Teaching methods
Prepared by:
[Link] Sabry
[Link] Mansour Shahin
[Link] Mohamed
[Link] Ahmed
[Link] Gamal Mohamed
[Link] Elsayed
[Link] Mohamed
[Link] Gamal
[Link] Tawfik
Under supervision
Dr /zenib
Objectives:
At the end of this lecture the student will be able
to:
Define teaching method
Identify types of teaching methods
Differniate among teaching method types
Advantages & disadvantages of teaching
method types
Out lines:
Introduction.
Definition of teaching method.
Teaching method types.
Advantages and disadvantages of teaching methods
types.
Introduction:
o Teaching is an art form all its own.
o It has order, function, purpose, meaning, and like art.
o Involve and take shape within the imagination and mind of
the teacher.
Definition:
.It is a method used for instruction
Teaching method types:
Lecture
Group discussion
Demonstration, return demonstration(practical work,
bedside teaching, and field work)
Role playing
Models and simulation devices
Real objects and specimens
One to one instruction
Computer assisted instruction
game
Simulation, handouts, books and programmed learning
from books Graphics , posters and paintings
1.
Lecture:
Highly structured method by which the teacher verbally
transmits information directly to a group of learners for the
purpose of instruction.
Advantage
Saving time
Showmanship of
teacher
Cover large group of
students
Give feeling of
Disadvantages
Keep student in a
passive situation
Low receptivity
Don't allow
individual pace of
learning
security
Cost effective
method
Getting large
amount of
information across
to large number of
students
2.
Don't facilitate
learning how to solve
problem
Difficulty in
checking learning
progress
Group discussion:
It is a method of teaching where the learners get together to
exchange information, feelings and opinions with other and
teacher.
Advantages
3.
It stimulate learners
to think
Exchange their own
experiences
Provide
opportunities for
sharing of ideas and
receiving peer
support
Facilitate evaluation
Disadvantages
High costs in
personnel and more
time
Number of students
is limited
Demonstration & Return demonstration:
It is a method by which the learner is shown by the teacher how
to perform a particular skill.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Each is effective in
teaching
psychomotor
domains skills
Enhance cognitive
and effective
learning
Give feeling of
security
Quality of
observation
Catch attention
Presence of reality
4.
Number of students
is limited
High cost
Passive student
situation
Does not allow for
individual paces of
learning
Difficulty in repeating
the demonstration in
order to acquire
competence
Role playing:
One or more participant adopts a specified role and tries to
behave in ways characteristics of a person in that role
Advantages
Disadvantages
Provide opportunity to
practice skills
Allow for exploration of
solution
Introduce problem
situation dramatically
Provide opportunity for
students to assume roles
of others
Time consuming
Strongly depend on
imagination of student
Not appropriate for large
group
Some students may feel
threatened
5.
Simulations:
It is a method where by an artificial or hypothetical experiences
is created that engages the learner in an activity that reflects
real life conditions but without the risk-taking consequences of
the actual level learning.
Advantages
Students become active
participation
Promote and develop
critical and creative
thinking
Develop interpersonal and
social skills, attitudes ,and
values
Variety of learning
objectives may be
associated with simulation
6.
High cost
Usable for small groups
Models often easily
damaged
Never same as performing
technique on patient
Real objects and specimens:
Advantages
Present reality, not
substitutes
Three dimensional
Permit use of all sense in
study
7.
Disadvantages
Disadvantages
May be not easily obtained
Inconvenience of sizedanger in use
Costly or not expendable
Only for small groups
Easily damaged
Problem of storage
Computer assisted instruction:
An individualized method of self-study using computers.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Assists the learner in
achievement of
educational objectives
Provides multiple selfassessment opportunities
Depersonalized the
learning process
Expensive
Not adequate for learners
who need human
interaction to learn best
8.
Game
Advantages
Actively involves learners
Generate motivation
Promote team learning
Provide challenge
Provide feedback
Can create fun in learning
9.
Disadvantages
Can create in group and
out group feeling
Can demotivate those who
are not competitive by
nature
Can create feeling of
inadequacy
Can discourage creativity
Books, handouts, programmed learning
from books, and simulation:
Advantages
Enables student to work at
his own pace
Facilitates self-evaluation
High availability
Makes mass teaching
possible with high
efficiency
Reduce risks ( patient or
society)
Avoid bias transmitted by
bad teacher
Disadvantages
Necessitates special
education competence
High additional investment
costs
No group dynamics
10.
Graphics, posters, paintings, and
photographic prints:
Advantages
Promote correlation of
information
Assist organization of
material
Photographs nearer to
reality than drawing
Usually easily produced
and duplicated( black and
white photos)
Easy to store, catalogue
and retrieve.
11.
Disadvantages
For small audiences only
(unless projected with
epidiascope)
For effective use , good
duplicating equipment and
trained staff needed
One to one instruction:
It is a method in which the teacher delivers individual
instruction designed specifically for a learner.
Advantages
Ability to individualize
teaching
The content tailored to meet
individual needs
Disadvantages
Isolation of the learner
from others who may have
similar needs or concerns