Name: Gonzlez Aguilar Nelly

Group: 1IV04
Date: March 1st, 2015.

Final self-study guide.

Present simple
-

Description/Definition (Present simple)

The present simple, also known as the simple present is the present
tense of.
-

Uses present simple.

Express emotions.
Habits and routines
- Special characteristics (verb to be)
Verb to be.

VERB TO BE

DESCRIPTION
Is an irregular verb which means that when combining with a pronoun (me / you / him,
her, it / us / you / them) changes shape.

FUNCTION
The verb TO BE, which translates as Castilian BE or BE in the English language has a
particular importance. Its meaning depends on the meaning of prayer.

SPECIAL FEATURES
1) Am
2) He/she/it
3) You/we/you/they
EXAMPLES

1) I want to be a famous writer when I grow up.

2) Everyday I want to be someone new.
3) Every friends want to stay close forever.
4) My mother wants to find a new job.
5) The teachers want to educate their students.

ALL OFTHER VERBS

DESCRIPTION
The simple present tense is a present that is used to talk about general truths or
facts that constitute habits, schedules or programs, customs and routines of everyday
life.
FUNCTION
The Present Simple sentences are formed using the base of the verb in its infinitive
form. Recall that an infinitive is made up of 2 parts: the particle "to" and the base is
the present tense, we use only the present tense AND we call this "Word on your
Form Simple".
SPECIAL FEATURES
1) S
2) ES
3) IES
EXAMPLES
I do the dishes after breakfast.
Carlos takes lessons from 3 to 9 pm.
Ana sleeps until late.

Have got
The verb "to have got" can be used with the meaning of obligation (like must) but
mostly used with the meaning of "have" (possess).
It is formed by the auxiliary "have" + "got" (participle of the verb "to get").
It is often used in this because for the past is often used in the past "to have".
You do not need the auxiliary "to do" for negative and interrogative sentences and
the particle "got" is omitted in short answers and question tags.

1) Affirmative form.
I have got
You have got
He has got
She has got
It has got
We have got
You have got
They have
got
I've got
You've
He's got
She's got
It's got
We've got
You've got
They've got
I have not got
You have not got
He has not got
She has not got
It has not got
We have not got
You have not got
They have not got
I haven't got

You haven't got

He hasn't got
She hasn't got
It hasn't got
We haven't got
You haven't got
They haven't got

2) Negative
form. (
Subject +
have / has +
not + got +
... )

3)Interrogative form.
Have I got...?
Have you got...?
Has he got...?
Has she got...?
Has it got...?
Have we got...?
Have you got...?
Have they got...?

Have I not got...?

Have you not got...?
Has he not got...?
Has she not got...?
Has it not got...?
Have we not got...?
Have you not got...?
Have they not got...?

adjectives

Havent I got...?
Havent you got...?
Hasnt he got...?
Hasnt she got...?
Hasnt it got...?
Havent we got...?
Havent you got...?
Havent they got...?

Possessive

Possessive adjectives are used to show possession or ownership of

something. White we use them we refer to people, it is more in the
sense of relationship than ownership.

SUBJECT

POSSESIVE ADJECTIVES

I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
YOU

MY
YOUR
HIS
HER
ITS
OUR
YOUR

The possessive adjective needs to agree with the possessor and not with
the thing that is possessed.
Examples
My car is very old.
Her boyfriend is very friendly.
Our dog is black.
Their homework is on the table.
Like all adjectives in English, they are always located directly in front of
the noun they refer to. (Possessive Adjective + Noun)
We do not include an S to the adjective when the noun is plural like in
many other languages.

Examples:

 Our cars are expensive. (Correct)

Ours cars are expensive. (Incorrect)
However, the verb that is used needs to be in agreement with the noun if the noun is singular then the verb is singular; if the noun is plural then
the verb is plural.

Can

Can" means "power in the sense of "having capacity ", Can is one of
modal verbs with may, must, etc. This means that usually these
verbs need to complete their meaning with another verb,
conjugation is very special can only be conjugated in 3
tenses: simple present, simple and conditional past.
Present Simple (Present Simple)
Special feature:
a dog you can not add a "-s " in the third person singular.

Conjugati
on
I can
You can
He can
We can
You can
They can

 Contractions of the verb "can"

No shrinkage
can not / cannot
could not

contract
can't
couldn't

Prepositions.
Prepositions Time
English

Usage

Example

on

days of the week

on Monday

in

months / seasons

in August / in winter

time of day

in the morning

year

in 2006

after a certain period

in an hour

of time (when?)
at

for night

at night

 for weekend

at the weekend

a certain point of time

at half past nine

(when?)
since

from a certain point of

since 1980

time (past till now)

for

over a certain period of

for 2 years

time (past till now)

ago

a certain time in the

2 years ago

past
before

earlier than a certain

before 2004

point of time
to

telling the time

ten to six (5:50)

past

telling the time

ten past six (6:10)

to / till /

marking the beginning

from Monday to/till

until

and end of a period of

Friday

time
till / until

in the sense of how long

something is going to

He is on holiday until
Friday.

last
by

in the sense of at the

latest

I will be back by 6
oclock.

up to a certain time

By 11 o'clock, I had read

five pages.

English

Usage

Example

 in

room, building, street,

in the kitchen, in London

town, country
in the book
book, paper etc.
in the car, in a taxi
car, taxi
in the picture, in the
picture, world
at

meaning next to, by an

object

world
at the door, at the
station

for table

at the table

for events

at a concert, at the
party

place where you are to

do something typical
(watch a film, study,

at the cinema, at school,

at work

work)
on

attached

the picture on the wall

for a place with a river

London lies on the

Thames.

being on a surface
on the table
for a certain side (left,
right)

by, next to,

beside

on the left

for a floor in a house

on the first floor

for public transport

on the bus, on a plane

for television, radio

on TV, on the radio

left or right of

Jane is standing by /

somebody or something

next to / beside the

car.

 under

on the ground, lower

than (or covered by)

the bag is under the

table

something else
below

lower than something

else but above ground

over

covered by something
else

the fish are below the

surface
put a jacket over your
shirt

meaning more than

over 16 years of age

getting to the other

walk over the bridge

side (also across)

overcoming an obstacle

climb over the wall