Population and Human & Social Development
Demographic transition is the transition from a stable population with high mortality and fertility to a stable
population with low mortality and fertility. In India the demographic transition has been relatively slow but
steady.
As a result the country was able to avoid adverse effects of too rapid changes in the number and age structure of
the population on social and economic development.
Challenges
To meet all the needs of rapidly growing adolescent and young adult population
To cater to their increasing expectations for improved quality, spectrum and access to services.
Facts:
> 9! of the population growth occurs in developing countries
"opulation pyramid of #erala is approaching that of more developed countries while that of $" resembles the less
developed countries.
STRATEGES T! C!"TR!# P!P$#AT!" %
&. $sing various means of communication to persuade people to adopt small family norms.
'. Availability of family planning methods through different outlets in every region.
(. )etting up of family planning centers to ma*e available the services relating to family planning methods.
+. ,inancial assistance to the acceptors and motivators of the family planning methods.
. "romoting female education and employment.
-. "romotion of delayed marriages%
T!!#S & TECH"&$ES $SED T! C!"TR!# P!P$#AT!":
"opulation control may use one or more of the following practices although there are other methods as well%
contraception
abstinence
medical abortion
emigration
decreasing immigration
S!#$T!"S & REC!''E"DAT!"S:
&. )preading of awareness by angadwadi.s / panchayats.
'. )trict abortion rules throughout the country.
(. 0eavy promotion of contraception methods.
+. Divide 1ural2$rban into 3ones / then spread awareness.
. ,ormulate different strategies for urban / rural areas.
-. 1ope in religious leader.s as their participation matters for influencing people.
4. "romoting spread of sexual education in school.s / colleges.
5. "romotion of street plays, T6 ads, radio 7ingles to spread awareness.
9. )top having biases between sexes.
&8. 9overnment counseling centers must be opened for better counseling of people especially in rural areas.
'anpo(e) Planning which is also called as 0uman 1esource "lanning consists of putting right number of
people, right *ind of people at the right place, right time, doing the right things for which they are suited for the
achievement of goals of the organi3ation. 0uman 1esource "lanning has got an important place in the arena of
industriali3ation.
A*u)veda+ ,oga and "atu)opath*+ $nani+ Siddha and Homoeopath* :A,$SH; %
A*u)veda can be defined as a system, which uses the inherent principles of nature, to help maintain health in a
person by *eeping the individual<s body, mind and spirit in perfect equilibrium with nature.
Ayurveda is a )ans*rit term, made up of the words =ayus= and =veda.= =Ayus= means life and =Veda= means
*nowledge or science. The term =ayurveda= thus means <the *nowledge of life< or <the science of life<.
According to the ancient Ayurvedic scholar >hara*a, =ayu= comprises the mind, body, senses and the soul.
The aim of this system is to prevent illness, heal the sic* and preserve life. This can be summed up as follows%
To protect health and prolong life :=Swasthyas swasthya rakshanam=;
To eliminate diseases and dysfunctions of the body :=Aturasya vikar prashamanamcha=;
,oga: A term derived from the )ans*rit word =yug= meaning to 7oin together, to yo*e or to unite. It is a set of
various techniques to unite the mind, body and spirit within the individual and to unite the individual with the
Divine, the infinite or the universe.
"atu)opath*: A system of alternative medicine based on the theory that diseases can be successfully treated or
prevented without the use of drugs, by techniques such as control of diet, exercise, and massage.
$nani: $nani medicine is based on the concept of the four humours% "hlegm :?algham;, ?lood :Dam;, @ellow
bile : afrA<; and ?lac* bile :)audA<;. A system of medicine practiced in parts of India, thought to be derived via
medieval Buslim physicians from ?y3antine 9reece. It is sometimes contrasted with the Ayurvedic system.
Siddha: The word )iddha comes from the Tamil word for perfection. In )iddha medicine, the individual is a
microcosm of the universe. The human body consists of the five primordial elements C earth, water, fire, air and
space, the three humoursCvatha, pitta and *apha and seven physical constituents. ,ood is the basic building
material of the human body and gets processed into humours, tissues and wastes. The equilibrium of humours is
considered as health and its disturbance or imbalance leads to a diseased state. There is equal emphasis on the
body, mind and spirit and strives to restore the innate harmony of the individual. Treatment is aimed at restoring
balance to the mindCbody system. Diet, lifestyle, yoga and meditation play a ma7or role not only in maintaining
health but also in curing diseases.
Homoeopath*: a method of treating disease with small amounts of remedies that, in large amounts in healthy
people, produce symptoms similar to those being treated. This system is based on the theory that =li*e cures li*e=.
This law was discovered Dr )amuel 0ahnemann in &49-, who was a 9erman scientist.