31, 1940.

E. c. MMLEAN

2,22 7,098

ROTARY FOOD PULVERI-ZER AND JUICE EXTRIACTOR

lFiled- May 23, 1938

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Dec. 31, 1940. '

E, c, MacLEAN

2,227,098

ROTARY FOOD PULVERIZER AND JUICE EXTRACTOR

Filed May 23-, 19:58

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INVENTOR

[was]; We: Lea/2

MWATTORNEY

Dec. 31, 1940.

' E; c, MacLEAN

' \

2,227,098

ROTARY FOOD PULVERIZER AND JUICE EXTRACTOR

Filed llay 23, 1938

5/

'

3 Sheets-Sheet 3

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INVENTOR

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ATTORNEY

Patented Dec. 31, 1940

227,098

UNITED STATES

PATENT 'GFFICE

2,227,098
ROTARY FOOD PULVERIZER AND JUICE

EXTRACTOR
Ernest C. MaoLean, Seattle, Wash.
Application May 23, 1938, Serial No. 209,413
In Canada May 25, 1937
4 Claims. (01. 146-3)
This invention relates to a rotarycentrifugal

machine for pul'verizing liquid bearing food prod

ucts, or like material containing a vhigh liquid or
juice content, and for extracting the liquid or
5 juice content from said pulverized food products
or material.

inside pulp portion out of citrus fruits without

grinding up or pulverizing the peeling thus mak

ing it possible to cut the citrus fruit in half, grind
out the pulp and extract the juice from the pulp
without getting any of-theoils and juices of the
peeling in the fruit juice.

A primary object of this invention is to pro

vide a rotary centrifugal machine which will re
duce a juice containing food product to a very
m v?nely divided pulp and extract therefrom a very
high percentage of the liquid content or juice at

Other objects ofthe invention are to provide

a high speed rotary pulverizer and juice extractor
of strong, simple and e?icient construction in
which the several parts are readily dis-assembled

for the purpose of cleaning, removal or replace

ment, to provide a machine of this type which
of handling of the food thus rendering this ma
is sanitary and easily sterilized and which is
chine cheaper to operate and more sanitary and ' made of non corrosive material and to provide a
15 more e?icient in operation than are presses of '
machine of this type which is neat and compact
a single operation and with a minimum amount

the commonly used type which require the food

to ?rst be ground and thenplaced in the press
and subjected to pressure to extract the juice.
Another object of the invention is to provide a
20 high speed rotary type machine which has both
a shearing and a beating action on the food
thereby pulverizing the food very ?nely and thor

oughly breaking down the cellular structure of

the food thus releasing valuable food elements

in construction and which is readily made in

diiferent sizes as may be required for commercial
or domestic use.

Other and more specific objects of the inven

tion will be apparent from the following descrip
tion taken in connection with the accompanying

drawings.

In the drawings

Fig. 1 is a view in vertical section of a centrifu

25 not ordinarily recovered in extracted food juices > gal food pulverizing and juice extractor con
and further giving a very high yield of juices structed in accordance with this invention, the

from the food by making it possible to separate motor being shown~ in elevation.
a very large percentage of the juice from the pulp.
Fig. 2 is a view in cross section substantially on
Another object is to provide a high speed cen
30 trifugal machine of this nature which thoroughly
breaks down the cell structure of the food and
at the same time aerates the food and the juice
by bringing fresh air into intimate contact with
the .food and the juice during the process of
35 pulverizing the food and separating the juice.
Another object is to provide a high speed rotary
1 machine which may be used for pulverizing food

and reducing said food to avery ?nely divided

pulp without extracting thejuice therefrom thus

40 processing the food so that it will not require
chewing and will be in condition for quick and
highly ei?cient assimilation by the digestive or
gans of the body.

Another object is to provide a high speed rotary

portion of the juice has been extracted therefrom

50 said ?nely divided'solid matter being especially
well adapted for use as a soup stock for thicken

Another object of the invention is to provide

a high speed rotary juice extractor of this nature
55 which is equipped with means for grinding the

Fig. 3 is a'fragmentary sectional view on an

enlarged scale taken substantially on broken line

33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a detached elevation of a high speed

rotary blade embodied in the invention. '

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of said blade substan

tially on broken line 55 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrat

ing a modi?ed form of the invention.
Fig. T is a vertical sectional view of a modi?ed

form of centrifugal food pulverizer and juice ex

tractor constructed in accordance with my in~
vention.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view showing

45 machine which will pulverize and reduce to a

very ?nely divided state the solid or ?brous mat
,ter of the food thus rendering said solid or ?brous
matter suitable for use as a food after the major

ing of soups and for like purposes.

broken line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

the cover portion of the machine removed and a

citrus fruit reamer applied to the main shaft of 45

the machine.

'

Fig. 9 is a sectional view through the citrus

fruit reamer and main shaft taken substantially
on broken line 9-9 of Fig. 8 and on a larger

scale than Fig. 8.

50
Like reference numerals designate like parts
throughout the severalv views.
Referring to the drawings,_ l designates an
electric motor mounted on a base I and having
a substantially vertical driven shaft 8 which ex

2,227,098

tends upwardly therefrom. A cylindrical recep

tacle 9 is supported on the upper end portion of
I the motor '6 and theshaft 8 extends'upwardly
into the receptacle 9. A drain spout I0 is pro
vided in the bottom portion of the receptacle 9
to permit the discharge of extracted juices or
liquid. The upper end portion of the receptacle
9 preferably isclosed by a removable cover mem

ber II which is secured to the receptacle Si- by

10 bolt and wing nut means I2.

Only one bolt and

wing nut means is shown but preferably three of

these bolt and wing nut devices will be provided.
Also the form of the receptacle may be altered as

shown in Fig. 6, by making a cover portion II

15 which is relatively deep and a base portion 9
relatively shallow.

A screen holding device is mounted on the motor

shaft Bwithin the receptacle 9. This screen hold

ing device comprises a disc shaped bottom plate
20 I3 having a plurality of upwardly extending sup

ports I4 at the peripheral portion thereof, which

supports I4 are'connected within cylindrical top
ring I5. The upright supports I 4 are spaced from
the walls of the receptacle 9 and are relatively
25 narrow leaving relatively large open spaces be~

tween these supports. Preferably these upright

supports are bent to provide upright grooves It for
the reception of" upright rib portions ll of a sub
stantially cylindrical screen I8,-as hereinafter set

so

forth. The disc shaped bottom plate I3 has a

centrally positioned hub portion IS which ?ts over

the shaft '8. Preferably the shaft 8 is of square

_ cross section and is of gradual taper, being larger

at the bottom and smaller at the top. The hub

portion I9 has a square hole 20 which is tapered
and adapted to fit over the square shaft 8 as shown
' in Figs. 1 and 3.

By this means the screen hold

ing member is accurately centered on the shaft 8

and ?rmly secured to said shaft so that it will
40 rotate therewith but is readily removable from
said shaft. Obviously the cross sectional shape of
the shaft may be varied as long as means are pro

vided for securing the screen holding member to

said shaft in such a manner that it will rotate with

of the shaft 8. The outer end portions of said

blades are wide enough, in vertical directions, to
provide a fan or blower action and to serve as

beaters for the food and said outer end portions

are curved or inclined rearward relative to the

direction of rotation of the rotor member, see Fig.

5, so that said blades will draw air from above the
rotor and drive said air downwardly when the
rotor is rotated in the direction indicated by the
arrows in Figs. 2 and 5. The rotor hub 24, shown

in Fig. 1, has .a square hole 3| therein which fits

over the'square upper end portion of the motor
shaft 8. The bottom portion of this hub 24 rests
on ?xed stud means 32 on the shaft 8 and a read

ily removable wing nut 33 is provided for securing

the rotor hub 24 on the shaft 8. Clearance
grooves 34 are provided in the Walls of the square

hole 20 in the hub portion I9 of the screen holder,

Figs. 1 and 3, so that the screen holder hub I9 may

\ be slipped over the studs 32 in placing said screen 20

holder on, or taking it off of 'the shaft 8. The

taper of the shaft 8 insures a tight ?t of both
hubs I9 and '24 on said shaft.
A relatively ?xed food chute 28 is secured to the
cover member I I and extends downwardly toward
. the rotor blades to a point just clear of the path
of the topedges of said blades. The upper end

portion of this chute is preferably outwardly flared.

to better receive material to be introduced there
through.

The lower end of the chute 28 is pro

30

vided with narrow internal shoulders 29 to form

stops for a feeding block or tool 30, a fragment

of which is shown in Fig. l. Thisfeeding tool 30

is'too large to-pass the shoulders 29 and said

shoulders 29 make it impossible for the feeding 35

tool 30 to be thrust downwardly into the rotor.
The bottom end of the feed chute 28v is posi
tioned in close proximity to the top edges of the
blades 25 so that the rapidly rotating blades have
both a shearing and a beating action on the mate

40

rial which is being introduced through the chute.

< As these blades travel at a very high velocity they
reduce the material to a very ?nely divided pulp

'and thoroughly break up the cell structure of the

material thus releasing substantially all of the 45
juices. At the same time the blades 25 draw air
downwardly through the chute 28 and bring this
air into intimate contact with the finely pulverized

45 the shaft and is quickly and easily removable

therefrom. For instance, this shaft may be circu
lar, see shaft 2I in Fig. 6, and may have a spline 22
thereon to fit within a suitably shaped opening
foodand the juices from said food thus aerating
in the hub portion of a screen holder.
50
The removable screen I8 is of ?nely perforated ' the food and the juices in a manner which is bene
50
?cial
to
some
foods
in
improving
?avor
and
re'
. construction. The size of the perforations or
,_
openings 23 of this screen and distance between tarding deterioration.
The blades 25 travel at a high speed and the
adjacent perforations is greatly exaggerated in
feed chute 28 is positioned at a substantial dis
the drawings. These sizes will vary with different
55
5.5 screens. Several of said screens of different mesh tance from the center of the machine so that the
'blades
strike
the
food
at
a
very
high
velocity
and,
are preferably provided for use with each machine.
by a beating and grinding and shearing action,
The character of the material being processed will
these blades reduce the food to an extremely ?nely
determine the size of mesh of the screen to be used.
divided or pulverized state thus breaking down the
I ?nd that a screen having sixty perforations per
cell structure of the food very thoroughly and 60
60 inch gives satisfactory results in the extraction of
reducing food to a condition in which it is very
juices from vegetables, such as carrots, spinach,
parsley, cabbage, celery and the like.
7
v Secured to the upper end portion of the shaft

8 and rotatable with said shaft .8 and with the

65 screen holder and screen is a blade type rotor
which functions both as a food pulverizing device
and as a fan or blower. This rotor comprises a

hub 24 having a plurality of outwardly extending

blades 25 secured thereto. A ring 2li'is welded or
70 otherwise secured to the outer end portion of all
of the blades 25 to strengthen and stabilize the
rotor.

The blades 25 are made of flat metal and

have straight squared upper edge portions 27

which, when the rotor is rotated, move in a .com

75 mon path at' substantially right angles to the axis

quickly and very ei?ciently assimilated by the di

gestive organs of the human body. I have ob

tained satisfactory results by the use of a motor
rotating at a speed of three thousand revolutions
per minute and driving a blade type rotor about
twelve inches in diameter.

The cover member of the machine is provided

with a suitable handle as shown in Fig. 1. This

cover member may be applied in different positions " O

to the receptacle 9 thus making it possible to vary

the position of the feed chute 28 relative to the
spout ill for the convenience of right or left hand

operators.

Suitable control switches 35 and plug in means 75

2,227,098
36 are provided in connectionwith the motor 1
as shown in Fig. 1. Preferably the motor of the
machine built for domestic use is of a type which
may be used in connection with the usual home
lighting circuit.

3 .

keyways 48 in extension shaft 4s. The keyways

48 terminate short of the bottom end of the ex
tension shaft 49 and the key members 43 rest
against the shoulders formed by the ends of the
keyways and support the member 5! clear of
the member 4!. Screen sections 54 of any de

The screen 88 is readily removable and the

machine is operable without this screen. If the - sired-mesh are provided in the sides of the cen
machine is to be used as a Juice extractor for pulp
trifugal screen support 5i.
ing the foods and separating the juice therefrom,
A blade type rotor designated generally by nu
then the screen It is placed in the machine, as meral 55, and which issi'milar to the blade type
shown in Figs. 1 andz, and the machine is oper
rotor of Figs. 1 and 2, is provided in the machine
ated by rotating the parts connected with the shown in Fig. '7, this rotor 55 has a hub portion
shaft & at high speed and feeding into the machine 56 adapted to fit over extension shaft 69 and
the foods from which the juice is to be extracted. provided with keys 51 adapted to fit within the
15 The major portion of the pulp will be caught by keyw'ays 48. It will be noted that the hub por
the screen id to be later removed when the ma
tion 56 is of substantial length to preclude dan-~
chine is opened, and the liquid content or juice will ger of play. Preferably a sealing Washer 58 is
be forced outwardly through the screen it! by cen
provided between adjacent ends of hub portions
trifugal force and will'discharge through the spout 52 and 56 tov preclude the entrance of liquid there
20 I0. If the machine is to be used for pulping the between. A nut 59 threads onto the upper end 2%
foods but not for extracting the juice the screen It portion fill of extension shaft 49 and secures the
is removed and the pulped foods together with the blade type rotor and the screen support 5i firmly
juice are allowed to be discharged from the spout in place on said shaft.
10, in instances where they will so discharge, or
The operation of the device shown in Fig. _'7,
are removed from the receptacle 9 by taking off is substantially identical with the operation of 25
the cover ii, in case the .pulped foods are too
the device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and hereinbe
thick to flow-from the spout l0.

'

When the machine is used for pulping the

fore described, the blade members serving as com

bined blades and heaters and air circulating"

foods, with the. screen it removed, the screen
30 holder is preferably left in the machine as the vanes to pulp and aerate'the food and the rapidly
rotating centrifugal screen extracting the liquid
upright supports M of said screen holder have from the solids.
' v
a further beating effect on the foods and help.
In extracting the juice from citrus fruit it is
in the aeration of the same.
usually desirable to avoid extracting the oils and
When a receptacle of the form shown in Fig. 6,
35 is used the removal of the upper portion l 8 leaves juices from the peeling. The easiest and quickest 35
way to accomplish this is by cutting the citrus
all of the internal mechanism of the machine fruit in half and grinding or reaming the pulp
exposed for the purpose of inspection or clean
out of the peeling of the citrus fruit. When the
ing or assembly or dis-assembly of the parts.
machine shown in Fig. 7, is to be used for this
This machine is adapted for use in reducing purpose I remove the cover E3 and remove the
40 to a pulp substantially any vegetable fruit or nut 59 and blade carrying rotor 55 and screw a 4.0
animal food product and for extracting from such fruit reamer 6| on the threaded upper end por
pulp a very large percentage of the liquid content, tion 60 of the extension shaft 49 as shown in
as the juice or oil In case of fruits having stones Figs. 8 and 9. This reamer is of somewhat coni
as peaches, plums and the like, the stones are cal external shape except that the exterior there~
removed before processing.
, of is curved and is externally provided with ribs
Figs. '7, 8 and 9 show a modi?ed form of this 62 of the usual form. When this reamer is ap
' invention comprising a motor housing and sup
plied and the machine operated the reamer will
port formed of a lower bell shaped section 31 and be rotated rapidly and halves of citrus fruit ap
an upper cylindrical section 38. A bowl 39 is. plied to the reamer in the usual way will have
50 supported on the upper end portion of the hous
the pulp and juice removed from the peeling.
ing section 38. The bowl 39 is provided with a This pulp and juice will drop into the rapidly roe
discharge spout 40 and the bottom of said bowl tating centrifugal screen and the juice will be
is centrally provided with an upwardly bulging separated from the pulp thus providing a fruit
portion 4| which helps to prevent leakage of juice which is substantially free from pulp. 55 juice around the central shaft means. The bowl
All parts of the machines herein disclosed are
39 is open at the top and is suitably shaped for preferably made of noncorrosive materials such
the reception therein of a ?ange 42 on a cover as stainless steel, aluminum alloys or the like.
' 43., The cover 43 has a feed chute 44. The parts

39 to 40, 4|, 43 and 44 are similar in purpose

60 and function to the correspondingparts shown

in Figs. 1 and 2 but are shaped somewhat differ-i

ently and the cover 43 has the ?ange 42 which
?ts inside of the upper portion of the bowl.
A motor 45' is supported within the housing
31-38. The shaft- 46 of motor 45 extends up
wardly into a suitable socket 41 in the lower end
portion of an extension shaft 49 and is ?xedly
secured to said extension shaft 49 by a set screw

50.. Extension shaft 49 is preferably a shaft of

70 circular cross section with longitudinal keyways
48 provided therein, see Fig. 9.

A bowl shaped centrifugal screen support 56

is providedwith a hub 52 adapted to fit over

the extension shaft 49, said hub 52 having inte

gral key members 53 adapted to fit within the

The foregoing description and accompanying I

drawings clearly disclose a preferred embodiment

of my invention but it will be understood that 60
this disclosure is merely illustrative and that such
changes in the invention may be made as are

fairly within the scope and spirit of the follow

ing claims.

65
I claim:
1. In a centrifugal juce extractor of the class
described, a receptacle; a motor positioned below
said receptacle and having a shaft extending up
wardly into the receptacle; a screen holder with-:
in said receptacle mounted on said motor shaft 78
and rotatable therewith; a bowl shaped screen
member supported in said screen holder; a rotary
cutter and blower member secured to the upper

end portion of said shaft and positioned within

the upper portion of said screen member, said 75

4-

' 2,227,098

cutter and blower member having a plurality oi.

substantially radial blades having upper cutting
edges movable in a plane at right angles to said
motor shaft, said blades being pitched to impart
a downward movement to the air when .the de
vice is in operation; a removable cover member
on said receptacle;- and a feed chute extending
downwardly through said cover member and ter
minating in close proximity to the path of move

housing and having an upright shaft which

extends upwardly through the top 'of said hous
ing; an extension shaft positioned within said
bowl and detachably secured to the upper end

portion of said motor shaft; longitudinal key

ways in said extension shaft; bowl shaped cen
trifugal screen having perforated peripheral sec
tions and having a hub portion adapted to fit over

said extension shaft and provided with key mem

bers adapted to ?t within said keyways; a rotor 10
by material entering through said feed chute will > having a hub portion adapted to ?t over said
be reduced to a ?nely divided state by said blades. extension shaft and provided with key members
adapted to ?t within said keyways, said rotor
and whereby a high rotary velocity will be im
parted to said material to expel liquids from said having blades; a cover for said bowl member; and
a feed chute providing an opening through said
15 material outwardly through said screen member.
2. In a centrifugal juice extractor of the class cover and terminating in shearing relation to
,
'
~'
described, a receptacle, a motor positioned below said blades.
4. In a centrifugal juice extractor of the class
said receptacle and having a shaft extending up

merit of the cutting edges of said blades, where

wardly into the receptacle; a screen holder

20 mounted on said shaft and rotatable therewith

and positioned within said receptacle, said screen

holder comprising a disc shaped bottom portion
connected by upright supports with a top ring,
said upright supports being relatively narrow and
25 being spaced apart; a removable cylindrical
screen member supported within said screen
holder; a rotary cutter and blower member se
cured to the upper end portion of said shaft and
positioned within the upper portion of said screen
30 member, said cutter and blower member having a

plurality of substantially radial blades provided

with cutting edges at their upper portions and
pitched to direct air downwardly when the cutter
and blower member is rotated in a predetermined

described, a receptacle; a motor positioned below '

said receptacle and having a motor shaft extend 20

ing upwardly into the receptacle; a bowlshaped
screen member of substantially smaller diameter
than said receptacle positioned within said recep
tacle directly and connected with said motor
shaft for high speed rotation therewith; a rotary 25
cutter and blower member positioned within the

upper? portion of said receptacle and directly

connected with said motor shaft for high speed
rotation therewith, said cutter and blower mem- I

her having a plurality of substantially radial

blades having upper food comminuting edges
movable in a plane perpendicular to said motor

shaft, said blades being pitched to provide a

downward blast of air when the device is in oper

35 direction; a reinforcing ring member connecting

ation; a cover member on said receptacle; and

the cutter end portions of all of said blades; a

a feed chute positioned to one side of the center

of said cover member and extending downwardly
through said cover member and terminating in
close proximity to the path of movement of the

removable cover member on said receptacle; and,

a feed chute extending downwardly through said

cover member and terminating in close proximity
to the path of movement of the upper cutting
edges of said blades, whereby said blades will
shear the material passing out of said feed chute

upper edges of said blades, whereby material 40

entering through said feed chute will be reduced
to a finely divided state by the shearing and
and will impart a rapid rotary movement and a beating action of said blades and subjected to
centrifugal force and to the downward and out
downward movement to said material.
3. A centrifugal juice extractor comprising a ward blast of air produced by said blades to expel 45
45
housing; a bowl supported on the upper portion

of said housing; a motor disposed within said

liquid therefrom out through said screen.

ERNEST C. MACLEAN.