ENGINEERING
DRAWING COURSE
MATERIAL
Lecture and Tutorial
by AZEMERAW TADESSE
Prepared in cooperation with:
Addis Ababa
Institute of Technology
ENGINEERING
DRAWING COURSE
MATERIAL
Lecture and Tutorial
First Edition
By
AZEMERAW TADESSE
Addis Ababa University
Addis Ababa Institute of Technology
January, 2011
Contents
Course Outline
Semester Lesson Plan
Daily Lesson Plan
Lecture Note on each Chapter
Exercises on each Chapter
Evaluation Criteria for the Exercises on each Chapter
Sources of the Course Material
Azemeraw T.
Course Outline
Course Title: Engineering Drawing (MEng 1001)
Academic Year: 2010/11
Credit Hrs: 3 (2 hr Lec. and 3 hr Tut. per week)
Instructor: Azemeraw Tadesse
Regular Division
Coarse Objectives:
At the end of the course, students would understand:
The different types of projection techniques
How to sketch multi view drawings of any given pictorial drawings
How to sketch pictorial drawings of given multi view drawings
Sketching auxiliary and sectional views as a supplement of multi view drawings.
How to find intersection lines of different geometries and development of surfaces.
1. Introduction ======================================(1 and week)
1.1. History
1.2. Objective of the Course
1.3. Lettering
1.4. Drawing Instrument
1.5. Types of Line
1.5.1. Line Quality and Line Techniques
Assignment and/or Quiz -1 =======================================(10 %)
2. Theory of Projections ==============================(1 and week)
2.1. Types of Projections
2.2. Classification of Projections
2.3. Projection of Point
2.4. Projection of a Line(Normal, Inclined, Oblique)
Assignment and /or Quiz -2 ======================================(10 %)
3. Multi-view Drawings=====================================(3 weeks)
3.1. System of Projection
3.2. Choice of Views
3.3. One-View ,Two-View, and Three-View Drawings
3.4. Laying Out of Drawings
3.5. Width, Height, and Depth Relationships
3.6. Projection of Planar and Non-Planar Surfaces
3.7. Projection of Fillets, Rounds, and Run-outs
3.8. Projection of Solids (3D object)
3.9. Precedence of Lines
Assignment and /or Quiz -3 =======================================(20%)
Azemeraw T.
4. Pictorial Drawing ========================================(3 weeks)
4.1. Comparison between Multi-view and Pictorial Drawing
4.2. Types of Pictorial Projections
4.2.1. Axonometric Projection
4.2.2. Oblique Projection
4.2.3. Central or Perspective Projection
4.3. Isometric Drawings
4.4. Oblique Drawings
Assignment and /or Quiz -4 =======================================(20%)
5. Auxiliary Views =================================(1 and 1/2 weeks)
5.1. Primary Auxiliary views
5.2. Secondary Auxiliary Views
5.3. Complete and Partial Auxiliary views
Assignment and /or Quiz -5 =======================================(15%)
6. Sectional Views==================================(1 and 1/2 weeks)
6.1. Making Sectional Drawings
6.2. Types of Sections
6.3. Conventional Representations
6.4. Sectional Auxiliary Views
6.5. Sections in Pictorial Drawings (optional )
Assignment and /or Quiz -6 =======================================(15%)
7. Intersection and Development============================ (2 weeks)
7.1. Development
7.1.1. Development of a Prism
7.1.2. Development of a Cylinder
7.1.3. Development of a Cone
7.1.4. Development of a Combination of the Aforementioned Objects
Assignment and /or Quiz -7.1 ======================================(10%)
7.2. Intersection
7.2.1. Lines of Intersections between Two Prisms
7.2.2. Lines of Intersections between Two Cylinders
7.2.3. Lines of Intersections between a Cone and a Cylinder
7.2.4. Lines of Intersections between a Cone and a Prism
Assignment and /or Quiz -7.2 ======================================(10%)
Azemeraw T.
References:
Engineering Drawing and Graphic Technology by Franch
Engineering Drawing by Luzadder
Engineering Drawing and Graphics by [Link]
Modern Engineering Drawing and Graphics and Designs by [Link]
Evaluation:
Assignment and/or Quiz
40%
Final Examination
60%
Total
100%
Assignment:
Must be submitted on the specified time
Submission of all of the assignment is mandatory
Quizzes:
Will be closed book and closed notes
No makeup quizzes
May or may not be announced
Final Exam:
Will contain four or five problems
Will be comprehensive
Will be closed book and closed notes
Attendance:
Minimum 75 % Attendance is mandatory
Azemeraw T.
Semester Lesson Plan
Course Title: Engineering Drawing
Week
List of Topics and Activities
History of drawing
08/11/10 Objective of the coarse
to
14/11/10 Lettering; Drawing instruments; and
Types of line
15/11/10 Class exercise
to
Types of projections; and
21/11/10 Classification of projection
Projection of point; and Projection of
22/11/10
line
to
28/11/10 Class exercise
System of projection ; Choice of
29/11/10 views; and One-view, two-view and
to
three-view drawings
05/12/10
Class exercise
Laying out of drawings; Witdth,
height and depth relationships; and
06/12/10
Projection of planner and nonto
planner surfaces
12/12/10
Class exercise
Projection of fillets, rounds and run13/12/10 outs; Projection of solids (3D objects);
to
and Precedence of lines
19/12/10
Quizze
Comparison between multi-view and
20/12/10 pictorial drawing; and Types of
to
pictorial projections
26/12/10
Class exercise
27/12/10 Isometric drawings
to
02/01/11 Class exercise
03/01/11 Oblique drawings
to
09/01/11 Quizze
Date
Instructor: Azemeraw Tadesse
Time
Remark
8/11/2010 1:30-3:10 PM
12/11/2010
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
15/11/2010 1:30-3:10 PM
19/11/2010
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
22/11/2010 1:30-3:10 PM
26/11/2010
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
29/11/2010 1:30-3:10 PM
3/12/2010
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
6/12/2010 1:30-3:10 PM
10/12/2010
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
13/12/2010 1:30-3:10 PM
17/12/2010
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
20/12/2010 1:30-3:10 PM
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
27/12/2010 1:30-3:10 PM
24/12/2010
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
3/1/2011 1:30-3:10 PM
31/12/2010
7/1/2011
Azemeraw T.
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Semester Lesson Plan
Course Title: Engineering Drawing
Week
List of Topics and Activities
Primary auxiliary views; Secondary
10/01/11 auxiliary views; Partial auxiliary
to
views; and Complete auxiliary views
16/01/11
Class exercise
Quizze
Making sectional views; Types of
17/01/11
sections; Conventional
to
representations; Sectional auxiliary
23/01/11
views; and Sections in pictorial
drawings
24/01/11 Class exercise
to
30/01/11 Quizze
Development of a prism;
Development of a cylinder;
31/01/11 Development of a cone; and
to
Development of a combination of the
06/02/11 aforementioned objects
Class exercise and quizze
Line of intersections between two
prisms; Line of intersections between
two cylinders; Line of intersections
07/02/11
between a cone and a cylinder; and
to
Line of intersections between a cone
13/02/11
and a prism
Class exercise and quizze
Date
Instructor: Azemeraw Tadesse
Time
Remark
10/1/2011 1:30-3:10 PM
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
17/1/2011 1:30-3:10 PM
14/1/2011
21/1/2011
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
24/1/2011 1:30-3:10 PM
28/1/2011
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
31/1/2011 1:30-3:10 PM
4/1/2011
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
7/2/2011 1:30-3:10 PM
11/2/2011
Azemeraw T.
8:00-9:40 AM and 10:0011:40 AM
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Lecture
Tutorial
Daily Lesson Plan
Course title: Engineering Drawing
Date of lesson: 17, Dec, 2010
Instructor: Azemeraw Tadesse
Title of lesson: Multi-view drawings
Specific learning objectives: Students would understand how to project fillets, rounds, runouts solids (3d objects); how to sketch multi-view drawings of any given pictorial drawings; and
they can understand precedence of lines.
Time
Teacher activity Time
Student
Time
Assessment
activity
method
8:00Doing examples on 10:00Conducting
10:40Giving quizzes.
9:40 AM projection of
10:40 AM
class exercise. 11:40 AM
fillets, rounds,
run-outs, solid (3D
objects) and
precedence of
lines.
Resources: Class lecture, handout, exercise work sheet, and reference books given in the course
outline.
Learning support: Consultation, library
Evaluation focus: Neatness of the drawing,
facility, teamwork, and the like.
instruction, laying out of the drawing, lettering,
choice of view, dimensional accuracy, line quality,
accuracy of the view, and precedence of line.
Azemeraw T.
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Straight
Slanted
Horizontal
Curved
Examples : Application of basic stroke
I letter
A letter 1
B letter 1
3
2
Suggested Strokes Sequence
Upper-case letters & Numerals
Straight line
letters
Curved line
letters
Curved line
letters &
Numerals
Azemeraw T.
Suggested Strokes Sequence
Lower-case letters
The text s body height is about 2/3 the height of a capital
letter.
Word Composition
Observe the following word
Spacing
Contour
JIRAPONG
|| ||
\ / \ | )(
)|
|(
General conclusions are:
Space between the letters depends on the contour of
the letters at an adjacent side.
Good spacing creates approximately equal background
area between letters.
Azemeraw T.
Space between Letters
1. Straight - Straight
3. Straight - Slant
2. Straight - Curve
4. Curve - Curve
Space between Letters
6. Slant - Slant
5. Curve - Slant
7. The letter L and T
slant
slant
slant
Azemeraw T.
straight
Example : Good and Poor Lettering
GOOD
Not uniform in style.
Not uniform in height.
Not uniformly vertical or inclined.
Not uniform in thickness of stroke.
Area between letters not uniform.
Area between words not uniform.
Sentence Composition
Leave the space between words equal to the space
requires for writing a letter O.
For example:
DRAWINGOISOGRAPHICOLANGUAGE
Azemeraw T.
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US CUSTOMARY
SERIES
ISO STANDARD
Size First
serie
s
Second
serie
s
Size
Third series
81/2 x 11
9 x 12
A0
841 x 1189
11 x 17
12 x 18
A1
594 x 841
17 x 22
18 x 24
A2
420 x 594
22 x 34
24 x 36
A3
297 x 420
34 x 44
36 x 48
A4
210 x 297
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6B(softest and blackest)
5B(extremely soft)
4B extra soft)
3B (very soft)
2B (soft, plus)
B (soft)
HB (medium soft)
F (intermediate, between
soft and hard)
H (medium hard)
2H (hard)
3H (hard, plus)
4H (very hard)
5H (extra hard)
6H (extra hard, plus)
7H (extremely hard)
8H (extremely hard, plus)
9H (Hardest)
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Enlarged
Same size
Reduced
1:1
1:2
2000:1
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1000:
1000:1
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500:1
1 :5
200:1
1:10
100:1
1:20
50:1
1:50
20:1
1:100
10:1
1:200
NOTE:- USING PROPER SCALE YOU
5:1
CAN READ FULL SIZE
MEASUREMENTS FROM DRAWINGS. 2:1
1:500
1:1000
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TYPE OF LINES
ILUSTRATION
APPLICATION
Continuous thick line
Visible outlines (boundary lines)
Dimension lines, leader lines, extension
lines, construction lines & hatching
(Section) lines.
Continuous thin line
Continuous thin wavy
line (drawn free hand)
Continuous thin line
with ZIGZAG.
Irregular boundary lines, short break lines,
Long break lines.
Short dash
Invisible edges
Long chain thin line
Locus lines, center lines,
Long chain thick at
ends and thin
elsewhere.
Long thin chain with
two dash lines
Cutting plane lines.
Phantom line, show alternate position
Azemeraw T.
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Possible Exercises on Chapter One
Prepare a guideline and write the following sentences and numeric by keeping appropriate
spacing between letters, numbers and words in sentence or paragraphs. Use letter height of
8mm and single stroke Gothic both in upper and lower cases.
a) TECHNICAL DRAWING IS A GRAPHICAL LANGUAGE. A
GRAPHICAL LANGUAGE USES GRAPHICAL OBJECTS LIKE
POINT, LINE, CIRCLE AND DIFFERENT TYPES OF NON
CIRCULAR CURVES FOR COMMUNICATION.
b) THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG.
c) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
Azemeraw T.
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises on
Chapter One
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Parameters
Neatness of the lettering
Instruction
Lay out of the lettering
Lettering
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border line
Guide line
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Total Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
70 %
5%
10 % (5 % each)
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Projection Theory
Perspective
Projection
One-point
Parallel
Projection
Oblique
Orthographic
Two-point
Cavalier
Axonometric
Three-point
Cabinet
Isometric
General
Dimetric
Trimetric
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Possible Exercises on Chapter Two
Part I: Draw Front, Top and Side projection of the following points using first angle
projection system.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Point A, which is 40 mm above HP, 55 mm in front of VP and 30 mm in front of SP.
Point B, which is 10 mm above HP, 15 mm in front of VP and on the SP.
Point C, which is on the HP, 20 mm in front of VP and 35 mm in front of SP.
Point D, which is 20 mm above HP, on the VP and 20 mm in front of SP.
Part II: Draw Front, Top and Side projection of the following lines using first angle
projection system.
(Use 1 unit equal to1cm)
a) Line AB where A = [4,3,6] and B = [7,3,0]
b) Line CD where C = [4,4,4] and D = [0,0,0]
c) Line EF where E = [4,5,7] and F = [4,4,4]
N.B: HP = Horizontal Plane, VP = Vertical Plane, SP = Side Plane
Azemeraw T.
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises on
Chapter Two
No.
1
2
3
4
6
7
Parameters
Neatness of the drawing
Instruction
Lay out of the drawing
Lettering
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border and object line
Center line
Hidden line
Construction line
Accuracy of the view
Front view
Top view
Side view
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
15 %
10 %
20% (5 % each)
45% (15 % each)
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SPECIAL CAM
R. SIDE VIEW
R. MIGLIORATO
5/9/03
SCALE 1:1
16-52
12
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Possible Exercises on Chapter Three
Using the first angle projection system, draw the three principal view of the object whose pictorial
drawings are given below.
2
1
Azemeraw T.
9
10
Azemeraw T.
11
12
14
13
Azemeraw T.
15
16
17
18
Azemeraw T.
19
20
22
21
Azemeraw T.
24
23
25
26
Azemeraw T.
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises on
Chapter Three
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Parameters
Neatness of the drawing
Instruction
Lay out of the drawing
Lettering
Choice of view
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border and Object line
Center line
Hidden line
Construction line
Accuracy of the view
Front view
Top view
Side view
Precedence of line
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Total Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
10 %
20 % (5 % each)
45 % (15 % each)
7.5 %
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Top
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Top View
Front
Front View
Side
Side View
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s sW
d
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s
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d
s
sW
s
sW
s
sW
/
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/
/
d
/
/
d
/
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&
&
/
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d
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K
K W
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d
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d
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&
K
K
K
d
d
d
d
K
s
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^W
W
^
^
d
^W
W
/
/
d
W
W
D
d
d
d
W
W
d
W
d
/
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>
W
&
d
W
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^
>
^
d
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x
C
x
B
A
y
y
C
E
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D
d
,
d
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d
Possible Exercises on Chapter Four
Given two projections of an object, construct a third one (if necessary) and a pictorial drawing of the
model.
2
1
Azemeraw T.
8
7
9
10
12
11
Azemeraw T.
13
15
14
Azemeraw T.
16
17
Azemeraw T.
18
19
Azemeraw T.
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises on
Chapter Four
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Parameters
Neatness of the drawing
Instruction
Lay out of the drawing
Lettering
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border and Object line
Center line
Hidden line
Construction line
Accuracy of the drawing
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Total Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
5%
10 %
20 % (5 % each)
55 %
D
&
s
z
dd
/
/
,
d
^
/
d
/
/
d
d
^s
^
^s
^
d
^s
^ W
^s
^ d
d
^s
^
ds
s
d
Ws
W
W
Ws
d
^s
^
d
^
^s
d
Ws
t
Ws
d
s
t
s
d
s
d
Possible Exercises on Chapter Five
Part I: Draw the principal views and the partial auxiliary view of the inclined surface of the given objects.
Part II: Draw partial and complete primary auxiliary views of the object shown below. Transfer the
dimension from the given views.
Azemeraw T.
Azemeraw T.
9
10
Azemeraw T.
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises on
Chapter Five
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Parameters
Neatness of the drawing
Instruction
Lay out of the drawing
Lettering
Choice of view
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border and Object line
Projection plane line
Center line
Hidden line
Construction line
Accuracy of the view
Auxiliary view
Front view
Top view
Side view
Precedence of line
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Total Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
10 %
25 % (5 % each)
40 % (25 % auxiliary
view and 5 % each
principal views)
7.5 %
D
^
^s
z
dd
/
^
d
^
d
D^
^
^
d
d
D^
D^
d
d
d
D^
D^
d
/
d
D^
D^
/
E
d
d
D^
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d^
d
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,
K
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Z
d
d^
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,
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d
d^
D
d^
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/
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d
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d^
K ^
K
/
K
^
d
d^
d^
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d
d^
d^
Z ^
Z
d
d^
d^
Z ^
Z
d
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Z
d
Z
Z
Z
d
Z
Z
d
Z
Z
d
Z
^s
^
W
d
d
^s
^W
D
/
/
d
^W
&
^W
,
d
^W
K
d
Possible Exercises on Chapter Six
Two views of a model are given in each of the following cases. Replace one of the views using either Full,
Half or Off-set sectional view and show your cutting plan line.
Azemeraw T.
6
5
10
Azemeraw T.
11
12
13
Azemeraw T.
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises (Sectional
Multi-View Drawings) on Chapter Six
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Parameters
Neatness of the drawing
Instruction
Lay out of the drawing
Lettering
Choice of view
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border and Object line
Hatching line
Cutting plane line
Center line
Hidden line
Construction line
Accuracy of the view
Sectional view
Front view
Top view
Side view
Precedence of line
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Total Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
10 %
30 % (5 % each)
35 % (20 % sectional
view and 5 % each
principal views)
7.5 %
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises (Sectional
Pictorial Drawings) on Chapter Six
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Parameters
Neatness of the drawing
Instruction
Lay out of the drawing
Lettering
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border and Object line
Hatching line
Center line
Construction line
Accuracy of the drawing
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Total Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
5%
10 %
20 % (5 % each)
55 %
D
^
/
z
dd
/
W
/
/
d
/
^
d
d
d
/
d
/
d
&
d
d
d
W
Z
d
d
d
W
d
Z
d
d
d
d
d
d
W
/
/
W
d
W
W
d
/
/
y
d
W
W
d
W
W
d
/
/
d
d
W
/
/
d
W
W
d
W
W
d
W
Z
dW
d
/
d
Z
dW
^
/
d
^
^
d
K
K
d
K
K
d
//
t
>
//
d
d
>/dW
>
>/dW
>
d
>/dW
>
>/d
>
d
>/d
>
>/
d
>/W
>/W
d
>/^W
>/^
d
Possible Exercises on Chapter Seven
Develop the lateral surface with the upper and lower cover of the given drawing. Transfer the dimension
from the given views.
Azemeraw T.
Azemeraw T.
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises
(Development) on Chapter Seven
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Parameters
Neatness of the drawing
Instruction
Lay out of the drawing
Position of unfolding
Lettering
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border and Object line
Center line
Hidden line
Construction line
Accuracy of the view
Developmental view
Other view
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Total Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
5%
5%
10 %
20 % (5 % each)
50 % (30%
developmental view
and 20 % other view)
Parameters for Evaluating the Exercises
(Intersection) on Chapter Seven
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Parameters
Neatness of the drawing
Instruction
Lay out of the drawing
Lettering
Dimensional accuracy
Line quality and thickness
Border and Object line
Intersection line
Center line
Hidden line
Construction line
Accuracy of the view
front view
top view
Side view
Precedence of line
Azemeraw T.
Shared Values from
Total Point
2.5 %
5%
2.5 %
5%
10 %
25 % (5 % each)
45 % (15% each)
5%
Sources of the Course Material
The main sources in order to prepare this material are:
Browsing different websites available in the internet.
Addis Ababa institute of technology-mechanical
department staffs lecture notes.
Azemeraw T.
engineering
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