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Gender and Religion: Key Concepts Explained

This document defines key concepts related to gender and religion. For gender, it discusses sexual dimorphism, gender roles, gender stereotypes, gender stratification, and the domestic-public dichotomy. It also defines matriarchy, the patrilineal-patrilocal complex, patriarchy, intersex, and transgender. For religion, it defines religion, communitas, animism, mana, taboo, magic, ritual, rites of passage, liminality, leveling mechanisms, revitalization movements, and cargo cults.

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3 views2 pages

Gender and Religion: Key Concepts Explained

This document defines key concepts related to gender and religion. For gender, it discusses sexual dimorphism, gender roles, gender stereotypes, gender stratification, and the domestic-public dichotomy. It also defines matriarchy, the patrilineal-patrilocal complex, patriarchy, intersex, and transgender. For religion, it defines religion, communitas, animism, mana, taboo, magic, ritual, rites of passage, liminality, leveling mechanisms, revitalization movements, and cargo cults.

Uploaded by

DestiniCram
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 8: Gender

Sexual Dimorphism: Marked differences, such as in height and weight, in male and female
biology besides the contrasts in breasts and genitals.
Gender Roles: The tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex.
Gender Stereotypes: Oversimplified but strong held ideas about the characteristics of
males and females.
Gender Stratification: Unequal distribution of rewards (socially valued resources, power,
prestige, and personal freedom) between men and women, reflecting their different
positions in a social hierarchy.
Domestic-Public Dichotomy: Contrast between womens role in the home and mens role
in public life, with corresponding social devaluation of womens work and worth.
Matriarchy: A political system in which women lay a much more prominent role than men
do in social and political organization.
Patrilineal-Patrilocal Complex: An interrelated constellation of patrilineality, patrilocality,
warfare, and male supremacy.
Patriarchy: Political system ruled by men in which women have inferior social and political
status, including fewer basic human rights.
Intersex: Pertaining to a group of conditions reflecting a discrepancy between the external
and the internal genitals.
Transgender: A category of varied individuals whose gender identity contradicts their
biological sex at birth and the gender identity that society assigned to them in infancy.
Sexual Orientation: A persons habitual sexual attraction to, and sometimes activities
with, persons of the opposite sex (heterosexuality), or both sexes (bisexuality); also, the lack
of attraction (asexuality).

Chapter 9: Religion
Religion: Beliefs and rituals concerned with supernatural beings, powers, and forces.
Communitas: Intense community spirit, a feeling of great social solidarity, equality, and
togetherness; characteristic of people experiencing liminality together
Animism: Belief in souls or doubles.
Mana: Sacred personal force in Melanesian and Polynesian religions.
Taboo: Prohibition backed by supernatural sanctions.
Magic: Use of supernatural techniques to accomplish specific aims.
Ritual: Behavior is formal, stylized, repetitive, and stereotyped, performed earnestly as a
social act; rituals are held at set times and places and have liturgical orders.
Rites of Passage: Culturally defined activities associated with the transition from on place
or stage of life to another.
Liminality: The critically important marginal or in-between phase of a rite of passage.
Leveling Mechanisms: Customs and social actions that operate to reduce differences in
wealth and thus to bring standouts in line with community norms.
Revitalization Movements: Movements that occur I times of change, in which religious
leaders emerge ad undertake to alter or revitalize a society.

Cargo Cults: Postcolonial acculturative, religious movements common in Melanesia that


attempt to explain European domination and wealth and to achieve similar success
magically by mimicking European behavior.

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