock chips from the
craters formed by the stress applied to the rock. It is important in soft
formations where the chip formation rate is high or in highly overbalanced
conditions where chip removal is difficult due to high chip hold down
forces. Larger Cone offset will mean greater wear on the gauge of the bit.
When comparing bit performances, cone offset needs to be similar to have
a more valid comparison.
Comparison using the IADC Classification
IADC classification assigned to the design is based on count, extension,
offset, journal angle, and considered application relative to formation of
competitors designs. This procedure is at best a guess.
Thus, the I.A.D.C. classification chart for bit selection should only be used
as a guideline. A more precise method is by design profile comparison.
Profile/Competitive Product Sheet
These are available for many of Security DBS products, but if not they
can be obtained at the field stock-points or on location. Instruments used
to measure the relevant bit design features are:
depth gauge
circle templates
radius gauge
caliper
gauge ring
Bit Selection and Well Program
14
machinist measuring rule
Bit Selection and Well Program
15
Product Profile Sheet - Roller Cone Bit
Bit Selection and Well Program
16
Completing Product Profile Sheets for competitor products can provide
useful information to determine possible strengths and/or weaknesses and
more so, to make bit selection a science.
Problem: Offset bit records show that a Smith 7 7/8" F7 was run for a
certain interval. Performance and dull conditions were acceptable. The
customer likes Security DBS and wants to know what your
recommendation would be. The F7 is 7-3-7-Y. What would be your best
selection based on the following:
Bit
type
F7
XS87
XS73
XS69
IADC
Code
7-3-7Y
7-4-7Y
7-1-7Y
6-4-7Y
Total
Count
144
156
150
150
Gauge
Count
46
53
49
49
Ext.
.250
.220
.250
.250
Insert
Shape
DC
DC
DC
DC
Offset
0
1
1
2
Based on the comparisons, the choices would be the XS73 (I.A.D.C. 7-17Y) or XS69 (I.A.D.C. 6-4-7Y) based on count, extension, and offset.
NOTE:
Even though the XS87 (I.A.D.C. code 7-4-7Y) would be the likely choice based on the
I.A.D.C. classification chart, penetration rate would probably have suffered due to the
increased insert count.
The major design factors for competitive bits obtained from the Product
Profile Sheets can be listed in chart format to facilitate comparison.
The more we know about our products, as well as those of the competition
the better prepared we will be to perform our job functions. Customer
acceptance and perception will be enhanced as a result.
It is strongly recommended that bit design data be accumulated in area,
and distributed to all sales personnel as a technical sales tool. In
conjunction, the sales force would benefit from training in gathering the
preceding design criteria.
Fixed Cutter Bit Comparison
The fixed cutter bit design aspects that should be considered when
comparing performances on a Bit Record or Field Run Report are:
Cutter count
Cutter size
Cutter type
Blade count
Bit Selection and Well Program
17
Hydraulic configuration
Junk slot area
Profile
Cutter Count
The cutter count indicates how heavily set the bit is. When comparing
fixed cutter bit runs on a Bit Record or Field Run Report, the bit with less
cutters (providing they are of similar size and type) will usually have a
higher rate of penetration. Normally, this will be at the expense of bit life
normally.
Cutter Size
For a given bit diameter, larger cutters take up more space, therefore there
are less of them. This means that if you compare two bits of the same
diameter having different sized cutters, the one with larger cutters will
drill faster.
Cutter Type
There are numerous variations of PDC cutters and different grades of
natural diamond cutters. The cutter type should be checked when making
performance comparisons between bits to ensure that an apples to
apples comparison is being made. Security DBSs PDC cutters types and
their main characteristics are listed below along with our competitors
premium offerings.
Security DBS
Cutter
Ring Claw
Z3
Characteristic
High impact resistance with standard
abrasion resistance.
Good impact resistance with industry
leading abrasion resistance and
thermal mechanical integrity.
Competition
Competitor
Hughes Christensen
Premium Offering
Zenith
Hycalog
T-Rex
GeoDiamond
H.O.T.
Bit Selection and Well Program
18
Blade Count
The lower the number of blades on a PDC bit, the better its cleaning
characteristics. This will translate to higher rates of penetration. Compare
blade count on bits in similar applications to see if this accounts for
differences in performance.
Hydraulic Configuration
The hydraulic configuration of a fixed cutter bit determines how
efficiently the cuttings are removed from the bit face. The better the
cleaning, the faster the bit will drill. The hydraulic configuration of a PDC
bit is the relationship between the number of nozzles and the number of
blades. An optimized configuration is one (or more) nozzle per blade.
When comparing PDC bits, check the number of nozzles and the number
of nozzles per blade.
There are two main types of hydraulic configuration for surface set bits,
radial flow and crossflow. These should be match for valid comparisons of
surface set bits.
Junk Slot Area
Bits with the same number of blades may have different junk slot areas.
The bit with the larger junk slot area is likely to exhibit better cleaning
characteristics, particularly in WBM applications when soft clay or shale
is being drilled.
Profile
The profile of a fixed cutter bit is a very significant feature which
influences; rate of penetration, bit life, dynamic stability and steerability.
In comparing fixed cutter bit performances, it is essential to check how the
profiles of the bits being compared match. The closer the match, the more
relevant the comparison will be.
Comparison of Drilling Performances
With the comparison of drilling performances you are looking for like bit
types achieving similar performances.
Carefully review the offset records, comparing rates of penetration footage
drilled, hours on the bit (mainly for roller cone bits) and dull conditions.
The bit dull grading information on a bit record is a very important aspect
of the performance of offset bit runs. The drilling parameters used for each
run; weight on bit, rotary speed and flow rate should be checked for
differences that could account for differences in performance.
Bit Selection and Well Program
19
Always examine the runs for building or dropping angle, because the rate
of penetration will almost always be lower when directional work is being
done.
Check the formations listed and any remarks that are listed next to the run.
Grouping two or three bit runs or a certain footage interval can give you a
better picture of what bit to recommend. Go through each individual bit
run on all the offset wells for the different hole sizes being programmed.
A good bit selection depends upon the results of the comparisons made.
This analysis establishes the benchmark performance for the set of offset
information used. The benchmark performance is the performance that,
based on your analysis of the offset Bit Records, you consider the standard
for the application. The accuracy of this assessment is entirely
dependent on the amount and quality of the data you have used.
The bit type that, as a result of your analysis, has been established as the
standard for the application can be used as the basis of your bit selection.
The next step is to assess the suitability of this bit in relation to the other
factors that influence bit selection.
If your final bit choice matches the bit type that you established as the
standard for the set of offset information you analyzed, the average
performance achieved for that bit and the operating parameters used can
form the basis of your performance prediction and parameter
recommendations.
Establishing the benchmark performance for specific bit types in similar
applications allows performance comparisons to be made. These
comparisons strongly influence the customers bit choice
Bit selection is the analysis of well and drilling process information in
relation to drill bit design. The quality of the final bit recommendations is
dependent upon the quantity and quality of the information available
for analysis.
The bit recommendations you make will be tailored to your customers
requirements. It is important that you know what these requirements are
before you try to put together your recommendations. A clear understanding
of what the customer considers a good performance is necessary if you are
going to put together a successful bit program for his well.
Be aware that good performance can relate to aspects such as well quality
or directional objectives and not simply rate of penetration and bit life. Also
try to assess his level of satisfaction with bit performance in recent offset
wells. Your objective may be to match a previous performance or surpass it if
the customer considers the previous efforts inadequate.
Bit Selection and Well Program
20
Well Programming
The information supplied in the well program should match the
customers requirements. This will mean that individual programs will
differ in appearance and style. Whatever information the customer
requires in your proposal, it should be to a high standard of presentation. It
is strongly recommended to use one of the various spreadsheets, graphics
programs or custom written software available for the purpose.
A complete well program will contain the following:
Summary of well information supplied, including
Lithology column
Casing program
Mud program
Directional plan
Bit Recommendations, including
Predicted performance
Recommended operating parameters
Hydraulics calculation and recommended nozzle sizes
Economics calculation
Offset information used for analysis
Product information, including
Bit specifications
Photographs
Pricing information
The summary of well information allows the customer to verify that your
understanding of the application and that your recommendations are based
on the actual circumstances of his well.
A single page with the information represented graphically and in color is
the most effective way of presenting the summary of well information, bit
recommendations, predicted performance and recommended operating
parameters.
Bit Selection and Well Program
21
Various hydraulics programs exist. Use the one that best suits your
customers needs.
An economics calculation is an excellent way of justifying the selection of
a Security DBS bit in preference to one from a competitor. The economics
calculation may also be used to propose a fixed cutter bit to replace
several roller cone bit runs.
The credibility of your recommendations will be enhanced by including
the offset records used in your analysis of the application. This allows the
customer to see what has been used before in the application giving him
confidence in your bit selection.
Inclusion of product information is very important. It allows the customer
to make comparisons with other products being recommended. Make sure
that design features differentiating your recommendation from that of a
competitor are highlighted.
Finally, every customer will be interested in knowing the price.
Bit Selection and Well Program
22
