Course Content Form
PIMA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Classification: Transfer
ENG 232
Initiator:
Campus:
Date:
Effective Term: 201210
Thermodynamics
Alexander Shayevich
West
09/30/2010
Credit Hours: 4.00
Lecture Periods: 4.00
Lab Periods: 0.00
Description:
Basic laws and examples of engineering applications of macroscopic thermodynamics. Includes an introduction
to concepts and definitions, energy and the first law of thermodynamics, evaluating properties, control volume
energy analysis, the second law of thermodynamics, using entropy, vapor power systems, gas power systems,
and refrigeration and heat pump systems.
Prerequisite(s): MAT 241, PHY 216.
Performance Objectives:
Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:
1. Apply SI and English units for mass, length, time, force, and temperature.
2. Explain absolute pressure and gage pressure, as well as methods and instruments used for its
measurement.
3. Convert temperature readings in Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, or Rankine scales to any other scale.
4. Identify an appropriate system, its boundary, and its surroundings.
5. Describe the difference between an isothermal process and an adiabatic process.
6. Evaluate kinetic and potential energy, work and power in various engineering systems including
mechanical, electrical, and thermodynamic.
7. Identify and quantify heat transfer by various modes including conduction, radiation, and convection.
8. Apply closed system energy balances.
9. Conduct energy analyses for systems undergoing thermodynamic cycles.
10. Analyze saturation temperature, saturation pressure, state principle, quality, enthalpy, specific heat, and
ideal gas model.
11. Retrieve property data of various fluids and gases from the appropriate tables, using the state principle of fix
states and linear interpolation when required.
12. Sketch T-v, p-v, and p-T diagrams, and locate principal states on these diagrams.
13. Determine specific volume, enthalpy, and internal energy of a simple compressible system in the midst of a
liquidvapor phase change using quality and the appropriate tables.
14. Apply the incompressible substance model and use the generalized compressibility chart to relate p-v-T
data of gases.
15. Apply the ideal gas model for thermodynamic analysis.
16. Explain the concepts of mass flow rate, mass rate balance, volumetric flow rate, steady state, flow work.
17. Identify devices such as muzzle, diffuser, turbine, compressor, pump and heat exchanger.
18. Apply control volumes and the principles of conservation of mass and energy rate balance to model steady
state flow through various mechanical devices.
19. Apply mass and energy balances for the analysis of transient flow, using control volumes, appropriate
assumptions, and property data.
20. Define the concepts of reversible process, irreversible process, internal and external irreversibilities
internally reversible process, Carnot corollaries, and Carnot efficiency.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
Describe the Clausisus and the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
Evaluate the performance of power cycles and refrigeration and heat pump cycles accounting for
irreversibilities.
Apply entropy balances for closed systems and for control systems.
Use entropy data appropriately to include: retrieving data from appropriate tables, using quality to evaluate
the specific entropy of two-phase liquid-vapor mixtures, sketching T-s and h-s diagrams and locating states
on such diagrams, determining s of ideal gases with constant or variable specific heats, evaluating
isentropic efficiencies for turbines, nozzles, compressors, and pumps with ideal gases.
Compute heat transfer for close systems.
Sketch schematic diagrams and accompanying T-s diagrams of Rankine, superheat, and reheat vapor
power cycles.
Apply conservation of mass and energy, the second law, and property data to determine power cycle
performance.
Identify the effects on Rankine cycle performance of varying steam generator pressure, condenser
pressure, and turbine inlet temperature.
Sketch p-v and T-s diagrams of the Otto, Diesel, and dual cycles, applying the closed system energy
balance and the second law of thermodynamics.
Sketch the T-s diagrams of vapor-compression refrigeration and heat pump cycles.
List the advantages and disadvantages of various refrigerants commonly in use.
Outline:
I.
Introduction: Concepts and Definitions
A. Using thermodynamics
B. Defining systems and describing their behavior
C. Measuring mass, length, time, and force
D. Specific volume and specific pressure
E. Measuring temperature
II. Energy and the First Law of Thermodynamics
A. Reviewing mechanical concepts of energy
B. Evaluating energy transfer by work
C. Energy of a system
D. Energy transfer by heat
E. Energy balance for closed systems
F. Energy analysis of cycles
III. Evaluating Properties
A. p-v-T relation
B. Retrieving thermodynamic properties
C. Generalized compressibility chart
D. Ideal gas model
E. Internal energy, enthalpy, and specific heats of idea gases
F. Evaluating u and h of ideal sasses
G. Polytropic process of an ideal gas
IV. Control Volume Energy Analysis
A. Conservation of mass for a control volume
B. Conservation of energy for a control volume
C. Analysis of control volumes at steady state
D. Transient analysis
V. The Second Law of Thermodynamics
A. Using the second law and statements of the second law
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
Reversible and irreversible processes
Applying the second law to thermodynamic cycles
Kelvin temperature scale
Maximum performance measures for cycles operating between two reservoirs
Carnot cycle
Using Entropy
A. Defining entropy change
B. Retrieving entropy data
C. Entropy change in internally reversible processes
D. Entropy rate balance for control volumes
E. Isentropic processes
F. Isentropic efficiencies of turbines, nozzles, compressors, and pumps
G. Heat transfer and work in internally reversible, steady-state flow processes
Vapor Power Systems
A. Modeling vapor power systems
B. Analyzing vapor power systems: Rankine cycle
C. Improving performance: superheat and reheat
Gas Power Systems
A. Engine terminology
B. Air-Standard otto cycle
C. Air-Standard diesel cycle
D. Air-Standard dual cycle
E. Brayton cycle
F. Regeneration, reheat and compression with intercooling
Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems
A. Vapor refrigeration systems
B. Analyzing vapor-compression refrigeration systems
C. Heat pump systems