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Labor Code of the Philippines - Preliminary Title

[Presidential Decree No. !" as #mended$
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A DECREE INSTITUTING A LABOR CODE THEREBY REVISING AND
CONSOLIDATING LABOR AND SOCIAL LAWS TO AFFORD PROTECTION TO
LABOR, PROMOTE EMPLOYMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES
DEVELOPMENT AND INSURE INDUSTRIAL PEACE BASED ON SOCIAL
JUSTICE


PRELIMINARY TITLE

Chapter I
GENERAL PROVISIONS

ARTICLE 1. Name of Decree. - This Decree shall be !"#! as the
"Labor Code of the Philippines".

ART. $. Date of effectivity. - This C"%e shall tae e&&ect si' ()*
+"!ths a&ter its pr"+,l-ati"!.
ART. .. Declaration of basic policy. - The State shall a&&"r%
pr"tecti"! t" lab"r/ pr"+"te &,ll e+pl"0+e!t/ e!s,re e1,al #"r
"pp"rt,!ities re-ar%less "& se'/ race "r cree% a!% re-,late the
relati"!s bet#ee! #"rers a!% e+pl"0ers. The State shall ass,re the
ri-hts "& #"rers t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"!/ c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-/ sec,rit0
"& te!,re/ a!% 4,st a!% h,+a!e c"!%iti"!s "& #"r.

ART. 5. Construction in favor of labor. - All %",bts i! the
i+ple+e!tati"! a!% i!terpretati"! "& the pr"3isi"!s "& this C"%e/
i!cl,%i!- its i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!% re-,lati"!s/ shall be res"l3e% i!
&a3"r "& lab"r.
ART. 6. Rules and regulations. - The Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% "ther
-"3er!+e!t a-e!cies char-e% #ith the a%+i!istrati"! a!%
e!&"rce+e!t "& this C"%e "r a!0 "& its parts shall pr"+,l-ate the
!ecessar0 i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!% re-,lati"!s. S,ch r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s shall bec"+e e&&ecti3e &i&tee! (16* %a0s a&ter
a!!",!ce+e!t "& their a%"pti"! i! !e#spapers "& -e!eral circ,lati"!.
ART. ). Applicability. - All ri-hts a!% be!e&its -ra!te% t" #"rers
,!%er this C"%e shall/ e'cept as +a0 "ther#ise be pr"3i%e% herei!/
appl0 alie t" all #"rers/ #hether a-ric,lt,ral "r !"!-a-ric,lt,ral.
(As a+e!%e% b0 Presi%e!tial Decree N". 678-A/ N"3e+ber 1/ 1975*.

Chapter II
EMANCIPATION O: TENANTS

ART. 7. State+e!t "& Ob4ecti3es. ; I!as+,ch as the "l% c"!cept "&
la!% "#!ership b0 a &e# has spa#!e% 3ali% a!% le-iti+ate -rie3a!ces
that -a3e rise t" 3i"le!t c"!&lict a!% s"cial te!si"! a!% the re%ress "&
s,ch le-iti+ate -rie3a!ces bei!- "!e "& the &,!%a+e!tal "b4ecti3es "&
the Ne# S"ciet0/ it has bec"+e i+perati3e t" start re&"r+ati"! #ith
the e+a!cipati"! "& the tiller "& the s"il &r"+ his b"!%a-e.

ART. <. Transfer of lands to tenant!or"ers. - =ei!- a 3ital part "&
the lab"r &"rce/ te!a!t-&ar+ers "! pri3ate a-ric,lt,ral la!%s pri+aril0
%e3"te% t" rice a!% c"r! ,!%er a s0ste+ "& share cr"p "r lease
te!a!c0 #hether classi&ie% as la!%e% estate "r !"t shall be %ee+e%
"#!er "& a p"rti"! c"!stit,ti!- a &a+il0-si2e &ar+ "& &i3e (6* hectares/
i& !"t irri-ate% a!% three (.* hectares/ i& irri-ate%.

I! all cases/ the la!% "#!er +a0 retai! a ! area "& !"t +"re tha!
se3e! (7* hectares i& s,ch la!%"#!er is c,lti3ati!- s,ch area "r #ill
!"# c,lti3ate it.
ART. 9. Determination of land value. - :"r the p,rp"se "&
%eter+i!i!- the c"st "& the la!% t" be tra!s&erre% t" the te!a!t-
&ar+er/ the 3al,e "& the la!% shall be e1,i3ale!t t" t#" a!% "!e-hal&
($-1>$* ti+es the a3era-e har3est "& three (.* !"r+al cr"p 0ears
i++e%iatel0 prece%i!- the pr"+,l-ati"! "& Presi%e!tial Decree N".
$7 "! Oct"ber $1/ 197$.
The t"tal c"st "& the la!%/ i!cl,%i!- i!terest at the rate "& si' perce!t
()?* per a!!,+/ shall be pai% b0 the te!a!t i! &i&tee! (16* 0ears "&
&i&tee! (16* e1,al a!!,al a+"rti2ati"!s.
I! case "& %e&a,lt/ the a+"rti2ati"! %,e shall be pai% b0 the &ar+ers@
c""perati3e i! #hich the %e&a,lti!- te!a!t-&ar+er is a +e+ber/ #ith
the c""perati3e ha3i!- a ri-ht "& rec",rse a-ai!st hi+.
The -"3er!+e!t shall -,ara!tee s,ch a+"rti2ati"!s #ith shares "&
st"c i! -"3er!+e!t-"#!e% a!% -"3er!+e!t-c"!tr"lle%
c"rp"rati"!s.
ART. 18. Conditions of o!nership. - N" title t" the la!% ac1,ire% b0
the te!a!t-&ar+er ,!%er Presi%e!tial Decree N". $7 shall be act,all0
iss,e% t" hi+ ,!less a!% ,!til he has bec"+e a &,ll-&le%-e% +e+ber
"& a %,l0 rec"-!i2e% &ar+ers@ c""perati3e.
Title t" the la!% ac1,ire% p,rs,a!t t" Presi%e!tial Decree N". $7 "r
the La!% Re&"r+ Pr"-ra+ "& the G"3er!+e!t shall !"t be
tra!s&erable e'cept b0 here%itar0 s,ccessi"! "r t" the G"3er!+e!t i!
acc"r%a!ce #ith the pr"3isi"!s "& Presi%e!tial Decree N". $7/ the
C"%e "& A-raria! Re&"r+s a!% "ther e'isti!- la#s a!% re-,lati"!s.
ART. 11. #mplementing agency. - The Depart+e!t "& A-raria!
Re&"r+ shall pr"+,l-ate the !ecessar0 r,les a!% re-,lati"!s t"
i+ple+e!t the pr"3isi"!s "& this Chapter.

=OOA ONE
PRE-EMPLOYMENT

ART. 1$. $tatement of ob%ectives. - It is the p"lic0 "& the StateB
a* T" pr"+"te a!% +ai!tai! a state "& &,ll e+pl"0+e!t thr",-h
i+pr"3e% +a!p"#er trai!i!-/ all"cati"! a!% ,tili2ati"!C
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
b* T" pr"tect e3er0 citi2e! %esiri!- t" #"r l"call0 "r "3erseas b0
sec,ri!- &"r hi+ the best p"ssible ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "&
e+pl"0+e!tC cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
c* T" &acilitate a &ree ch"ice "& a3ailable e+pl"0+e!t b0 pers"!s
seei!- #"r i! c"!&"r+it0 #ith the !ati"!al i!terestC
%* T" &acilitate a!% re-,late the +"3e+e!t "& #"rers i! c"!&"r+it0
#ith the !ati"!al i!terestC
e* T" re-,late the e+pl"0+e!t "& alie!s/ i!cl,%i!- the establish+e!t
"& a re-istrati"! a!%>"r #"r per+it s0ste+C
&* T" stre!-the! the !et#"r "& p,blic e+pl"0+e!t "&&ices a!%
rati"!ali2e the participati"! "& the pri3ate sect"r i! the recr,it+e!t
a!% place+e!t "& #"rers/ l"call0 a!% "3erseas/ t" ser3e !ati"!al
%e3el"p+e!t "b4ecti3esC cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
-* T" i!s,re care&,l selecti"! "& :ilipi!" #"rers &"r "3erseas
e+pl"0+e!t i! "r%er t" pr"tect the -""% !a+e "& the Philippi!es
abr"a%.

Title I
RECRDITMENT
AND
PLACEMENT O: EORAERS

Chapter I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
ART. 1.. Definitions. - (a* "&or"er" +ea!s a!0 +e+ber "& the lab"r
&"rce/ #hether e+pl"0e% "r ,!e+pl"0e%.
(b* "Recruitment and placement" re&ers t" a!0 act "& ca!3assi!-/
e!listi!-/ c"!tracti!-/ tra!sp"rti!-/ ,tili2i!-/ hiri!- "r pr"c,ri!-
#"rers/ a!% i!cl,%es re&errals/ c"!tract ser3ices/ pr"+isi!- "r
a%3ertisi!- &"r e+pl"0+e!t/ l"call0 "r abr"a%/ #hether &"r pr"&it "r
!"tB Pr"3i%e%/ That a!0 pers"! "r e!tit0 #hich/ i! a!0 +a!!er/ "&&ers
"r pr"+ises &"r a &ee/ e+pl"0+e!t t" t#" "r +"re pers"!s shall be
%ee+e% e!-a-e% i! recr,it+e!t a!% place+e!t.
(c* "Private feecharging employment agency" +ea!s a!0 pers"! "r
e!tit0 e!-a-e% i! recr,it+e!t a!% place+e!t "& #"rers &"r a &ee
#hich is char-e%/ %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0/ &r"+ the #"rers "r
e+pl"0ers "r b"th.
(%* "License" +ea!s a %"c,+e!t iss,e% b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r
a,th"ri2i!- a pers"! "r e!tit0 t" "perate a pri3ate e+pl"0+e!t
a-e!c0.
(e* "Private recruitment entity" +ea!s a!0 pers"! "r ass"ciati"!
e!-a-e% i! the recr,it+e!t a!% place+e!t "& #"rers/ l"call0 "r
"3erseas/ #ith",t char-i!-/ %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0/ a!0 &ee &r"+ the
#"rers "r e+pl"0ers.
(&* "Authority" +ea!s a %"c,+e!t iss,e% b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r
a,th"ri2i!- a pers"! "r ass"ciati"! t" e!-a-e i! recr,it+e!t a!%
place+e!t acti3ities as a pri3ate recr,it+e!t e!tit0.
(-* "$eaman" +ea!s a!0 pers"! e+pl"0e% i! a 3essel e!-a-e% i!
+ariti+e !a3i-ati"!.
(h* "'verseas employment" +ea!s e+pl"0+e!t "& a #"rer ",tsi%e
the Philippi!es. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(i* "(migrant" +ea!s a!0 pers"!/ #"rer "r "ther#ise/ #h"
e+i-rates t" a &"rei-! c",!tr0 b0 3irt,e "& a! i++i-ra!t 3isa "r
resi%e!t per+it "r its e1,i3ale!t i! the c",!tr0 "& %esti!ati"!.

ART. 15. (mployment promotion. - The Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall ha3e
the p"#er a!% a,th"rit0B
(a* T" "r-a!i2e a!% establish !e# e+pl"0+e!t "&&ices i! a%%iti"! t"
the e'isti!- e+pl"0+e!t "&&ices ,!%er the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r as
the !ee% arisesC
(b* T" "r-a!i2e a!% establish a !ati"!#i%e 4"b cleara!ce a!%
i!&"r+ati"! s0ste+ t" i!&"r+ applica!ts re-isteri!- #ith a partic,lar
e+pl"0+e!t "&&ice "& 4"b "pp"rt,!ities i! "ther parts "& the c",!tr0
as #ell as 4"b "pp"rt,!ities abr"a%C
(c* T" %e3el"p a!% "r-a!i2e a pr"-ra+ that #ill &acilitate
"cc,pati"!al/ i!%,strial a!% -e"-raphical +"bilit0 "& lab"r a!%
pr"3i%e assista!ce i! the rel"cati"! "& #"rers &r"+ "!e area t"
a!"therC a!%
(%* T" re1,ire a!0 pers"!/ establish+e!t/ "r-a!i2ati"! "r i!stit,ti"!
t" s,b+it s,ch e+pl"0+e!t i!&"r+ati"! as +a0 be prescribe% b0 the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
ART. 16. )ureau of (mployment $ervices. - (a* The =,rea, "&
E+pl"0+e!t Ser3ices shall be pri+aril0 resp"!sible &"r %e3el"pi!-
a!% +"!it"ri!- a c"+prehe!si3e e+pl"0+e!t pr"-ra+. It shall ha3e
the p"#er a!% %,t0B
1. T" &"r+,late a!% %e3el"p pla!s a!% pr"-ra+s t" i+ple+e!t the
e+pl"0+e!t pr"+"ti"! "b4ecti3es "& this TitleC
$. T" establish a!% +ai!tai! a re-istrati"! a!%>"r lice!si!- s0ste+ t"
re-,late pri3ate sect"r participati"! i! the recr,it+e!t a!%
place+e!t "& #"rers/ l"call0 a!% "3erseas/ a!% t" sec,re the best
p"ssible ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t &"r :ilipi!" c"!tract
#"rers a!% c"+plia!ce there#ith ,!%er s,ch r,les a!% re-,lati"!s
as +a0 be iss,e% b0 the Mi!ister "& Lab"rC
.. T" &"r+,late a!% %e3el"p e+pl"0+e!t pr"-ra+s %esi-!e% t"
be!e&it %isa%3a!ta-e% -r",ps a!% c"++,!itiesC cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
5. T" establish a!% +ai!tai! a re-istrati"! a!%>"r #"r per+it
s0ste+ t" re-,late the e+pl"0+e!t "& alie!sC
6. T" %e3el"p a lab"r +aret i!&"r+ati"! s0ste+ i! ai% "& pr"per
+a!p"#er a!% %e3el"p+e!t pla!!i!-C
). T" %e3el"p a resp"!si3e 3"cati"!al -,i%a!ce a!% testi!- s0ste+ i!
ai% "& pr"per h,+a! res",rces all"cati"!C a!%
7. T" +ai!tai! a ce!tral re-istr0 "& sills/ e'cept sea+e!.
(b* The re-i"!al "&&ices "& the Mi!istr0 "& Lab"r shall ha3e the
"ri-i!al a!% e'cl,si3e 4,ris%icti"! "3er all +atters "r cases i!3"l3i!-
e+pl"0er-e+pl"0ee relati"!s i!cl,%i!- +"!e0 clai+s/ arisi!- ",t "&
"r b0 3irt,e "& a!0 la# "r c"!tracts i!3"l3i!- :ilipi!" #"rers &"r
"3erseas e+pl"0+e!t e'cept sea+e!B Pr"3i%e%/ That the =,rea, "&
E+pl"0+e!t Ser3ices +a0/ i! the case "& the Nati"!al Capital Re-i"!/
e'ercise s,ch p"#er/ #he!e3er the Mi!ister "& Lab"r %ee+s it
appr"priate. The %ecisi"!s "& the re-i"!al "&&ices "& the =,rea, "&
E+pl"0+e!t Ser3ices/ i& s" a,th"ri2e% b0 the Mi!ister "& Lab"r as
pr"3i%e% i! this Article/ shall be appealable t" the Nati"!al Lab"r
Relati"!s C"++issi"! ,p"! the sa+e -r",!%s pr"3i%e% i! Article
$$. here"&. The %ecisi"!s "& the Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s
C"++issi"! shall be &i!al a!% i!appealable. (S,perse%e% b0 E'ec. Or%er 797/
Ma0 1/ 19<$*.
(c* The Mi!ister "& Lab"r shall ha3e the p"#er t" i+p"se a!% c"llect
&ees base% "! rates rec"++e!%e% b0 the =,rea, "& E+pl"0+e!t
Ser3ices. S,ch &ees shall be %ep"site% i! the Nati"!al Treas,r0 as a
special acc",!t "& the Ge!eral :,!%/ &"r the pr"+"ti"! "& the
"b4ecti3es "& the =,rea, "& E+pl"0+e!t Ser3ices/ s,b4ect t" the
pr"3isi"!s "& Secti"! 58 "& Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1177.
ART. 1). Private recruitment. - E'cept as pr"3i%e% i! Chapter II "&
this Title/ !" pers"! "r e!tit0 "ther tha! the p,blic e+pl"0+e!t
"&&ices/ shall e!-a-e i! the recr,it+e!t a!% place+e!t "& #"rers.
ART. 17. 'verseas (mployment Development )oard. - A! O3erseas
E+pl"0+e!t De3el"p+e!t ="ar% is hereb0 create% t" ,!%ertae/ i!
c""perati"! #ith rele3a!t e!tities a!% a-e!cies/ a s0ste+atic pr"-ra+
&"r "3erseas e+pl"0+e!t "& :ilipi!" #"rers i! e'cess "& %"+estic
!ee%s a!% t" pr"tect their ri-hts t" &air a!% e1,itable e+pl"0+e!t
practices. It shall ha3e the p"#er a!% %,t0B
1. T" pr"+"te the "3erseas e+pl"0+e!t "& :ilipi!" #"rers thr",-h a
c"+prehe!si3e +aret pr"+"ti"! a!% %e3el"p+e!t pr"-ra+C
$. T" sec,re the best p"ssible ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t "&
:ilipi!" c"!tract #"rers "! a -"3er!+e!t-t"--"3er!+e!t basis a!%
t" e!s,re c"+plia!ce there#ithC
.. T" recr,it a!% place #"rers &"r "3erseas e+pl"0+e!t "! a
-"3er!+e!t-t"--"3er!+e!t arra!-e+e!t a!% i! s,ch "ther sect"rs as
p"lic0 +a0 %ictateC a!% cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
5. T" act as secretariat &"r the ="ar% "& Tr,stees "& the Eel&are a!%
Trai!i!- :,!% &"r O3erseas E"rers.
ART. 1<. )an on directhiring. - N" e+pl"0er +a0 hire a :ilipi!"
#"rer &"r "3erseas e+pl"0+e!t e'cept thr",-h the ="ar%s a!%
e!tities a,th"ri2e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r. Direct-hiri!- b0
+e+bers "& the %ipl"+atic c"rps/ i!ter!ati"!al "r-a!i2ati"!s a!%
s,ch "ther e+pl"0ers as +a0 be all"#e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r is
e'e+pte% &r"+ this pr"3isi"!.
ART. 19. 'ffice of (migrant Affairs. - (a* P,rs,a!t t" the !ati"!al
p"lic0 t" +ai!tai! cl"se ties #ith :ilipi!" +i-ra!t c"++,!ities a!%
pr"+"te their #el&are as #ell as establish a %ata ba! i! ai% "&
!ati"!al +a!p"#er p"lic0 &"r+,lati"!/ a! O&&ice "& E+i-ra!t A&&airs
is hereb0 create% i! the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r. The O&&ice shall be a
,!it at the O&&ice "& the Secretar0 a!% shall i!itiall0 be +a!!e% a!%
"perate% b0 s,ch pers"!!el a!% thr",-h s,ch &,!%i!- as are
a3ailable #ithi! the Depart+e!t a!% its attache% a-e!cies.
Therea&ter/ its appr"priati"! shall be +a%e part "& the re-,lar
Ge!eral Appr"priati"!s Decree.
(b* The "&&ice shall/ a+"!- "thers/ pr"+"te the #ell-bei!- "&
e+i-ra!ts a!% +ai!tai! their cl"se li! t" the h"+ela!% b0B
1* ser3i!- as a liais"! #ith +i-ra!t c"++,!itiesC
$* pr"3isi"! "& #el&are a!% c,lt,ral ser3icesC
.* pr"+"te a!% &acilitate re-i!te-rati"! "& +i-ra!ts i!t" the !ati"!al
+ai!strea+C
5* pr"+"te ec"!"+icC p"litical a!% c,lt,ral ties #ith the
c"++,!itiesC a!%
6* -e!erall0 t" ,!%ertae s,ch acti3ities as +a0 be appr"priate t"
e!ha!ce s,ch c""perati3e li!s.

ART. $8. National $eamen )oard. - (a* A Nati"!al Sea+e! ="ar% is
hereb0 create% #hich shall %e3el"p a!% +ai!tai! a c"+prehe!si3e
pr"-ra+ &"r :ilipi!" sea+e! e+pl"0e% "3erseas. It shall ha3e the
p"#er a!% %,t0B
1. T" pr"3i%e &ree place+e!t ser3ices &"r sea+e!C
$. T" re-,late a!% s,per3ise the acti3ities "& a-e!ts "r represe!tati3es
"& shippi!- c"+pa!ies i! the hiri!- "& sea+e! &"r "3erseas
e+pl"0+e!t a!% sec,re the best p"ssible ter+s "& e+pl"0+e!t &"r
c"!tract sea+e! #"rers a!% sec,re c"+plia!ce there#ithC
.. T" +ai!tai! a c"+plete re-istr0 "& all :ilipi!" sea+e!.
(b* The ="ar% shall ha3e "ri-i!al a!% e'cl,si3e 4,ris%icti"! "3er all
+atters "r cases i!cl,%i!- +"!e0 clai+s/ i!3"l3i!- e+pl"0er-
e+pl"0ee relati"!s/ arisi!- ",t "& "r b0 3irt,e "& a!0 la# "r c"!tracts
i!3"l3i!- :ilipi!" sea+e! &"r "3erseas e+pl"0+e!t. The %ecisi"!s "&
the ="ar% shall be appealable t" the Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s
C"++issi"! ,p"! the sa+e -r",!%s pr"3i%e% i! Article $$. here"&.
The %ecisi"!s "& the Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s C"++issi"! shall be
&i!al a!% i!appealable.
ART. $1. *oreign service role and participation. - T" pr"3i%e a+ple
pr"tecti"! t" :ilipi!" #"rers abr"a%/ the lab"r attaches/ the lab"r
rep"rti!- "&&icers %,l0 %esi-!ate% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% the
Philippi!e %ipl"+atic "r c"!s,lar "&&icials c"!cer!e% shall/ e3e!
#ith",t pri"r i!str,cti"! "r a%3ice &r"+ the h"+e "&&ice/ e'ercise the
p"#er a!% %,t0B cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(a* T" pr"3i%e all :ilipi!" #"rers #ithi! their 4,ris%icti"! assista!ce
"! all +atters arisi!- ",t "& e+pl"0+e!tC
(b* T" i!s,re that :ilipi!" #"rers are !"t e'pl"ite% "r %iscri+i!ate%
a-ai!stC
(c* T" 3eri&0 a!% certi&0 as re1,isite t" a,the!ticati"! that the ter+s
a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t i! c"!tracts i!3"l3i!- :ilipi!" #"rers
are i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the Lab"r C"%e a!% r,les a!% re-,lati"!s "&
the O3erseas E+pl"0+e!t De3el"p+e!t ="ar% a!% Nati"!al Sea+e!
="ar%C
(%* T" +ae c"!ti!,i!- st,%ies "r researches a!% rec"++e!%ati"!s
"! the 3ari",s aspects "& the e+pl"0+e!t +aret #ithi! their
4,ris%icti"!C
(e* T" -ather a!% a!al02e i!&"r+ati"! "! the e+pl"0+e!t sit,ati"!
a!% its pr"bable tre!%s/ a!% t" +ae s,ch i!&"r+ati"! a3ailableC a!%
(&* T" per&"r+ s,ch "ther %,ties as +a0 be re1,ire% "& the+ &r"+
ti+e t" ti+e.
ART. $$. +andatory remittance of foreign e,change earnings. - It
shall be +a!%at"r0 &"r all :ilipi!" #"rers abr"a% t" re+it a p"rti"!
"& their &"rei-! e'cha!-e ear!i!-s t" their &a+ilies/ %epe!%e!ts/
a!%>"r be!e&iciaries i! the c",!tr0 i! acc"r%a!ce #ith r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s prescribe% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
ART. $.. Composition of the )oards. - (a* The OED= shall be
c"+p"se% "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t as Chair+a!/
the D!%ersecretar0 "& Lab"r as Vice-Chair+a!/ a!% a represe!tati3e
each "& the Depart+e!t "& :"rei-! A&&airs/ the Depart+e!t "&
Nati"!al De&e!se/ the Ce!tral =a!/ the Depart+e!t "& E%,cati"!/
C,lt,re a!% Sp"rts/ the Nati"!al Ma!p"#er a!% Y",th C",!cil/ the
=,rea, "& E+pl"0+e!t Ser3ices/ a #"rers@ "r-a!i2ati"! a!% a!
e+pl"0ers@ "r-a!i2ati"! a!% the E'ec,ti3e Direct"r "& the OED= as
+e+bers.
(b* The Nati"!al Sea+e! ="ar% shall be c"+p"se% "& the Secretar0 "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t as Chair+a!/ the D!%ersecretar0 "& Lab"r as
Vice-Chair+a!/ the C"++a!%a!t "& the Philippi!e C"ast G,ar%/ a!%
a represe!tati3e each "& the Depart+e!t "& :"rei-! A&&airs/ the
Depart+e!t "& E%,cati"!/ C,lt,re a!% Sp"rts/ the Ce!tral =a!/ the
Mariti+e I!%,str0 A,th"rit0/ the =,rea, "& E+pl"0+e!t Ser3ices/ a
!ati"!al shippi!- ass"ciati"! a!% the E'ec,ti3e Direct"r "& the NS=
as +e+bers.
The +e+bers "& the ="ar%s shall recei3e all"#a!ces t" be %eter+i!e%
b0 the ="ar% #hich shall !"t be +"re tha! P$/888.88 per +"!th.
(c* The ="ar%s shall be attache% t" the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r &"r
p"lic0 a!% pr"-ra+ c""r%i!ati"!. The0 shall each be assiste% b0 a
Secretariat hea%e% b0 a! E'ec,ti3e Direct"r #h" shall be a :ilipi!"
citi2e! #ith s,&&icie!t e'perie!ce i! +a!p"#er a%+i!istrati"!/
i!cl,%i!- "3erseas e+pl"0+e!t acti3ities. The E'ec,ti3e Direct"r
shall be app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t "& the Philippi!es ,p"! the
rec"++e!%ati"! "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% shall recei3e a!
a!!,al salar0 as &i'e% b0 la#. The Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall app"i!t the
"ther +e+bers "& the Secretariat.
(%* The A,%it"r Ge!eral shall app"i!t his represe!tati3e t" the
="ar%s t" a,%it their respecti3e acc",!ts i! acc"r%a!ce #ith a,%iti!-
la#s a!% perti!e!t r,les a!% re-,lati"!s. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. $5. )oards to issue rules and collect fees. - The ="ar%s shall
iss,e appr"priate r,les a!% re-,lati"!s t" carr0 ",t their &,!cti"!s.
The0 shall ha3e the p"#er t" i+p"se a!% c"llect &ees &r"+ e+pl"0ers
c"!cer!e%/ #hich shall be %ep"site% i! the respecti3e acc",!ts "& sai%
="ar%s a!% be ,se% b0 the+ e'cl,si3el0 t" pr"+"te their "b4ecti3es.

Chapter II
REGDLATION O: RECRDITMENT AND PLACEMENT ACTIVITIES

ART. $6. Private sector participation in the recruitment and
placement of !or"ers. - P,rs,a!t t" !ati"!al %e3el"p+e!t "b4ecti3es
a!% i! "r%er t" har!ess a!% +a'i+i2e the ,se "& pri3ate sect"r
res",rces a!% i!itiati3e i! the %e3el"p+e!t a!% i+ple+e!tati"! "& a
c"+prehe!si3e e+pl"0+e!t pr"-ra+/ the pri3ate e+pl"0+e!t sect"r
shall participate i! the recr,it+e!t a!% place+e!t "& #"rers/ l"call0
a!% "3erseas/ ,!%er s,ch -,i%eli!es/ r,les a!% re-,lati"!s as +a0 be
iss,e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
ART. $). Travel agencies prohibited to recruit. - Tra3el a-e!cies a!%
sales a-e!cies "& airli!e c"+pa!ies are pr"hibite% &r"+ e!-a-i!- i!
the b,si!ess "& recr,it+e!t a!% place+e!t "& #"rers &"r "3erseas
e+pl"0+e!t #hether &"r pr"&it "r !"t.
ART. $7. Citi-enship [Link]. - O!l0 :ilipi!" citi2e!s "r
c"rp"rati"!s/ part!erships "r e!tities at least se3e!t0-&i3e perce!t
(76?* "& the a,th"ri2e% a!% 3"ti!- capital st"c "& #hich is "#!e%
a!% c"!tr"lle% b0 :ilipi!" citi2e!s shall be per+itte% t" participate i!
the recr,it+e!t a!% place+e!t "& #"rers/ l"call0 "r "3erseas.
ART. $<. Capitali-ation. - All applica!ts &"r a,th"rit0 t" hire "r
re!e#al "& lice!se t" recr,it are re1,ire% t" ha3e s,ch s,bsta!tial
capitali2ati"! as %eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
ART. $9. Nontransferability of license or authority. - N" lice!se "r
a,th"rit0 shall be ,se% %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0 b0 a!0 pers"! "ther tha!
the "!e i! #h"se &a3"r it #as iss,e% "r at a!0 place "ther tha! that
state% i! the lice!se "r a,th"rit0 be tra!s&erre%/ c"!3e0e% "r assi-!e%
t" a!0 "ther pers"! "r e!tit0. A!0 tra!s&er "& b,si!ess a%%ress/
app"i!t+e!t "r %esi-!ati"! "& a!0 a-e!t "r represe!tati3e i!cl,%i!-
the establish+e!t "& a%%iti"!al "&&ices a!0#here shall be s,b4ect t"
the pri"r appr"3al "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r.
ART. .8. Registration fees. - The Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall pr"+,l-ate
a sche%,le "& &ees &"r the re-istrati"! "& all applica!ts &"r lice!se "r
a,th"rit0.
ART. .1. )onds. - All applica!ts &"r lice!se "r a,th"rit0 shall p"st
s,ch cash a!% s,ret0 b"!%s as %eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r
t" -,ara!tee c"+plia!ce #ith prescribe% recr,it+e!t pr"ce%,res/
r,les a!% re-,lati"!s/ a!% ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t as
+a0 be appr"priate.
ART. .$. *ees to be paid by !or"ers. - A!0 pers"! appl0i!- #ith a
pri3ate &ee-char-i!- e+pl"0+e!t a-e!c0 &"r e+pl"0+e!t assista!ce
shall !"t be char-e% a!0 &ee ,!til he has "btai!e% e+pl"0+e!t
thr",-h its e&&"rts "r has act,all0 c"++e!ce% e+pl"0+e!t. S,ch &ee
shall be al#a0s c"3ere% #ith the appr"priate receipt clearl0 sh"#i!-
the a+",!t pai%. The Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall pr"+,l-ate a sche%,le
"& all"#able &ees.
ART. ... Reports on employment status. - Ehe!e3er the p,blic
i!terest re1,ires/ the Secretar0 "& Lab"r +a0 %irect all pers"!s "r
e!tities #ithi! the c"3era-e "& this Title t" s,b+it a rep"rt "! the
stat,s "& e+pl"0+e!t/ i!cl,%i!- 4"b 3aca!cies/ %etails "& 4"b
re1,isiti"!s/ separati"! &r"+ 4"bs/ #a-es/ "ther ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s
a!% "ther e+pl"0+e!t %ata.
ART. .5. Prohibited practices. - It shall be ,!la#&,l &"r a!0
i!%i3i%,al/ e!tit0/ lice!see/ "r h"l%er "& a,th"rit0B
(a* T" char-e "r accept/ %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0/ a!0 a+",!t -reater
tha! that speci&ie% i! the sche%,le "& all"#able &ees prescribe% b0 the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r/ "r t" +ae a #"rer pa0 a!0 a+",!t -reater tha!
that act,all0 recei3e% b0 hi+ as a l"a! "r a%3a!ceC
(b* T" &,r!ish "r p,blish a!0 &alse !"tice "r i!&"r+ati"! "r %"c,+e!t
i! relati"! t" recr,it+e!t "r e+pl"0+e!tC
(c* T" -i3e a!0 &alse !"tice/ testi+"!0/ i!&"r+ati"! "r %"c,+e!t "r
c"++it a!0 act "& +isreprese!tati"! &"r the p,rp"se "& sec,ri!- a
lice!se "r a,th"rit0 ,!%er this C"%e.
(%* T" i!%,ce "r atte+pt t" i!%,ce a #"rer alrea%0 e+pl"0e% t" 1,it
his e+pl"0+e!t i! "r%er t" "&&er hi+ t" a!"ther ,!less the tra!s&er is
%esi-!e% t" liberate the #"rer &r"+ "ppressi3e ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s
"& e+pl"0+e!tC
(e* T" i!&l,e!ce "r t" atte+pt t" i!&l,e!ce a!0 pers"! "r e!tit0 !"t t"
e+pl"0 a!0 #"rer #h" has !"t applie% &"r e+pl"0+e!t thr",-h his
a-e!c0C
(&* T" e!-a-e i! the recr,it+e!t "r place+e!t "& #"rers i! 4"bs
har+&,l t" p,blic health "r +"ralit0 "r t" the %i-!it0 "& the Rep,blic
"& the Philippi!esC cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(-* T" "bstr,ct "r atte+pt t" "bstr,ct i!specti"! b0 the Secretar0 "&
Lab"r "r b0 his %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3esC
(h* T" &ail t" &ile rep"rts "! the stat,s "& e+pl"0+e!t/ place+e!t
3aca!cies/ re+itta!ce "& &"rei-! e'cha!-e ear!i!-s/ separati"! &r"+
4"bs/ %epart,res a!% s,ch "ther +atters "r i!&"r+ati"! as +a0 be
re1,ire% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
(i* T" s,bstit,te "r alter e+pl"0+e!t c"!tracts appr"3e% a!% 3eri&ie%
b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r &r"+ the ti+e "& act,al si-!i!- there"& b0
the parties ,p t" a!% i!cl,%i!- the peri"%s "& e'pirati"! "& the sa+e
#ith",t the appr"3al "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"rC
(4* T" bec"+e a! "&&icer "r +e+ber "& the ="ar% "& a!0 c"rp"rati"!
e!-a-e% i! tra3el a-e!c0 "r t" be e!-a-e% %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0 i! the
+a!a-e+e!t "& a tra3el a-e!c0C a!%
(* T" #ithh"l% "r %e!0 tra3el %"c,+e!ts &r"+ applica!t #"rers
be&"re %epart,re &"r +"!etar0 "r &i!a!cial c"!si%erati"!s "ther tha!
th"se a,th"ri2e% ,!%er this C"%e a!% its i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s.

ART. .6. $uspension and/or cancellation of license or authority. -
The Mi!ister "& Lab"r shall ha3e the p"#er t" s,spe!% "r ca!cel a!0
lice!se "r a,th"rit0 t" recr,it e+pl"0ees &"r "3erseas e+pl"0+e!t &"r
3i"lati"! "& r,les a!% re-,lati"!s iss,e% b0 the Mi!istr0 "& Lab"r/ the
O3erseas E+pl"0+e!t De3el"p+e!t ="ar%/ "r &"r 3i"lati"! "& the
pr"3isi"!s "& this a!% "ther applicable la#s/ Ge!eral Or%ers a!%
Letters "& I!str,cti"!s.

Chapter III
MISCELLANEODS PROVISIONS

ART. .). Regulatory po!er. - The Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall ha3e the
p"#er t" restrict a!% re-,late the recr,it+e!t a!% place+e!t
acti3ities "& all a-e!cies #ithi! the c"3era-e "& this Title a!% is hereb0
a,th"ri2e% t" iss,e "r%ers a!% pr"+,l-ate r,les a!% re-,lati"!s t"
carr0 ",t the "b4ecti3es a!% i+ple+e!t the pr"3isi"!s "& this Title.
ART. .7. 0isitorial Po!er. - The Secretar0 "& Lab"r "r his %,l0
a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3es +a0/ at a!0 ti+e/ i!spect the pre+ises/
b""s "& acc",!ts a!% rec"r%s "& a!0 pers"! "r e!tit0 c"3ere% b0 this
Title/ re1,ire it t" s,b+it rep"rts re-,larl0 "! prescribe% &"r+s/ a!%
act "! 3i"lati"! "& a!0 pr"3isi"!s "& this Title.
ART. .<. #llegal recruitment. - (a* A!0 recr,it+e!t acti3ities/
i!cl,%i!- the pr"hibite% practices e!,+erate% ,!%er Article .5 "&
this C"%e/ t" be ,!%ertae! b0 !"!-lice!sees "r !"!-h"l%ers "&
a,th"rit0/ shall be %ee+e% ille-al a!% p,!ishable ,!%er Article .9 "&
this C"%e. The Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r a!0 la#
e!&"rce+e!t "&&icer +a0 i!itiate c"+plai!ts ,!%er this Article.
(b* Ille-al recr,it+e!t #he! c"++itte% b0 a s0!%icate "r i! lar-e
scale shall be c"!si%ere% a! "&&e!se i!3"l3i!- ec"!"+ic sab"ta-e a!%
shall be pe!ali2e% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith Article .9 here"&.
Ille-al recr,it+e!t is %ee+e% c"++itte% b0 a s0!%icate i& carrie% ",t
b0 a -r",p "& three (.* "r +"re pers"!s c"!spiri!- a!%>"r
c"!&e%erati!- #ith "!e a!"ther i! carr0i!- ",t a!0 ,!la#&,l "r ille-al
tra!sacti"!/ e!terprise "r sche+e %e&i!e% ,!%er the &irst para-raph
here"&. Ille-al recr,it+e!t is %ee+e% c"++itte% i! lar-e scale i&
c"++itte% a-ai!st three (.* "r +"re pers"!s i!%i3i%,all0 "r as a
-r",p.
(c* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e%
represe!tati3es shall ha3e the p"#er t" ca,se the arrest a!% %ete!ti"!
"& s,ch !"!-lice!see "r !"!-h"l%er "& a,th"rit0 i& a&ter i!3esti-ati"!
it is %eter+i!e% that his acti3ities c"!stit,te a %a!-er t" !ati"!al
sec,rit0 a!% p,blic "r%er "r #ill lea% t" &,rther e'pl"itati"! "& 4"b-
seeers. The Secretar0 shall "r%er the search "& the "&&ice "r pre+ises
a!% sei2,re "& %"c,+e!ts/ parapher!alia/ pr"perties a!% "ther
i+ple+e!ts ,se% i! ille-al recr,it+e!t acti3ities a!% the cl"s,re "&
c"+pa!ies/ establish+e!ts a!% e!tities &",!% t" be e!-a-e% i! the
recr,it+e!t "& #"rers &"r "3erseas e+pl"0+e!t/ #ith",t ha3i!-
bee! lice!se% "r a,th"ri2e% t" %" s".
ART. .9. Penalties. - (a* The pe!alt0 "& li&e i+pris"!+e!t a!% a &i!e
"& O!e F,!%re% Th",sa!% Pes"s (P1888/888.88* shall be i+p"se% i&
ille-al recr,it+e!t c"!stit,tes ec"!"+ic sab"ta-e as %e&i!e% herei!C
(b* A!0 lice!see "r h"l%er "& a,th"rit0 &",!% 3i"lati!- "r ca,si!-
a!"ther t" 3i"late a!0 pr"3isi"! "& this Title "r its i+ple+e!ti!- r,les
a!% re-,lati"!s shall/ ,p"! c"!3icti"! there"&/ s,&&er the pe!alt0 "&
i+pris"!+e!t "& !"t less tha! t#" 0ears !"r +"re tha! &i3e 0ears "r a
&i!e "& !"t less tha! P18/888 !"r +"re tha! P68/888/ "r b"th s,ch
i+pris"!+e!t a!% &i!e/ at the %iscreti"! "& the c",rtC
(c* A!0 pers"! #h" is !either a lice!see !"r a h"l%er "& a,th"rit0
,!%er this Title &",!% 3i"lati!- a!0 pr"3isi"! there"& "r its
i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!% re-,lati"!s shall/ ,p"! c"!3icti"! there"&/
s,&&er the pe!alt0 "& i+pris"!+e!t "& !"t less tha! &",r 0ears !"r
+"re tha! ei-ht 0ears "r a &i!e "& !"t less tha! P$8/888 !"r +"re
tha! P188/888 "r b"th s,ch i+pris"!+e!t a!% &i!e/ at the %iscreti"!
"& the c",rtC
(%* I& the "&&e!%er is a c"rp"rati"!/ part!ership/ ass"ciati"! "r e!tit0/
the pe!alt0 shall be i+p"se% ,p"! the "&&icer "r "&&icers "& the
c"rp"rati"!/ part!ership/ ass"ciati"! "r e!tit0 resp"!sible &"r
3i"lati"!C a!% i& s,ch "&&icer is a! alie!/ he shall/ i! a%%iti"! t" the
pe!alties herei! prescribe%/ be %ep"rte% #ith",t &,rther pr"cee%i!-sC
(e* I! e3er0 case/ c"!3icti"! shall ca,se a!% carr0 the a,t"+atic
re3"cati"! "& the lice!se "r a,th"rit0 a!% all the per+its a!%
pri3ile-es -ra!te% t" s,ch pers"! "r e!tit0 ,!%er this Title/ a!% the
&"r&eit,re "& the cash a!% s,ret0 b"!%s i! &a3"r "& the O3erseas
E+pl"0+e!t De3el"p+e!t ="ar% "r the Nati"!al Sea+e! ="ar%/ as
the case +a0 be/ b"th "& #hich are a,th"ri2e% t" ,se the sa+e
e'cl,si3el0 t" pr"+"te their "b4ecti3es.

Title II
EMPLOYMENT O: NON-RESIDENT
ALIENS

ART. 58. (mployment permit of nonresident aliens. - A!0 alie!
seei!- a%+issi"! t" the Philippi!es &"r e+pl"0+e!t p,rp"ses a!%
a!0 %"+estic "r &"rei-! e+pl"0er #h" %esires t" e!-a-e a! alie! &"r
e+pl"0+e!t i! the Philippi!es shall "btai! a! e+pl"0+e!t per+it
&r"+ the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r.
The e+pl"0+e!t per+it +a0 be iss,e% t" a !"!-resi%e!t alie! "r t"
the applica!t e+pl"0er a&ter a %eter+i!ati"! "& the !"!-a3ailabilit0
"& a pers"! i! the Philippi!es #h" is c"+pete!t/ able a!% #illi!- at
the ti+e "& applicati"! t" per&"r+ the ser3ices &"r #hich the alie! is
%esire%.
:"r a! e!terprise re-istere% i! pre&erre% areas "& i!3est+e!ts/ sai%
e+pl"0+e!t per+it +a0 be iss,e% ,p"! rec"++e!%ati"! "& the
-"3er!+e!t a-e!c0 char-e% #ith the s,per3isi"! "& sai% re-istere%
e!terprise.
ART. 51. Prohibition against transfer of employment. - (a* A&ter the
iss,a!ce "& a! e+pl"0+e!t per+it/ the alie! shall !"t tra!s&er t"
a!"ther 4"b "r cha!-e his e+pl"0er #ith",t pri"r appr"3al "& the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
(b* A!0 !"!-resi%e!t alie! #h" shall tae ,p e+pl"0+e!t i! 3i"lati"!
"& the pr"3isi"! "& this Title a!% its i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s shall be p,!ishe% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the pr"3isi"!s "&
Articles $<9 a!% $98 "& the Lab"r C"%e.
I! a%%iti"!/ the alie! #"rer shall be s,b4ect t" %ep"rtati"! a&ter
ser3ice "& his se!te!ce.
ART. 5$. $ubmission of list. - A!0 e+pl"0er e+pl"0i!- !"!-resi%e!t
&"rei-! !ati"!als "! the e&&ecti3e %ate "& this C"%e shall s,b+it a list
"& s,ch !ati"!als t" the Secretar0 "& Lab"r #ithi! thirt0 (.8* %a0s
a&ter s,ch %ate i!%icati!- their !a+es/ citi2e!ship/ &"rei-! a!% l"cal
a%%resses/ !at,re "& e+pl"0+e!t a!% stat,s "& sta0 i! the c",!tr0.
The Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall the! %eter+i!e i& the0 are e!title% t" a!
e+pl"0+e!t per+it. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
BOOK TWO

FDMAN RESODRCES
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

Title I
NATIONAL MANPOEER
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

Chapter I
NATIONAL POLICIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE MACFINERY
:OR TFEIR IMPLEMENTATION

ART. 5.. $tatement of ob%ective. - It is the "b4ecti3e "& this Title t"
%e3el"p h,+a! res",rces/ establish trai!i!- i!stit,ti"!s/ a!%
&"r+,late s,ch pla!s a!% pr"-ra+s as #ill e!s,re e&&icie!t all"cati"!/
%e3el"p+e!t a!% ,tili2ati"! "& the !ati"!@s +a!p"#er a!% thereb0
pr"+"te e+pl"0+e!t a!% accelerate ec"!"+ic a!% s"cial -r"#th.
ART. 55. Definitions. - As ,se% i! this TitleB
(a* "+anpo!er" shall +ea! that p"rti"! "& the !ati"!@s p"p,lati"!
#hich has act,al "r p"te!tial capabilit0 t" c"!trib,te %irectl0 t" the
pr"%,cti"! "& -""%s a!% ser3ices.
(b* "(ntrepreneurship" shall +ea! trai!i!- &"r sel&-e+pl"0+e!t "r
assisti!- i!%i3i%,al "r s+all i!%,stries #ithi! the p,r3ie# "& this
Title. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. 56. National +anpo!er and 1outh Council2 Composition. - T"
carr0 ",t the "b4ecti3es "& this Title/ the Nati"!al Ma!p"#er a!%
Y",th C",!cil/ #hich is attache% t" the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r &"r
p"lic0 a!% pr"-ra+ c""r%i!ati"! a!% herei!a&ter re&erre% t" as the
C",!cil/ shall be c"+p"se% "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r as e,officio
chair+a!/ the Secretar0 "& E%,cati"! a!% C,lt,re as e,officio 3ice-
chair+a!/ a!% as e,officio +e+bers/ the Secretar0 "& Ec"!"+ic
Pla!!i!-/ the Secretar0 "& Nat,ral Res",rces/ the Chair+a! "& the
Ci3il Ser3ice C"++issi"!/ the Secretar0 "& S"cial Eel&are/ the
Secretar0 "& L"cal G"3er!+e!t/ the Secretar0 "& Scie!ce a!%
Tech!"l"-0/ the Secretar0 "& Tra%e a!% I!%,str0 a!% the Direct"r-
Ge!eral "& the C",!cil. The Direct"r Ge!eral shall ha3e !" 3"te.
I! a%%iti"!/ the Presi%e!t shall app"i!t the &"ll"#i!- +e+bers &r"+
the pri3ate sect"rB t#" ($* represe!tati3es "& !ati"!al "r-a!i2ati"!s "&
e+pl"0ersC t#" ($* represe!tati3es "& !ati"!al #"rers@
"r-a!i2ati"!sC a!% "!e represe!tati3e "& !ati"!al &a+il0 a!% 0",th
"r-a!i2ati"!s/ each &"r a ter+ "& three (.* 0ears.
ART. 5). National +anpo!er Plan. - The C",!cil shall &"r+,late a
l"!--ter+ !ati"!al +a!p"#er pla! &"r the "pti+,+ all"cati"!/
%e3el"p+e!t a!% ,tili2ati"! "& +a!p"#er &"r e+pl"0+e!t/
e!trepre!e,rship a!% ec"!"+ic a!% s"cial -r"#th. This +a!p"#er
pla! shall/ a&ter a%"pti"! b0 the C",!cil/ be ,p%ate% a!!,all0 a!%
s,b+itte% t" the Presi%e!t &"r his appr"3al. Therea&ter/ it shall be the
c"!tr"lli!- pla! &"r the %e3el"p+e!t "& +a!p"#er res",rces &"r the
e!tire c",!tr0 i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the !ati"!al %e3el"p+e!t pla!. The
C",!cil shall call ,p"! a!0 a-e!c0 "& the G"3er!+e!t "r the pri3ate
sect"r t" assist i! this e&&"rt. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. 57. National +anpo!er $"ills Center. - The C",!cil shall
establish a Nati"!al Ma!p"#er Sills Ce!ter a!% re-i"!al a!% l"cal
trai!i!- ce!ters &"r the p,rp"se "& pr"+"ti!- the %e3el"p+e!t "&
sills. The ce!ters shall be a%+i!istere% a!% "perate% ,!%er s,ch
r,les a!% re-,lati"!s as +a0 be establishe% b0 the C",!cil.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. 5<. (stablishment and formulation of s"ills standards. - There
shall be !ati"!al sills sta!%ar%s &"r i!%,str0 tra%es t" be establishe%
b0 the C",!cil i! c"!s,ltati"! #ith e+pl"0ers@ a!% #"rers@
"r-a!i2ati"!s a!% appr"priate -"3er!+e!t a,th"rities. The C",!cil
shall therea&ter a%+i!ister the !ati"!al sills sta!%ar%s.
ART. 59. Administration of training programs. - The C",!cil shall
pr"3i%e/ thr",-h the Secretariat/ i!str,ct"r trai!i!-/
e!trepre!e,rship %e3el"p+e!t/ trai!i!- i! 3"cati"!s/ tra%es a!%
"ther &iel%s "& e+pl"0+e!t/ a!% assist a!0 e+pl"0er "r "r-a!i2ati"!
i! trai!i!- sche+es %esi-!e% t" attai! its "b4ecti3es ,!%er r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s #hich the C",!cil shall establish &"r this p,rp"se.
The C",!cil shall e'ercise/ thr",-h the Secretariat/ a,th"rit0 a!%
4,ris%icti"! "3er/ a!% a%+i!ister/ "!--"i!- tech!ical assista!ce
pr"-ra+s a!%>"r -ra!ts-i!-ai% &"r +a!p"#er a!% 0",th %e3el"p+e!t
i!cl,%i!- th"se #hich +a0 be e!tere% i!t" bet#ee! the G"3er!+e!t
"& the Philippi!es a!% i!ter!ati"!al a!% &"rei-! "r-a!i2ati"!s a!%
!ati"!s/ as #ell as pers"!s a!% "r-a!i2ati"!s i! the Philippi!es.
I! "r%er t" i!te-rate the !ati"!al +a!p"#er %e3el"p+e!t e&&"rts/ all
+a!p"#er trai!i!- sche+es as pr"3i%e% &"r i! this C"%e shall be
c""r%i!ate% #ith the C",!cil/ partic,larl0 th"se ha3i!- t" %" #ith the
setti!- "& sills sta!%ar%s. :"r this p,rp"se/ e'isti!- +a!p"#er
trai!i!- pr"-ra+s i! the -"3er!+e!t a!% i! the pri3ate sect"r shall
be rep"rte% t" the C",!cil #hich +a0 re-,late s,ch pr"-ra+s t"
+ae the+ c"!&"r+ #ith !ati"!al %e3el"p+e!t pr"-ra+s.
This Article shall !"t i!cl,%e appre!tices/ lear!ers a!% ha!%icappe%
#"rers as -"3er!e% b0 appr"priate pr"3isi"!s "& this C"%e.
ART. 68. #ndustry boards. - The C",!cil shall establish i!%,str0
b"ar%s t" assist i! the establish+e!t "& +a!p"#er %e3el"p+e!t
sche+es/ tra%es a!% sills sta!%ar%s a!% s,ch "ther &,!cti"!s as #ill
pr"3i%e %irect participati"! "& e+pl"0ers a!% #"rers i! the
&,l&ill+e!t "& the C",!cil@s "b4ecti3es/ i! acc"r%a!ce #ith -,i%eli!es
t" be establishe% b0 the C",!cil a!% i! c"!s,ltati"! #ith the Nati"!al
Ec"!"+ic a!% De3el"p+e!t A,th"rit0.
The +ai!te!a!ce a!% "perati"!s "& the i!%,str0 b"ar%s shall be
&i!a!ce% thr",-h a &,!%i!- sche+e ,!%er s,ch rates "& &ees a!%
+a!!ers "& c"llecti"! a!% %isb,rse+e!ts as +a0 be %eter+i!e% b0
the C",!cil.
ART. 61. (mployment service training functions. - The C",!cil shall
,tili2e the e+pl"0+e!t ser3ice "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r &"r the
place+e!t "& its -ra%,ates. The =,rea, "& E+pl"0+e!t Ser3ices shall
re!%er assista!ce t" the C",!cil i! the +eas,re+e!t "&
,!e+pl"0+e!t a!% ,!%ere+pl"0+e!t/ c"!%,ct "& l"cal +a!p"#er
res",rce s,r3e0s a!% "cc,pati"!al st,%ies i!cl,%i!- a! i!3e!t"r0 "&
the lab"r &"rce/ establish+e!t a!% +ai!te!a!ce #ith",t char-e "& a
!ati"!al re-ister "& tech!icia!s #h" ha3e s,ccess&,ll0 c"+plete% a
trai!i!- pr"-ra+ ,!%er this Act/ a!% sille% +a!p"#er i!cl,%i!- its
p,blicati"!/ +ai!te!a!ce "& a! a%e1,ate a!% ,p-t"-%ate s0ste+ "&
e+pl"0+e!t i!&"r+ati"!. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. 6$. #ncentive $cheme. - A! a%%iti"!al %e%,cti"! &r"+ ta'able
i!c"+e "& "!e-hal& (1>$* "& the 3al,e "& lab"r trai!i!- e'pe!ses
i!c,rre% &"r %e3el"p+e!t pr"-ra+s shall be -ra!te% t" the pers"! "r
e!terprise c"!cer!e% pr"3i%e% that s,ch %e3el"p+e!t pr"-ra+s/
"ther tha! appre!ticeship/ are appr"3e% b0 the C",!cil a!% the
%e%,cti"! %"es !"t e'cee% te! perce!t (18?* "& the %irect lab"r #a-e.
There shall be a re3ie# "& the sai% sche+e t#" 0ears a&ter its
i+ple+e!tati"!.
ART. 6.. Council $ecretariat. - The C",!cil shall ha3e a Secretariat
hea%e% b0 a Direct"r-Ge!eral #h" shall be assiste% b0 a Dep,t0
Direct"r-Ge!eral/ b"th "& #h"+ shall be career a%+i!istrat"rs
app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t "& the Philippi!es "! rec"++e!%ati"! "&
the Secretar0 "& Lab"r. The Secretariat shall be ,!%er the
a%+i!istrati3e s,per3isi"! "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% shall ha3e
a! O&&ice "& Ma!p"#er Pla!!i!- a!% De3el"p+e!t/ a! O&&ice "&
V"cati"!al Preparati"!/ a Nati"!al Ma!p"#er Sills Ce!ter/ re-i"!al
+a!p"#er %e3el"p+e!t "&&ices a!% s,ch "ther "&&ices as +a0 be
!ecessar0.
The Direct"r-Ge!eral shall ha3e the ra! a!% e+"l,+e!ts "& a!
,!%ersecretar0 a!% shall ser3e &"r a ter+ "& te! (18* 0ears. The
E'ec,ti3e-Direct"rs "& the O&&ice "& Ma!p"#er Pla!!i!- a!%
De3el"p+e!t/ the O&&ice "& V"cati"!al Preparati"! a!% the Nati"!al
Ma!p"#er Sills Ce!ter shall ha3e the ra! a!% e+"l,+e!ts "& a
b,rea, %irect"r a!% shall be s,b4ect t" Ci3il Ser3ice La#/ r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s. The Direct"r-Ge!eral/ Dep,t0 Direct"r-Ge!eral a!%
E'ec,ti3e Direct"rs shall be !at,ral-b"r! citi2e!s/ bet#ee! thirt0 a!%
&i&t0 0ears "& a-e at the ti+e "& app"i!t+e!t/ #ith a +aster@s %e-ree
"r its e1,i3ale!t/ a!% e'perie!ce i! !ati"!al pla!!i!- a!%
%e3el"p+e!t "& h,+a! res",rces. The E'ec,ti3e Direct"r "& the
Nati"!al Ma!p"#er Sills Ce!ter shall/ i! a%%iti"! t" the &"re-"i!-
1,ali&icati"!s/ ha3e ,!%er-"!e trai!i!- i! ce!ter +a!a-e+e!t.
E'ec,ti3e Direct"rs shall be app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t "! the
rec"++e!%ati"!s "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t.
The Direct"r-Ge!eral shall app"i!t s,ch pers"!!el !ecessar0 t" carr0
",t the "b4ecti3es/ p"licies a!% &,!cti"!s "& the C",!cil s,b4ect t"
Ci3il Ser3ice r,les. The re-,lar pr"&essi"!al a!% tech!ical pers"!!el
shall be e'e+pt &r"+ EAPCO r,les a!% re-,lati"!s.
The Secretariat shall ha3e the &"ll"#i!- &,!cti"!s a!%
resp"!sibilitiesB
(a* T" prepare a!% rec"++e!% the +a!p"#er pla! &"r appr"3al b0
the C",!cilC
(b* T" rec"++e!% all"cati"! "& res",rces &"r the i+ple+e!tati"! "&
the +a!p"#er pla! as appr"3e% b0 the C",!cilC
(c* T" carr0 ",t the +a!p"#er pla! as the i+ple+e!ti!- ar+ "& the
C",!cilC
(%* T" e&&ect the e&&icie!t per&"r+a!ce "& the &,!cti"!s "& the C",!cil
a!% the achie3e+e!t "& the "b4ecti3es "& this TitleC
(e* T" %eter+i!e speci&ic all"cati"! "& res",rces &"r the pr"4ects t" be
,!%ertae! p,rs,a!t t" appr"3e% +a!p"#er pla!sC
(&* T" s,b+it t" the C",!cil peri"%ic rep"rts "! pr"-ress a!%
acc"+plish+e!t "& #"r pr"-ra+sC cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(-* T" prepare &"r appr"3al b0 the C",!cil a! a!!,al rep"rt t" the
Presi%e!t "! pla!s/ pr"-ra+s a!% pr"4ects "! +a!p"#er a!% ",t-"&-
sch""l 0",th %e3el"p+e!tC
(h* T" e!ter i!t" a-ree+e!ts t" i+ple+e!t appr"3e% pla!s a!%
pr"-ra+s a!% per&"r+ a!0 a!% all s,ch acts as #ill &,l&ill the
"b4ecti3es "& this C"%e as #ell as e!s,re the e&&icie!t per&"r+a!ce "&
the &,!cti"!s "& the C",!cilC a!%
(i* T" per&"r+ s,ch "ther &,!cti"!s as +a0 be a,th"ri2e% b0 the
C",!cil.
ART. 65. Regional manpo!er development offices. - The C",!cil
shall create re-i"!al +a!p"#er %e3el"p+e!t "&&ices #hich shall
%eter+i!e the +a!p"#er !ee%s "& the i!%,str0/ a-ric,lt,re a!% "ther
sect"rs "& the ec"!"+0 #ithi! their respecti3e 4,ris%icti"!sC pr"3i%e
the C",!cil@s ce!tral pla!!ers #ith the %ata &"r ,p%ati!- the !ati"!al
+a!p"#er pla!C rec"++e!% pr"-ra+s &"r the re-i"!al le3el a-e!cies
e!-a-e% i! +a!p"#er a!% 0",th %e3el"p+e!t #ithi! the p"licies
&"r+,late% b0 the C",!cilC a!% a%+i!ister a!% s,per3ise Secretariat
trai!i!- pr"-ra+s #ithi! the re-i"! a!% per&"r+ s,ch "ther
&,!cti"!s as +a0 be a,th"ri2e% b0 the C",!cil.
ART. 66. Consultants and technical assistance3 publication and
research. - I! p,rs,i!- its "b4ecti3es/ the C",!cil is a,th"ri2e% t" set
asi%e a p"rti"! "& its appr"priati"! &"r the hiri!- "& the ser3ices "&
1,ali&ie% c"!s,lta!ts/ a!%>"r pri3ate "r-a!i2ati"!s &"r research #"r
a!% p,blicati"!. It shall a3ail itsel& "& the ser3ices "& the G"3er!+e!t
as +a0 be re1,ire%.
ART. 6). Rules and regulations. - The C",!cil shall %e&i!e its br"a%
&,!cti"!s a!% iss,e appr"priate r,les a!% re-,lati"!s !ecessar0 t"
i+ple+e!t the pr"3isi"! "& this C"%e.

Title II
TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT
O: SPECIAL EORAERS

Chapter I
APPRENTICES
ART. 67. $tatement of ob%ectives. - This Title ai+sB
(1* T" help +eet the %e+a!% "& the ec"!"+0 &"r trai!e% +a!p"#erC
($* T" establish a !ati"!al appre!ticeship pr"-ra+ thr",-h the
participati"! "& e+pl"0ers/ #"rers a!% -"3er!+e!t a!% !"!-
-"3er!+e!t a-e!ciesC a!%
(.* T" establish appre!ticeship sta!%ar%s &"r the pr"tecti"! "&
appre!tices.
ART. 6<. Definition of Terms. - As ,se% i! this TitleB
(a* "Apprenticeship" +ea!s practical trai!i!- "! the 4"b
s,pple+e!te% b0 relate% the"retical i!str,cti"!.
(b* A! "apprentice" is a #"rer #h" is c"3ere% b0 a #ritte!
appre!ticeship a-ree+e!t #ith a! i!%i3i%,al e+pl"0er "r a!0 "& the
e!tities rec"-!i2e% ,!%er this Chapter.
(c* A! "apprenticeable occupation" +ea!s a!0 tra%e/ &"r+ "&
e+pl"0+e!t "r "cc,pati"! #hich re1,ires +"re tha! three (.*
+"!ths "& practical trai!i!- "! the 4"b s,pple+e!te% b0 relate%
the"retical i!str,cti"!.
(%* "Apprenticeship agreement" is a! e+pl"0+e!t c"!tract #herei!
the e+pl"0er bi!%s hi+sel& t" trai! the appre!tice a!% the appre!tice
i! t,r! accepts the ter+s "& trai!i!-.
ART. 69. 4ualifications of apprentice. - T" 1,ali&0 as a! appre!tice/ a
pers"! shallB
(a* =e at least &",rtee! (15* 0ears "& a-eC
(b* P"ssess 3"cati"!al aptit,%e a!% capacit0 &"r appr"priate testsC
a!%
(c* P"ssess the abilit0 t" c"+prehe!% a!% &"ll"# "ral a!% #ritte!
i!str,cti"!s.
Tra%e a!% i!%,str0 ass"ciati"!s +a0 rec"++e!% t" the Secretar0 "&
Lab"r appr"priate e%,cati"!al re1,ire+e!ts &"r %i&&ere!t
"cc,pati"!s.
ART. )8. (mployment of apprentices. - O!l0 e+pl"0ers i! the hi-hl0
tech!ical i!%,stries +a0 e+pl"0 appre!tices a!% "!l0 i!
appre!ticeable "cc,pati"!s appr"3e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1/ E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 111/ Dece+ber $5/ 19<)*.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. )1. Contents of apprenticeship agreements. - Appre!ticeship
a-ree+e!ts/ i!cl,%i!- the #a-e rates "& appre!tices/ shall c"!&"r+ t"
the r,les iss,e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t. The
peri"% "& appre!ticeship shall !"t e'cee% si' +"!ths. Appre!ticeship
a-ree+e!ts pr"3i%i!- &"r #a-e rates bel"# the le-al +i!i+,+ #a-e/
#hich i! !" case shall start bel"# 76 perce!t "& the applicable
+i!i+,+ #a-e/ +a0 be e!tere% i!t" "!l0 i! acc"r%a!ce #ith
appre!ticeship pr"-ra+s %,l0 appr"3e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r
a!% E+pl"0+e!t. The Depart+e!t shall %e3el"p sta!%ar% +"%el
pr"-ra+s "& appre!ticeship. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1/ E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 111/
Dece+ber $5/ 19<)*.
ART. )$. $igning of apprenticeship agreement. -E3er0
appre!ticeship a-ree+e!t shall be si-!e% b0 the e+pl"0er "r his
a-e!t/ "r b0 a! a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3e "& a!0 "& the rec"-!i2e%
"r-a!i2ati"!s/ ass"ciati"!s "r -r",ps a!% b0 the appre!tice.
A! appre!ticeship a-ree+e!t #ith a +i!"r shall be si-!e% i! his
behal& b0 his pare!t "r -,ar%ia!/ i& the latter is !"t a3ailable/ b0 a!
a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3e "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r/ a!% the sa+e
shall be bi!%i!- %,ri!- its li&eti+e.
E3er0 appre!ticeship a-ree+e!t e!tere% i!t" ,!%er this Title shall be
rati&ie% b0 the appr"priate appre!ticeship c"++ittees/ i& a!0/ a!% a
c"p0 there"& shall be &,r!ishe% b"th the e+pl"0er a!% the appre!tice.
ART. ).. 0enue of apprenticeship programs. - A!0 &ir+/ e+pl"0er/
-r",p "r ass"ciati"!/ i!%,str0 "r-a!i2ati"! "r ci3ic -r",p #ishi!- t"
"r-a!i2e a! appre!ticeship pr"-ra+ +a0 ch""se &r"+ a!0 "& the
&"ll"#i!- appre!ticeship sche+es as the trai!i!- 3e!,e &"r
appre!ticeB cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(a* Appre!ticeship c"!%,cte% e!tirel0 b0 a!% #ithi! the sp"!s"ri!-
&ir+/ establish+e!t "r e!tit0C
(b* Appre!ticeship e!tirel0 #ithi! a Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t trai!i!- ce!ter "r "ther p,blic trai!i!- i!stit,ti"!C "r
(c* I!itial trai!i!- i! tra%e &,!%a+e!tals i! a trai!i!- ce!ter "r "ther
i!stit,ti"! #ith s,bse1,e!t act,al #"r participati"! #ithi! the
sp"!s"ri!- &ir+ "r e!tit0 %,ri!- the &i!al sta-e "& trai!i!-.
ART. )5. $ponsoring of apprenticeship program. - A!0 "& the
appre!ticeship sche+es rec"-!i2e% herei! +a0 be ,!%ertae! "r
sp"!s"re% b0 a si!-le e+pl"0er "r &ir+ "r b0 a -r",p "r ass"ciati"!
there"& "r b0 a ci3ic "r-a!i2ati"!. Act,al trai!i!- "& appre!tices +a0
be ,!%ertae!B
(a* I! the pre+ises "& the sp"!s"ri!- e+pl"0er i! the case "&
i!%i3i%,al appre!ticeship pr"-ra+sC
(b* I! the pre+ises "& "!e "r se3eral %esi-!ate% &ir+s i! the case "&
pr"-ra+s sp"!s"re% b0 a -r",p "r ass"ciati"! "& e+pl"0ers "r b0 a
ci3ic "r-a!i2ati"!C "r
(c* I! a Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t trai!i!- ce!ter "r
"ther p,blic trai!i!- i!stit,ti"!.
ART. )6. #nvestigation of violation of apprenticeship agreement. -
Dp"! c"+plai!t "& a!0 i!tereste% pers"! "r ,p"! its "#! i!itiati3e/
the appr"priate a-e!c0 "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t
"r its a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3e shall i!3esti-ate a!0 3i"lati"! "& a!
appre!ticeship a-ree+e!t p,rs,a!t t" s,ch r,les a!% re-,lati"!s as
+a0 be prescribe% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t.
ART. )). Appeal to the $ecretary of Labor and (mployment. - The
%ecisi"! "& the a,th"ri2e% a-e!c0 "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t +a0 be appeale% b0 a!0 a--rie3e% pers"! t" the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t #ithi! &i3e (6* %a0s &r"+ receipt
"& the %ecisi"!. The %ecisi"! "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t shall be &i!al a!% e'ec,t"r0.
ART. )7. (,haustion of administrative remedies. - N" pers"! shall
i!stit,te a!0 acti"! &"r the e!&"rce+e!t "& a!0 appre!ticeship
a-ree+e!t "r %a+a-es &"r breach "& a!0 s,ch a-ree+e!t/ ,!less he
has e'ha,ste% all a3ailable a%+i!istrati3e re+e%ies.
ART. )<. Aptitude testing of applicants. - C"!s"!a!t #ith the
+i!i+,+ 1,ali&icati"!s "& appre!tice-applica!ts re1,ire% ,!%er this
Chapter/ e+pl"0ers "r e!tities #ith %,l0 rec"-!i2e% appre!ticeship
pr"-ra+s shall ha3e pri+ar0 resp"!sibilit0 &"r pr"3i%i!- appr"priate
aptit,%e tests i! the selecti"! "& appre!tices. I& the0 %" !"t ha3e
a%e1,ate &acilities &"r the p,rp"se/ the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t shall per&"r+ the ser3ice &ree "& char-e.
ART. )9. Responsibility for theoretical instruction. - S,pple+e!tar0
the"retical i!str,cti"! t" appre!tices i! cases #here the pr"-ra+ is
,!%ertae! i! the pla!t +a0 be %"!e b0 the e+pl"0er. I& the latter is
!"t prepare% t" ass,+e the resp"!sibilit0/ the sa+e +a0 be %ele-ate%
t" a! appr"priate -"3er!+e!t a-e!c0. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. 78. 0oluntary organi-ation of apprenticeship programs2
e,emptions. - (a* The "r-a!i2ati"! "& appre!ticeship pr"-ra+ shall
be pri+aril0 a 3"l,!tar0 ,!%ertai!- b0 e+pl"0ersC
(b* Ehe! !ati"!al sec,rit0 "r partic,lar re1,ire+e!ts "& ec"!"+ic
%e3el"p+e!t s" %e+a!%/ the Presi%e!t "& the Philippi!es +a0 re1,ire
c"+p,ls"r0 trai!i!- "& appre!tices i! certai! tra%es/ "cc,pati"!s/
4"bs "r e+pl"0+e!t le3els #here sh"rta-e "& trai!e% +a!p"#er is
%ee+e% critical as %eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t. Appr"priate r,les i! this c"!!ecti"! shall be
pr"+,l-ate% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t as the !ee%
arisesC a!%
(c* Ehere ser3ices "& &"rei-! tech!icia!s are ,tili2e% b0 pri3ate
c"+pa!ies i! appre!ticeable tra%es/ sai% c"+pa!ies are re1,ire% t"
set ,p appr"priate appre!ticeship pr"-ra+s.
ART. 71. Deductibility of training costs. - A! a%%iti"!al %e%,cti"!
&r"+ ta'able i!c"+e "& "!e-hal& (1>$* "& the 3al,e "& lab"r trai!i!-
e'pe!ses i!c,rre% &"r %e3el"pi!- the pr"%,cti3it0 a!% e&&icie!c0 "&
appre!tices shall be -ra!te% t" the pers"! "r e!terprise "r-a!i2i!- a!
appre!ticeship pr"-ra+B Pr"3i%e%/ That s,ch pr"-ra+ is %,l0
rec"-!i2e% b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!tB Pr"3i%e%/
&,rther/ That s,ch %e%,cti"! shall !"t e'cee% te! (18?* perce!t "&
%irect lab"r #a-eB a!% Pr"3i%e%/ &i!all0/ That the pers"! "r e!terprise
#h" #ishes t" a3ail hi+sel& "r itsel& "& this i!ce!ti3e sh",l% pa0 his
appre!tices the +i!i+,+ #a-e. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. 7$. Apprentices !ithout compensation. - The Secretar0 "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0 a,th"ri2e the hiri!- "& appre!tices
#ith",t c"+pe!sati"! #h"se trai!i!- "! the 4"b is re1,ire% b0 the
sch""l "r trai!i!- pr"-ra+ c,rric,l,+ "r as re1,isite &"r -ra%,ati"!
"r b"ar% e'a+i!ati"!.
Chapter II
LEARNERS
ART. 7.. Learners defined. - Lear!ers are pers"!s hire% as trai!ees i!
se+i-sille% a!% "ther i!%,strial "cc,pati"!s #hich are !"!-
appre!ticeable a!% #hich +a0 be lear!e% thr",-h practical trai!i!-
"! the 4"b i! a relati3el0 sh"rt peri"% "& ti+e #hich shall !"t e'cee%
three (.* +"!ths.
ART. 75. &hen learners may be hired. - Lear!ers +a0 be e+pl"0e%
#he! !" e'perie!ce% #"rers are a3ailable/ the e+pl"0+e!t "&
lear!ers is !ecessar0 t" pre3e!t c,rtail+e!t "& e+pl"0+e!t
"pp"rt,!ities/ a!% the e+pl"0+e!t %"es !"t create ,!&air
c"+petiti"! i! ter+s "& lab"r c"sts "r i+pair "r l"#er #"ri!-
sta!%ar%s.
ART. 76. Learnership agreement. - A!0 e+pl"0er %esiri!- t" e+pl"0
lear!ers shall e!ter i!t" a lear!ership a-ree+e!t #ith the+/ #hich
a-ree+e!t shall i!cl,%eB
(a* The !a+es a!% a%%resses "& the lear!ersC
(b* The %,rati"! "& the lear!ership peri"%/ #hich shall !"t e'cee%
three (.* +"!thsC
(c* The #a-es "r salar0 rates "& the lear!ers #hich shall be-i! at !"t
less tha! se3e!t0-&i3e perce!t (76?* "& the applicable +i!i+,+
#a-eC a!% cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(%* A c"++it+e!t t" e+pl"0 the lear!ers i& the0 s" %esire/ as re-,lar
e+pl"0ees ,p"! c"+pleti"! "& the lear!ership. All lear!ers #h" ha3e
bee! all"#e% "r s,&&ere% t" #"r %,ri!- the &irst t#" ($* +"!ths shall
be %ee+e% re-,lar e+pl"0ees i& trai!i!- is ter+i!ate% b0 the
e+pl"0er be&"re the e!% "& the stip,late% peri"% thr",-h !" &a,lt "&
the lear!ers.
The lear!ership a-ree+e!t shall be s,b4ect t" i!specti"! b0 the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e%
represe!tati3e.
ART. 7). Learners in piece!or". - Lear!ers e+pl"0e% i! piece "r
i!ce!ti3e-rate 4"bs %,ri!- the trai!i!- peri"% shall be pai% i! &,ll &"r
the #"r %"!e.
ART. 77. Penalty clause. - A!0 3i"lati"! "& this Chapter "r its
i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!% re-,lati"!s shall be s,b4ect t" the -e!eral
pe!alt0 cla,se pr"3i%e% &"r i! this C"%e.

Chapter III
FANDICAPPED EORAERS
ART. 7<. Definition. - Fa!%icappe% #"rers are th"se #h"se ear!i!-
capacit0 is i+paire% b0 a-e "r ph0sical "r +e!tal %e&icie!c0 "r i!4,r0.
ART. 79. &hen employable. - Fa!%icappe% #"rers +a0 be
e+pl"0e% #he! their e+pl"0+e!t is !ecessar0 t" pre3e!t c,rtail+e!t
"& e+pl"0+e!t "pp"rt,!ities a!% #he! it %"es !"t create ,!&air
c"+petiti"! i! lab"r c"sts "r i+pair "r l"#er #"ri!- sta!%ar%s.
ART. <8. (mployment agreement. - A!0 e+pl"0er #h" e+pl"0s
ha!%icappe% #"rers shall e!ter i!t" a! e+pl"0+e!t a-ree+e!t #ith
the+/ #hich a-ree+e!t shall i!cl,%eB
a. The !a+es a!% a%%resses "& the ha!%icappe% #"rers t" be
e+pl"0e%C
b. The rate t" be pai% the ha!%icappe% #"rers #hich shall !"t
be less tha! se3e!t0 &i3e (76?* perce!t "& the applicable le-al
+i!i+,+ #a-eC
c. The %,rati"! "& e+pl"0+e!t peri"%C a!%
%. The #"r t" be per&"r+e% b0 ha!%icappe% #"rers.

The e+pl"0+e!t a-ree+e!t shall be s,b4ect t" i!specti"! b0 the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3e.
ART. 81. Eligibility for apprenticeship. - Sub!"# #$ #%! &''($'()&#!
'($*)+)$,+ $- #%)+ C$.!, %&,.)"&''!. /$(0!(+ 1&2 b! %)(!. &+ &''(!,#)"!+
$( 3!&(,!(+ )- #%!)( %&,.)"&' )+ ,$# +u"% &+ #$ !--!"#)*!32 )1'!.! #%!
'!(-$(1&,"! $- $b $'!(&#)$,+ ), #%! '&(#)"u3&( $""u'&#)$,+ -$( /%)"% #%!2
&(! %)(!..
=OOA TFREE

CONDITIONS O: EMPLOYMENT

Title I
EORAING CONDITIONS
AND REST PERIODS

Chapter I
FODRS O: EORA

ART. <$. Coverage. - The pr"3isi"!s "& this Title shall appl0 t"
e+pl"0ees i! all establish+e!ts a!% ,!%ertai!-s #hether &"r pr"&it
"r !"t/ b,t !"t t" -"3er!+e!t e+pl"0ees/ +a!a-erial e+pl"0ees/
&iel% pers"!!el/ +e+bers "& the &a+il0 "& the e+pl"0er #h" are
%epe!%e!t "! hi+ &"r s,pp"rt/ %"+estic helpers/ pers"!s i! the
pers"!al ser3ice "& a!"ther/ a!% #"rers #h" are pai% b0 res,lts as
%eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r i! appr"priate re-,lati"!s.
As ,se% herei!/ "managerial employees" re&er t" th"se #h"se
pri+ar0 %,t0 c"!sists "& the +a!a-e+e!t "& the establish+e!t i!
#hich the0 are e+pl"0e% "r "& a %epart+e!t "r s,b%i3isi"! there"&/
a!% t" "ther "&&icers "r +e+bers "& the +a!a-erial sta&&.
"*ield personnel" shall re&er t" !"!-a-ric,lt,ral e+pl"0ees #h"
re-,larl0 per&"r+ their %,ties a#a0 &r"+ the pri!cipal place "&
b,si!ess "r bra!ch "&&ice "& the e+pl"0er a!% #h"se act,al h",rs "&
#"r i! the &iel% ca!!"t be %eter+i!e% #ith reas"!able certai!t0.
ART. <.. Normal hours of !or". - The !"r+al h",rs "& #"r "& a!0
e+pl"0ee shall !"t e'cee% ei-ht (<* h",rs a %a0.
Fealth pers"!!el i! cities a!% +,!icipalities #ith a p"p,lati"! "& at
least "!e +illi"! (1/888/888* "r i! h"spitals a!% cli!ics #ith a be%
capacit0 "& at least "!e h,!%re% (188* shall h"l% re-,lar "&&ice h",rs
&"r ei-ht (<* h",rs a %a0/ &"r &i3e (6* %a0s a #ee/ e'cl,si3e "& ti+e &"r
+eals/ e'cept #here the e'i-e!cies "& the ser3ice re1,ire that s,ch
pers"!!el #"r &"r si' ()* %a0s "r &"rt0-ei-ht (5<* h",rs/ i! #hich
case/ the0 shall be e!title% t" a! a%%iti"!al c"+pe!sati"! "& at least
thirt0 perce!t (.8?* "& their re-,lar #a-e &"r #"r "! the si'th %a0.
:"r p,rp"ses "& this Article/ "health personnel" shall i!cl,%e resi%e!t
ph0sicia!s/ !,rses/ !,triti"!ists/ %ietitia!s/ phar+acists/ s"cial
#"rers/ lab"rat"r0 tech!icia!s/ para+e%ical tech!icia!s/
ps0ch"l"-ists/ +i%#i3es/ atte!%a!ts a!% all "ther h"spital "r cli!ic
pers"!!el. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. <5. 5ours !or"ed. - F",rs #"re% shall i!cl,%e (a* all ti+e
%,ri!- #hich a! e+pl"0ee is re1,ire% t" be "! %,t0 "r t" be at a
prescribe% #"rplaceC a!% (b* all ti+e %,ri!- #hich a! e+pl"0ee is
s,&&ere% "r per+itte% t" #"r.
Rest peri"%s "& sh"rt %,rati"! %,ri!- #"ri!- h",rs shall be c",!te%
as h",rs #"re%.
ART. <6. +eal periods. - S,b4ect t" s,ch re-,lati"!s as the Secretar0
"& Lab"r +a0 prescribe/ it shall be the %,t0 "& e3er0 e+pl"0er t" -i3e
his e+pl"0ees !"t less tha! si't0 ()8* +i!,tes ti+e-"&& &"r their
re-,lar +eals.
ART. <). Night shift differential. - E3er0 e+pl"0ee shall be pai% a
!i-ht shi&t %i&&ere!tial "& !"t less tha! te! perce!t (18?* "& his
re-,lar #a-e &"r each h",r "& #"r per&"r+e% bet#ee! te! "@cl"c i!
the e3e!i!- a!% si' "@cl"c i! the +"r!i!-.
ART. <7. 'vertime !or". - E"r +a0 be per&"r+e% be0"!% ei-ht (<*
h",rs a %a0 pr"3i%e% that the e+pl"0ee is pai% &"r the "3erti+e #"r/
a! a%%iti"!al c"+pe!sati"! e1,i3ale!t t" his re-,lar #a-e pl,s at
least t#e!t0-&i3e perce!t ($6?* there"&. E"r per&"r+e% be0"!%
ei-ht h",rs "! a h"li%a0 "r rest %a0 shall be pai% a! a%%iti"!al
c"+pe!sati"! e1,i3ale!t t" the rate "& the &irst ei-ht h",rs "! a
h"li%a0 "r rest %a0 pl,s at least thirt0 perce!t (.8?* there"&.
ART. <<. 6ndertime not offset by overtime. - D!%erti+e #"r "! a!0
partic,lar %a0 shall !"t be "&&set b0 "3erti+e #"r "! a!0 "ther %a0.
Per+issi"! -i3e! t" the e+pl"0ee t" -" "! lea3e "! s"+e "ther %a0 "&
the #ee shall !"t e'e+pt the e+pl"0er &r"+ pa0i!- the a%%iti"!al
c"+pe!sati"! re1,ire% i! this Chapter.
ART. <9. (mergency overtime !or". - A!0 e+pl"0ee +a0 be
re1,ire% b0 the e+pl"0er t" per&"r+ "3erti+e #"r i! a!0 "& the
&"ll"#i!- casesBcha! r"bles 3irt,al la# librar0
(a* Ehe! the c",!tr0 is at #ar "r #he! a!0 "ther !ati"!al "r l"cal
e+er-e!c0 has bee! %eclare% b0 the Nati"!al Asse+bl0 "r the Chie&
E'ec,ti3eC
(b* Ehe! it is !ecessar0 t" pre3e!t l"ss "& li&e "r pr"pert0 "r i! case "&
i++i!e!t %a!-er t" p,blic sa&et0 %,e t" a! act,al "r i+pe!%i!-
e+er-e!c0 i! the l"calit0 ca,se% b0 seri",s acci%e!ts/ &ire/ &l""%/
t0ph""!/ earth1,ae/ epi%e+ic/ "r "ther %isaster "r cala+it0C
(c* Ehe! there is ,r-e!t #"r t" be per&"r+e% "! +achi!es/
i!stallati"!s/ "r e1,ip+e!t/ i! "r%er t" a3"i% seri",s l"ss "r %a+a-e
t" the e+pl"0er "r s"+e "ther ca,se "& si+ilar !at,reC
(%* Ehe! the #"r is !ecessar0 t" pre3e!t l"ss "r %a+a-e t"
perishable -""%sC a!%
(e* Ehere the c"+pleti"! "r c"!ti!,ati"! "& the #"r starte% be&"re
the ei-hth h",r is !ecessar0 t" pre3e!t seri",s "bstr,cti"! "r
pre4,%ice t" the b,si!ess "r "perati"!s "& the e+pl"0er.
A!0 e+pl"0ee re1,ire% t" re!%er "3erti+e #"r ,!%er this Article
shall be pai% the a%%iti"!al c"+pe!sati"! re1,ire% i! this Chapter.
ART. 98. Computation of additional compensation. - :"r p,rp"ses "&
c"+p,ti!- "3erti+e a!% "ther a%%iti"!al re+,!erati"! as re1,ire%
b0 this Chapter/ the "regular !age" "& a! e+pl"0ee shall i!cl,%e the
cash #a-e "!l0/ #ith",t %e%,cti"! "! acc",!t "& &acilities pr"3i%e%
b0 the e+pl"0er.

Chapter II
EEEALY REST PERIODS
ART. 91. Right to !ee"ly rest day. - (a* It shall be the %,t0 "& e3er0
e+pl"0er/ #hether "perati!- &"r pr"&it "r !"t/ t" pr"3i%e each "& his
e+pl"0ees a rest peri"% "& !"t less tha! t#e!t0-&",r ($5* c"!sec,ti3e
h",rs a&ter e3er0 si' ()* c"!sec,ti3e !"r+al #"r %a0s.
(b* The e+pl"0er shall %eter+i!e a!% sche%,le the #eel0 rest %a0 "&
his e+pl"0ees s,b4ect t" c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t a!% t" s,ch
r,les a!% re-,lati"!s as the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0
pr"3i%e. F"#e3er/ the e+pl"0er shall respect the pre&ere!ce "&
e+pl"0ees as t" their #eel0 rest %a0 #he! s,ch pre&ere!ce is base%
"! reli-i",s -r",!%s.
ART. 9$. &hen employer may [Link] !or" on a rest day. - The
e+pl"0er +a0 re1,ire his e+pl"0ees t" #"r "! a!0 %a0B
(a* I! case "& act,al "r i+pe!%i!- e+er-e!cies ca,se% b0 seri",s
acci%e!t/ &ire/ &l""%/ t0ph""!/ earth1,ae/ epi%e+ic "r "ther %isaster
"r cala+it0 t" pre3e!t l"ss "& li&e a!% pr"pert0/ "r i++i!e!t %a!-er
t" p,blic sa&et0C
(b* I! cases "& ,r-e!t #"r t" be per&"r+e% "! the +achi!er0/
e1,ip+e!t/ "r i!stallati"!/ t" a3"i% seri",s l"ss #hich the e+pl"0er
#",l% "ther#ise s,&&erC
(c* I! the e3e!t "& ab!"r+al press,re "& #"r %,e t" special
circ,+sta!ces/ #here the e+pl"0er ca!!"t "r%i!aril0 be e'pecte% t"
res"rt t" "ther +eas,resC
(%* T" pre3e!t l"ss "r %a+a-e t" perishable -""%sC
(e* Ehere the !at,re "& the #"r re1,ires c"!ti!,",s "perati"!s a!%
the st"ppa-e "& #"r +a0 res,lt i! irreparable i!4,r0 "r l"ss t" the
e+pl"0erC a!%
(&* D!%er "ther circ,+sta!ces a!al"-",s "r si+ilar t" the &"re-"i!-
as %eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t.
ART. 9.. Compensation for rest day3 $unday or holiday !or". - (a*
Ehere a! e+pl"0ee is +a%e "r per+itte% t" #"r "! his sche%,le%
rest %a0/ he shall be pai% a! a%%iti"!al c"+pe!sati"! "& at least thirt0
perce!t (.8?* "& his re-,lar #a-e. A! e+pl"0ee shall be e!title% t"
s,ch a%%iti"!al c"+pe!sati"! &"r #"r per&"r+e% "! S,!%a0 "!l0
#he! it is his establishe% rest %[Link]! r"bles 3irt,al la# librar0
(b* Ehe! the !at,re "& the #"r "& the e+pl"0ee is s,ch that he has
!" re-,lar #"r%a0s a!% !" re-,lar rest %a0s ca! be sche%,le%/ he
shall be pai% a! a%%iti"!al c"+pe!sati"! "& at least thirt0 perce!t
(.8?* "& his re-,lar #a-e &"r #"r per&"r+e% "! S,!%a0s a!%
h"li%a0s.
(c* E"r per&"r+e% "! a!0 special h"li%a0 shall be pai% a! a%%iti"!al
c"+pe!sati"! "& at least thirt0 perce!t (.8?* "& the re-,lar #a-e "&
the e+pl"0ee. Ehere s,ch h"li%a0 #"r &alls "! the e+pl"0ee@s
sche%,le% rest %a0/ he shall be e!title% t" a! a%%iti"!al c"+pe!sati"!
"& at least &i&t0 per ce!t (68?* "& his re-,lar #a-e.
(%* Ehere the c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t "r "ther applicable
e+pl"0+e!t c"!tract stip,lates the pa0+e!t "& a hi-her pre+i,+
pa0 tha! that prescribe% ,!%er this Article/ the e+pl"0er shall pa0
s,ch hi-her rate.
Chapter III
FOLIDAYS/ SERVICE INCENTIVE LEAVES
AND SERVICE CFARGES
ART. 95. Right to holiday pay. - (a* E3er0 #"rer shall be pai% his
re-,lar %ail0 #a-e %,ri!- re-,lar h"li%a0s/ e'cept i! retail a!%
ser3ice establish+e!ts re-,larl0 e+pl"0i!- less tha! te! (18*
#"rersC
(b* The e+pl"0er +a0 re1,ire a! e+pl"0ee t" #"r "! a!0 h"li%a0
b,t s,ch e+pl"0ee shall be pai% a c"+pe!sati"! e1,i3ale!t t" t#ice
his re-,lar rateC a!%
(c* As ,se% i! this Article/ "holiday" i!cl,%esB Ne# Year@s Da0/
Ma,!%0 Th,rs%a0/ G""% :ri%a0/ the !i!th "& April/ the &irst "& Ma0/
the t#el&th "& G,!e/ the &",rth "& G,l0/ the thirtieth "& N"3e+ber/ the
t#e!t0-&i&th a!% thirtieth "& Dece+ber a!% the %a0 %esi-!ate% b0 la#
&"r h"l%i!- a -e!eral electi"!.
ART. 96. Right to service incentive leave. - (a* E3er0 e+pl"0ee #h"
has re!%ere% at least "!e 0ear "& ser3ice shall be e!title% t" a 0earl0
ser3ice i!ce!ti3e lea3e "& &i3e %a0s #ith pa0.
(b* This pr"3isi"! shall !"t appl0 t" th"se #h" are alrea%0 e!4"0i!-
the be!e&it herei! pr"3i%e%/ th"se e!4"0i!- 3acati"! lea3e #ith pa0 "&
at least &i3e %a0s a!% th"se e+pl"0e% i! establish+e!ts re-,larl0
e+pl"0i!- less tha! te! e+pl"0ees "r i! establish+e!ts e'e+pte%
&r"+ -ra!ti!- this be!e&it b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t
a&ter c"!si%eri!- the 3iabilit0 "r &i!a!cial c"!%iti"! "& s,ch
establish+e!t. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(c* The -ra!t "& be!e&it i! e'cess "& that pr"3i%e% herei! shall !"t be
+a%e a s,b4ect "& arbitrati"! "r a!0 c",rt "r a%+i!istrati3e acti"!.
ART. 9). $ervice charges. - All ser3ice char-es c"llecte% b0 h"tels/
resta,ra!ts a!% si+ilar establish+e!ts shall be %istrib,te% at the rate
"& ei-ht0-&i3e perce!t (<6?* &"r all c"3ere% e+pl"0ees a!% &i&tee!
perce!t (16?* &"r +a!a-e+e!t. The share "& the e+pl"0ees shall be
e1,all0 %istrib,te% a+"!- the+. I! case the ser3ice char-e is
ab"lishe%/ the share "& the c"3ere% e+pl"0ees shall be c"!si%ere%
i!te-rate% i! their #a-es.

Title II
EAGES

Chapter I
PRELIMINARY MATTERS
ART. 97. Definitions. - As ,se% i! this TitleB
(a* "Person" +ea!s a! i!%i3i%,al/ part!ership/ ass"ciati"!/
c"rp"rati"!/ b,si!ess tr,st/ le-al represe!tati3es/ "r a!0 "r-a!i2e%
-r",p "& pers"!s.
(b* "(mployer" i!cl,%es a!0 pers"! acti!- %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0 i!
the i!terest "& a! e+pl"0er i! relati"! t" a! e+pl"0ee a!% shall
i!cl,%e the -"3er!+e!t a!% all its bra!ches/ s,b%i3isi"!s a!%
i!str,+e!talities/ all -"3er!+e!t-"#!e% "r c"!tr"lle% c"rp"rati"!s
a!% i!stit,ti"!s/ as #ell as !"!-pr"&it pri3ate i!stit,ti"!s/ "r
"r-a!i2ati"!s.
(c* "(mployee" i!cl,%es a!0 i!%i3i%,al e+pl"0e% b0 a! e+pl"0er.
(%* "Agriculture" i!cl,%es &ar+i!- i! all its bra!ches a!%/ a+"!-
"ther thi!-s/ i!cl,%es c,lti3ati"! a!% tilla-e "& s"il/ %air0i!-/ the
pr"%,cti"!/ c,lti3ati"!/ -r"#i!- a!% har3esti!- "& a!0 a-ric,lt,ral
a!% h"rtic,lt,ral c"++"%ities/ the raisi!- "& li3est"c "r p",ltr0/ a!%
a!0 practices per&"r+e% b0 a &ar+er "! a &ar+ as a! i!ci%e!t t" "r i!
c"!4,!cti"! #ith s,ch &ar+i!- "perati"!s/ b,t %"es !"t i!cl,%e the
+a!,&act,ri!- "r pr"cessi!- "& s,-ar/ c"c"!,ts/ abaca/ t"bacc"/
pi!eapples "r "ther &ar+ pr"%,cts.
(e* "(mploy" i!cl,%es t" s,&&er "r per+it t" #"r.
(&* "&age" pai% t" a!0 e+pl"0ee shall +ea! the re+,!erati"! "r
ear!i!-s/ h"#e3er %esi-!ate%/ capable "& bei!- e'presse% i! ter+s "&
+"!e0/ #hether &i'e% "r ascertai!e% "! a ti+e/ tas/ piece/ "r
c"++issi"! basis/ "r "ther +eth"% "& calc,lati!- the sa+e/ #hich is
pa0able b0 a! e+pl"0er t" a! e+pl"0ee ,!%er a #ritte! "r ,!#ritte!
c"!tract "& e+pl"0+e!t &"r #"r %"!e "r t" be %"!e/ "r &"r ser3ices
re!%ere% "r t" be re!%ere% a!% i!cl,%es the &air a!% reas"!able
3al,e/ as %eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ "&
b"ar%/ l"%-i!-/ "r "ther &acilities c,st"+aril0 &,r!ishe% b0 the
e+pl"0er t" the e+pl"0ee. "*air and reasonable value" shall !"t
i!cl,%e a!0 pr"&it t" the e+pl"0er/ "r t" a!0 pers"! a&&iliate% #ith the
e+pl"0er.
ART. 9<. Application of Title. - This Title shall !"t appl0 t" &ar+
te!a!c0 "r leaseh"l%/ %"+estic ser3ice a!% pers"!s #"ri!- i! their
respecti3e h"+es i! !ee%le #"r "r i! a!0 c"tta-e i!%,str0 %,l0
re-istere% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith la#.

Chapter II
MINIMDM EAGE RATES

ART. 99. Regional minimum !ages. - The +i!i+,+ #a-e rates &"r
a-ric,lt,ral a!% !"!-a-ric,lt,ral e+pl"0ees a!% #"rers i! each a!%
e3er0 re-i"! "& the c",!tr0 shall be th"se prescribe% b0 the Re-i"!al
Tripartite Ea-es a!% Pr"%,cti3it0 ="ar%s. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./ Rep,blic
Act N". )7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.
ART. 188. Prohibition against elimination or diminution of benefits.
- N"thi!- i! this ="" shall be c"!str,e% t" eli+i!ate "r i! a!0 #a0
%i+i!ish s,pple+e!ts/ "r "ther e+pl"0ee be!e&its bei!- e!4"0e% at
the ti+e "& pr"+,l-ati"! "& this C"%[Link]! r"bles 3irt,al la# librar0
ART. 181. Payment by results. - (a* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t shall re-,late the pa0+e!t "& #a-es b0 res,lts/
i!cl,%i!- pa"yao/ piece#"r/ a!% "ther !"!-ti+e #"r/ i! "r%er t"
e!s,re the pa0+e!t "& &air a!% reas"!able #a-e rates/ pre&erabl0
thr",-h ti+e a!% +"ti"! st,%ies "r i! c"!s,ltati"! #ith
represe!tati3es "& #"rers@ a!% e+pl"0ers@ "r-a!i2ati"!s.
Chapter III
PAYMENT O: EAGES
ART. 18$. *orms of payment. - N" e+pl"0er shall pa0 the #a-es "&
a! e+pl"0ee b0 +ea!s "& pr"+iss"r0 !"tes/ 3",chers/ c",p"!s/
t"e!s/ ticets/ chits/ "r a!0 "b4ect "ther tha! le-al te!%er/ e3e! #he!
e'pressl0 re1,este% b0 the e+pl"0ee.
Pa0+e!t "& #a-es b0 chec "r +"!e0 "r%er shall be all"#e% #he!
s,ch +a!!er "& pa0+e!t is c,st"+ar0 "! the %ate "& e&&ecti3it0 "& this
C"%e/ "r is !ecessar0 beca,se "& special circ,+sta!ces as speci&ie% i!
appr"priate re-,lati"!s t" be iss,e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t "r as stip,late% i! a c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t.
ART. 18.. Time of payment. - Ea-es shall be pai% at least "!ce e3er0
t#" ($* #ees "r t#ice a +"!th at i!ter3als !"t e'cee%i!- si'tee! (1)*
%a0s. I& "! acc",!t "& force ma%eure "r circ,+sta!ces be0"!% the
e+pl"0er@s c"!tr"l/ pa0+e!t "& #a-es "! "r #ithi! the ti+e herei!
pr"3i%e% ca!!"t be +a%e/ the e+pl"0er shall pa0 the #a-es
i++e%iatel0 a&ter s,ch force ma%eure "r circ,+sta!ces ha3e cease%.
N" e+pl"0er shall +ae pa0+e!t #ith less &re1,e!c0 tha! "!ce a
+"!th.
The pa0+e!t "& #a-es "& e+pl"0ees e!-a-e% t" per&"r+ a tas #hich
ca!!"t be c"+plete% i! t#" ($* #ees shall be s,b4ect t" the &"ll"#i!-
c"!%iti"!s/ i! the abse!ce "& a c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t "r
arbitrati"! a#ar%B
(1* That pa0+e!ts are +a%e at i!ter3als !"t e'cee%i!- si'tee! (1)*
%a0s/ i! pr"p"rti"! t" the a+",!t "& #"r c"+plete%C
($* That &i!al settle+e!t is +a%e ,p"! c"+pleti"! "& the #"r.
ART. 185. Place of payment. - Pa0+e!t "& #a-es shall be +a%e at "r
!ear the place "& ,!%ertai!-/ e'cept as "ther#ise pr"3i%e% b0 s,ch
re-,lati"!s as the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0 prescribe
,!%er c"!%iti"!s t" e!s,re -reater pr"tecti"! "& #a-es.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. 186. Direct payment of !ages. - Ea-es shall be pai% %irectl0 t"
the #"rers t" #h"+ the0 are %,e/ e'ceptB
(a* I! cases "& force ma%eure re!%eri!- s,ch pa0+e!t i+p"ssible "r
,!%er "ther special circ,+sta!ces t" be %eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0
"& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t i! appr"priate re-,lati"!s/ i! #hich case/
the #"rer +a0 be pai% thr",-h a!"ther pers"! ,!%er #ritte!
a,th"rit0 -i3e! b0 the #"rer &"r the p,rp"seC "r
(b* Ehere the #"rer has %ie%/ i! #hich case/ the e+pl"0er +a0 pa0
the #a-es "& the %ecease% #"rer t" the heirs "& the latter #ith",t the
!ecessit0 "& i!testate pr"cee%i!-s. The clai+a!ts/ i& the0 are all "&
a-e/ shall e'ec,te a! a&&i%a3it attesti!- t" their relati"!ship t" the
%ecease% a!% the &act that the0 are his heirs/ t" the e'cl,si"! "& all
"ther pers"!s. I& a!0 "& the heirs is a +i!"r/ the a&&i%a3it shall be
e'ec,te% "! his behal& b0 his !at,ral -,ar%ia! "r !e't-"&-i!. The
a&&i%a3it shall be prese!te% t" the e+pl"0er #h" shall +ae pa0+e!t
thr",-h the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r his
represe!tati3e. The represe!tati3e "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t shall act as re&eree i! %i3i%i!- the a+",!t pai% a+"!-
the heirs. The pa0+e!t "& #a-es ,!%er this Article shall abs"l3e the
e+pl"0er "& a!0 &,rther liabilit0 #ith respect t" the a+",!t pai%.
ART. 18). Contractor or subcontractor. - Ehe!e3er a! e+pl"0er
e!ters i!t" a c"!tract #ith a!"ther pers"! &"r the per&"r+a!ce "& the
&"r+er@s #"r/ the e+pl"0ees "& the c"!tract"r a!% "& the latter@s
s,bc"!tract"r/ i& a!0/ shall be pai% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the pr"3isi"!s
"& this C"%e.
I! the e3e!t that the c"!tract"r "r s,bc"!tract"r &ails t" pa0 the
#a-es "& his e+pl"0ees i! acc"r%a!ce #ith this C"%e/ the e+pl"0er
shall be 4"i!tl0 a!% se3erall0 liable #ith his c"!tract"r "r
s,bc"!tract"r t" s,ch e+pl"0ees t" the e'te!t "& the #"r per&"r+e%
,!%er the c"!tract/ i! the sa+e +a!!er a!% e'te!t that he is liable t"
e+pl"0ees %irectl0 e+pl"0e% b0 hi+. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0/ b0 appr"priate
re-,lati"!s/ restrict "r pr"hibit the c"!tracti!--",t "& lab"r t" pr"tect
the ri-hts "& #"rers establishe% ,!%er this C"%e. I! s" pr"hibiti!- "r
restricti!-/ he +a0 +ae appr"priate %isti!cti"!s bet#ee! lab"r-"!l0
c"!tracti!- a!% 4"b c"!tracti!- as #ell as %i&&ere!tiati"!s #ithi!
these t0pes "& c"!tracti!- a!% %eter+i!e #h" a+"!- the parties
i!3"l3e% shall be c"!si%ere% the e+pl"0er &"r p,rp"ses "& this C"%e/
t" pre3e!t a!0 3i"lati"! "r circ,+3e!ti"! "& a!0 pr"3isi"! "& this
C"%e.
There is "laboronly" c"!tracti!- #here the pers"! s,ppl0i!-
#"rers t" a! e+pl"0er %"es !"t ha3e s,bsta!tial capital "r
i!3est+e!t i! the &"r+ "& t""ls/ e1,ip+e!t/ +achi!eries/ #"r
pre+ises/ a+"!- "thers/ a!% the #"rers recr,ite% a!% place% b0
s,ch pers"! are per&"r+i!- acti3ities #hich are %irectl0 relate% t" the
pri!cipal b,si!ess "& s,ch e+pl"0er. I! s,ch cases/ the pers"! "r
i!ter+e%iar0 shall be c"!si%ere% +erel0 as a! a-e!t "& the e+pl"0er
#h" shall be resp"!sible t" the #"rers i! the sa+e +a!!er a!%
e'te!t as i& the latter #ere %irectl0 e+pl"0e% b0 hi+.
ART. 187. #ndirect employer. - The pr"3isi"!s "& the i++e%iatel0
prece%i!- article shall lie#ise appl0 t" a!0 pers"!/ part!ership/
ass"ciati"! "r c"rp"rati"! #hich/ !"t bei!- a! e+pl"0er/ c"!tracts
#ith a! i!%epe!%e!t c"!tract"r &"r the per&"r+a!ce "& a!0 #"r/
tas/ 4"b "r pr"4ect.
ART. 18<. Posting of bond. - A! e+pl"0er "r i!%irect e+pl"0er +a0
re1,ire the c"!tract"r "r s,bc"!tract"r t" &,r!ish a b"!% e1,al t" the
c"st "& lab"r ,!%er c"!tract/ "! c"!%iti"! that the b"!% #ill a!s#er
&"r the #a-es %,e the e+pl"0ees sh",l% the c"!tract"r "r
s,bc"!tract"r/ as the case +a0 be/ &ail t" pa0 the sa+e.
ART. 189. $olidary liability. - The pr"3isi"!s "& e'isti!- la#s t" the
c"!trar0 !"t#ithsta!%i!-/ e3er0 e+pl"0er "r i!%irect e+pl"0er shall
be hel% resp"!sible #ith his c"!tract"r "r s,bc"!tract"r &"r a!0
3i"lati"! "& a!0 pr"3isi"! "& this C"%e. :"r p,rp"ses "& %eter+i!i!-
the e'te!t "& their ci3il liabilit0 ,!%er this Chapter/ the0 shall be
c"!si%ere% as %irect e+pl"0ers.
ART. 118. &or"er preference in case of ban"ruptcy. - I! the e3e!t "&
ba!r,ptc0 "r li1,i%ati"! "& a! e+pl"0er@s b,si!ess/ his #"rers
shall e!4"0 &irst pre&ere!ce as re-ar%s their #a-es a!% "ther +"!etar0
clai+s/ a!0 pr"3isi"!s "& la# t" the c"!trar0 !"t#ithsta!%i!-. S,ch
,!pai% #a-es a!% +"!etar0 clai+s shall be pai% i! &,ll be&"re clai+s
"& the -"3er!+e!t a!% "ther cre%it"rs +a0 be pai%. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"!
1/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
ART. 111. Attorney7s fees. - (a* I! cases "& ,!la#&,l #ithh"l%i!- "&
#a-es/ the c,lpable part0 +a0 be assesse% att"r!e0@s &ees e1,i3ale!t
t" te! perce!t "& the a+",!t "& #a-es rec"3ere%.
(b* It shall be ,!la#&,l &"r a!0 pers"! t" %e+a!% "r accept/ i! a!0
4,%icial "r a%+i!istrati3e pr"cee%i!-s &"r the rec"3er0 "& #a-es/
att"r!e0@s &ees #hich e'cee% te! perce!t "& the a+",!t "& #a-es
rec"3ere%.

Chapter IV
PROFI=ITIONS REGARDING EAGES

ART. 11$. Noninterference in disposal of !ages. - N" e+pl"0er shall
li+it "r "ther#ise i!ter&ere #ith the &ree%"+ "& a!0 e+pl"0ee t"
%isp"se "& his #a-es. Fe shall !"t i! a!0 +a!!er &"rce/ c"+pel/ "r
"bli-e his e+pl"0ees t" p,rchase +ercha!%ise/ c"++"%ities "r "ther
pr"pert0 &r"+ a!0 "ther pers"!/ "r "ther#ise +ae ,se "& a!0 st"re
"r ser3ices "& s,ch e+pl"0er "r a!0 "ther pers"!.
ART. 11.. &age deduction. - N" e+pl"0er/ i! his "#! behal& "r i!
behal& "& a!0 pers"!/ shall +ae a!0 %e%,cti"! &r"+ the #a-es "& his
e+pl"0ees/ e'ceptB cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(a* I! cases #here the #"rer is i!s,re% #ith his c"!se!t b0 the
e+pl"0er/ a!% the %e%,cti"! is t" rec"+pe!se the e+pl"0er &"r the
a+",!t pai% b0 hi+ as pre+i,+ "! the i!s,ra!ceC
(b* :"r ,!i"! %,es/ i! cases #here the ri-ht "& the #"rer "r his
,!i"! t" chec-"&& has bee! rec"-!i2e% b0 the e+pl"0er "r a,th"ri2e%
i! #riti!- b0 the i!%i3i%,al #"rer c"!cer!e%C a!%
(c* I! cases #here the e+pl"0er is a,th"ri2e% b0 la# "r re-,lati"!s
iss,e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t.
ART. 115. Deposits for loss or damage. - N" e+pl"0er shall re1,ire
his #"rer t" +ae %ep"sits &r"+ #hich %e%,cti"!s shall be +a%e &"r
the rei+b,rse+e!t "& l"ss "& "r %a+a-e t" t""ls/ +aterials/ "r
e1,ip+e!t s,pplie% b0 the e+pl"0er/ e'cept #he! the e+pl"0er is
e!-a-e% i! s,ch tra%es/ "cc,pati"!s "r b,si!ess #here the practice "&
+ai!- %e%,cti"!s "r re1,iri!- %ep"sits is a rec"-!i2e% "!e/ "r is
!ecessar0 "r %esirable as %eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t i! appr"priate r,les a!% re-,lati"!s.
ART. 116. Limitations. - N" %e%,cti"! &r"+ the %ep"sits "& a!
e+pl"0ee &"r the act,al a+",!t "& the l"ss "r %a+a-e shall be +a%e
,!less the e+pl"0ee has bee! hear% there"!/ a!% his resp"!sibilit0
has bee! clearl0 sh"#!.
ART. 11). &ithholding of !ages and "ic"bac"s prohibited. - It shall
be ,!la#&,l &"r a!0 pers"!/ %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0/ t" #ithh"l% a!0
a+",!t &r"+ the #a-es "& a #"rer "r i!%,ce hi+ t" -i3e ,p a!0 part
"& his #a-es b0 &"rce/ stealth/ i!ti+i%ati"!/ threat "r b0 a!0 "ther
+ea!s #hats"e3er #ith",t the #"rer@s c"!se!t.
ART. 117. Deduction to ensure employment. - It shall be ,!la#&,l t"
+ae a!0 %e%,cti"! &r"+ the #a-es "& a!0 e+pl"0ee &"r the be!e&it
"& the e+pl"0er "r his represe!tati3e "r i!ter+e%iar0 as
c"!si%erati"! "& a pr"+ise "& e+pl"0+e!t "r rete!ti"! i!
e+pl"0+e!t.
ART. 11<. Retaliatory measures. - It shall be ,!la#&,l &"r a!
e+pl"0er t" re&,se t" pa0 "r re%,ce the #a-es a!% be!e&its/ %ischar-e
"r i! a!0 +a!!er %iscri+i!ate a-ai!st a!0 e+pl"0ee #h" has &ile%
a!0 c"+plai!t "r i!stit,te% a!0 pr"cee%i!- ,!%er this Title "r has
testi&ie% "r is ab",t t" testi&0 i! s,ch pr"cee%i!-s.
ART. 119. *alse reporting. - It shall be ,!la#&,l &"r a!0 pers"! t"
+ae a!0 state+e!t/ rep"rt/ "r rec"r% &ile% "r ept p,rs,a!t t" the
pr"3isi"!s "& this C"%e !"#i!- s,ch state+e!t/ rep"rt "r rec"r% t"
be &alse i! a!0 +aterial respect.

Chapter V
EAGE STDDIES/ EAGE AGREEMENTS
AND EAGE DETERMINATION
ART. 1$8. Creation of National &ages and Productivity
Commission. - There is hereb0 create% a Nati"!al Ea-es a!%
Pr"%,cti3it0 C"++issi"!/ herei!a&ter re&erre% t" as the C"++issi"!/
#hich shall be attache% t" the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t
(DOLE* &"r p"lic0 a!% pr"-ra+ c""r%i!ati"!. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act
N". )7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.
ART. 1$1. Po!ers and functions of the Commission. - The
C"++issi"! shall ha3e the &"ll"#i!- p"#ers a!% &,!cti"!sB
(a* T" act as the !ati"!al c"!s,ltati3e a!% a%3is"r0 b"%0 t" the
Presi%e!t "& the Philippi!es a!% C"!-ress "! +atters relati!- t"
#a-es/ i!c"+es a!% pr"%,cti3it0C
(b* T" &"r+,late p"licies a!% -,i%eli!es "! #a-es/ i!c"+es a!%
pr"%,cti3it0 i+pr"3e+e!t at the e!terprise/ i!%,str0 a!% !ati"!al
le3elsC
(c* T" prescribe r,les a!% -,i%eli!es &"r the %eter+i!ati"! "&
appr"priate +i!i+,+ #a-e a!% pr"%,cti3it0 +eas,res at the
re-i"!al/ pr"3i!cial/ "r i!%,str0 le3elsC
(%* T" re3ie# re-i"!al #a-e le3els set b0 the Re-i"!al Tripartite
Ea-es a!% Pr"%,cti3it0 ="ar%s t" %eter+i!e i& these are i!
acc"r%a!ce #ith prescribe% -,i%eli!es a!% !ati"!al %e3el"p+e!t
pla!sC
(e* T" ,!%ertae st,%ies/ researches a!% s,r3e0s !ecessar0 &"r the
attai!+e!t "& its &,!cti"!s a!% "b4ecti3es/ a!% t" c"llect a!% c"+pile
%ata a!% peri"%icall0 %isse+i!ate i!&"r+ati"! "! #a-es a!%
pr"%,cti3it0 a!% "ther relate% i!&"r+ati"!/ i!cl,%i!-/ b,t !"t li+ite%
t"/ e+pl"0+e!t/ c"st-"&-li3i!-/ lab"r c"sts/ i!3est+e!ts a!% ret,r!sC
(&* T" re3ie# pla!s a!% pr"-ra+s "& the Re-i"!al Tripartite Ea-es
a!% Pr"%,cti3it0 ="ar%s t" %eter+i!e #hether these are c"!siste!t
#ith !ati"!al %e3el"p+e!t pla!sC
(-* T" e'ercise tech!ical a!% a%+i!istrati3e s,per3isi"! "3er the
Re-i"!al Tripartite Ea-es a!% Pr"%,cti3it0 ="ar%sCcha! r"bles 3irt,al la# librar0
(h* T" call/ &r"+ ti+e t" ti+e/ a !ati"!al tripartite c"!&ere!ce "&
represe!tati3es "& -"3er!+e!t/ #"rers a!% e+pl"0ers &"r the
c"!si%erati"! "& +eas,res t" pr"+"te #a-e rati"!ali2ati"! a!%
pr"%,cti3it0C a!%
(i* T" e'ercise s,ch p"#ers a!% &,!cti"!s as +a0 be !ecessar0 t"
i+ple+e!t this Act.
The C"++issi"! shall be c"+p"se% "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t as e,officio chair+a!/ the Direct"r-Ge!eral "& the
Nati"!al Ec"!"+ic a!% De3el"p+e!t A,th"rit0 (NEDA* as e,officio
3ice-chair+a!/ a!% t#" ($* +e+bers each &r"+ #"rers@ a!%
e+pl"0ers@ sect"rs #h" shall be app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t "& the
Philippi!es ,p"! rec"++e!%ati"! "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t t" be +a%e "! the basis "& the list "& !"+i!ees
s,b+itte% b0 the #"rers@ a!% e+pl"0ers@ sect"rs/ respecti3el0/ a!%
#h" shall ser3e &"r a ter+ "& &i3e (6* 0ears. The E'ec,ti3e Direct"r "&
the C"++issi"! shall als" be a +e+ber "& the C"++issi"!.
The C"++issi"! shall be assiste% b0 a Secretariat t" be hea%e% b0 a!
E'ec,ti3e Direct"r a!% t#" ($* Dep,t0 Direct"rs/ #h" shall be
app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t "& the Philippi!es/ ,p"! the
rec"++e!%ati"! "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t.
The E'ec,ti3e Direct"r shall ha3e the sa+e ra!/ salar0/ be!e&its a!%
"ther e+"l,+e!ts as that "& a Depart+e!t Assista!t Secretar0/ #hile
the Dep,t0 Direct"rs shall ha3e the sa+e ra!/ salar0/ be!e&its a!%
"ther e+"l,+e!ts as that "& a =,rea, Direct"r. The +e+bers "& the
C"++issi"! represe!ti!- lab"r a!% +a!a-e+e!t shall ha3e the sa+e
ra!/ e+"l,+e!ts/ all"#a!ces a!% "ther be!e&its as th"se prescribe%
b0 la# &"r lab"r a!% +a!a-e+e!t represe!tati3es i! the E+pl"0ees@
C"+pe!sati"! C"++issi"!. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N". )7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.
ART. 1$$. Creation of Regional Tripartite &ages and Productivity
)oards. - There is hereb0 create% Re-i"!al Tripartite Ea-es a!%
Pr"%,cti3it0 ="ar%s/ herei!a&ter re&erre% t" as Re-i"!al ="ar%s/ i! all
re-i"!s/ i!cl,%i!- a,t"!"+",s re-i"!s as +a0 be establishe% b0 la#.
The C"++issi"! shall %eter+i!e the "&&ices>hea%1,arters "& the
respecti3e Re-i"!al ="ar%s.
The Re-i"!al ="ar%s shall ha3e the &"ll"#i!- p"#ers a!% &,!cti"!s i!
their respecti3e territ"rial 4,ris%icti"!sB
(a* T" %e3el"p pla!s/ pr"-ra+s a!% pr"4ects relati3e t" #a-es/
i!c"+es a!% pr"%,cti3it0 i+pr"3e+e!t &"r their respecti3e re-i"!sC
(b* T" %eter+i!e a!% &i' +i!i+,+ #a-e rates applicable i! their
re-i"!s/ pr"3i!ces "r i!%,stries therei! a!% t" iss,e the
c"rresp"!%i!- #a-e "r%ers/ s,b4ect t" -,i%eli!es iss,e% b0 the
C"++issi"!C
(c* T" ,!%ertae st,%ies/ researches/ a!% s,r3e0s !ecessar0 &"r the
attai!+e!t "& their &,!cti"!s/ "b4ecti3es a!% pr"-ra+s/ a!% t" c"llect
a!% c"+pile %ata "! #a-es/ i!c"+es/ pr"%,cti3it0 a!% "ther relate%
i!&"r+ati"! a!% peri"%icall0 %isse+i!ate the sa+eC
(%* T" c""r%i!ate #ith the "ther Re-i"!al ="ar%s as +a0 be !ecessar0
t" attai! the p"lic0 a!% i!te!ti"! "& this C"%eC
(e* T" recei3e/ pr"cess a!% act "! applicati"!s &"r e'e+pti"! &r"+
prescribe% #a-e rates as +a0 be pr"3i%e% b0 la# "r a!0 Ea-e Or%erC
a!%
(&* T" e'ercise s,ch "ther p"#ers a!% &,!cti"!s as +a0 be !ecessar0
t" carr0 ",t their +a!%ate ,!%er this C"%e.
I+ple+e!tati"! "& the pla!s/ pr"-ra+s/ a!% pr"4ects "& the Re-i"!al
="ar%s re&erre% t" i! the sec"!% para-raph/ letter (a* "& this Article/
shall be thr",-h the respecti3e re-i"!al "&&ices "& the Depart+e!t "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t #ithi! their territ"rial 4,ris%icti"!C
Provided3 ho!ever/ That the Re-i"!al ="ar%s shall ha3e tech!ical
s,per3isi"! "3er the re-i"!al "&&ice "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t #ith respect t" the i+ple+e!tati"! "& sai% pla!s/
pr"-ra+s a!% pr"4ects.
Each Re-i"!al ="ar% shall be c"+p"se% "& the Re-i"!al Direct"r "&
the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t as chair+a!/ the Re-i"!al
Direct"rs "& the Nati"!al Ec"!"+ic a!% De3el"p+e!t A,th"rit0 a!%
the Depart+e!t "& Tra%e a!% I!%,str0 as 3ice-chair+e! a!% t#" ($*
+e+bers each &r"+ #"rers@ a!% e+pl"0ers@ sect"rs #h" shall be
app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t "& the Philippi!es/ ,p"! the
rec"++e!%ati"! "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ t" be
+a%e "! the basis "& the list "& !"+i!ees s,b+itte% b0 the #"rers@
a!% e+pl"0ers@ sect"rs/ respecti3el0/ a!% #h" shall ser3e &"r a ter+ "&
&i3e (6* 0ears.
Each Re-i"!al ="ar% t" be hea%e% b0 its chair+a! shall be assiste%
b0 a Secretariat. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N". )7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.
ART. 1$.. &age 'rder. - Ehe!e3er c"!%iti"!s i! the re-i"! s"
#arra!t/ the Re-i"!al ="ar% shall i!3esti-ate a!% st,%0 all perti!e!t
&actsC a!% base% "! the sta!%ar%s a!% criteria herei! prescribe%/ shall
pr"cee% t" %eter+i!e #hether a Ea-e Or%er sh",l% be iss,e%. A!0
s,ch Ea-e Or%er shall tae e&&ect a&ter &i&tee! (16* %a0s &r"+ its
c"+plete p,blicati"! i! at least "!e (1* !e#spaper "& -e!eral
circ,lati"! i! the re-i"!.
I! the per&"r+a!ce "& its #a-e-%eter+i!i!- &,!cti"!s/ the Re-i"!al
="ar% shall c"!%,ct p,blic heari!-s>c"!s,ltati"!s/ -i3i!- !"tices t"
e+pl"0ees@ a!% e+pl"0ers@ -r",ps/ pr"3i!cial/ cit0 a!% +,!icipal
"&&icials a!% "ther i!tereste% parties.
A!0 part0 a--rie3e% b0 the Ea-e Or%er iss,e% b0 the Re-i"!al ="ar%
+a0 appeal s,ch "r%er t" the C"++issi"! #ithi! te! (18* cale!%ar
%a0s &r"+ the p,blicati"! "& s,ch "r%er. It shall be +a!%at"r0 &"r the
C"++issi"! t" %eci%e s,ch appeal #ithi! si't0 ()8* cale!%ar %a0s
&r"+ the &ili!- there"&.
The &ili!- "& the appeal %"es !"t sta0 the "r%er ,!less the pers"!
appeali!- s,ch "r%er shall &ile #ith the C"++issi"!/ a! ,!%ertai!-
#ith a s,ret0 "r s,reties satis&act"r0 t" the C"++issi"! &"r the
pa0+e!t t" the e+pl"0ees a&&ecte% b0 the "r%er "& the c"rresp"!%i!-
i!crease/ i! the e3e!t s,ch "r%er is a&&ir+e%. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N".
)7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.
ART. 1$5. $tandards/Criteria for minimum !age fi,ing. - The
re-i"!al +i!i+,+ #a-es t" be establishe% b0 the Re-i"!al ="ar%
shall be as !earl0 a%e1,ate as is ec"!"+icall0 &easible t" +ai!tai! the
+i!i+,+ sta!%ar%s "& li3i!- !ecessar0 &"r the health/ e&&icie!c0 a!%
-e!eral #ell-bei!- "& the e+pl"0ees #ithi! the &ra+e#"r "& the
!ati"!al ec"!"+ic a!% s"cial %e3el"p+e!t pr"-ra+. I! the
%eter+i!ati"! "& s,ch re-i"!al +i!i+,+ #a-es/ the Re-i"!al ="ar%
shall/ a+"!- "ther rele3a!t &act"rs/ c"!si%er the &"ll"#i!-B

(a* The %e+a!% &"r li3i!- #a-esC
(b* Ea-e a%4,st+e!t vis8vis the c"!s,+er price i!%e'C
(c* The c"st "& li3i!- a!% cha!-es "r i!creases therei!C
(%* The !ee%s "& #"rers a!% their &a+iliesC
(e* The !ee% t" i!%,ce i!%,stries t" i!3est i! the c",!tr0si%eC
(&* I+pr"3e+e!ts i! sta!%ar%s "& li3i!-C
(-* The pre3aili!- #a-e le3elsC
(h* :air ret,r! "& the capital i!3este% a!% capacit0 t" pa0 "&
e+pl"0ersC
(i* E&&ects "! e+pl"0+e!t -e!erati"! a!% &a+il0 i!c"+eC a!%
(4* The e1,itable %istrib,ti"! "& i!c"+e a!% #ealth al"!- the
i+perati3es "& ec"!"+ic a!% s"cial %e3el"p+e!t.

The #a-es prescribe% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the pr"3isi"!s "& this Title
shall be the sta!%ar% pre3aili!- +i!i+,+ #a-es i! e3er0 re-i"!.
These #a-es shall i!cl,%e #a-es 3ar0i!- #ith i!%,stries/ pr"3i!ces "r
l"calities i& i! the 4,%-+e!t "& the Re-i"!al ="ar%/ c"!%iti"!s +ae
s,ch l"cal %i&&ere!tiati"! pr"per a!% !ecessar0 t" e&&ect,ate the
p,rp"se "& this Title.
A!0 pers"!/ c"+pa!0/ c"rp"rati"!/ part!ership "r a!0 "ther e!tit0
e!-a-e% i! b,si!ess shall &ile a!% re-ister a!!,all0 #ith the
appr"priate Re-i"!al ="ar%/ C"++issi"! a!% the Nati"!al Statistics
O&&ice/ a! ite+i2e% listi!- "& their lab"r c"+p"!e!t/ speci&0i!- the
!a+es "& their #"rers a!% e+pl"0ees bel"# the +a!a-erial le3el/
i!cl,%i!- lear!ers/ appre!tices a!% %isable%>ha!%icappe% #"rers
#h" #ere hire% ,!%er the ter+s prescribe% i! the e+pl"0+e!t
c"!tracts/ a!% their c"rresp"!%i!- salaries a!% #a-es.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
Ehere the applicati"! "& a!0 prescribe% #a-e i!crease b0 3irt,e "& a
la# "r #a-e "r%er iss,e% b0 a!0 Re-i"!al ="ar% res,lts i! %ist"rti"!s
"& the #a-e str,ct,re #ithi! a! establish+e!t/ the e+pl"0er a!% the
,!i"! shall !e-"tiate t" c"rrect the %ist"rti"!s. A!0 %isp,te arisi!-
&r"+ #a-e %ist"rti"!s shall be res"l3e% thr",-h the -rie3a!ce
pr"ce%,re ,!%er their c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t a!%/ i& it
re+ai!s ,!res"l3e%/ thr",-h 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"!. D!less "ther#ise
a-ree% b0 the parties i! #riti!-/ s,ch %isp,te shall be %eci%e% b0 the
3"l,!tar0 arbitrat"rs #ithi! te! (18* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ the ti+e sai%
%isp,te #as re&erre% t" 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"!.
I! cases #here there are !" c"llecti3e a-ree+e!ts "r rec"-!i2e% lab"r
,!i"!s/ the e+pl"0ers a!% #"rers shall e!%ea3"r t" c"rrect s,ch
%ist"rti"!s. A!0 %isp,te arisi!- there&r"+ shall be settle% thr",-h
the Nati"!al C"!ciliati"! a!% Me%iati"! ="ar% a!%/ i& it re+ai!s
,!res"l3e% a&ter te! (18* cale!%ar %a0s "& c"!ciliati"!/ shall be
re&erre% t" the appr"priate bra!ch "& the Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s
C"++issi"! (NLRC*. It shall be +a!%at"r0 &"r the NLRC t" c"!%,ct
c"!ti!,",s heari!-s a!% %eci%e the %isp,te #ithi! t#e!t0 ($8*
cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ the ti+e sai% %isp,te is s,b+itte% &"r c"+p,ls"r0
arbitrati"!.
The pe!%e!c0 "& a %isp,te arisi!- &r"+ a #a-e %ist"rti"! shall !"t i!
a!0 #a0 %ela0 the applicabilit0 "& a!0 i!crease i! prescribe% #a-e
rates p,rs,a!t t" the pr"3isi"!s "& la# "r #a-e "r%er.
As ,se% herei!/ a #a-e %ist"rti"! shall +ea! a sit,ati"! #here a!
i!crease i! prescribe% #a-e rates res,lts i! the eli+i!ati"! "r se3ere
c"!tracti"! "& i!te!ti"!al 1,a!titati3e %i&&ere!ces i! #a-e "r salar0
rates bet#ee! a!% a+"!- e+pl"0ee -r",ps i! a! establish+e!t as t"
e&&ecti3el0 "bliterate the %isti!cti"!s e+b"%ie% i! s,ch #a-e
str,ct,re base% "! sills/ le!-th "& ser3ice/ "r "ther l"-ical bases "&
%i&&ere!tiati"!. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
All #"rers pai% b0 res,lt/ i!cl,%i!- th"se #h" are pai% "!
piece#"r/ ta"ay/ pa"ya! "r tas basis/ shall recei3e !"t less tha!
the prescribe% #a-e rates per ei-ht (<* h",rs "& #"r a %a0/ "r a
pr"p"rti"! there"& &"r #"ri!- less tha! ei-ht (<* h",rs.
All rec"-!i2e% lear!ership a!% appre!ticeship a-ree+e!ts shall be
c"!si%ere% a,t"+aticall0 +"%i&ie% i!s"&ar as their #a-e cla,ses are
c"!cer!e% t" re&lect the prescribe% #a-e rates. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act
N". )7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.
ART. 1$6. *reedom to bargain. - N" #a-e "r%er shall be c"!str,e% t"
pre3e!t #"rers i! partic,lar &ir+s "r e!terprises "r i!%,stries &r"+
bar-ai!i!- &"r hi-her #a-es #ith their respecti3e e+pl"0ers. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N". )7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.
ART. 1$). Prohibition against in%unction. ; N" preli+i!ar0 "r
per+a!e!t i!4,!cti"! "r te+p"rar0 restrai!i!- "r%er +a0 be iss,e%
b0 a!0 c",rt/ trib,!al "r "ther e!tit0 a-ai!st a!0 pr"cee%i!-s be&"re
the C"++issi"! "r the Re-i"!al ="ar%s. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N".
)7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.
ART. 1$7. Nondiminution of benefits. - N" #a-e "r%er iss,e% b0 a!0
re-i"!al b"ar% shall pr"3i%e &"r #a-e rates l"#er tha! the stat,t"r0
+i!i+,+ #a-e rates prescribe% b0 C"!-ress. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act
N". )7$7/ G,!e 9/ 19<9*.

Chapter VI
ADMINISTRATION AND EN:ORCEMENT
ART. 1$<. 0isitorial and enforcement po!er. - (a* The Secretar0 "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3es/
i!cl,%i!- lab"r re-,lati"! "&&icers/ shall ha3e access t" e+pl"0er@s
rec"r%s a!% pre+ises at a!0 ti+e "& the %a0 "r !i-ht #he!e3er #"r
is bei!- ,!%ertae! therei!/ a!% the ri-ht t" c"p0 there&r"+/ t"
1,esti"! a!0 e+pl"0ee a!% i!3esti-ate a!0 &act/ c"!%iti"! "r +atter
#hich +a0 be !ecessar0 t" %eter+i!e 3i"lati"!s "r #hich +a0 ai% i!
the e!&"rce+e!t "& this C"%e a!% "& a!0 lab"r la#/ #a-e "r%er "r
r,les a!% re-,lati"!s iss,e% p,rs,a!t theret".
(b* N"t#ithsta!%i!- the pr"3isi"!s "& Articles 1$9 a!% $17 "& this
C"%e t" the c"!trar0/ a!% i! cases #here the relati"!ship "&
e+pl"0er-e+pl"0ee still e'ists/ the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3es shall ha3e the
p"#er t" iss,e c"+plia!ce "r%ers t" -i3e e&&ect t" the lab"r sta!%ar%s
pr"3isi"!s "& this C"%e a!% "ther lab"r le-islati"! base% "! the
&i!%i!-s "& lab"r e+pl"0+e!t a!% e!&"rce+e!t "&&icers "r i!%,strial
sa&et0 e!-i!eers +a%e i! the c",rse "& i!specti"!. The Secretar0 "r
his %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3es shall iss,e #rits "& e'ec,ti"! t"
the appr"priate a,th"rit0 &"r the e!&"rce+e!t "& their "r%ers/ e'cept
i! cases #here the e+pl"0er c"!tests the &i!%i!-s "& the lab"r
e+pl"0+e!t a!% e!&"rce+e!t "&&icer a!% raises iss,es s,pp"rte% b0
%"c,+e!tar0 pr""&s #hich #ere !"t c"!si%ere% i! the c",rse "&
i!specti"!. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N". 77.8/ G,!e $/ 1995*.
A! "r%er iss,e% b0 the %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3e "& the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t ,!%er this Article +a0 be
appeale% t" the latter. I! case sai% "r%er i!3"l3es a +"!etar0 a#ar%/
a! appeal b0 the e+pl"0er +a0 be per&ecte% "!l0 ,p"! the p"sti!- "&
a cash "r s,ret0 b"!% iss,e% b0 a rep,table b"!%i!- c"+pa!0 %,l0
accre%ite% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t i! the a+",!t
e1,i3ale!t t" the +"!etar0 a#ar% i! the "r%er appeale% &r"+. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N". 77.8/ G,!e $/ 1995*. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(c* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0 lie#ise "r%er
st"ppa-e "& #"r "r s,spe!si"! "& "perati"!s "& a!0 ,!it "r
%epart+e!t "& a! establish+e!t #he! !"!-c"+plia!ce #ith the la#
"r i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!% re-,lati"!s p"ses -ra3e a!% i++i!e!t
%a!-er t" the health a!% sa&et0 "& #"rers i! the #"rplace. Eithi!
t#e!t0-&",r h",rs/ a heari!- shall be c"!%,cte% t" %eter+i!e
#hether a! "r%er &"r the st"ppa-e "& #"r "r s,spe!si"! "&
"perati"!s shall be li&te% "r !"t. I! case the 3i"lati"! is attrib,table t"
the &a,lt "& the e+pl"0er/ he shall pa0 the e+pl"0ees c"!cer!e% their
salaries "r #a-es %,ri!- the peri"% "& s,ch st"ppa-e "& #"r "r
s,spe!si"! "& "perati"!.
(%* It shall be ,!la#&,l &"r a!0 pers"! "r e!tit0 t" "bstr,ct/ i+pe%e/
%ela0 "r "ther#ise re!%er i!e&&ecti3e the "r%ers "& the Secretar0 "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3es iss,e%
p,rs,a!t t" the a,th"rit0 -ra!te% ,!%er this Article/ a!% !" i!&eri"r
c",rt "r e!tit0 shall iss,e te+p"rar0 "r per+a!e!t i!4,!cti"! "r
restrai!i!- "r%er "r "ther#ise ass,+e 4,ris%icti"! "3er a!0 case
i!3"l3i!- the e!&"rce+e!t "r%ers iss,e% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith this
Article.
(e* A!0 -"3er!+e!t e+pl"0ee &",!% -,ilt0 "& 3i"lati"! "&/ "r ab,se "&
a,th"rit0/ ,!%er this Article shall/ a&ter appr"priate a%+i!istrati3e
i!3esti-ati"!/ be s,b4ect t" s,++ar0 %is+issal &r"+ the ser3ice.
(&* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0/ b0 appr"priate
re-,lati"!s/ re1,ire e+pl"0ers t" eep a!% +ai!tai! s,ch
e+pl"0+e!t rec"r%s as +a0 be !ecessar0 i! ai% "& his 3isit"rial a!%
e!&"rce+e!t p"#ers ,!%er this C"%e.
ART. 1$9. Recovery of !ages3 simple money claims and other
benefits. - Dp"! c"+plai!t "& a!0 i!tereste% part0/ the Re-i"!al
Direct"r "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r a!0 "& the
%,l0 a,th"ri2e% heari!- "&&icers "& the Depart+e!t is e+p"#ere%/
thr",-h s,++ar0 pr"cee%i!- a!% a&ter %,e !"tice/ t" hear a!%
%eci%e a!0 +atter i!3"l3i!- the rec"3er0 "& #a-es a!% "ther
+"!etar0 clai+s a!% be!e&its/ i!cl,%i!- le-al i!terest/ "#i!- t" a!
e+pl"0ee "r pers"! e+pl"0e% i! %"+estic "r h",seh"l% ser3ice "r
h",sehelper ,!%er this C"%e/ arisi!- &r"+ e+pl"0er-e+pl"0ee
relati"!sB Pr"3i%e%/ That s,ch c"+plai!t %"es !"t i!cl,%e a clai+ &"r
rei!state+e!tB Pr"3i%e% &,rther/ That the a--re-ate +"!e0 clai+s "&
each e+pl"0ee "r h",sehelper %"es !"t e'cee% :i3e th",sa!% pes"s
(P6/888.88*. The Re-i"!al Direct"r "r heari!- "&&icer shall %eci%e "r
res"l3e the c"+plai!t #ithi! thirt0 (.8* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ the %ate
"& the &ili!- "& the sa+e. A!0 s,+ th,s rec"3ere% "! behal& "& a!0
e+pl"0ee "r h",sehelper p,rs,a!t t" this Article shall be hel% i! a
special %ep"sit acc",!t b0/ a!% shall be pai% "! "r%er "&/ the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r the Re-i"!al Direct"r %irectl0
t" the e+pl"0ee "r h",sehelper c"!cer!e%. A!0 s,ch s,+ !"t pai% t"
the e+pl"0ee "r h",sehelper beca,se he ca!!"t be l"cate% a&ter
%ili-e!t a!% reas"!able e&&"rt t" l"cate hi+ #ithi! a peri"% "& three
(.* 0ears/ shall be hel% as a special &,!% "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r
a!% E+pl"0+e!t t" be ,se% e'cl,si3el0 &"r the a+eli"rati"! a!%
be!e&it "& #"rers.
A!0 %ecisi"! "r res"l,ti"! "& the Re-i"!al Direct"r "r heari!- "&&icer
p,rs,a!t t" this pr"3isi"! +a0 be appeale% "! the sa+e -r",!%s
pr"3i%e% i! Article $$. "& this C"%e/ #ithi! &i3e (6* cale!%ar %a0s
&r"+ receipt "& a c"p0 "& sai% %ecisi"! "r res"l,ti"!/ t" the Nati"!al
Lab"r Relati"!s C"++issi"! #hich shall res"l3e the appeal #ithi!
te! (18* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ the s,b+issi"! "& the last plea%i!-
re1,ire% "r all"#e% ,!%er its r,[Link]! r"bles 3irt,al la# librar0
The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e%
represe!tati3e +a0 s,per3ise the pa0+e!t "& ,!pai% #a-es a!% "ther
+"!etar0 clai+s a!% be!e&its/ i!cl,%i!- le-al i!terest/ &",!% "#i!-
t" a!0 e+pl"0ee "r h",sehelper ,!%er this C"%e. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $/
Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.

Title III
EORAING CONDITIONS :OR
SPECIAL GRODPS O: EMPLOYEES

Chapter I
EMPLOYMENT O: EOMEN
ART. 1.8. Night!or" prohibition. - N" #"+a!/ re-ar%less "& a-e/
shall be e+pl"0e% "r per+itte% "r s,&&ere% t" #"r/ #ith "r #ith",t
c"+pe!sati"!B
(a* I! a!0 i!%,strial ,!%ertai!- "r bra!ch there"& bet#ee! te!
"@cl"c at !i-ht a!% si' "@cl"c i! the +"r!i!- "& the &"ll"#i!- %a0C "r
(b* I! a!0 c"++ercial "r !"!-i!%,strial ,!%ertai!- "r bra!ch
there"&/ "ther tha! a-ric,lt,ral/ bet#ee! +i%!i-ht a!% si' "@cl"c i!
the +"r!i!- "& the &"ll"#i!- %a0C "r
(c* I! a!0 a-ric,lt,ral ,!%ertai!- at !i-htti+e ,!less she is -i3e! a
peri"% "& rest "& !"t less tha! !i!e (9* c"!sec,ti3e h",rs.
ART. 1.1. (,ceptions. - The pr"hibiti"!s prescribe% b0 the prece%i!-
Article shall !"t appl0 i! a!0 "& the &"ll"#i!- casesB
(a* I! cases "& act,al "r i+pe!%i!- e+er-e!cies ca,se% b0 seri",s
acci%e!t/ &ire/ &l""%/ t0ph""!/ earth1,ae/ epi%e+ic "r "ther %isasters
"r cala+it0/ t" pre3e!t l"ss "& li&e "r pr"pert0/ "r i! cases "& force
ma%eure "r i++i!e!t %a!-er t" p,blic sa&et0C
(b* I! case "& ,r-e!t #"r t" be per&"r+e% "! +achi!eries/
e1,ip+e!t "r i!stallati"!/ t" a3"i% seri",s l"ss #hich the e+pl"0er
#",l% "ther#ise s,&&erC
(c* Ehere the #"r is !ecessar0 t" pre3e!t seri",s l"ss "& perishable
-""%sC
(%* Ehere the #"+a! e+pl"0ee h"l%s a resp"!sible p"siti"! "&
+a!a-erial "r tech!ical !at,re/ "r #here the #"+a! e+pl"0ee has
bee! e!-a-e% t" pr"3i%e health a!% #el&are ser3icesC
(e* Ehere the !at,re "& the #"r re1,ires the +a!,al sill a!%
%e'terit0 "& #"+e! #"rers a!% the sa+e ca!!"t be per&"r+e% #ith
e1,al e&&icie!c0 b0 +ale #"rersC
(&* Ehere the #"+e! e+pl"0ees are i++e%iate +e+bers "& the
&a+il0 "perati!- the establish+e!t "r ,!%ertai!-C a!%
(-* D!%er "ther a!al"-",s cases e'e+pte% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r
a!% E+pl"0+e!t i! appr"priate re-,lati"!s.
ART. 1.$. *acilities for !omen. - The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t shall establish sta!%ar%s that #ill e!s,re the sa&et0 a!%
health "& #"+e! e+pl"0ees. I! appr"priate cases/ he shall/ b0
re-,lati"!s/ re1,ire a!0 e+pl"0er t"B
(a* Pr"3i%e seats pr"per &"r #"+e! a!% per+it the+ t" ,se s,ch
seats #he! the0 are &ree &r"+ #"r a!% %,ri!- #"ri!- h",rs/
pr"3i%e% the0 ca! per&"r+ their %,ties i! this p"siti"! #ith",t
%etri+e!t t" e&&icie!c0C
(b* T" establish separate t"ilet r""+s a!% la3at"ries &"r +e! a!%
#"+e! a!% pr"3i%e at least a %ressi!- r""+ &"r #"+e!C
(c* T" establish a !,rser0 i! a #"rplace &"r the be!e&it "& the #"+e!
e+pl"0ees therei!C a!%
(%* T" %eter+i!e appr"priate +i!i+,+ a-e a!% "ther sta!%ar%s &"r
retire+e!t "r ter+i!ati"! i! special "cc,pati"!s s,ch as th"se "&
&li-ht atte!%a!ts a!% the lie.
ART. 1... +aternity leave benefits. - (a* E3er0 e+pl"0er shall -ra!t
t" a!0 pre-!a!t #"+a! e+pl"0ee #h" has re!%ere% a! a--re-ate
ser3ice "& at least si' ()* +"!ths &"r the last t#el3e (1$* +"!ths/
+ater!it0 lea3e "& at least t#" ($* #ees pri"r t" the e'pecte% %ate "&
%eli3er0 a!% a!"ther &",r (5* #ees a&ter !"r+al %eli3er0 "r ab"rti"!
#ith &,ll pa0 base% "! her re-,lar "r a3era-e #eel0 #a-es. The
e+pl"0er +a0 re1,ire &r"+ a!0 #"+a! e+pl"0ee appl0i!- &"r
+ater!it0 lea3e the pr"%,cti"! "& a +e%ical certi&icate stati!- that
%eli3er0 #ill pr"babl0 tae place #ithi! t#" #ees.
(b* The +ater!it0 lea3e shall be e'te!%e% #ith",t pa0 "! acc",!t "&
ill!ess +e%icall0 certi&ie% t" arise ",t "& the pre-!a!c0/ %eli3er0/
ab"rti"! "r +iscarria-e/ #hich re!%ers the #"+a! ,!&it &"r #"r/
,!less she has ear!e% ,!,se% lea3e cre%its &r"+ #hich s,ch e'te!%e%
lea3e +a0 be char-e%.
(c* The +ater!it0 lea3e pr"3i%e% i! this Article shall be pai% b0 the
e+pl"0er "!l0 &"r the &irst &",r (5* %eli3eries b0 a #"+a! e+pl"0ee
a&ter the e&&ecti3it0 "& this C"%e.
Article 1.5. *amily Planning $ervices2 #ncentives for *amily Planning.
- (a* Establish+e!ts #hich are re1,ire% b0 la# t" +ai!tai! a cli!ic "r
i!&ir+ar0 shall pr"3i%e &ree &a+il0 pla!!i!- ser3ices t" their e+pl"0ees
#hich shall i!cl,%e/ b,t !"t be li+ite% t"/ the applicati"! "r ,se "&
c"!tracepti3e pills a!% i!tra,teri!e %e3ices.

(b* I! c""r%i!ati"! #ith "ther a-e!cies "& the -"3er!+e!t e!-a-e% i!
the pr"+"ti"! "& &a+il0 pla!!i!-/ the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t shall %e3el"p a!% prescribe i!ce!ti3e b"!,s sche+es t"
e!c",ra-e &a+il0 pla!!i!- a+"!- &e+ale #"rers i! a!0 establish+e!t
"r e!terprise.

Article 1.6. Discrimination Prohibited. ; It shall be ,!la#&,l &"r a!0
e+pl"0er t" %iscri+i!ate a-ai!st a!0 #"+a! e+pl"0ee #ith respect t"
ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t s"lel0 "! acc",!t "& her se'.

The &"ll"#i!- are acts "& %iscri+i!ati"!B

(a* Pa0+e!t "& a lesser c"+pe!sati"!/ i!cl,%i!- #a-e/ salar0 "r "ther
&"r+ "& re+,!erati"! a!% &ri!-e be!e&its/ t" a &e+ale e+pl"0ee as
a-ai!st a +ale e+pl"0ee/ &"r #"r "& e1,al 3al,eC a!%

(b* :a3"ri!- a +ale e+pl"0ee "3er a &e+ale e+pl"0ee #ith respect t"
pr"+"ti"!/ trai!i!- "pp"rt,!ities/ st,%0 a!% sch"larship -ra!ts s"lel0
"! acc",!t "& their se'es.

Cri+i!al liabilit0 &"r the #ill&,l c"++issi"! "& a!0 ,!la#&,l act as
pr"3i%e% i! this Article "r a!0 3i"lati"! "& the r,les a!% re-,lati"!s
iss,e% p,rs,a!t t" Secti"! $ here"& shall be pe!ali2e% as pr"3i%e% i!
Articles $<< a!% $<9 "& this C"%eB Provided3 That the i!stit,ti"! "& a!0
cri+i!al acti"! ,!%er this pr"3isi"! shall !"t bar the a--rie3e%
e+pl"0ee &r"+ &ili!- a! e!tirel0 separate a!% %isti!ct acti"! &"r +"!e0
clai+s/ #hich +a0 i!cl,%e clai+s &"r %a+a-es a!% "ther a&&ir+ati3e
relie&s. The acti"!s hereb0 a,th"ri2e% shall pr"cee% i!%epe!%e!tl0 "&
each "ther. (As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N". )7$6/ Ma0 1$/ 19<9*.

Article 1.7. Prohibited Acts. ; (a* It shall be ,!la#&,l &"r a!0 e+pl"0erB

(1* T" %e!0 a!0 #"+a! e+pl"0ee the be!e&its pr"3i%e% &"r i! this
Chapter "r t" %ischar-e a!0 #"+a! e+pl"0e% b0 hi+ &"r the p,rp"se "&
pre3e!ti!- her &r"+ e!4"0i!- a!0 "& the be!e&its pr"3i%e% ,!%er this
C"%eC

($* T" %ischar-e s,ch #"+a! "! acc",!t "& her pre-!a!c0/ "r #hile "!
lea3e "r i! c"!&i!e+e!t %,e t" her pre-!a!c0C

(.* T" %ischar-e "r re&,se the a%+issi"! "& s,ch #"+a! ,p"! ret,r!i!-
t" her #"r &"r &ear that she +a0 a-ai! be pre-!a!t.

Article 1.<. Classification of Certain &omen &or"ers. ; A!0 #"+a!
#h" is per+itte% "r s,&&ere% t" #"r/ #ith "r #ith",t c"+pe!sati"!/ i!
a!0 !i-ht cl,b/ c"ctail l",!-e/ +assa-e cli!ic/ bar "r si+ilar
establish+e!ts ,!%er the e&&ecti3e c"!tr"l "r s,per3isi"! "& the
e+pl"0er &"r a s,bsta!tial peri"% "& ti+e as %eter+i!e% b0 the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ shall be c"!si%ere% as a!
e+pl"0ee "& s,ch establish+e!t &"r p,rp"ses "& lab"r a!% s"cial
le-islati"!.

Chapter II
EMPLOYMENT O: MINORS

Article 1.9. +inimum (mployable Age. - (a* N" chil% bel"# &i&tee! (16*
0ears "& a-e shall be e+pl"0e%/ e'cept #he! he #"rs %irectl0 ,!%er the
s"le resp"!sibilit0 "& his pare!ts "r -,ar%ia!/ a!% his e+pl"0+e!t %"es
!"t i! a!0 #a0 i!ter&ere #ith his sch""li!-.

(b* A!0 pers"! bet#ee! &i&tee! (16* a!% ei-htee! (1<* 0ears "& a-e +a0
be e+pl"0e% &"r s,ch !,+ber "& h",rs a!% s,ch peri"%s "& the %a0 as
%eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t i! appr"priate
re-,lati"!s.

(c* The &"re-"i!- pr"3isi"!s shall i! !" case all"# the e+pl"0+e!t "& a
pers"! bel"# ei-htee! (1<* 0ears "& a-e i! a! ,!%ertai!- #hich is
ha2ar%",s "r %eleteri",s i! !at,re as %eter+i!e% b0 the Secretar0 "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t.

Article 158. Prohibition Against Child Discrimination. - N" e+pl"0er
shall %iscri+i!ate a-ai!st a!0 pers"! i! respect t" ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s
"& e+pl"0+e!t "! acc",!t "& his a-e.

Chapter III
EMPLOYMENT O: FODSEFELPERS

Article 151. Coverage. - This Chapter shall appl0 t" all pers"!s
re!%eri!- ser3ices i! h",seh"l%s &"r c"+pe!sati"!.

9Domestic or household service: shall +ea! ser3ice i! the e+pl"0er@s
h"+e #hich is ,s,all0 !ecessar0 "r %esirable &"r the +ai!te!a!ce a!%
e!4"0+e!t there"& a!% i!cl,%es +i!isteri!- t" the pers"!al c"+&"rt
a!% c"!3e!ie!ce "& the +e+bers "& the e+pl"0er@s h",seh"l%/
i!cl,%i!- ser3ices "& &a+il0 %ri3ers.

Article 15$. Contract of Domestic $ervice. ; The "ri-i!al c"!tract "&
%"+estic ser3ice shall !"t last &"r +"re tha! t#" ($* 0ears b,t it +a0 be
re!e#e% &"r s,ch peri"%s as +a0 be a-ree% ,p"! b0 the parties.

Article 15.. +inimum &age. ; (a* F",sehelpers shall be pai% the
&"ll"#i!- +i!i+,+ #a-e ratesB

(1* Ei-ht h,!%re% pes"s (P<88.88* a +"!th &"r h",sehelpers i! Ma!ila/
H,e2"!/ Pasa0/ a!% Cal""ca! cities a!% +,!icipalities "& Maati/ Sa!
G,a!/ Ma!%al,0"!-/ M,!ti!l,pa/ Na3"tas/ Malab"!/ Para!a1,e/ Las
PiIas/ Pasi-/ Marii!a/ Vale!2,ela/ Ta-,i- a!% Pater"s i! Metr" Ma!ila
a!% i! hi-hl0 ,rba!i2e% citiesC

($* Si' h,!%re% &i&t0 pes"s (P)68.88* a +"!th &"r th"se i! "ther
chartere% cities a!% &irst-class +,!icipalitiesC a!%

(.* :i3e h,!%re% &i&t0 pes"s (P668.88* a +"!th &"r th"se i! "ther
+,!icipalities.

Provided3 That the e+pl"0ers shall re3ie# the e+pl"0+e!t c"!tracts "&
their h",sehelpers e3er0 three (.* 0ears #ith the e!% i! 3ie# "&
i+pr"3i!- the ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s there"&.

Provided3 further3 That th"se h",sehelpers #h" are recei3i!- at least
O!e th",sa!% pes"s (P1/888.88* shall be c"3ere% b0 the S"cial Sec,rit0
S0ste+ (SSS* a!% be e!title% t" all the be!e&its pr"3i%e% there,!%er.
(As a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N". 7)66/ A,-,st 19/ 199.*.

Article 155. +inimum Cash &age. ; The +i!i+,+ #a-e rates
prescribe% ,!%er this Chapter shall be the basic cash #a-es #hich shall
be pai% t" the h",sehelpers i! a%%iti"! t" l"%-i!-/ &""% a!% +e%ical
atte!%a!ce.

Article 156. Assignment to Non5ousehold &or". ; N" h",sehelper
shall be assi-!e% t" #"r i! a c"++ercial/ i!%,strial "r a-ric,lt,ral
e!terprise at a #a-e "r salar0 rate l"#er tha! that pr"3i%e% &"r
a-ric,lt,ral "r !"!-a-ric,lt,ral #"rers as prescribe% herei!.

Article 15). 'pportunity for (ducation. ; I& the h",sehelper is ,!%er
the a-e "& ei-htee! (1<* 0ears/ the e+pl"0er shall -i3e hi+ "r her a!
"pp"rt,!it0 &"r at least ele+e!tar0 e%,cati"!. The c"st "& e%,cati"!
shall be part "& the h",sehelper@s c"+pe!sati"!/ ,!less there is a
stip,lati"! t" the c"!trar0.

Article 157. Treatment of 5ousehelpers. ; The e+pl"0er shall treat the
h",sehelper i! a 4,st a!% h,+a!e +a!!er. I! !" case shall ph0sical
3i"le!ce be ,se% ,p"! the h",sehelper.

Article 15<. )oard3 Lodging3 and +edical Attendance. ; The e+pl"0er
shall &,r!ish the h",sehelper/ &ree "& char-e/ s,itable a!% sa!itar0 li3i!-
1,arters as #ell as a%e1,ate &""% a!% +e%ical atte!%a!ce.

Article 159. #ndemnity for 6n%ust Termination of $ervices. ; I& the
peri"% "& h",seh"l% ser3ice is &i'e%/ !either the e+pl"0er !"r the
h",sehelper +a0 ter+i!ate the c"!tract be&"re the e'pirati"! "& the
ter+/ e'cept &"r a 4,st ca,se. I& the h",sehelper is ,!4,stl0 %is+isse%/
he "r she shall be pai% the c"+pe!sati"! alrea%0 ear!e% pl,s that &"r
&i&tee! (16* %a0s b0 #a0 "& i!%e+!it0.

I& the h",sehelper lea3es #ith",t 4,sti&iable reas"!/ he "r she shall
&"r&eit a!0 ,!pai% salar0 %,e hi+ "r her !"t e'cee%i!- &i&tee! (16* %a0s.

Article 168. $ervice of Termination Notice. ; I& the %,rati"! "& the
h",seh"l% ser3ice is !"t %eter+i!e% either i! stip,lati"! "r b0 the
!at,re "& the ser3ice/ the e+pl"0er "r the h",sehelper +a0 -i3e !"tice
t" p,t a! e!% t" the relati"!ship &i3e (6* %a0s be&"re the i!te!%e%
ter+i!ati"! "& the ser3ice.

Article 161. (mployment Certification. ; Dp"! the se3era!ce "& the
h",seh"l% ser3ice relati"!/ the e+pl"0er shall -i3e the h",sehelper a
#ritte! state+e!t "& the !at,re a!% %,rati"! "& the ser3ice a!% his "r
her e&&icie!c0 a!% c"!%,ct as h",sehelper.

Article 16$. (mployment Record. ; The e+pl"0er +a0 eep s,ch
rec"r%s as he +a0 %ee+ !ecessar0 t" re&lect the act,al ter+s a!%
c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t "& his h",sehelper/ #hich the latter shall
a,the!ticate b0 si-!at,re "r th,+b+ar ,p"! re1,est "& the e+pl"0er.

Chapter IV
EMPLOYMENT O: FOMEEORAERS

Article 16.. Regulation of #ndustrial 5ome!or"ers. - The e+pl"0+e!t
"& i!%,strial h"+e#"rers a!% &iel% pers"!!el shall be re-,late% b0 the
-"3er!+e!t thr",-h the appr"priate re-,lati"!s iss,e% b0 the Secretar0
"& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t t" e!s,re the -e!eral #el&are a!% pr"tecti"!
"& h"+e#"rers a!% &iel% pers"!!el a!% the i!%,stries e+pl"0i!-
the+.

Article 165. Regulations of $ecretary of Labor. ; The re-,lati"!s "r
"r%ers t" be iss,e% p,rs,a!t t" this Chapter shall be %esi-!e% t" ass,re
the +i!i+,+ ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t applicable t" the
i!%,strial h"+e#"rers "r &iel% pers"!!el i!3"l3e%.

Article 166. Distribution of 5ome!or". ; :"r p,rp"ses "& this Chapter/
the 9employer: "& h"+e#"rers i!cl,%es a!0 pers"!/ !at,ral "r
arti&icial #h"/ &"r his acc",!t "r be!e&it/ "r "! behal& "& a!0 pers"!
resi%i!- ",tsi%e the c",!tr0/ %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0/ "r thr",-h a!
e+pl"0ee/ a-e!t c"!tract"r/ s,b-c"!tract"r "r a!0 "ther pers"!B

(1* Deli3ers/ "r ca,ses t" be %eli3ere%/ a!0 -""%s/ articles "r +aterials t"
be pr"cesse% "r &abricate% i! "r ab",t a h"+e a!% therea&ter t" be
ret,r!e% "r t" be %isp"se% "& "r %istrib,te% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith his
%irecti"!sC "r

($* Sells a!0 -""%s/ articles "r +aterials t" be pr"cesse% "r &abricate% i!
"r ab",t a h"+e a!% the! reb,0s the+ a&ter s,ch pr"cessi!- "r
&abricati"!/ either b0 hi+sel& "r thr",-h s"+e "ther pers"!.

=OOA :ODR
FEALTF/ SA:ETY
AND SOCIAL EEL:ARE =ENE:ITS

Title I
MEDICAL/ DENTAL
AND OCCDPATIONAL SA:ETY

Chapter I
MEDICAL AND DENTAL SERVICES

Article 16). *irstAid Treatment. ; E3er0 e+pl"0er shall eep i! his
establish+e!t s,ch &irst-ai% +e%ici!es a!% e1,ip+e!t as the !at,re
a!% c"!%iti"!s "& #"r +a0 re1,ire/ i! acc"r%a!ce #ith s,ch
re-,lati"!s as the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t shall
prescribe.

The e+pl"0er shall tae steps &"r the trai!i!- "& a s,&&icie!t !,+ber "&
e+pl"0ees i! &irst-ai% treat+e!t.

Article 167. (mergency +edical and Dental $ervices. ; It shall be the
%,t0 "& e3er0 e+pl"0er t" &,r!ish his e+pl"0ees i! a!0 l"calit0 #ith &ree
+e%ical a!% %e!tal atte!%a!ce a!% &acilities c"!sisti!- "&B

(a* The ser3ices "& a &,ll-ti+e re-istere% !,rse #he! the !,+ber "&
e+pl"0ees e'cee%s &i&t0 (68* b,t !"t +"re tha! t#" h,!%re% ($88*
e'cept #he! the e+pl"0er %"es !"t +ai!tai! ha2ar%",s #"rplaces/ i!
#hich case/ the ser3ices "& a -ra%,ate &irst-ai%er shall be pr"3i%e% &"r
the pr"tecti"! "& #"rers/ #here !" re-istere% !,rse is a3ailable. The
Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t shall pr"3i%e b0 appr"priate
re-,lati"!s/ the ser3ices that shall be re1,ire% #here the !,+ber "&
e+pl"0ees %"es !"t e'cee% &i&t0 (68* a!% shall %eter+i!e b0 appr"priate
"r%er/ ha2ar%",s #"rplaces &"r p,rp"ses "& this ArticleC

(b* The ser3ices "& a &,ll-ti+e re-istere% !,rse/ a part-ti+e ph0sicia!
a!% %e!tist/ a!% a! e+er-e!c0 cli!ic/ #he! the !,+ber "& e+pl"0ees
e'cee%s t#" h,!%re% ($88* b,t !"t +"re tha! three h,!%re% (.88*C
a!%

(c* The ser3ices "& a &,ll-ti+e ph0sicia!/ %e!tist a!% a &,ll-ti+e
re-istere% !,rse as #ell as a %e!tal cli!ic a!% a! i!&ir+ar0 "r
e+er-e!c0 h"spital #ith "!e be% capacit0 &"r e3er0 "!e h,!%re% (188*
e+pl"0ees #he! the !,+ber "& e+pl"0ees e'cee%s three h,!%re%
(.88*.

I! cases "& ha2ar%",s #"rplaces/ !" e+pl"0er shall e!-a-e the ser3ices
"& a ph0sicia! "r a %e!tist #h" ca!!"t sta0 i! the pre+ises "& the
establish+e!t &"r at least t#" ($* h",rs/ i! the case "& th"se e!-a-e% "!
part-ti+e basis/ a!% !"t less tha! ei-ht (<* h",rs/ i! the case "& th"se
e+pl"0e% "! &,ll-ti+e basis. Ehere the ,!%ertai!- is !"!-ha2ar%",s
i! !at,re/ the ph0sicia! a!% %e!tist +a0 be e!-a-e% "! retai!er basis/
s,b4ect t" s,ch re-,lati"!s as the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t
+a0 prescribe t" i!s,re i++e%iate a3ailabilit0 "& +e%ical a!% %e!tal
treat+e!t a!% atte!%a!ce i! case "& e+er-e!c0. (As a+e!%e% b0
Secti"! $)/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 678-A/ N"3e+ber 1/ 1975*.

Article 16<. &hen (mergency 5ospital Not [Link]. ; The
re1,ire+e!t &"r a! e+er-e!c0 h"spital "r %e!tal cli!ic shall !"t be
applicable i! case there is a h"spital "r %e!tal cli!ic #hich is accessible
&r"+ the e+pl"0er@s establish+e!t a!% he +aes arra!-e+e!t &"r the
reser3ati"! therei! "& the !ecessar0 be%s a!% %e!tal &acilities &"r the ,se
"& his e+pl"0ees.

Article 169. 5ealth Program. ; The ph0sicia! e!-a-e% b0 a! e+pl"0er
shall/ i! a%%iti"! t" his %,ties ,!%er this Chapter/ %e3el"p a!%
i+ple+e!t a c"+prehe!si3e "cc,pati"!al health pr"-ra+ &"r the
be!e&it "& the e+pl"0ees "& his e+pl"0er.

Article 1)8. 4ualifications of 5ealth Personnel. ; The ph0sicia!s/
%e!tists a!% !,rses e+pl"0e% b0 e+pl"0ers p,rs,a!t t" this Chapter
shall ha3e the !ecessar0 trai!i!- i! i!%,strial +e%ici!e a!%
"cc,pati"!al sa&et0 a!% health. The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t/ i! c"!s,ltati"! #ith i!%,strial/ +e%ical/ a!% "cc,pati"!al
sa&et0 a!% health ass"ciati"!s/ shall establish the 1,ali&icati"!s/ criteria
a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t "& s,ch health pers"!!el.

ART. 1)1. Assistance of employer. - It shall be the %,t0 "& a!0
e+pl"0er t" pr"3i%e all the !ecessar0 assista!ce t" e!s,re the
a%e1,ate a!% i++e%iate +e%ical a!% %e!tal atte!%a!ce a!%
treat+e!t t" a! i!4,re% "r sic e+pl"0ee i! case "& e+er-e!c0.

Chapter II
OCCDPATIONAL FEALTF AND SA:ETY

ART. 1)$. $afety and health standards. - The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t shall/ b0 appr"priate "r%ers/ set a!% e!&"rce +a!%at"r0
"cc,pati"!al sa&et0 a!% health sta!%ar%s t" eli+i!ate "r re%,ce
"cc,pati"!al sa&et0 a!% health ha2ar%s i! all #"rplaces a!% i!stit,te
!e#/ a!% ,p%ate e'isti!-/ pr"-ra+s t" e!s,re sa&e a!% health&,l
#"ri!- c"!%iti"!s i! all places "& e+pl"0+e!t.
ART. 1).. Research. - It shall be the resp"!sibilit0 "& the Depart+e!t
"& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t t" c"!%,ct c"!ti!,i!- st,%ies a!%
research t" %e3el"p i!!"3ati3e +eth"%s/ tech!i1,es a!% appr"aches
&"r %eali!- #ith "cc,pati"!al sa&et0 a!% health pr"ble+sC t" %isc"3er
late!t %iseases b0 establishi!- ca,sal c"!!ecti"!s bet#ee! %iseases
a!% #"r i! e!3ir"!+e!tal c"!%iti"!sC a!% t" %e3el"p +e%ical
criteria #hich #ill ass,re i!s"&ar as practicable that !" e+pl"0ee #ill
s,&&er i+pair+e!t "r %i+i!,ti"! i! health/ &,!cti"!al capacit0/ "r li&e
e'pecta!c0 as a res,lt "& his #"r a!% #"ri!- c"!%iti"!s.
ART. 1)5. Training programs. - The Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t shall %e3el"p a!% i+ple+e!t trai!i!- pr"-ra+s t"
i!crease the !,+ber a!% c"+pete!ce "& pers"!!el i! the &iel% "&
"cc,pati"!al sa&et0 a!% i!%,strial health.
ART. 1)6. Administration of safety and health la!s. - (a* The
Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t shall be s"lel0 resp"!sible &"r
the a%+i!istrati"! a!% e!&"rce+e!t "& "cc,pati"!al sa&et0 a!% health
la#s/ re-,lati"!s a!% sta!%ar%s i! all establish+e!ts a!% #"rplaces
#here3er the0 +a0 be l"cate%C h"#e3er/ chartere% cities +a0 be
all"#e% t" c"!%,ct i!%,strial sa&et0 i!specti"!s "& establish+e!ts
#ithi! their respecti3e 4,ris%icti"!s #here the0 ha3e a%e1,ate
&acilities a!% c"+pete!t pers"!!el &"r the p,rp"se as %eter+i!e% b0
the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t a!% s,b4ect t" !ati"!al
sta!%ar%s establishe% b0 the latter. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(b* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0/ thr",-h
appr"priate re-,lati"!s/ c"llect reas"!able &ees &"r the i!specti"! "&
stea+ b"ilers/ press,re 3essels a!% pipi!-s a!% electrical
i!stallati"!s/ the test a!% appr"3al &"r sa&e ,se "& +aterials/
e1,ip+e!t a!% "ther sa&et0 %e3ices a!% the appr"3al "& pla!s &"r
s,ch +aterials/ e1,ip+e!t a!% %e3ices. The &ee s" c"llecte% shall be
%ep"site% i! the !ati"!al treas,r0 t" the cre%it "& the "cc,pati"!al
sa&et0 a!% health &,!% a!% shall be e'pe!%e% e'cl,si3el0 &"r the
a%+i!istrati"! a!% e!&"rce+e!t "& sa&et0 a!% "ther lab"r la#s
a%+i!istere% b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t.

Title II
EMPLOYEES@ COMPENSATION
AND STATE INSDRANCE :DND
Chapter I
POLICY AND DE:INITIONS

ART. 1)). Policy. - The State shall pr"+"te a!% %e3el"p a ta'-e'e+pt
e+pl"0ees@ c"+pe!sati"! pr"-ra+ #hereb0 e+pl"0ees a!% their
%epe!%e!ts/ i! the e3e!t "& #"r-c"!!ecte% %isabilit0 "r %eath/ +a0
pr"+ptl0 sec,re a%e1,ate i!c"+e be!e&it a!% +e%ical relate%
be!e&its.
ART. 1)7. Definition of terms. - As ,se% i! this Title/ ,!less the
c"!te't i!%icates "ther#iseB
(a* "Code" +ea!s the Lab"r C"%e "& the Philippi!es i!stit,te% ,!%er
Presi%e!tial Decree N,+bere% &",r h,!%re% &"rt0-t#"/ as a+e!%e%.
(b* "Commission" +ea!s the E+pl"0ees@ C"+pe!sati"! C"++issi"!
create% ,!%er this Title.
(c* "$$$" +ea!s the S"cial Sec,rit0 S0ste+ create% ,!%er Rep,blic
Act N,+bere% Ele3e! h,!%re% si't0-"!e/ as a+e!%e%.
(%* ";$#$" +ea!s the G"3er!+e!t Ser3ice I!s,ra!ce S0ste+ create%
,!%er C"++"!#ealth Act N,+bere% O!e h,!%re% ei-ht0-si'/ as
a+e!%e%.
(e* "$ystem" +ea!s the SSS "r GSIS/ as the case +a0 be.
(&* "(mployer" +ea!s a!0 pers"!/ !at,ral "r 4,ri%ical/ e+pl"0i!- the
ser3ices "& the e+pl"0ee.
(-* "(mployee" +ea!s a!0 pers"! c"+p,ls"ril0 c"3ere% b0 the GSIS
,!%er C"++"!#ealth Act N,+bere% O!e h,!%re% ei-ht0-si'/ as
a+e!%e%/ i!cl,%i!- the +e+bers "& the Ar+e% :"rces "& the
Philippi!es/ a!% a!0 pers"! e+pl"0e% as cas,al/ e+er-e!c0/
te+p"rar0/ s,bstit,te "r c"!tract,al/ "r a!0 pers"! c"+p,ls"ril0
c"3ere% b0 the SSS ,!%er Rep,blic Act N,+bere% Ele3e! h,!%re%
si't0-"!e/ as a+e!%e%.
(h* "Person" +ea!s a!0 i!%i3i%,al/ part!ership/ &ir+/ ass"ciati"!/
tr,st/ c"rp"rati"! "r le-al represe!tati3e there"&.
(i* "Dependent" +ea!s the le-iti+ate/ le-iti+ate% "r le-all0 a%"pte%
"r ac!"#le%-e% !at,ral chil% #h" is ,!+arrie%/ !"t -ai!&,ll0
e+pl"0e%/ a!% !"t "3er t#e!t0-"!e ($1* 0ears "& a-e "r "3er t#e!t0-
"!e ($1* 0ears "& a-e pr"3i%e% he is i!capacitate% a!% i!capable "&
sel&-s,pp"rt %,e t" a ph0sical "r +e!tal %e&ect #hich is c"!-e!ital "r
ac1,ire% %,ri!- +i!"rit0C the le-iti+ate sp",se li3i!- #ith the
e+pl"0ee a!% the pare!ts "& sai% e+pl"0ee #h"ll0 %epe!%e!t ,p"!
hi+ &"r re-,lar s,pp"rt. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(4* ")eneficiaries" +ea!s the %epe!%e!t sp",se ,!til he>she
re+arries a!% %epe!%e!t chil%re!/ #h" are the pri+ar0 be!e&iciaries.
I! their abse!ce/ the %epe!%e!t pare!ts a!% s,b4ect t" the
restricti"!s i+p"se% "! %epe!%e!t chil%re!/ the ille-iti+ate chil%re!
a!% le-iti+ate %esce!%a!ts/ #h" are the sec"!%ar0 be!e&iciariesB
Pr"3i%e%/ That the %epe!%e!t ac!"#le%-e% !at,ral chil% shall be
c"!si%ere% as a pri+ar0 be!e&iciar0 #he! there are !" "ther
%epe!%e!t chil%re! #h" are 1,ali&ie% a!% eli-ible &"r +"!thl0
i!c"+e be!e&it.
(* "#n%ury" +ea!s a!0 har+&,l cha!-e i! the h,+a! "r-a!is+ &r"+
a!0 acci%e!t arisi!- ",t "& a!% i! the c",rse "& the e+pl"0+e!t.
(l* "$ic"ness" +ea!s a!0 ill!ess %e&i!itel0 accepte% as a!
"cc,pati"!al %isease liste% b0 the C"++issi"!/ "r a!0 ill!ess ca,se%
b0 e+pl"0+e!t s,b4ect t" pr""& that the ris "& c"!tracti!- the sa+e
is i!crease% b0 #"ri!- c"!%iti"!s. :"r this p,rp"se/ the C"++issi"!
is e+p"#ere% t" %eter+i!e a!% appr"3e "cc,pati"!al %iseases a!%
#"r-relate% ill!esses that +a0 be c"!si%ere% c"+pe!sable base% "!
pec,liar ha2ar%s "& e+pl"0+e!t.
(+* "Death" +ea!s l"ss "& li&e res,lti!- &r"+ i!4,r0 "r sic!ess.
(!* "Disability" +ea!s l"ss "r i+pair+e!t "& a ph0sical "r +e!tal
&,!cti"! res,lti!- &r"+ i!4,r0 "r sic!ess.
("* "Compensation" +ea!s all pa0+e!ts +a%e ,!%er this Title &"r
i!c"+e be!e&its a!% +e%ical "r relate% be!e&its.
(p* "#ncome benefit" +ea!s all pa0+e!ts +a%e ,!%er this Title t" the
pr"3i%ers "& +e%ical care/ rehabilitati"! ser3ices a!% h"spital care.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(1* "+edical benefit" +ea!s all pa0+e!ts +a%e ,!%er this Title t" the
pr"3i%ers "& +e%ical care/ rehabilitati"! ser3ices a!% h"spital care.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(r* "Related benefit" +ea!s all pa0+e!ts +a%e ,!%er this Title &"r
applia!ces a!% s,pplies.
(s* "Appliances" +ea!s cr,tches/ arti&icial ai%s a!% "ther si+ilar
%e3ices.
(t* "$upplies" +ea!s +e%ici!e a!% "ther +e%ical/ %e!tal "r s,r-ical
ite+s.
(,* "5ospital" +ea!s a!0 +e%ical &acilit0/ -"3er!+e!t "r pri3ate/
a,th"ri2e% b0 la#/ a! acti3e +e+ber i! -""% sta!%i!- "& the
Philippi!e F"spital Ass"ciati"! a!% accre%ite% b0 the C"++issi"!.
(3* "Physician" +ea!s a!0 %"ct"r "& +e%ici!e %,l0 lice!se% t"
practice i! the Philippi!es/ a! acti3e +e+ber i! -""% sta!%i!- "& the
Philippi!e Me%ical Ass"ciati"! a!% accre%ite% b0 the C"++issi"!.
(#* "&ages" "r "$alary"/ i!s"&ar as the0 re&er t" the c"+p,tati"! "&
be!e&its %e&i!e% i! Rep,blic Act N". 11)1/ as a+e!%e%/ &"r SSS a!%
Presi%e!tial Decree N". 115)/ as a+e!%e%/ &"r GSIS/ respecti3el0/
e'cept that part i! e'cess "& Three Th",sa!% Pes"s.
('* "+onthly salary credit" +ea!s the #a-e "r salar0 base &"r
c"!trib,ti"!s as pr"3i%e% i! Rep,blic Act N,+bere% Ele3e! h,!%re%
si't0-"!e/ as a+e!%e%/ "r the #a-es "r salar0.
(0* "Average monthly salary credit" i! the case "& the SSS +ea!s the
res,lt "btai!e% b0 %i3i%i!- the s,+ "& the +"!thl0 salar0 cre%its i!
the si't0-+"!th peri"% i++e%iatel0 &"ll"#i!- the se+ester "& %eath
"r per+a!e!t %isabilit0 b0 si't0 ()8*/ e'cept #here the +"!th "&
%eath "r per+a!e!t %isabilit0 &alls #ithi! ei-htee! (1<* cale!%ar
+"!ths &r"+ the +"!th "& c"3era-e/ i! #hich case/ it is the res,lt
"btai!e% b0 %i3i%i!- the s,+ "& all +"!thl0 salar0 cre%its pai% pri"r
t" the +"!th "& c"!ti!-e!c0 b0 the t"tal !,+ber "& cale!%ar +"!ths
"& c"3era-e i! the sa+e peri"%. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(2* "Average daily salary credit" i! the case "& the SSS +ea!s the
res,lt "btai!e% b0 %i3i%i!- the s,+ "& the si' ()* hi-hest +"!thl0
salar0 cre%its i! the t#el3e-+"!th peri"% i++e%iatel0 prece%i!- the
se+ester "& sic!ess "r i!4,r0 b0 "!e h,!%re% ei-ht0 (1<8*/ e'cept
#here the +"!th "& i!4,r0 &alls #ithi! t#el3e (1$* cale!%ar +"!ths
&r"+ the &irst +"!th "& c"3era-e/ i! #hich case it is the res,lt
"btai!e% b0 %i3i%i!- the s,+ "& all +"!thl0 salar0 cre%its b0 thirt0
(.8* ti+es the !,+ber "& cale!%ar +"!ths "& c"3era-e i! the peri"%.
I! the case "& the GSIS/ the a3era-e %ail0 salar0 cre%it shall be the
act,al %ail0 salar0 "r #a-e/ "r the +"!thl0 salar0 "r #a-e %i3i%e% b0
the act,al !,+ber "& #"ri!- %a0s "& the +"!th "& c"!ti!-e!c0.
(aa* "4uarter" +ea!s a peri"% "& three (.* c"!sec,ti3e +"!ths
e!%i!- "! the last %a0s "& March/ G,!e/ Septe+ber a!% Dece+ber.
(bb* "$emester" +ea!s a peri"% "& t#" c"!sec,ti3e 1,arters e!%i!- i!
the 1,arter "& %eath/ per+a!e!t %isabilit0/ i!4,r0 "r sic!ess.
(cc* "Replacement ratio" - The s,+ "& t#e!t0 perce!t a!% the
1,"tie!t "btai!e% b0 %i3i%i!- three h,!%re% b0 the s,+ "& three
h,!%re% &"rt0 a!% the a3era-e +"!thl0 salar0 cre%it.
(%%* "Credited years of service" - :"r a +e+ber c"3ere% pri"r t"
Ga!,ar0/ 1976/ !i!etee! h,!%re% se3e!t0-&i3e +i!,s the cale!%ar
0ear "& c"3era-e/ pl,s the !,+ber "& cale!%ar 0ears i! #hich si' "r
+"re c"!trib,ti"!s ha3e bee! pai% &r"+ Ga!,ar0/ 1976 ,p t" the
cale!%ar 0ear c"!tai!i!- the se+ester pri"r t" the c"!ti!-e!c0. :"r a
+e+ber c"3ere% "! "r a&ter Ga!,ar0/ 1976/ the !,+ber "& cale!%ar
0ears i! #hich si' "r +"re c"!trib,ti"!s ha3e bee! pai% &r"+ the
0ear "& c"3era-e ,p t" the cale!%ar 0ear c"!tai!i!- the se+ester pri"r
t" the c"!ti!-e!c0.
(ee* "+onthly income benefit" +ea!s the a+",!t e1,i3ale!t t" "!e
h,!%re% &i&tee! perce!t "& the s,+ "& the a3era-e +"!thl0 salar0
cre%it +,ltiplie% b0 the replace+e!t rati"/ a!% "!e a!% a hal& perce!t
"& the a3era-e +"!thl0 salar0 cre%it &"r each cre%ite% 0ear "& ser3ice
i! e'cess "& te! 0earsB Pr"3i%e%/ That the +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it
shall i! !" case be less tha! t#" h,!%re% &i&t0 pes"s.

Chapter II
COVERAGE AND LIA=ILITY

ART. 1)<. Compulsory coverage. - C"3era-e i! the State I!s,ra!ce
:,!% shall be c"+p,ls"r0 ,p"! all e+pl"0ers a!% their e+pl"0ees
!"t "3er si't0 ()8* 0ears "& a-eB Pr"3i%e%/ That a! e+pl"0ee #h" is
"3er ()8* 0ears "& a-e a!% pa0i!- c"!trib,ti"!s t" 1,ali&0 &"r the
retire+e!t "r li&e i!s,ra!ce be!e&it a%+i!istere% b0 the S0ste+ shall
be s,b4ect t" c"+p,ls"r0 c"3era-e.
ART. 1)9. *oreign employment. - The C"++issi"! shall e!s,re
a%e1,ate c"3era-e "& :ilipi!" e+pl"0ees e+pl"0e% abr"a%/ s,b4ect t"
re-,lati"!s as it +a0 prescribe.
ART. 178. (ffective date of coverage. - C"+p,ls"r0 c"3era-e "& the
e+pl"0er %,ri!- the e&&ecti3it0 "& this Title shall tae e&&ect "! the
&irst %a0 "& his "perati"!/ a!% that "& the e+pl"0ee/ "! the %ate "& his
e+pl"0+e!t.
ART. 171. Registration. - Each e+pl"0er a!% his e+pl"0ees shall
re-ister #ith the S0ste+ i! acc"r%a!ce #ith its re-,lati"!s.
ART. 17$. Limitation of liability. - The State I!s,ra!ce :,!% shall be
liable &"r c"+pe!sati"! t" the e+pl"0ee "r his %epe!%e!ts/ e'cept
#he! the %isabilit0 "r %eath #as "ccasi"!e% b0 the e+pl"0ee@s
i!t"'icati"!/ #ill&,l i!te!ti"! t" i!4,re "r ill hi+sel& "r a!"ther/
!"t"ri",s !e-li-e!ce/ "r "ther#ise pr"3i%e% ,!%er this Title.
ART. 17.. (,tent of liability. - D!less "ther#ise pr"3i%e%/ the liabilit0
"& the State I!s,ra!ce :,!% ,!%er this Title shall be e'cl,si3e a!% i!
place "& all "ther liabilities "& the e+pl"0er t" the e+pl"0ee/ his
%epe!%e!ts "r a!0"!e "ther#ise e!title% t" recei3e %a+a-es "!
behal& "& the e+pl"0ee "r his %epe!%e!ts. The pa0+e!t "&
c"+pe!sati"! ,!%er this Title shall !"t bar the rec"3er0 "& be!e&its as
pr"3i%e% &"r i! Secti"! )99 "& the Re3ise% A%+i!istrati3e C"%e/
Rep,blic Act N,+bere% Ele3e! h,!%re% si't0-"!e/ as a+e!%e%/
Rep,blic Act N,+bere% :"rt0-ei-ht h,!%re% si't0-&",r as a+e!%e%/
a!% "ther la#s #h"se be!e&its are a%+i!istere% b0 the S0ste+ "r b0
"ther a-e!cies "& the -"3er!+e!t. (As a+e!%e% b0 Presi%e!tial Decree N". 19$1*.
ART. 175. Liability of third party/ies. - (a* Ehe! the %isabilit0 "r
%eath is ca,se% b0 circ,+sta!ces creati!- a le-al liabilit0 a-ai!st a
thir% part0/ the %isable% e+pl"0ee "r the %epe!%e!ts/ i! case "& his
%eath/ shall be pai% b0 the S0ste+ ,!%er this Title. I! case be!e&it is
pai% ,!%er this Title/ the S0ste+ shall be s,br"-ate% t" the ri-hts "&
the %isable% e+pl"0ee "r the %epe!%e!ts/ i! case "& his %eath/ i!
acc"r%a!ce #ith the -e!eral la#.
(b* Ehere the S0ste+ rec"3ers &r"+ s,ch thir% part0 %a+a-es i!
e'cess "& th"se pai% "r all"#e% ,!%er this Title/ s,ch e'cess shall be
%eli3ere% t" the %isable% e+pl"0ee "r "ther pers"!s e!title% theret"/
a&ter %e%,cti!- the c"st "& pr"cee%i!-s a!% e'pe!ses "& the S0ste+.
ART. 176. Deprivation of the benefits. - E'cept as "ther#ise pr"3i%e%
,!%er this Title/ !" c"!tract/ re-,lati"! "r %e3ice #hats"e3er shall
"perate t" %epri3e the e+pl"0ee "r his %epe!%e!ts "& a!0 part "& the
i!c"+e be!e&its a!% +e%ical "r relate% ser3ices -ra!te% ,!%er this
Title. E'isti!- +e%ical ser3ices bei!- pr"3i%e% b0 the e+pl"0er shall
be +ai!tai!e% a!% c"!ti!,e% t" be e!4"0e% b0 their e+pl"0ees.

Chapter III
ADMINISTRATION

ART. 17). (mployees7 Compensation Commission. - (a* T" i!itiate/
rati"!ali2e/ a!% c""r%i!ate the p"licies "& the e+pl"0ees@
c"+pe!sati"! pr"-ra+/ the E+pl"0ees@ C"+pe!sati"! C"++issi"!
is hereb0 create% t" be c"+p"se% "& &i3e e,officio +e+bers/ !a+el0B
the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t as Chair+a!/ the GSIS
Ge!eral Ma!a-er/ the SSS A%+i!istrat"r/ the Chair+a! "& the
Philippi!e Me%ical Care C"++issi"!/ a!% the E'ec,ti3e Direct"r "&
the ECC Secretariat/ a!% t#" app"i!ti3e +e+bers/ "!e "& #h"+ shall
represe!t the e+pl"0ees a!% the "ther/ the e+pl"0ers/ t" be
app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t "& the Philippi!es &"r a ter+ "& si' 0ears.
The app"i!ti3e +e+ber shall ha3e at least &i3e 0ears e'perie!ce i!
#"r+e!@s c"+pe!sati"! "r s"cial sec,rit0 pr"-ra+s. All 3aca!cies
shall be &ille% &"r the ,!e'pire% ter+ "!l0. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 19 JcK/
E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 1$)*.
(b* The Vice Chair+a! "& the C"++issi"! shall be alter!ate% each
0ear bet#ee! the GSIS Ge!eral Ma!a-er a!% the SSS A%+i!istrat"r.
The prese!ce "& &",r +e+bers shall c"!stit,te a 1,"r,+. Each
+e+ber shall recei3e a per diem "& t#" h,!%re% pes"s &"r e3er0
+eeti!- that is act,all0 atte!%e% b0 hi+/ e'cl,si3e "& act,al/ "r%i!ar0
a!% !ecessar0 tra3el a!% represe!tati"! e'pe!ses. I! his abse!ce/ a!0
+e+ber +a0 %esi-!ate a! "&&icial "& the i!stit,ti"! he ser3es "! &,ll-
ti+e basis as his represe!tati3e t" act i! his behal&. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"!
$/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1.)<*.
(c* The -e!eral c"!%,ct "& the "perati"!s a!% +a!a-e+e!t &,!cti"!s
"& the GSIS "r SSS ,!%er this Title shall be 3este% i! its respecti3e
chie& e'ec,ti3e "&&icers/ #h" shall be i++e%iatel0 resp"!sible &"r
carr0i!- ",t the p"licies "& the C"++issi"!.
(%* The C"++issi"! shall ha3e the stat,s a!% cate-"r0 "& a
-"3er!+e!t c"rp"rati"!/ a!% it is hereb0 %ee+e% attache% t" the
Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t &"r p"lic0 c""r%i!ati"! a!%
-,i%a!ce. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1.)<*.
ART. 177. Po!ers and duties. - The C"++issi"! shall ha3e the
&"ll"#i!- p"#ers a!% %,tiesB
(a* T" assess a!% &i' a rate "& c"!trib,ti"! &r"+ all e+pl"0ersC
(b* T" %eter+i!e the rate "& c"!trib,ti"! pa0able b0 a! e+pl"0er
#h"se rec"r%s sh"# a hi-h &re1,e!c0 "& #"r acci%e!ts "r
"cc,pati"!al %iseases %,e t" &ail,re b0 the sai% e+pl"0er t" "bser3e
a%e1,ate sa&et0 +eas,resC
(c* T" appr"3e r,les a!% re-,lati"!s -"3er!i!- the pr"cessi!- "&
clai+s a!% the settle+e!t "& %isp,tes arisi!- there&r"+ as prescribe%
b0 the S0ste+C
(%* T" i!itiate p"licies a!% pr"-ra+s t"#ar% a%e1,ate "cc,pati"!al
health a!% sa&et0 a!% acci%e!t pre3e!ti"! i! the #"ri!-
e!3ir"!+e!t/ rehabilitati"! "ther tha! th"se pr"3i%e% &"r ,!%er
Article 198 here"&/ a!% "ther relate% pr"-ra+s a!% acti3ities/ a!% t"
appr"priate &,!%s there&"rC (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./ Presi%e!tial Decree N".
1.)<*.
(e* T" +ae the !ecessar0 act,arial st,%ies a!% calc,lati"!s
c"!cer!i!- the -ra!t "& c"!sta!t help a!% i!c"+e be!e&its &"r
per+a!e!t %isabilit0 "r %eath a!% the rati"!ali2ati"! "& the be!e&its
&"r per+a!e!t %isabilit0 a!% %eath ,!%er the Title #ith be!e&its
pa0able b0 the S0ste+ &"r si+ilar c"!ti!-e!ciesB Pr"3i%e%/ That the
C"++issi"! +a0 ,p-ra%e be!e&its a!% a%% !e# "!es s,b4ect t"
appr"3al "& the Presi%e!tB a!% Pr"3i%e%/ &,rther/ That the act,arial
stabilit0 "& the State I!s,ra!ce :,!% shall be -,ara!tee%B Pr"3i%e%/
&i!all0/ That s,ch i!creases i! be!e&its shall !"t re1,ire a!0 i!creases
i! c"!trib,ti"!/ e'cept as pr"3i%e% &"r i! para-raph (b* here"&C (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1)51*.
(&* T" app"i!t the pers"!!el "& its sta&&/ s,b4ect t" ci3il ser3ice la#
a!% r,les/ b,t e'e+pt &r"+ EAPCO la# a!% re-,lati"!sC
(-* T" a%"pt a!!,all0 a b,%-et "& e'pe!%it,res "& the C"++issi"!
a!% its sta&& char-eable a-ai!st the State I!s,ra!ce :,!%B Pr"3i%e%/
That the SSS a!% GSIS shall a%3a!ce "! a 1,arterl0 basis/ the
re+itta!ces "& all"t+e!t "& the l"a%i!- &,!% &"r the C"++issi"!@s
"perati"!al e'pe!ses base% "! its a!!,al b,%-et as %,l0 appr"3e% b0
the Depart+e!t "& =,%-et a!% Ma!a-e+e!tC (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./
Presi%e!tial Decree N". 19$1*. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(h* T" ha3e the p"#er t" a%+i!ister "ath a!% a&&ir+ati"!/ a!% t"
iss,e s,bp"e!a a!% s,bp"e!a duces tecum i! c"!!ecti"! #ith a!0
1,esti"! "r iss,e arisi!- &r"+ appeale% cases ,!%er this TitleC
(i* T" s,e a!% be s,e% i! c",rtC
(4* T" ac1,ire pr"pert0/ real "r pers"!al/ #hich +a0 be !ecessar0 "r
e'pe%ie!t &"r the attai!+e!t "& the p,rp"ses "& this TitleC
(* T" e!ter i!t" a-ree+e!ts "r c"!tracts &"r s,ch ser3ices a!% as
+a0 be !ee%e% &"r the pr"per/ e&&icie!t a!% stable a%+i!istrati"! "&
the pr"-ra+C
(l* T" per&"r+ s,ch "ther acts as it +a0 %ee+ appr"priate &"r the
attai!+e!t "& the p,rp"ses "& the C"++issi"! a!% pr"per
e!&"rce+e!t "& the pr"3isi"!s "& this Title. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1</
Presi%e!tial Decree N". <68*.
ART. 17<. +anagement of funds. - All re3e!,es c"llecte% b0 the
S0ste+ ,!%er this Title shall be %ep"site%/ i!3este%/ a%+i!istere%
a!% %isb,rse% i! the sa+e +a!!er a!% ,!%er the sa+e c"!%iti"!s/
re1,ire+e!ts a!% sa&e-,ar%s as pr"3i%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N,+bere%
ele3e! h,!%re% si't0-"!e/ as a+e!%e%/ #ith re-ar% t" s,ch "ther
&,!%s as are there,!%er bei!- pai% t" "r c"llecte% b0 the SSS a!%
GSIS/ respecti3el0B Pr"3i%e%/ That the C"++issi"!/ SSS a!% GSIS
+a0 %isb,rse each 0ear !"t +"re tha! t#el3e perce!t "& the
c"!trib,ti"! a!% i!3est+e!t ear!i!-s c"llecte% &"r "perati"!al
e'pe!ses/ i!cl,%i!- "cc,pati"!al health a!% sa&et0 pr"-ra+s/
i!ci%e!tal t" the carr0i!- ",t "& this Title.
ART. 179. #nvestment of funds. - Pr"3isi"!s "& e'isti!- la#s t" the
c"!trar0 !"t#ithsta!%i!-/ all re3e!,es as are !"t !ee%e% t" +eet
c,rre!t "perati"!al e'pe!ses ,!%er this Title shall be acc,+,late% i!
a &,!% t" be !"#! as the State I!s,ra!ce :,!%/ #hich shall be ,se%
e'cl,si3el0 &"r pa0+e!t "& the be!e&its ,!%er this Title/ a!% !"
a+",!t there"& shall be ,se% &"r a!0 "ther p,rp"se. All a+",!ts
accr,i!- t" the State I!s,ra!ce :,!%/ #hich is hereb0 establishe% i!
the SSS a!% GSIS/ respecti3el0/ shall be %ep"site% #ith a!0
a,th"ri2e% %ep"sit"r0 ba! appr"3e% b0 the C"++issi"!/ "r i!3este%
#ith %,e a!% pr,%e!t re-ar% &"r the li1,i%it0 !ee%s "& the S0ste+. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 5/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1.)<*.
ART. 1<8. $ettlement of claims. - The S0ste+ shall ha3e "ri-i!al a!%
e'cl,si3e 4,ris%icti"! t" settle a!0 %isp,te arisi!- &r"+ this Title #ith
respect t" c"3era-e/ e!title+e!t t" be!e&its/ c"llecti"! a!% pa0+e!t
"& c"!trib,ti"!s a!% pe!alties there"!/ "r a!0 "ther +atter relate%
theret"/ s,b4ect t" appeal t" the C"++issi"!/ #hich shall %eci%e
appeale% cases #ithi! t#e!t0 ($8* #"ri!- %a0s &r"+ the s,b+issi"!
"& the e3i%e!ce.
ART. 1<1. Revie!. - Decisi"!s/ "r%ers "r res"l,ti"!s "& the
C"++issi"! +a0 be re3ie#e% "! certiorari b0 the S,pre+e C",rt "!
1,esti"! "& la# ,p"! petiti"! "& a! a--rie3e% part0 #ithi! te! (18*
%a0s &r"+ !"tice there"&.
ART. 1<$. (nforcement of decisions. - (a* A!0 %ecisi"!/ "r%er "r
res"l,ti"! "& the C"++issi"! shall bec"+e &i!al a!% e'ec,t"r0 i& !"
appeal is tae! there&r"+ #ithi! te! (18* %a0s &r"+ !"tice there"&.
All a#ar%s -ra!te% b0 the C"++issi"! i! cases appeale% &r"+
%ecisi"!s "& the S0ste+ shall be e&&ecte% #ithi! &i&tee! %a0s &r"+
receipt "& !"tice. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(b* I! all "ther cases/ %ecisi"!s/ "r%ers a!% res"l,ti"!s "& the
C"++issi"! #hich ha3e bec"+e &i!al a!% e'ec,t"r0 shall be e!&"rce%
a!% e'ec,te% i! the sa+e +a!!er as %ecisi"!s "& the C",rt "& :irst
I!sta!ce/ a!% the C"++issi"! shall ha3e the p"#er t" iss,e t" the
cit0 "r pr"3i!cial sheri&& "r t" the sheri&& #h"+ it +a0 app"i!t/ s,ch
#rits "& e'ec,ti"! as +a0 be !ecessar0 &"r the e!&"rce+e!t "& s,ch
%ecisi"!s/ "r%ers "r res"l,ti"!s/ a!% a!0 pers"! #h" shall &ail "r
re&,se t" c"+pl0 there#ith shall/ ,p"! applicati"! b0 the
C"++issi"!/ be p,!ishe% b0 the pr"per c",rt &"r c"!te+pt.

Chapter IV
CONTRI=DTIONS

ART. 1<.. (mployers7 contributions. - (a* D!%er s,ch re-,lati"!s as
the S0ste+ +a0 prescribe/ be-i!!i!- as "& the last %a0 "& the +"!th
#he! a! e+pl"0ee@s c"+p,ls"r0 c"3era-e taes e&&ect a!% e3er0
+"!th therea&ter %,ri!- his e+pl"0+e!t/ his e+pl"0er shall prepare
t" re+it t" the S0ste+ a c"!trib,ti"! e1,i3ale!t t" "!e perce!t "& his
+"!thl0 salar0 cre%it.
(b* The rate "& c"!trib,ti"! shall be re3ie#e% peri"%icall0 a!% s,b4ect
t" the li+itati"!s herei! pr"3i%e%/ +a0 be re3ise% as the e'perie!ce
i! ris/ c"st "& a%+i!istrati"! a!% act,al "r a!ticipate% as #ell as
,!e'pecte% l"sses/ +a0 re1,ire.
(c* C"!trib,ti"!s ,!%er this Title shall be pai% i! their e!tiret0 b0 the
e+pl"0er a!% a!0 c"!tract "r %e3ice &"r the %e%,cti"!s "& a!0 p"rti"!
there"& &r"+ the #a-es "r salaries "& the e+pl"0ees shall be !,ll a!%
3"i%.
(%* Ehe! a c"3ere% e+pl"0ee %ies/ bec"+es %isable% "r is separate%
&r"+ e+pl"0+e!t/ his e+pl"0er@s "bli-ati"! t" pa0 the +"!thl0
c"!trib,ti"! arisi!- &r"+ that e+pl"0+e!t shall cease at the e!% "&
the +"!th "& c"!ti!-e!c0 a!% %,ri!- s,ch +"!ths that he is !"t
recei3i!- #a-es "r salar0.
ART. 1<5. ;overnment guarantee. - The Rep,blic "& the Philippi!es
-,ara!tees the be!e&its prescribe% ,!%er this Title/ a!% accepts
-e!eral resp"!sibilit0 &"r the s"l3e!c0 "& the State I!s,ra!ce :,!%. I!
case "& a!0 %e&icie!c0/ the sa+e shall be c"3ere% b0 s,pple+e!tal
appr"priati"!s &r"+ the !ati"!al -"3er!+e!t.

Chapter V
MEDICAL =ENE:ITS

ART. 1<6. +edical services. - I++e%iatel0 a&ter a! e+pl"0ee
c"!tracts sic!ess "r s,stai!s a! i!4,r0/ he shall be pr"3i%e% b0 the
S0ste+ %,ri!- the s,bse1,e!t peri"% "& his %isabilit0 #ith s,ch
+e%ical ser3ices a!% applia!ces as the !at,re "& his sic!ess "r i!4,r0
a!% pr"-ress "& his rec"3er0 +a0 re1,ire/ s,b4ect t" the e'pe!se
li+itati"! prescribe% b0 the C"++issi"!.
ART. 1<). Liability. - The S0ste+ shall ha3e the a,th"rit0 t" ch""se
"r "r%er a cha!-e "& ph0sicia!/ h"spital "r rehabilitati"! &acilit0 &"r
the e+pl"0ee/ a!% shall !"t be liable &"r c"+pe!sati"! &"r a!0
a--ra3ati"! "& the e+pl"0ee@s i!4,r0 "r sic!ess res,lti!- &r"+
,!a,th"ri2e% cha!-es b0 the e+pl"0ee "& +e%ical ser3ices/
applia!ces/ s,pplies/ h"spitals/ rehabilitati"! &acilities "r ph0sicia!s.
ART. 1<7. Attending physician. - A!0 ph0sicia! atte!%i!- a! i!4,re%
"r sic e+pl"0ee shall c"+pl0 #ith all the re-,lati"!s "& the S0ste+
a!% s,b+it rep"rts i! prescribe% &"r+s at s,ch ti+e as +a0 be
re1,ire% c"!cer!i!- his c"!%iti"! "r treat+e!t. All +e%ical
i!&"r+ati"! rele3a!t t" the partic,lar i!4,r0 "r sic!ess shall/ "!
%e+a!%/ be +a%e a3ailable t" the e+pl"0ee "r the S0ste+. N"
i!&"r+ati"! %e3el"pe% i! c"!!ecti"! #ith treat+e!t "r e'a+i!ati"!
&"r #hich c"+pe!sati"! is s",-ht shall be c"!si%ere% as pri3ile-e%
c"++,!icati"!.
ART. 1<<. Refusal of e,amination or treatment. - I& the e+pl"0ee
,!reas"!abl0 re&,ses t" s,b+it t" +e%ical e'a+i!ati"! "r treat+e!t/
the S0ste+ shall st"p the pa0+e!t "& &,rther c"+pe!sati"! %,ri!-
s,ch ti+e as s,ch re&,sal c"!ti!,es. Ehat c"!stit,tes a!
,!reas"!able re&,sal shall be %eter+i!e% b0 the S0ste+ #hich +a0/
"! its "#! i!itiati3e/ %eter+i!e the !ecessit0/ character a!%
s,&&icie!c0 "& a!0 +e%ical ser3ices &,r!ishe% "r t" be &,r!ishe%.
ART. 1<9. *ees and other charges. - All &ees a!% "ther char-es &"r
h"spital ser3ices/ +e%ical care a!% applia!ces/ i!cl,%i!- pr"&essi"!al
&ees/ shall !"t be hi-her tha! th"se pre3aili!- i! #ar%s "& h"spitals
&"r si+ilar ser3ices t" i!4,re% "r sic pers"!s i! -e!eral a!% shall be
s,b4ect t" the re-,lati"!s "& the C"++issi"!. Pr"&essi"!al &ees shall
"!l0 be appreciabl0 hi-her tha! th"se prescribe% ,!%er Rep,blic Act
N,+bere% si't0-"!e h,!%re% ele3e!/ as a+e!%e%/ "ther#ise !"#!
as the Philippi!e Me%ical Care Act "& 19)9.
ART. 198. Rehabilitation services. - (a* The S0ste+ shall/ as s""! as
practicable/ establish a c"!ti!,i!- pr"-ra+/ &"r the rehabilitati"! "&
i!4,re% a!% ha!%icappe% e+pl"0ees #h" shall be e!title% t"
rehabilitati"! ser3ices/ #hich shall c"!sist "& +e%ical/ s,r-ical "r
h"spital treat+e!t/ i!cl,%i!- applia!ces i& the0 ha3e bee!
ha!%icappe% b0 the i!4,r0/ t" help the+ bec"+e ph0sicall0
i!%epe!%e!t.
(b* As s""! as practicable/ the S0ste+ shall establish ce!ters
e1,ippe% a!% sta&&e% t" pr"3i%e a bala!ce% pr"-ra+ "& re+e%ial
treat+e!t/ 3"cati"!al assess+e!t a!% preparati"! %esi-!e% t" +eet
the i!%i3i%,al !ee%s "& each ha!%icappe% e+pl"0ee t" rest"re hi+ t"
s,itable e+pl"0+e!t/ i!cl,%i!- assista!ce as +a0 be #ithi! its
res",rces/ t" help each rehabilitee t" %e3el"p his +e!tal/ 3"cati"!al
"r s"cial p"te!tial.
Chapter VI
DISA=ILITY =ENE:ITS

ART. 191. Temporary total disability. - (a* D!%er s,ch re-,lati"!s as
the C"++issi"! +a0 appr"3e/ a!0 e+pl"0ee ,!%er this Title #h"
s,stai!s a! i!4,r0 "r c"!tracts sic!ess res,lti!- i! te+p"rar0 t"tal
%isabilit0 shall/ &"r each %a0 "& s,ch a %isabilit0 "r &racti"! there"&/ be
pai% b0 the S0ste+ a! i!c"+e be!e&it e1,i3ale!t t" !i!et0 perce!t "&
his a3era-e %ail0 salar0 cre%it/ s,b4ect t" the &"ll"#i!- c"!%iti"!sB the
%ail0 i!c"+e be!e&it shall !"t be less tha! Te! Pes"s !"r +"re tha!
Ni!et0 Pes"s/ !"r pai% &"r a c"!ti!,",s peri"% l"!-er tha! "!e
h,!%re% t#e!t0 %a0s/ e'cept as "ther#ise pr"3i%e% &"r i! the R,les/
a!% the S0ste+ shall be !"ti&ie% "& the i!4,r0 "r sic!ess. (As a+e!%e% b0
Secti"! $/ E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 179*.
(b* The pa0+e!t "& s,ch i!c"+e be!e&it shall be i! acc"r%a!ce #ith
the re-,lati"!s "& the C"++issi"!. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 19/ Presi%e!tial
Decree N". <68*.
ART. 19$. Permanent total disability. - (a* D!%er s,ch re-,lati"!s as
the C"++issi"! +a0 appr"3e/ a!0 e+pl"0ee ,!%er this Title #h"
c"!tracts sic!ess "r s,stai!s a! i!4,r0 res,lti!- i! his per+a!e!t
t"tal %isabilit0 shall/ &"r each +"!th ,!til his %eath/ be pai% b0 the
S0ste+ %,ri!- s,ch a %isabilit0/ a! a+",!t e1,i3ale!t t" the +"!thl0
i!c"+e be!e&it/ pl,s te! perce!t there"& &"r each %epe!%e!t chil%/ b,t
!"t e'cee%i!- &i3e/ be-i!!i!- #ith the 0",!-est a!% #ith",t
s,bstit,ti"!B Pr"3i%e%/ That the +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it shall be the
!e# a+",!t "& the +"!thl0 be!e&it &"r all c"3ere% pe!si"!ers/
e&&ecti3e ,p"! appr"3al "& this Decree.
(b* The +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it shall be -,ara!tee% &"r &i3e 0ears/
a!% shall be s,spe!%e% i& the e+pl"0ee is -ai!&,ll0 e+pl"0e%/ "r
rec"3ers &r"+ his per+a!e!t t"tal %isabilit0/ "r &ails t" prese!t
hi+sel& &"r e'a+i!ati"! at least "!ce a 0ear ,p"! !"tice b0 the
S0ste+/ e'cept as "ther#ise pr"3i%e% &"r i! "ther la#s/ %ecrees/
"r%ers "r Letters "& I!str,cti"!s. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 6/ Presi%e!tial Decree
N". 1)51*.
(c* The &"ll"#i!- %isabilities shall be %ee+e% t"tal a!% per+a!e!tB
(1* Te+p"rar0 t"tal %isabilit0 lasti!- c"!ti!,",sl0 &"r +"re tha! "!e
h,!%re% t#e!t0 %a0s/ e'cept as "ther#ise pr"3i%e% &"r i! the R,lesC
($* C"+plete l"ss "& si-ht "& b"th e0esC
(.* L"ss "& t#" li+bs at "r ab"3e the a!le "r #ristC
(5* Per+a!e!t c"+plete paral0sis "& t#" li+bsC
(6* =rai! i!4,r0 res,lti!- i! i!c,rable i+becilit0 "r i!sa!it0C a!%
()* S,ch cases as %eter+i!e% b0 the Me%ical Direct"r "& the S0ste+
a!% appr"3e% b0 the C"++issi"!.
(%* The !,+ber "& +"!ths "& pai% c"3era-e shall be %e&i!e% a!%
appr"'i+ate% b0 a &"r+,la t" be appr"3e% b0 the C"++issi"!.
ART. 19.. Permanent partial disability. - (a* D!%er s,ch re-,lati"!s
as the C"++issi"! +a0 appr"3e/ a!0 e+pl"0ee ,!%er this Title #h"
c"!tracts sic!ess "r s,stai!s a! i!4,r0 res,lti!- i! per+a!e!t
partial %isabilit0 shall/ &"r each +"!th !"t e'cee%i!- the peri"%
%esi-!ate% herei!/ be pai% b0 the S0ste+ %,ri!- s,ch a %isabilit0 a!
i!c"+e be!e&it &"r per+a!e!t t"tal %isabilit0.
(b* The be!e&it shall be pai% &"r !"t +"re tha! the peri"% %esi-!ate%
i! the &"ll"#i!- sche%,lesB
Complete and permanent No. of +onths
loss of the use of
O!e th,+b - 18
O!e i!%e' &i!-er - <
O!e +i%%le &i!-er - )
O!e ri!- &i!-er - 6
O!e little &i!-er - .
O!e bi- t"e - )
O!e t"e - .
O!e ar+ - 68
O!e ha!% - .9
O!e &""t - .1
O!e le- - 5)
O!e ear - 18
="th ears - $8
Feari!- "& "!e ear - 18
Feari!- "& b"th ears - 68
Si-ht "& "!e e0e - $6

(c* A l"ss "& a #rist shall be c"!si%ere% as a l"ss "& the ha!%/ a!% a
l"ss "& a! elb"# shall be c"!si%ere% as a l"ss "& the ar+. A l"ss "& a!
a!le shall be c"!si%ere% as l"ss "& a &""t/ a!% a l"ss "& a !ee shall be
c"!si%ere% as a l"ss "& the le-. A l"ss "& +"re tha! "!e 4"i!t shall be
c"!si%ere% as a l"ss "& "!e-hal& "& the #h"le &i!-er "r t"eB Pr"3i%e%/
That s,ch a l"ss shall be either the &,!cti"!al l"ss "& the ,se "r
ph0sical l"ss "& the +e+ber. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 7/ Presi%e!tial Decree N".
1.)<*.
(%* I! case "& per+a!e!t partial %isabilit0 less tha! the t"tal l"ss "&
the +e+ber speci&ie% i! the prece%i!- para-raph/ the sa+e +"!thl0
i!c"+e be!e&it shall be pai% &"r a p"rti"! "& the peri"% establishe% &"r
the t"tal l"ss "& the +e+ber i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the pr"p"rti"! that
the partial l"ss bears t" the t"tal l"ss. I& the res,lt is a %eci+al
&racti"!/ the sa+e shall be r",!%e% "&& t" the !e't hi-her i!te-er.
(e* I! cases "& si+,lta!e",s l"ss "& +"re tha! "!e +e+ber "r a part
there"& as speci&ie% i! this Article/ the sa+e +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it
shall be pai% &"r a peri"% e1,i3ale!t t" the s,+ "& the peri"%s
establishe% &"r the l"ss "& the +e+ber "r the part there"&. I& the res,lt
is a %eci+al &racti"!/ the sa+e shall be r",!%e% "&& t" the !e't hi-her
i!te-er.
(&* I! cases "& i!4,ries "r ill!esses res,lti!- i! a per+a!e!t partial
%isabilit0 !"t liste% i! the prece%i!- sche%,le/ the be!e&it shall be a!
i!c"+e be!e&it e1,i3ale!t t" the perce!ta-e "& the per+a!e!t l"ss "&
the capacit0 t" #"r. (As a%%e% b0 Secti"! 7/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1.)<*.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(-* D!%er s,ch re-,lati"!s as the C"++issi"! +a0 appr"3e/ the
i!c"+e be!e&it pa0able i! case "& per+a!e!t partial %isabilit0 +a0 be
pai% i! +"!thl0 pe!si"! "r i! l,+p s,+ i& the peri"% c"3ere% %"es
!"t e'cee% "!e 0ear. (As a%%e% b0 Secti"! 7/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1.)<*.
Chapter VII
DEATF =ENE:ITS
ART. 195. Death. - (a* D!%er s,ch re-,lati"!s as the C"++issi"!
+a0 appr"3e/ the S0ste+ shall pa0 t" the pri+ar0 be!e&iciaries ,p"!
the %eath "& the c"3ere% e+pl"0ee ,!%er this Title/ a! a+",!t
e1,i3ale!t t" his +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it/ pl,s te! perce!t there"& &"r
each %epe!%e!t chil%/ b,t !"t e'cee%i!- &i3e/ be-i!!i!- #ith the
0",!-est a!% #ith",t s,bstit,ti"!/ e'cept as pr"3i%e% &"r i!
para-raph (4* "& Article 1)7 here"&B Pr"3i%e%/ h"#e3er/ That the
+"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it shall be -,ara!tee% &"r &i3e 0earsB Pr"3i%e%/
&,rther/ That i& he has !" pri+ar0 be!e&iciar0/ the S0ste+ shall pa0 t"
his sec"!%ar0 be!e&iciaries the +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it b,t !"t t"
e'cee% si't0 +"!thsB Pr"3i%e%/ &i!all0/ That the +i!i+,+ %eath
be!e&it shall !"t be less tha! &i&tee! th",sa!% pes"s. (As a+e!%e% b0
Secti"! 5/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 19$1*.
(b* D!%er s,ch re-,lati"!s as the C"++issi"! +a0 appr"3e/ the
S0ste+ shall pa0 t" the pri+ar0 be!e&iciaries ,p"! the %eath "& a
c"3ere% e+pl"0ee #h" is ,!%er per+a!e!t t"tal %isabilit0 ,!%er this
Title/ ei-ht0 perce!t "& the +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it a!% his
%epe!%e!ts t" the %epe!%e!ts@ pe!si"!B Pr"3i%e%/ That the +arria-e
+,st ha3e bee! 3ali%l0 s,bsisti!- at the ti+e "& %isabilit0B Pr"3i%e%/
&,rther/ That i& he has !" pri+ar0 be!e&iciar0/ the S0ste+ shall pa0 t"
his sec"!%ar0 be!e&iciaries the +"!thl0 pe!si"! e'cl,%i!- the
%epe!%e!ts@ pe!si"!/ "& the re+ai!i!- bala!ce "& the &i3e-0ear
-,ara!tee% peri"%B Pr"3i%e%/ &i!all0/ That the +i!i+,+ %eath
be!e&it shall !"t be less tha! &i&tee! th",sa!% pes"s. (As a+e!%e% b0
Secti"! 5/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 19$1*.
(c* The +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it pr"3i%e% herei! shall be the !e#
a+",!t "& the +"!thl0 i!c"+e be!e&it &"r the s,r3i3i!- be!e&iciaries
,p"! the appr"3al "& this %ecree. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! </ Presi%e!tial Decree
N". 1.)<*.
(%* *uneral benefit. - A &,!eral be!e&it "& Three th",sa!% pes"s
(P./888.88* shall be pai% ,p"! the %eath "& a c"3ere% e+pl"0ee "r
per+a!e!tl0 t"tall0 %isable% pe!si"!er. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./ E'ec,ti3e
Or%er N". 179*.

Chapter VIII
PROVISIONS COMMON TO INCOME =ENE:ITS
ART. 196. Relationship and dependency. - All 1,esti"!s "&
relati"!ship a!% %epe!%e!c0 shall be %eter+i!e% as "& the ti+e "&
%eath.
ART. 19). [Link] contributions. - (a* A! e+pl"0er #h" is
%eli!1,e!t i! his c"!trib,ti"!s shall be liable t" the S0ste+ &"r the
be!e&its #hich +a0 ha3e bee! pai% b0 the S0ste+ t" his e+pl"0ees "r
their %epe!%e!ts/ a!% a!0 be!e&it a!% e'pe!ses t" #hich s,ch
e+pl"0er is liable shall c"!stit,te a lie! "! all his pr"pert0/ real "r
pers"!al/ #hich is hereb0 %eclare% t" be pre&erre% t" a!0 cre%it/
e'cept ta'es. The pa0+e!t b0 the e+pl"0er "& the l,+p s,+
e1,i3ale!t "& s,ch liabilit0 shall abs"l3e hi+ &r"+ the pa0+e!t "& the
%eli!1,e!t c"!trib,ti"! a!% pe!alt0 there"! #ith respect t" the
e+pl"0ee c"!cer!e%. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(b* :ail,re "r re&,sal "& the e+pl"0er t" pa0 "r re+it the c"!trib,ti"!
herei! prescribe% shall !"t pre4,%ice the ri-ht "& the e+pl"0ee "r his
%epe!%e!ts t" the be!e&its ,!%er this Title. I& the sic!ess/ i!4,r0/
%isabilit0 "r %eath "cc,rs be&"re the S0ste+ recei3es a!0 rep"rt "& the
!a+e "& his e+pl"0ee/ the e+pl"0er shall be liable t" the S0ste+ &"r
the l,+p s,+ e1,i3ale!t t" the be!e&its t" #hich s,ch e+pl"0ee "r
his %epe!%e!ts +a0 be e!title%.
ART. 197. $econd in%uries. - I& a!0 e+pl"0ee ,!%er per+a!e!t partial
%isabilit0 s,&&ers a!"ther i!4,r0 #hich res,lts i! a c"+pe!sable
%isabilit0 -reater tha! the pre3i",s i!4,r0/ the State I!s,ra!ce :,!%
shall be liable &"r the i!c"+e be!e&it "& the !e# %isabilit0B Pr"3i%e%/
That i& the !e# %isabilit0 is relate% t" the pre3i",s %isabilit0/ the
S0ste+ shall be liable "!l0 &"r the %i&&ere!ce i! i!c"+e be!e&its.
ART. 19<. Assignment of benefits. - N" clai+ &"r c"+pe!sati"! ,!%er
this Title is tra!s&erable "r liable t" ta'/ attach+e!t/ -ar!ish+e!t/
le30 "r sei2,re b0 "r ,!%er a!0 le-al pr"cess #hats"e3er/ either
be&"re "r a&ter receipt b0 the pers"! "r pers"!s e!title% theret"/
e'cept t" pa0 a!0 %ebt "& the e+pl"0ee t" the S0ste+.
ART. 199. (arned benefits. - I!c"+e be!e&its shall/ #ith respect t"
a!0 peri"% "& %isabilit0/ be pa0able i! acc"r%a!ce #ith this Title t" a!
e+pl"0ee #h" is e!title% t" recei3e #a-es/ salaries "r all"#a!ces &"r
h"li%a0s/ 3acati"! "r sic lea3es a!% a!0 "ther a#ar% "& be!e&it ,!%er
a c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- "r "ther a-ree+e!t.
ART. $88. $afety devices. - I! case the e+pl"0ee@s i!4,r0 "r %eath
#as %,e t" the &ail,re "& the e+pl"0er t" c"+pl0 #ith a!0 la# "r t"
i!stall a!% +ai!tai! sa&et0 %e3ices "r t" tae "ther preca,ti"!s &"r
the pre3e!ti"! "& i!4,r0/ sai% e+pl"0er shall pa0 the State I!s,ra!ce
:,!% a pe!alt0 "& t#e!t0-&i3e perce!t ($6?* "& the l,+p s,+
e1,i3ale!t "& the i!c"+e be!e&it pa0able b0 the S0ste+ t" the
e+pl"0ee. All e+pl"0ers/ speciall0 th"se #h" sh",l% ha3e bee!
pa0i!- a rate "& c"!trib,ti"! hi-her tha! re1,ire% "& the+ ,!%er this
Title/ are e!4"i!e% t" ,!%ertae a!% stre!-the! +eas,res &"r the
"cc,pati"!al health a!% sa&et0 "& their e+pl"0ees.
ART. $81. Prescriptive period. - N" clai+ &"r c"+pe!sati"! shall be
-i3e! %,e c",rse ,!less sai% clai+ is &ile% #ith the S0ste+ #ithi!
three (.* 0ears &r"+ the ti+e the ca,se "& acti"! accr,e%. (As a+e!%e% b0
Secti"! 6/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 19$1*.
ART. $8$. (rroneous payment. - (a* I& the S0ste+ i! -""% &aith pa0s
i!c"+e be!e&it t" a %epe!%e!t #h" is i!&eri"r i! ri-ht t" a!"ther
%epe!%e!t "r #ith #h"+ a!"ther %epe!%e!t is e!title% t" share/ s,ch
pa0+e!ts shall %ischar-e the S0ste+ &r"+ liabilit0/ ,!less a!% ,!til
s,ch "ther %epe!%e!t !"ti&ies the S0ste+ "& his clai+ pri"r t" the
pa0+e!ts.
(b* I! case "& %",bt as t" the respecti3e ri-hts "& ri3al clai+a!ts/ the
S0ste+ is hereb0 e+p"#ere% t" %eter+i!e as t" #h"+ pa0+e!ts
sh",l% be +a%e i! acc"r%a!ce #ith s,ch re-,lati"!s as the
C"++issi"! +a0 appr"3e. I& the +"!e0 is pa0able t" a +i!"r "r
i!c"+pete!t/ pa0+e!t shall be +a%e b0 the S0ste+ t" s,ch pers"! "r
pers"!s as it +a0 c"!si%er t" be best 1,ali&ie% t" tae care a!%
%isp"se "& the +i!"r@s "r i!c"+pete!t@s pr"pert0 &"r his be!e&it.
ART. $8.. Prohibition. - N" a-e!t/ att"r!e0 "r "ther pers"! p,rs,i!-
"r i! char-e "& the preparati"! "r &ili!- "& a!0 clai+ &"r be!e&it ,!%er
this Title shall %e+a!% "r char-e &"r his ser3ices a!0 &ee/ a!% a!0
stip,lati"! t" the c"!trar0 shall be !,ll a!% 3"i%. The rete!ti"! "r
%e%,cti"! "& a!0 a+",!t &r"+ a!0 be!e&it -ra!te% ,!%er this Title
&"r the pa0+e!t "& &ees &"r s,ch ser3ices is pr"hibite%. Vi"lati"! "&
a!0 pr"3isi"! "& this Article shall be p,!ishe% b0 a &i!e "& !"t less
tha! &i3e h,!%re% pes"s !"r +"re tha! &i3e th",sa!% pes"s/ "r
i+pris"!+e!t &"r !"t less tha! si' +"!ths !"r +"re tha! "!e 0ear/
"r b"th/ at the %iscreti"! "& the c",rt.
ART. $85. (,emption from levy3 ta,3 etc. - All la#s t" the c"!trar0
!"t#ithsta!%i!-/ the State I!s,ra!ce :,!% a!% all its assets shall be
e'e+pt &r"+ a!0 ta'/ &ee/ char-e/ le30/ "r c,st"+s "r i+p"rt %,t0 a!%
!" la# herea&ter e!acte% shall appl0 t" the State I!s,ra!ce :,!%
,!less it is pr"3i%e% therei! that the sa+e is applicable b0 e'pressl0
stati!- its !a+e.

Chapter IL
RECORDS/ REPORTS AND PENAL PROVISIONS

ART. $86. Record of death or disability. - (a* All e+pl"0ers shall
eep a l"-b"" t" rec"r% chr"!"l"-icall0 the sic!ess/ i!4,r0 "r %eath
"& their e+pl"0ees/ setti!- &"rth therei! their !a+es/ %ates a!% places
"& the c"!ti!-e!c0/ !at,re "& the c"!ti!-e!c0 a!% abse!ces. E!tries
i! the l"-b"" shall be +a%e #ithi! &i3e %a0s &r"+ !"tice "r
!"#le%-e "& the "cc,rre!ce "& the c"!ti!-e!c0. Eithi! &i3e %a0s
a&ter e!tr0 i! the l"-b""/ the e+pl"0er shall rep"rt t" the S0ste+
"!l0 th"se c"!ti!-e!cies he %ee+s t" be #"r-c"!!ecte%.
(b* All e!tries i! the e+pl"0er@s l"-b"" shall be +a%e b0 the
e+pl"0er "r a!0 "& his a,th"ri2e% "&&icial a&ter 3eri&icati"! "& the
c"!ti!-e!cies "r the e+pl"0ees@ abse!ces &"r a peri"% "& a %a0 "r
+"re. Dp"! re1,est b0 the S0ste+/ the e+pl"0er shall &,r!ish the
!ecessar0 certi&icate re-ar%i!- i!&"r+ati"! ab",t a!0 c"!ti!-e!c0
appeari!- i! the l"-b""/ citi!- the e!tr0 !,+ber/ pa-e !,+ber a!%
%ate. S,ch l"-b"" shall be +a%e a3ailable &"r i!specti"! t" the %,l0
a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3e "& the S0ste+.
(c* Sh",l% a!0 e+pl"0er &ail t" rec"r% i! the l"-b"" a! act,al
sic!ess/ i!4,r0 "r %eath "& a!0 "& his e+pl"0ees #ithi! the peri"%
prescribe% herei!/ -i3e &alse i!&"r+ati"! "r #ithh"l% +aterial
i!&"r+ati"! alrea%0 i! his p"ssessi"!/ he shall be hel% liable &"r &i&t0
perce!t "& the l,+p s,+ e1,i3ale!t "& the i!c"+e be!e&it t" #hich
the e+pl"0ee +a0 be &",!% t" be e!title%/ the pa0+e!t "& #hich shall
accr,e t" the State I!s,ra!ce :,!%.
(%* I! case "& pa0+e!t "& be!e&its &"r a!0 clai+ #hich is later
%eter+i!e% t" be &ra,%,le!t a!% the e+pl"0er is &",!% t" be a part0
t" the &ra,%/ s,ch e+pl"0er shall rei+b,rse the S0ste+ the &,ll
a+",!t "& the c"+pe!sati"! pai%.
ART. $8). Notice of sic"ness3 in%ury or death. - N"tice "& sic!ess/
i!4,r0 "r %eath shall be -i3e! t" the e+pl"0er b0 the e+pl"0ee "r b0
his %epe!%e!ts "r a!0b"%0 "! his behal& #ithi! &i3e %a0s &r"+ the
"cc,rre!ce "& the c"!ti!-e!c0. N" !"tice t" the e+pl"0er shall be
re1,ire% i& the c"!ti!-e!c0 is !"#! t" the e+pl"0er "r his a-e!ts "r
represe!tati3es.
ART. $87. Penal provisions. - (a* The pe!al pr"3isi"!s "& Rep,blic
Act N,+bere% Ele3e! F,!%re% Si't0-O!e/ as a+e!%e%/ a!%
C"++"!#ealth Act N,+bere% O!e F,!%re% Ei-ht0-Si'/ as
a+e!%e%/ #ith re-ar% t" the &,!%s as are there,!%er bei!- pai% t"/
c"llecte% "r %isb,rse% b0 the S0ste+/ shall be applicable t" the
c"llecti"!/ a%+i!istrati"! a!% %isb,rse+e!t "& the :,!%s ,!%er this
Title. The pe!al pr"3isi"!s "! c"3era-e shall als" be applicable.
(b* A!0 pers"! #h"/ &"r the p,rp"se "& sec,ri!- e!title+e!t t" a!0
be!e&it "r pa0+e!t ,!%er this Title/ "r the iss,a!ce "& a!0 certi&icate
"r %"c,+e!t &"r a!0 p,rp"se c"!!ecte% #ith this Title/ #hether &"r
hi+ "r &"r s"+e "ther pers"!/ c"++its &ra,%/ c"ll,si"!/ &alsi&icati"!/
+isreprese!tati"! "& &acts "r a!0 "ther i!% "& a!"+al0/ shall be
p,!ishe% #ith a &i!e "& !"t less tha! &i3e h,!%re% pes"s !"r +"re
tha! &i3e th",sa!% pes"s a!% a! i+pris"!+e!t &"r !"t less tha! si'
+"!ths !"r +"re tha! "!e 0ear/ at the %iscreti"! "& the c",rt.
(c* I& the act pe!ali2e% b0 this Article is c"++itte% b0 a!0 pers"! #h"
has bee! "r is e+pl"0e% b0 the C"++issi"! "r S0ste+/ "r a reci%i3ist/
the i+pris"!+e!t shall !"t be less tha! "!e 0earC i& c"++itte% b0 a
la#0er/ ph0sicia! "r "ther pr"&essi"!al/ he shall/ i! a%%iti"! t" the
pe!alt0 prescribe% herei!/ be %is1,ali&ie% &r"+ the practice "& his
pr"&essi"!C a!% i& c"++itte% b0 a!0 "&&icial/ e+pl"0ee "r pers"!!el
"& the C"++issi"!/ S0ste+ "r a!0 -"3er!+e!t a-e!c0/ he shall/ i!
a%%iti"! t" the pe!alt0 prescribe% herei!/ be %is+isse% #ith
pre4,%ice t" re-e+pl"0+e!t i! the -"3er!+e!t ser3ice.
ART. $8<. Applicability. - This Title shall appl0 "!l0 t" i!4,r0/
sic!ess/ %isabilit0 "r %eath "cc,rri!- "! "r a&ter Ga!,ar0 1/ 1976.
ART. $8<-A. Repeal. - All e'isti!- la#s/ Presi%e!tial Decrees a!%
Letters "& I!str,cti"!s #hich are i!c"!siste!t #ith "r c"!trar0 t" this
Decree/ are hereb0 repeale%B Pr"3i%e%/ That i! the case "& the GSIS/
c"!%iti"!s &"r e!title+e!t t" be!e&its shall be -"3er!e% b0 the Lab"r
C"%e/ as a+e!%e%B Pr"3i%e%/ h"#e3er/ That the &"r+,las &"r
c"+p,tati"! "& be!e&its/ as #ell as the c"!trib,ti"! base/ shall be
th"se pr"3i%e% ,!%er C"++"!#ealth Act N,+bere% O!e F,!%re%
Ei-ht0-Si'/ as a+e!%e% b0 Presi%e!tial Decree N". 115)/ pl,s t#e!t0
perce!t there"&. (As a%%e% b0 Secti"! 9/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1.)< JMa0 1/ 197<K a!%
s,bse1,e!tl0 a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 7/ Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1)51*.

Title III
MEDICARE
ART. $89. +edical care. - The Philippi!e Me%ical Care Pla! shall be
i+ple+e!te% as pr"3i%e% ,!%er Rep,blic Act N,+bere% Si't0-O!e
F,!%re% Ele3e!/ as a+e!%e%.

Title IV
ADDLT EDDCATION

ART. $18. Adult education. - E3er0 e+pl"0er shall re!%er assista!ce
i! the establish+e!t a!% "perati"! "& a%,lt e%,cati"! pr"-ra+s &"r
their #"rers a!% e+pl"0ees as prescribe% b0 re-,lati"!s 4"i!tl0
appr"3e% b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t a!% the
Depart+e!t "& E%,cati"!/ C,lt,re a!% Sp"rts.
=OOA :IVE

LA=OR RELATIONS

Title I
POLICY AND DE:INITIONS

Chapter I
POLICY

Article. $11. Declaration of Policy. - A. It is the p"lic0 "& the StateB

(a* T" pr"+"te a!% e+phasi2e the pri+ac0 "& &ree c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!- a!% !e-"tiati"!s/ i!cl,%i!- 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"!/
+e%iati"! a!% c"!ciliati"!/ as +"%es "& settli!- lab"r "r i!%,strial
%isp,tesC

(b* T" pr"+"te &ree tra%e ,!i"!is+ as a! i!str,+e!t &"r the
e!ha!ce+e!t "& %e+"crac0 a!% the pr"+"ti"! "& s"cial 4,stice a!%
%e3el"p+e!tC
(c* T" &"ster the &ree a!% 3"l,!tar0 "r-a!i2ati"! "& a str"!- a!%
,!ite% lab"r +"3e+e!tC
(%* T" pr"+"te the e!li-hte!+e!t "& #"rers c"!cer!i!- their ri-hts
a!% "bli-ati"!s as ,!i"! +e+bers a!% as e+pl"0eesC
(e* T" pr"3i%e a! a%e1,ate a%+i!istrati3e +achi!er0 &"r the
e'pe%iti",s settle+e!t "& lab"r "r i!%,strial %isp,tesC
(&* T" e!s,re a stable b,t %0!a+ic a!% 4,st i!%,strial peaceC a!%
(-* T" e!s,re the participati"! "& #"rers i! %ecisi"! a!% p"lic0-
+ai!- pr"cesses a&&ecti!- their ri-hts/ %,ties a!% #el&are.
=. T" e!c",ra-e a tr,l0 %e+"cratic +eth"% "& re-,lati!- the relati"!s
bet#ee! the e+pl"0ers a!% e+pl"0ees b0 +ea!s "& a-ree+e!ts &reel0
e!tere% i!t" thr",-h c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-/ !" c",rt "r a%+i!istrati3e
a-e!c0 "r "&&icial shall ha3e the p"#er t" set "r &i' #a-es/ rates "& pa0/
h",rs "& #"r "r "ther ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t/ e'cept
as "ther#ise pr"3i%e% ,!%er this C"%e. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./ Rep,blic Act
N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.

Chapter II
DE:INITIONS

Article. $1$. Definitions. - (a* "Commission" +ea!s the Nati"!al
Lab"r Relati"!s C"++issi"! "r a!0 "& its %i3isi"!s/ as the case +a0
be/ as pr"3i%e% ,!%er this C"%e.
(b* ")ureau" +ea!s the =,rea, "& Lab"r Relati"!s a!%>"r the Lab"r
Relati"!s Di3isi"!s i! the re-i"!al "&&ices establishe% ,!%er
Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1/ i! the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r.
(c* ")oard" +ea!s the Nati"!al C"!ciliati"! a!% Me%iati"! ="ar%
establishe% ,!%er E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 1$).
(%* "Council" +ea!s the Tripartite V"l,!tar0 Arbitrati"! A%3is"r0
C",!cil establishe% ,!%er E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 1$)/ as a+e!%e%.
(e* "(mployer" i!cl,%es a!0 pers"! acti!- i! the i!terest "& a!
e+pl"0er/ %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0. The ter+ shall !"t i!cl,%e a!0 lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"! "r a!0 "& its "&&icers "r a-e!ts e'cept #he! acti!- as
e+pl"0er.
(&* "(mployee" i!cl,%es a!0 pers"! i! the e+pl"0 "& a! e+pl"0er.
The ter+ shall !"t be li+ite% t" the e+pl"0ees "& a partic,lar
e+pl"0er/ ,!less the C"%e s" e'plicitl0 states. It shall i!cl,%e a!0
i!%i3i%,al #h"se #"r has cease% as a res,lt "& "r i! c"!!ecti"! #ith
a!0 c,rre!t lab"r %isp,te "r beca,se "& a!0 ,!&air lab"r practice i& he
has !"t "btai!e% a!0 "ther s,bsta!tiall0 e1,i3ale!t a!% re-,lar
e+pl"0+e!t.
(-* "Labor organi-ation" +ea!s a!0 ,!i"! "r ass"ciati"! "&
e+pl"0ees #hich e'ists i! #h"le "r i! part &"r the p,rp"se "&
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- "r "& %eali!- #ith e+pl"0ers c"!cer!i!- ter+s
a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t.
(h* "Legitimate labor organi-ation" +ea!s a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!
%,l0 re-istere% #ith the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ a!%
i!cl,%es a!0 bra!ch "r l"cal there"&.
(i* "Company union" +ea!s a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! #h"se &"r+ati"!/
&,!cti"! "r a%+i!istrati"! has bee! assiste% b0 a!0 act %e&i!e% as
,!&air lab"r practice b0 this C"%e.
(4* ")argaining representative" +ea!s a le-iti+ate lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"! #hether "r !"t e+pl"0e% b0 the e+pl"0er.
(* "6nfair labor practice" +ea!s a!0 ,!&air lab"r practice as
e'pressl0 %e&i!e% b0 the C"%e.
(l* "Labor dispute" i!cl,%es a!0 c"!tr"3ers0 "r +atter c"!cer!i!-
ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t "r the ass"ciati"! "r
represe!tati"! "& pers"!s i! !e-"tiati!-/ &i'i!-/ +ai!tai!i!-/
cha!-i!- "r arra!-i!- the ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t/
re-ar%less "& #hether the %isp,ta!ts sta!% i! the pr"'i+ate relati"!
"& e+pl"0er a!% e+pl"0ee.
(+* "+anagerial employee" is "!e #h" is 3este% #ith the p"#ers "r
prer"-ati3es t" la0 %"#! a!% e'ec,te +a!a-e+e!t p"licies a!%>"r t"
hire/ tra!s&er/ s,spe!%/ la0-"&&/ recall/ %ischar-e/ assi-! "r %iscipli!e
e+pl"0ees. S,per3is"r0 e+pl"0ees are th"se #h"/ i! the i!terest "&
the e+pl"0er/ e&&ecti3el0 rec"++e!% s,ch +a!a-erial acti"!s i& the
e'ercise "& s,ch a,th"rit0 is !"t +erel0 r",ti!ar0 "r clerical i! !at,re
b,t re1,ires the ,se "& i!%epe!%e!t 4,%-+e!t. All e+pl"0ees !"t
&alli!- #ithi! a!0 "& the ab"3e %e&i!iti"!s are c"!si%ere% ra!-a!%-
&ile e+pl"0ees &"r p,rp"ses "& this ="".
(!* "0oluntary Arbitrator" +ea!s a!0 pers"! accre%ite% b0 the
="ar% as s,ch "r a!0 pers"! !a+e% "r %esi-!ate% i! the C"llecti3e
=ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t b0 the parties t" act as their V"l,!tar0
Arbitrat"r/ "r "!e ch"se! #ith "r #ith",t the assista!ce "& the
Nati"!al C"!ciliati"! a!% Me%iati"! ="ar%/ p,rs,a!t t" a selecti"!
pr"ce%,re a-ree% ,p"! i! the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t/ "r
a!0 "&&icial that +a0 be a,th"ri2e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t t" act as V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r ,p"! the #ritte! re1,est
a!% a-ree+e!t "& the parties t" a lab"r %isp,te.
("* "$tri"e" +ea!s a!0 te+p"rar0 st"ppa-e "& #"r b0 the c"!certe%
acti"! "& e+pl"0ees as a res,lt "& a! i!%,strial "r lab"r %isp,te.
(p* "Loc"out" +ea!s a!0 te+p"rar0 re&,sal "& a! e+pl"0er t" &,r!ish
#"r as a res,lt "& a! i!%,strial "r lab"r %isp,te.
(1* "#nternal union dispute" i!cl,%es all %isp,tes "r -rie3a!ces
arisi!- &r"+ a!0 3i"lati"! "& "r %isa-ree+e!t "3er a!0 pr"3isi"! "&
the c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0 la#s "& a ,!i"!/ i!cl,%i!- a!0 3i"lati"! "& the
ri-hts a!% c"!%iti"!s "& ,!i"! +e+bership pr"3i%e% &"r i! this C"%e.
(r* "$tri"ebrea"er" +ea!s a!0 pers"! #h" "bstr,cts/ i+pe%es/ "r
i!ter&eres #ith b0 &"rce/ 3i"le!ce/ c"erci"!/ threats/ "r i!ti+i%ati"!
a!0 peace&,l piceti!- a&&ecti!- #a-es/ h",rs "r c"!%iti"!s "& #"r "r
i! the e'ercise "& the ri-ht "& sel&-"r-a!i2ati"! "r c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!-.
(s* "$tri"e area" +ea!s the establish+e!t/ #areh",ses/ %ep"ts/
pla!ts "r "&&ices/ i!cl,%i!- the sites "r pre+ises ,se% as r,!a#a0
sh"ps/ "& the e+pl"0er str,c a-ai!st/ as #ell as the i++e%iate
3ici!it0 act,all0 ,se% b0 piceti!- striers i! +"3i!- t" a!% &r" be&"re
all p"i!ts "& e!tra!ce t" a!% e'it &r"+ sai% establish+e!t. (As a+e!%e%
b0 Secti"! 5/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.

Title II
NATIONAL LA=OR RELATIONS
COMMISSION

Chapter I
CREATION AND COMPOSITION

Article $1.. Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s C"++issi"!. - There shall be a
Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s C"++issi"! #hich shall be attache% t" the
Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t s"lel0 &"r pr"-ra+ a!% p"lic0
c""r%i!ati"! "!l0/ c"+p"se% "& a Chair+a! a!% t#e!t0-three ($.*
Me+bers.
Ei-ht (<* +e+bers each shall be ch"se! "!l0 &r"+ a+"!- the
!"+i!ees "& the #"rers a!% e+pl"0ers "r-a!i2ati"!s/ respecti3el0.
The Chair+a! a!% the se3e! (7* re+ai!i!- +e+bers shall c"+e &r"+
the p,blic sect"r/ #ith the latter t" be ch"se! pre&erabl0 &r"+ a+"!-
the i!c,+be!t Lab"r Arbiters.
Dp"! ass,+pti"! i!t" "&&ice/ the +e+bers !"+i!ate% b0 the #"rers
a!% e+pl"0ers "r-a!i2ati"!s shall %i3est the+sel3es "& a!0 a&&iliati"!
#ith "r i!terest i! the &e%erati"! "r ass"ciati"! t" #hich the0 bel"!-.
The C"++issi"! +a0 sit e! ba!c "r i! ei-ht (<* %i3isi"!s/ each
c"+p"se% "& three (.* +e+bers. The C"++issi"! shall sit e! ba!c
"!l0 &"r p,rp"ses "& pr"+,l-ati!- r,les a!% re-,lati"!s -"3er!i!-
the heari!- a!% %isp"siti"! "& cases be&"re a!0 "& its %i3isi"!s a!%
re-i"!al bra!ches a!% &"r+,lati!- p"licies a&&ecti!- its
a%+i!istrati"! a!% "perati"!s. The C"++issi"! shall e'ercise its
a%4,%icat"r0 a!% all "ther p"#ers/ &,!cti"!s/ a!% %,ties thr",-h its
%i3isi"!s. O& the ei-ht (<* %i3isi"!s/ the &irst/ sec"!%/ thir%/ &",rth/
&i&th a!% si'th %i3isi"!s shall ha!%le cases c"+i!- &r"+ the Nati"!al
Capital Re-i"! a!% "ther parts "& L,2"!C a!% the se3e!th a!% ei-hth
%i3isi"!s/ cases &r"+ the Visa0as a!% Mi!%a!a"/ respecti3el0B
Pr"3i%e%/ That the C"++issi"! sitti!- e! ba!c +a0/ "! te+p"rar0 "r
e+er-e!c0 basis/ all"# cases #ithi! the 4,ris%icti"! "& a!0 %i3isi"! t"
be hear% a!% %eci%e% b0 a!0 "ther %i3isi"! #h"se %"cet all"#s the
a%%iti"!al #"rl"a% a!% s,ch tra!s&er #ill !"t e'p"se liti-a!ts t"
,!!ecessar0 a%%iti"!al e'pe!ses. The %i3isi"!s "& the C"++issi"!
shall ha3e e'cl,si3e appellate 4,ris%icti"! "3er cases #ithi! their
respecti3e territ"rial 4,ris%icti"!.
The c"!c,rre!ce "& t#" ($* C"++issi"!ers "& a %i3isi"! shall be
!ecessar0 &"r the pr"!",!ce+e!t "& a 4,%-+e!t "r res"l,ti"!.
Ehe!e3er the re1,ire% +e+bership i! a %i3isi"! is !"t c"+plete a!%
the c"!c,rre!ce "& t#" ($* C"++issi"!ers t" arri3e at a 4,%-+e!t "r
res"l,ti"! ca!!"t be "btai!e%/ the Chair+a! shall %esi-!ate s,ch
!,+ber "& a%%iti"!al C"++issi"!ers &r"+ the "ther %i3isi"!s as +a0
be !ecessar0.
The c"!cl,si"!s "& a %i3isi"! "! a!0 case s,b+itte% t" it &"r %ecisi"!
shall be reache% i! c"!s,ltati"! be&"re the case is assi-!e% t" a
+e+ber &"r the #riti!- "& the "pi!i"!. It shall be +a!%at"r0 &"r the
%i3isi"! t" +eet &"r p,rp"ses "& the c"!s,ltati"! "r%ai!e% therei!. A
certi&icati"! t" this e&&ect si-!e% b0 the Presi%i!- C"++issi"!er "&
the %i3isi"! shall be iss,e%/ a!% a c"p0 there"& attache% t" the rec"r%
"& the case a!% ser3e% ,p"! the parties.
The Chair+a! shall be the Presi%i!- C"++issi"!er "& the &irst
%i3isi"!/ a!% the se3e! (7* "ther +e+bers &r"+ the p,blic sect"r
shall be the Presi%i!- C"++issi"!ers "& the sec"!%/ thir%/ &",rth/
&i&th/ si'th/ se3e!th a!% ei-ht %i3isi"!s/ respecti3el0. I! case "& the
e&&ecti3e abse!ce "r i!capacit0 "& the Chair+a!/ the Presi%i!-
C"++issi"!er "& the sec"!% %i3isi"! shall be the Acti!- Chair+a!.
The Chair+a!/ ai%e% b0 the E'ec,ti3e Cler "& the C"++issi"!/ shall
ha3e a%+i!istrati3e s,per3isi"! "3er the C"++issi"! a!% its
re-i"!al bra!ches a!% all its pers"!!el/ i!cl,%i!- the Lab"r Arbiters.
The C"++issi"!/ #he! sitti!- e! ba!c/ shall be assiste% b0 the sa+e
E'ec,ti3e Cler/ a!%/ #he! acti!- thr, its Di3isi"!s/ b0 sai%
E'ec,ti3e Cler &"r its &irst %i3isi"! a!% se3e! (7* "ther Dep,t0
E'ec,ti3e Clers &"r the sec"!%/ thir%/ &",rth &i&th/ si'th/ se3e!th a!%
ei-hth %i3isi"!s/ respecti3el0/ i! the per&"r+a!ce "& s,ch si+ilar "r
e1,i3ale!t &,!cti"!s a!% %,ties as are %ischar-e% b0 the Cler "&
C",rt a!% Dep,t0 Clers "& C",rt "& the C",rt "& Appeals.
The C"++issi"! a!% its ei-ht (<* %i3isi"!s shall be assiste% b0 the
C"++issi"! Att"r!e0s i! its appellate a!% a%4,%icat"r0 &,!cti"!s
#h"se ter+ shall be c"ter+i!",s #ith the C"++issi"!ers #ith #h"+
the0 are assi-!e%. The C"++issi"! Att"r!e0s shall be +e+bers "&
the Philippi!e =ar #ith at least "!e (1* 0ear e'perie!ce "r e'p"s,re i!
the &iel% "& lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t relati"!s. The0 shall recei3e a!!,al
salaries a!% shall be e!title% t" the sa+e all"#a!ces a!% be!e&its as
th"se &alli!- ,!%er Salar0 Gra%e t#e!t0-si' (SG $)*. There shall be as
+a!0 C"++issi"! Att"r!e0s as +a0 be !ecessar0 &"r the e&&ecti3e
a!% e&&icie!t "perati"!s "& the C"++issi"! b,t i! !" case +"re tha!
three (.* assi-!e% t" the O&&ice "& the Chair+a! a!% each
C"++issi"!er.
N" Lab"r Arbiter shall be assi-!e% t" per&"r+ the &,!cti"!s "& the
C"++issi"! Att"r!e0 !"r %etaile% t" the "&&ice "& a!0 C"++issi"!er.
(As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1/ Rep,blic Act N". 9.57 JG,l0 $7/ $88)K a!%
as pre3i",sl0 a+e!%e% b0 Rep,blic Act N". 7788 a!% Secti"! 6/
Rep,blic Act N". )716*.

Article $15. Fea%1,arters/ =ra!ches a!% Pr"3i!cial E'te!si"! D!its. -
The C"++issi"! a!% its &irst/ sec"!%/ thir%/ &",rth/ &i&th a!% si'th
%i3isi"!s shall ha3e their +ai! "&&ices i! Metr"p"lita! Ma!ila/ a!% the
se3e!th a!% ei-hth %i3isi"!s i! the cities "& Ceb, a!% Ca-a0a! %e Or"/
respecti3el0. The C"++issi"! shall establish as +a!0 re-i"!al bra!ches
as there are re-i"!al "&&ices "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t/ s,b-re-i"!al bra!ches "r pr"3i!cial e'te!si"! ,!its.
There shall be as +a!0 Lab"r Arbiters as +a0 be !ecessar0 &"r the
e&&ecti3e a!% e&&icie!t "perati"! "& the C"++issi"!. (As a+e!%e% b0
Secti"! $/ Rep,blic Act N". 9.57 JG,l0 $7/ $88)K a!% pre3i",sl0
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! )/ Rep,blic Act N". )716 JMarch $1/ 19<9K*.
Article $16. App"i!t+e!t a!% H,ali&icati"!s. ; The Chair+a! a!% "ther
C"++issi"!ers shall be +e+bers "& the Philippi!e =ar a!% +,st ha3e
bee! e!-a-e% i! the practice "& la# i! the Philippi!es &"r at least &i&tee!
(16* 0ears/ #ith at least &i3e (6* 0ears e'perie!ce "r e'p"s,re i! the &iel%
"& lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t relati"!s/ a!% shall pre&erabl0 be resi%e!ts "& the
re-i"! #here the0 shall h"l% "&&ice. The Lab"r Arbiters shall lie#ise be
+e+bers "& the Philippi!e =ar a!% +,st ha3e bee! e!-a-e% i! the
practice "& la# i! the Philippi!es &"r at least te! (18* 0ears/ #ith at least
&i3e (6* 0ears e'perie!ce "r e'p"s,re i! the &iel% "& lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t
relati"!s.
The Chair+a! a!% the "ther C"++issi"!ers a!% the Lab"r Arbiters
shall h"l% "&&ice %,ri!- -""% beha3i"r ,!til the0 reach the a-e "&
si't0-&i3e ()6* 0ears/ ,!less s""!er re+"3e% &"r ca,se as pr"3i%e% b0
la# "r bec"+e i!capacitate% t" %ischar-e the %,ties "& their "&&iceC
Pr"3i%e%/ h"#e3er/ That the Presi%e!t "& the Rep,blic "& the
Philippi!es +a0 e'te!% the ser3ices "& the C"++issi"!ers a!% Lab"r
Arbiters ,p t" the +a'i+,+ a-e "& se3e!t0 (78* 0ears ,p"! the
rec"++e!%ati"! "& the C"++issi"! e! ba!c.
The Chair+a!/ the Di3isi"! Presi%i!- C"++issi"!ers a!% "ther
C"++issi"!ers shall all be app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t. App"i!t+e!t
t" a!0 3aca!c0 i! a speci&ic %i3isi"! shall c"+e "!l0 &r"+ the
!"+i!ees "& the sect"r #hich !"+i!ate% the pre%ecess"r. The Lab"r
Arbiters shall als" be app"i!te% b0 the Presi%e!t/ ,p"!
rec"++e!%ati"! "& the C"++issi"! e! ba!c t" a speci&ic arbitrati"!
bra!ch/ pre&erabl0 i! the re-i"! #here the0 are resi%e!ts/ a!% shall
be s,b4ect t" the Ci3il Ser3ice La#/ r,les a!% re-,lati"!sB Pr"3i%e%/
that the Lab"r Arbiters #h" are prese!tl0 h"l%i!- "&&ice i! the re-i"!
#here the0 are resi%e!ts shall be %ee+e% app"i!te% thereat.
The Chair+a! a!% the C"++issi"!/ shall app"i!t the sta&& a!%
e+pl"0ees "& the C"++issi"!/ a!% its re-i"!al bra!ches as the !ee%s
"& the ser3ice +a0 re1,ire/ s,b4ect t" the Ci3il Ser3ice La#/ r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s/ a!% ,p-ra%e their c,rre!t salaries/ be!e&its a!% "ther
e+"l,+e!ts i! acc"r%a!ce #ith la#. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./
Rep,blic Act N". 9.57 JG,l0 $7/ $88)K a!% as pre3i",sl0 a+e!%e% b0
Secti"! 7/ Rep,blic Act N". )716 JMarch $1/ 19<9K*.
Article $1). Salaries/ be!e&its a!% "ther e+"l,+e!ts. ; The Chair+a!
a!% +e+bers "& the C"++issi"! shall ha3e the sa+e ra!/ recei3e a!
a!!,al salar0 e1,i3ale!t t"/ a!% be e!title% t" the sa+e all"#a!ces/
retire+e!t a!% be!e&its as/ th"se "& the Presi%i!- G,stice a!% Ass"ciate
G,stices "& the C",rt "& Appeals/ respecti3el0. Lab"r Arbiters shall ha3e
the sa+e ra!/ recei3e a! a!!,al salar0 e1,i3ale!t t" a!% be e!title% t"
the sa+e all"#a!ces/ retire+e!t a!% "ther be!e&its a!% pri3ile-es as
th"se "& the 4,%-es "& the re-i"!al trial c",rts. I! !" case/ h"#e3er/ shall
the pr"3isi"! "& this Article res,lt i! the %i+i!,ti"! "& the e'isti!-
salaries/ all"#a!ces a!% be!e&its "& the a&"re+e!ti"!e% "&&icials. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 5/ Rep,blic Act N". 9.57 JG,l0 $7/ $88)K a!% as
pre3i",sl0 a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! </ Rep,blic Act N". )716 JMarch $1/
19<9K*.

Chapter II
POEERS AND DDTIES

Article. $17. <urisdiction of the Labor Arbiters and the Commission. -
(a* E'cept as "ther#ise pr"3i%e% ,!%er this C"%e/ the Lab"r Arbiters
shall ha3e "ri-i!al a!% e'cl,si3e 4,ris%icti"! t" hear a!% %eci%e/
#ithi! thirt0 (.8* cale!%ar %a0s a&ter the s,b+issi"! "& the case b0
the parties &"r %ecisi"! #ith",t e'te!si"!/ e3e! i! the abse!ce "&
ste!"-raphic !"tes/ the &"ll"#i!- cases i!3"l3i!- all #"rers/ #hether
a-ric,lt,ral "r !"!-a-ric,lt,ralB
1. D!&air lab"r practice casesC
$. Ter+i!ati"! %isp,tesC
.. I& acc"+pa!ie% #ith a clai+ &"r rei!state+e!t/ th"se cases that
#"rers +a0 &ile i!3"l3i!- #a-es/ rates "& pa0/ h",rs "& #"r a!%
"ther ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!tC
5. Clai+s &"r act,al/ +"ral/ e'e+plar0 a!% "ther &"r+s "& %a+a-es
arisi!- &r"+ the e+pl"0er-e+pl"0ee relati"!sC
6. Cases arisi!- &r"+ a!0 3i"lati"! "& Article $)5 "& this C"%e/
i!cl,%i!- 1,esti"!s i!3"l3i!- the le-alit0 "& stries a!% l"c",tsC a!%
). E'cept clai+s &"r E+pl"0ees C"+pe!sati"!/ S"cial Sec,rit0/
Me%icare a!% +ater!it0 be!e&its/ all "ther clai+s arisi!- &r"+
e+pl"0er-e+pl"0ee relati"!s/ i!cl,%i!- th"se "& pers"!s i! %"+estic
"r h",seh"l% ser3ice/ i!3"l3i!- a! a+",!t e'cee%i!- &i3e th",sa!%
pes"s (P6/888.88* re-ar%less "& #hether acc"+pa!ie% #ith a clai+
&"r rei!state+e!t.
(b* The C"++issi"! shall ha3e e'cl,si3e appellate 4,ris%icti"! "3er
all cases %eci%e% b0 Lab"r Arbiters.

(c* Cases arisi!- &r"+ the i!terpretati"! "r i+ple+e!tati"! "&
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!ts a!% th"se arisi!- &r"+ the
i!terpretati"! "r e!&"rce+e!t "& c"+pa!0 pers"!!el p"licies shall be
%isp"se% "& b0 the Lab"r Arbiter b0 re&erri!- the sa+e t" the
-rie3a!ce +achi!er0 a!% 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"! as +a0 be pr"3i%e% i!
sai% a-ree+e!ts. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 9/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $1<. Po!ers of the Commission. - The C"++issi"! shall ha3e
the p"#er a!% a,th"rit0B
(a* T" pr"+,l-ate r,les a!% re-,lati"!s -"3er!i!- the heari!- a!%
%isp"siti"! "& cases be&"re it a!% its re-i"!al bra!ches/ as #ell as
th"se pertai!i!- t" its i!ter!al &,!cti"!s a!% s,ch r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s as +a0 be !ecessar0 t" carr0 ",t the p,rp"ses "& this
C"%eC (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 18/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
(b* T" a%+i!ister "aths/ s,++"! the parties t" a c"!tr"3ers0/ iss,e
s,bp"e!as re1,iri!- the atte!%a!ce a!% testi+"!0 "& #it!esses "r
the pr"%,cti"! "& s,ch b""s/ papers/ c"!tracts/ rec"r%s/ state+e!t "&
acc",!ts/ a-ree+e!ts/ a!% "thers as +a0 be +aterial t" a 4,st
%eter+i!ati"! "& the +atter ,!%er i!3esti-ati"!/ a!% t" testi&0 i! a!0
i!3esti-ati"! "r heari!- c"!%,cte% i! p,rs,a!ce "& this C"%eCcha! r"bles
3irt,al la# librar0
(c* T" c"!%,ct i!3esti-ati"! &"r the %eter+i!ati"! "& a 1,esti"!/
+atter "r c"!tr"3ers0 #ithi! its 4,ris%icti"!/ pr"cee% t" hear a!%
%eter+i!e the %isp,tes i! the abse!ce "& a!0 part0 theret" #h" has
bee! s,++"!e% "r ser3e% #ith !"tice t" appear/ c"!%,ct its
pr"cee%i!-s "r a!0 part there"& i! p,blic "r i! pri3ate/ a%4",r! its
heari!-s t" a!0 ti+e a!% place/ re&er tech!ical +atters "r acc",!ts t"
a! e'pert a!% t" accept his rep"rt as e3i%e!ce a&ter heari!- "& the
parties ,p"! %,e !"tice/ %irect parties t" be 4"i!e% i! "r e'cl,%e%
&r"+ the pr"cee%i!-s/ c"rrect/ a+e!%/ "r #ai3e a!0 err"r/ %e&ect "r
irre-,larit0 #hether i! s,bsta!ce "r i! &"r+/ -i3e all s,ch %irecti"!s
as it +a0 %ee+ !ecessar0 "r e'pe%ie!t i! the %eter+i!ati"! "& the
%isp,te be&"re it/ a!% %is+iss a!0 +atter "r re&rai! &r"+ &,rther
heari!- "r &r"+ %eter+i!i!- the %isp,te "r part there"&/ #here it is
tri3ial "r #here &,rther pr"cee%i!-s b0 the C"++issi"! are !"t
!ecessar0 "r %esirableC a!%
(%* T" h"l% a!0 pers"! i! c"!te+pt %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0 a!% i+p"se
appr"priate pe!alties there&"r i! acc"r%a!ce #ith la#.
A pers"! -,ilt0 "& +isbeha3i"r i! the prese!ce "& "r s" !ear the
Chair+a! "r a!0 +e+ber "& the C"++issi"! "r a!0 Lab"r Arbiter as
t" "bstr,ct "r i!terr,pt the pr"cee%i!-s be&"re the sa+e/ i!cl,%i!-
%isrespect t"#ar% sai% "&&icials/ "&&e!si3e pers"!alities t"#ar% "thers/
"r re&,sal t" be s#"r!/ "r t" a!s#er as a #it!ess "r t" s,bscribe a!
a&&i%a3it "r %ep"siti"! #he! la#&,ll0 re1,ire% t" %" s"/ +a0 be
s,++aril0 a%4,%-e% i! %irect c"!te+pt b0 sai% "&&icials a!% p,!ishe%
b0 &i!e !"t e'cee%i!- &i3e h,!%re% pes"s (P688* "r i+pris"!+e!t !"t
e'cee%i!- &i3e (6* %a0s/ "r b"th/ i& it be the C"++issi"!/ "r a +e+ber
there"&/ "r b0 a &i!e !"t e'cee%i!- "!e h,!%re% pes"s (P188* "r
i+pris"!+e!t !"t e'cee%i!- "!e (1* %a0/ "r b"th/ i& it be a Lab"r
Arbiter.
The pers"! a%4,%-e% i! %irect c"!te+pt b0 a Lab"r Arbiter +a0
appeal t" the C"++issi"! a!% the e'ec,ti"! "& the 4,%-+e!t shall be
s,spe!%e% pe!%i!- the res"l,ti"! "& the appeal ,p"! the &ili!- b0
s,ch pers"! "& a b"!% "! c"!%iti"! that he #ill abi%e b0 a!% per&"r+
the 4,%-+e!t "& the C"++issi"! sh",l% the appeal be %eci%e%
a-ai!st hi+. G,%-+e!t "& the C"++issi"! "! %irect c"!te+pt is
i++e%iatel0 e'ec,t"r0 a!% ,!appealable. I!%irect c"!te+pt shall be
%ealt #ith b0 the C"++issi"! "r Lab"r Arbiter i! the +a!!er
prescribe% ,!%er R,le 71 "& the Re3ise% R,les "& C",rtC a!% (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 18/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
(e* T" e!4"i! "r restrai! a!0 act,al "r threate!e% c"++issi"! "& a!0
"r all pr"hibite% "r ,!la#&,l acts "r t" re1,ire the per&"r+a!ce "& a
partic,lar act i! a!0 lab"r %isp,te #hich/ i& !"t restrai!e% "r
per&"r+e% &"rth#ith/ +a0 ca,se -ra3e "r irreparable %a+a-e t" a!0
part0 "r re!%er i!e&&ect,al a!0 %ecisi"! i! &a3"r "& s,ch part0B
Pr"3i%e%/ That !" te+p"rar0 "r per+a!e!t i!4,!cti"! i! a!0 case
i!3"l3i!- "r -r"#i!- ",t "& a lab"r %isp,te as %e&i!e% i! this C"%e
shall be iss,e% e'cept a&ter heari!- the testi+"!0 "& #it!esses/ #ith
"pp"rt,!it0 &"r cr"ss-e'a+i!ati"!/ i! s,pp"rt "& the alle-ati"!s "& a
c"+plai!t +a%e ,!%er "ath/ a!% testi+"!0 i! "pp"siti"! theret"/ i&
"&&ere%/ a!% "!l0 a&ter a &i!%i!- "& &act b0 the C"++issi"!/ t" the
e&&ectB
(1* That pr"hibite% "r ,!la#&,l acts ha3e bee! threate!e% a!% #ill be
c"++itte% a!% #ill be c"!ti!,e% ,!less restrai!e%/ b,t !" i!4,!cti"!
"r te+p"rar0 restrai!i!- "r%er shall be iss,e% "! acc",!t "& a!0
threat/ pr"hibite% "r ,!la#&,l act/ e'cept a-ai!st the pers"! "r
pers"!s/ ass"ciati"! "r "r-a!i2ati"! +ai!- the threat "r c"++itti!-
the pr"hibite% "r ,!la#&,l act "r act,all0 a,th"ri2i!- "r rati&0i!- the
sa+e a&ter act,al !"#le%-e there"&C
($* That s,bsta!tial a!% irreparable i!4,r0 t" c"+plai!a!t@s pr"pert0
#ill &"ll"#C
(.* That as t" each ite+ "& relie& t" be -ra!te%/ -reater i!4,r0 #ill be
i!&licte% ,p"! c"+plai!a!t b0 the %e!ial "& relie& tha! #ill be
i!&licte% ,p"! %e&e!%a!ts b0 the -ra!ti!- "& relie&C
(5* That c"+plai!a!t has !" a%e1,ate re+e%0 at la#C a!%
(6* That the p,blic "&&icers char-e% #ith the %,t0 t" pr"tect
c"+plai!a!t@s pr"pert0 are ,!able "r ,!#illi!- t" &,r!ish a%e1,ate
pr"tecti"!.
S,ch heari!- shall be hel% a&ter %,e a!% pers"!al !"tice there"& has
bee! ser3e%/ i! s,ch +a!!er as the C"++issi"! shall %irect/ t" all
!"#! pers"!s a-ai!st #h"+ relie& is s",-ht/ a!% als" t" the Chie&
E'ec,ti3e a!% "ther p,blic "&&icials "& the pr"3i!ce "r cit0 #ithi!
#hich the ,!la#&,l acts ha3e bee! threate!e% "r c"++itte%/ char-e%
#ith the %,t0 t" pr"tect c"+plai!a!t@s pr"pert0B Pr"3i%e%/ h"#e3er/
that i& a c"+plai!a!t shall als" alle-e that/ ,!less a te+p"rar0
restrai!i!- "r%er shall be iss,e% #ith",t !"tice/ a s,bsta!tial a!%
irreparable i!4,r0 t" c"+plai!a!t@s pr"pert0 #ill be ,!a3"i%able/
s,ch a te+p"rar0 restrai!i!- "r%er +a0 be iss,e% ,p"! testi+"!0
,!%er "ath/ s,&&icie!t/ i& s,stai!e%/ t" 4,sti&0 the C"++issi"! i!
iss,i!- a te+p"rar0 i!4,!cti"! ,p"! heari!- a&ter !"tice. S,ch a
te+p"rar0 restrai!i!- "r%er shall be e&&ecti3e &"r !" l"!-er tha!
t#e!t0 ($8* %a0s a!% shall bec"+e 3"i% at the e'pirati"! "& sai%
t#e!t0 ($8* %a0s. N" s,ch te+p"rar0 restrai!i!- "r%er "r te+p"rar0
i!4,!cti"! shall be iss,e% e'cept "! c"!%iti"! that c"+plai!a!t shall
&irst &ile a! ,!%ertai!- #ith a%e1,ate sec,rit0 i! a! a+",!t t" be
&i'e% b0 the C"++issi"! s,&&icie!t t" rec"+pe!se th"se e!4"i!e% &"r
a!0 l"ss/ e'pe!se "r %a+a-e ca,se% b0 the i+pr"3i%e!t "r err"!e",s
iss,a!ce "& s,ch "r%er "r i!4,!cti"!/ i!cl,%i!- all reas"!able c"sts/
t"-ether #ith a reas"!able att"r!e0@s &ee/ a!% e'pe!se "& %e&e!se
a-ai!st the "r%er "r a-ai!st the -ra!ti!- "& a!0 i!4,!cti3e relie&
s",-ht i! the sa+e pr"cee%i!- a!% s,bse1,e!tl0 %e!ie% b0 the
C"++issi"!.
The ,!%ertai!- herei! +e!ti"!e% shall be ,!%erst""% t" c"!stit,te
a! a-ree+e!t e!tere% i!t" b0 the c"+plai!a!t a!% the s,ret0 ,p"!
#hich a! "r%er +a0 be re!%ere% i! the sa+e s,it "r pr"cee%i!-
a-ai!st sai% c"+plai!a!t a!% s,ret0/ ,p"! a heari!- t" assess
%a+a-es/ "& #hich heari!-/ c"+plai!a!t a!% s,ret0 shall ha3e
reas"!able !"tice/ the sai% c"+plai!a!t a!% s,ret0 s,b+itti!-
the+sel3es t" the 4,ris%icti"! "& the C"++issi"! &"r that p,rp"se.
=,t !"thi!- herei! c"!tai!e% shall %epri3e a!0 part0 ha3i!- a clai+
"r ca,se "& acti"! ,!%er "r ,p"! s,ch ,!%ertai!- &r"+ electi!- t"
p,rs,e his "r%i!ar0 re+e%0 b0 s,it at la# "r i! e1,it0B Pr"3i%e%/
&,rther/ That the recepti"! "& e3i%e!ce &"r the applicati"! "& a #rit "&
i!4,!cti"! +a0 be %ele-ate% b0 the C"++issi"! t" a!0 "& its Lab"r
Arbiters #h" shall c"!%,ct s,ch heari!-s i! s,ch places as he +a0
%eter+i!e t" be accessible t" the parties a!% their #it!esses a!% shall
s,b+it therea&ter his rec"++e!%ati"! t" the C"++issi"!. (As a+e!%e%
b0 Secti"! 18/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $19. 'cular inspection. - The Chair+a!/ a!0 C"++issi"!er/
Lab"r Arbiter "r their %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3es/ +a0/ at a!0
ti+e %,ri!- #"ri!- h",rs/ c"!%,ct a! "c,lar i!specti"! "! a!0
establish+e!t/ b,il%i!-/ ship "r 3essel/ place "r pre+ises/ i!cl,%i!-
a!0 #"r/ +aterial/ i+ple+e!t/ +achi!er0/ applia!ce "r a!0 "b4ect
therei!/ a!% as a!0 e+pl"0ee/ lab"rer/ "r a!0 pers"!/ as the case
+a0 be/ &"r a!0 i!&"r+ati"! "r %ata c"!cer!i!- a!0 +atter "r
1,esti"! relati3e t" the "b4ect "& the i!3esti-ati"!.
J Article. $$8. Compulsory arbitration. The C"++issi"! "r a!0
Lab"r Arbiter shall ha3e the p"#er t" as the assista!ce "& "ther
-"3er!+e!t "&&icials a!% 1,ali&ie% pri3ate citi2e!s t" act as
c"+p,ls"r0 arbitrat"rs "! cases re&erre% t" the+ a!% t" &i' a!%
assess the &ees "& s,ch c"+p,ls"r0 arbitrat"rs/ tai!- i!t" acc",!t
the !at,re "& the case/ the ti+e c"!s,+e% i! heari!- the case/ the
pr"&essi"!al sta!%i!- "& the arbitrat"rs/ the &i!a!cial capacit0 "& the
parties/ a!% the &ees pr"3i%e% i! the R,les "& C",rt.K (Repeale% b0 Secti"!
1)/ =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 1.8/ A,-,st $1/ 19<1*.
Article. $$1. Technical rules not binding and prior resort to
amicable settlement. - I! a!0 pr"cee%i!- be&"re the C"++issi"! "r
a!0 "& the Lab"r Arbiters/ the r,les "& e3i%e!ce pre3aili!- i! c",rts "&
la# "r e1,it0 shall !"t be c"!tr"lli!- a!% it is the spirit a!% i!te!ti"!
"& this C"%e that the C"++issi"! a!% its +e+bers a!% the Lab"r
Arbiters shall ,se e3er0 a!% all reas"!able +ea!s t" ascertai! the
&acts i! each case spee%il0 a!% "b4ecti3el0 a!% #ith",t re-ar% t"
tech!icalities "& la# "r pr"ce%,re/ all i! the i!terest "& %,e pr"cess. I!
a!0 pr"cee%i!- be&"re the C"++issi"! "r a!0 Lab"r Arbiter/ the
parties +a0 be represe!te% b0 le-al c",!sel b,t it shall be the %,t0 "&
the Chair+a!/ a!0 Presi%i!- C"++issi"!er "r C"++issi"!er "r a!0
Lab"r Arbiter t" e'ercise c"+plete c"!tr"l "& the pr"cee%i!-s at all
sta-es.
A!0 pr"3isi"! "& la# t" the c"!trar0 !"t#ithsta!%i!-/ the Lab"r
Arbiter shall e'ert all e&&"rts t"#ar%s the a+icable settle+e!t "& a
lab"r %isp,te #ithi! his 4,ris%icti"! "! "r be&"re the &irst heari!-.
The sa+e r,le shall appl0 t" the C"++issi"! i! the e'ercise "& its
"ri-i!al 4,ris%icti"!. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 11/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/
19<9*.
Article. $$$. Appearances and *ees. - (a* N"!-la#0ers +a0 appear
be&"re the C"++issi"! "r a!0 Lab"r Arbiter "!l0B
1. I& the0 represe!t the+sel3esC "r $. I& the0 represe!t their
"r-a!i2ati"! "r +e+bers there"&.
(b* N" att"r!e0@s &ees/ !e-"tiati"! &ees "r si+ilar char-es "& a!0 i!%
arisi!- &r"+ a!0 c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t shall be i+p"se% "!
a!0 i!%i3i%,al +e+ber "& the c"!tracti!- ,!i"!B Pr"3i%e%/ F"#e3er/
that att"r!e0@s &ees +a0 be char-e% a-ai!st ,!i"! &,!%s i! a! a+",!t
t" be a-ree% ,p"! b0 the parties. A!0 c"!tract/ a-ree+e!t "r
arra!-e+e!t "& a!0 s"rt t" the c"!trar0 shall be !,ll a!% 3"i%. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Presi%e!tial Decree N". 1)91/ Ma0 1/ 19<8*.

Chapter III
APPEAL

Article. $$.. Appeal. - Decisi"!s/ a#ar%s/ "r "r%ers "& the Lab"r
Arbiter are &i!al a!% e'ec,t"r0 ,!less appeale% t" the C"++issi"! b0
a!0 "r b"th parties #ithi! te! (18* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ receipt "& s,ch
%ecisi"!s/ a#ar%s/ "r "r%ers. S,ch appeal +a0 be e!tertai!e% "!l0 "!
a!0 "& the &"ll"#i!- -r",!%sB
(a* I& there is prima facie e3i%e!ce "& ab,se "& %iscreti"! "! the part
"& the Lab"r ArbiterC
(b* I& the %ecisi"!/ "r%er "r a#ar% #as sec,re% thr",-h &ra,% "r
c"erci"!/ i!cl,%i!- -ra&t a!% c"rr,pti"!C
(c* I& +a%e p,rel0 "! 1,esti"!s "& la#C a!%
(%* I& seri",s err"rs i! the &i!%i!-s "& &acts are raise% #hich #",l%
ca,se -ra3e "r irreparable %a+a-e "r i!4,r0 t" the appella!t.
I! case "& a 4,%-+e!t i!3"l3i!- a +"!etar0 a#ar%/ a! appeal b0 the
e+pl"0er +a0 be per&ecte% "!l0 ,p"! the p"sti!- "& a cash "r s,ret0
b"!% iss,e% b0 a rep,table b"!%i!- c"+pa!0 %,l0 accre%ite% b0 the
C"++issi"! i! the a+",!t e1,i3ale!t t" the +"!etar0 a#ar% i! the
4,%-+e!t appeale% &r"+.
I! a!0 e3e!t/ the %ecisi"! "& the Lab"r Arbiter rei!stati!- a %is+isse%
"r separate% e+pl"0ee/ i!s"&ar as the rei!state+e!t aspect is
c"!cer!e%/ shall i++e%iatel0 be e'ec,t"r0/ e3e! pe!%i!- appeal. The
e+pl"0ee shall either be a%+itte% bac t" #"r ,!%er the sa+e ter+s
a!% c"!%iti"!s pre3aili!- pri"r t" his %is+issal "r separati"! "r/ at
the "pti"! "& the e+pl"0er/ +erel0 rei!state% i! the pa0r"ll. The
p"sti!- "& a b"!% b0 the e+pl"0er shall !"t sta0 the e'ec,ti"! &"r
rei!state+e!t pr"3i%e% herei!.
T" %isc",ra-e &ri3"l",s "r %ilat"r0 appeals/ the C"++issi"! "r the
Lab"r Arbiter shall i+p"se reas"!able pe!alt0/ i!cl,%i!- &i!es "r
ce!s,res/ ,p"! the erri!- parties.
I! all cases/ the appella!t shall &,r!ish a c"p0 "& the +e+"ra!%,+ "&
appeal t" the "ther part0 #h" shall &ile a! a!s#er !"t later tha! te!
(18* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ receipt there"&.
The C"++issi"! shall %eci%e all cases #ithi! t#e!t0 ($8* cale!%ar
%a0s &r"+ receipt "& the a!s#er "& the appellee. The %ecisi"! "& the
C"++issi"! shall be &i!al a!% e'ec,t"r0 a&ter te! (18* cale!%ar %a0s
&r"+ receipt there"& b0 the parties.
A!0 la# e!&"rce+e!t a-e!c0 +a0 be %ep,ti2e% b0 the Secretar0 "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r the C"++issi"! i! the e!&"rce+e!t "&
%ecisi"!s/ a#ar%s "r "r%ers. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1$/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/
March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $$5. (,ecution of decisions3 orders or a!ards. - (a* The
Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r a!0 Re-i"!al Direct"r/ the
C"++issi"! "r a!0 Lab"r Arbiter/ "r Me%-Arbiter "r V"l,!tar0
Arbitrat"r +a0/ motu proprio "r "! +"ti"! "& a!0 i!tereste% part0/
iss,e a #rit "& e'ec,ti"! "! a 4,%-+e!t #ithi! &i3e (6* 0ears &r"+ the
%ate it bec"+es &i!al a!% e'ec,t"r0/ re1,iri!- a sheri&& "r a %,l0
%ep,ti2e% "&&icer t" e'ec,te "r e!&"rce &i!al %ecisi"!s/ "r%ers "r
a#ar%s "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r re-i"!al
%irect"r/ the C"++issi"!/ the Lab"r Arbiter "r +e%-arbiter/ "r
3"l,!tar0 arbitrat"rs. I! a!0 case/ it shall be the %,t0 "& the
resp"!sible "&&icer t" separatel0 &,r!ish i++e%iatel0 the c",!sels "&
rec"r% a!% the parties #ith c"pies "& sai% %ecisi"!s/ "r%ers "r a#ar%s.
:ail,re t" c"+pl0 #ith the %,t0 prescribe% herei! shall s,b4ect s,ch
resp"!sible "&&icer t" appr"priate a%+i!istrati3e sa!cti"!s.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
(b* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ a!% the Chair+a! "& the
C"++issi"! +a0 %esi-!ate special sheri&&s a!% tae a!0 +eas,re
,!%er e'isti!- la#s t" e!s,re c"+plia!ce #ith their %ecisi"!s/ "r%ers
"r a#ar%s a!% th"se "& the Lab"r Arbiters a!% 3"l,!tar0 arbitrat"rs/
i!cl,%i!- the i+p"siti"! "& a%+i!istrati3e &i!es #hich shall !"t be
less tha! P688.88 !"r +"re tha! P18/888.88. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1./
Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $$6. Contempt po!ers of the $ecretary of Labor. - I! the
e'ercise "& his p"#ers ,!%er this C"%e/ the Secretar0 "& Lab"r +a0
h"l% a!0 pers"! i! %irect "r i!%irect c"!te+pt a!% i+p"se the
appr"priate pe!alties there&"r.

Title III
=DREAD O: LA=OR RELATIONS

Article. $$). )ureau of Labor Relations. - The =,rea, "& Lab"r
Relati"!s a!% the Lab"r Relati"!s Di3isi"!s i! the re-i"!al "&&ices "&
the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r/ shall ha3e "ri-i!al a!% e'cl,si3e a,th"rit0
t" act/ at their "#! i!itiati3e "r ,p"! re1,est "& either "r b"th parties/
"! all i!ter-,!i"! a!% i!tra-,!i"! c"!&licts/ a!% all %isp,tes/
-rie3a!ces "r pr"ble+s arisi!- &r"+ "r a&&ecti!- lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t
relati"!s i! all #"rplaces/ #hether a-ric,lt,ral "r !"!-a-ric,lt,ral/
e'cept th"se arisi!- &r"+ the i+ple+e!tati"! "r i!terpretati"! "&
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!ts #hich shall be the s,b4ect "&
-rie3a!ce pr"ce%,re a!%>"r 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"!.
The =,rea, shall ha3e &i&tee! (16* #"ri!- %a0s t" act "! lab"r cases
be&"re it/ s,b4ect t" e'te!si"! b0 a-ree+e!t "& the parties. (As a+e!%e%
b0 Secti"! 15/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $$7. Compromise agreements. - A!0 c"+pr"+ise settle+e!t/
i!cl,%i!- th"se i!3"l3i!- lab"r sta!%ar% la#s/ 3"l,!taril0 a-ree%
,p"! b0 the parties #ith the assista!ce "& the =,rea, "r the re-i"!al
"&&ice "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r/ shall be &i!al a!% bi!%i!- ,p"! the
parties. The Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s C"++issi"! "r a!0 c",rt/ shall
!"t ass,+e 4,ris%icti"! "3er iss,es i!3"l3e% therei! e'cept i! case "&
!"!-c"+plia!ce there"& "r i& there is prima facie e3i%e!ce that the
settle+e!t #as "btai!e% thr",-h &ra,%/ +isreprese!tati"!/ "r
c"erci"!.
JART. $$<. #ndorsement of cases to Labor Arbiters. (a* E'cept as
pr"3i%e% i! para-raph (b* "& this Article/ the Lab"r Arbiter shall
e!tertai! "!l0 cases e!%"rse% t" hi+ &"r c"+p,ls"r0 arbitrati"! b0
the =,rea, "r b0 the Re-i"!al Direct"r #ith a #ritte! !"tice "& s,ch
i!%"rse+e!t "r !"!-i!%"rse+e!t. The i!%"rse+e!t "r !"!-
i!%"rse+e!t "& the Re-i"!al Direct"r +a0 be appeale% t" the =,rea,
#ithi! te! (18* #"ri!- %a0s &r"+ receipt "& the !"tice.
(b* The parties +a0/ at a!0 ti+e/ b0 +,t,al a-ree+e!t/ #ith%ra# a
case &r"+ the C"!ciliati"! Secti"! a!% 4"i!tl0 s,b+it it t" a Lab"r
Arbiter/ e'cept %ea%l"cs i! c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-.K (Repeale% b0 Secti"! 1)/
=atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 1.8/ A,-,st $1/ 19<1*.
Article. $$9. #ssuance of subpoenas. - The =,rea, shall ha3e the
p"#er t" re1,ire the appeara!ce "& a!0 pers"! "r the pr"%,cti"! "&
a!0 paper/ %"c,+e!t "r +atter rele3a!t t" a lab"r %isp,te ,!%er its
4,ris%icti"!/ either at the re1,est "& a!0 i!tereste% part0 "r at its "#!
i!itiati3e.
Article. $.8. Appointment of bureau personnel. - The Secretar0 "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0 app"i!t/ i! a%%iti"! t" the prese!t
pers"!!el "& the =,rea, a!% the I!%,strial Relati"!s Di3isi"!s/ s,ch
!,+ber "& e'a+i!ers a!% "ther assista!ts as +a0 be !ecessar0 t"
carr0 ",t the p,rp"se "& the C"%e. JAs a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 16/ Rep,blic Act N".
)716/ March $1/ 19<9K.
Article. $.1. Registry of unions and file of collective bargaining
agreements. - The =,rea, shall eep a re-istr0 "& le-iti+ate lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!s. The =,rea, shall als" +ai!tai! a &ile "& all c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!ts a!% "ther relate% a-ree+e!ts a!% rec"r%s "&
settle+e!t "& lab"r %isp,tes a!% c"pies "& "r%ers a!% %ecisi"!s "&
3"l,!tar0 arbitrat"rs. The &ile shall be "pe! a!% accessible t"
i!tereste% parties ,!%er c"!%iti"!s prescribe% b0 the Secretar0 "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ pr"3i%e% that !" speci&ic i!&"r+ati"!
s,b+itte% i! c"!&i%e!ce shall be %iscl"se% ,!less a,th"ri2e% b0 the
Secretar0/ "r #he! it is at iss,e i! a!0 4,%icial liti-ati"!/ "r #he!
p,blic i!terest "r !ati"!al sec,rit0 s" re1,ires.
Eithi! thirt0 (.8* %a0s &r"+ the e'ec,ti"! "& a C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!-
A-ree+e!t/ the parties shall s,b+it c"pies "& the sa+e %irectl0 t" the
=,rea, "r the Re-i"!al O&&ices "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t &"r re-istrati"!/ acc"+pa!ie% #ith 3eri&ie% pr""&s "& its
p"sti!- i! t#" c"!spic,",s places i! the place "& #"r a!%
rati&icati"! b0 the +a4"rit0 "& all the #"rers i! the bar-ai!i!- ,!it.
The =,rea, "r Re-i"!al O&&ices shall act ,p"! the applicati"! &"r
re-istrati"! "& s,ch C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t #ithi! &i3e (6*
cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ receipt there"&. The Re-i"!al O&&ices shall &,r!ish
the =,rea, #ith a c"p0 "& the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t #ithi!
&i3e (6* %a0s &r"+ its s,b+issi"!.
The =,rea, "r Re-i"!al O&&ice shall assess the e+pl"0er &"r e3er0
C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t a re-istrati"! &ee "& !"t less tha!
"!e th",sa!% pes"s (P1/888.88* "r i! a!0 "ther a+",!t as +a0 be
%ee+e% appr"priate a!% !ecessar0 b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t &"r the e&&ecti3e a!% e&&icie!t a%+i!istrati"! "& the
V"l,!tar0 Arbitrati"! Pr"-ra+. A!0 a+",!t c"llecte% ,!%er this
pr"3isi"! shall accr,e t" the Special V"l,!tar0 Arbitrati"! :,!%.
The =,rea, shall als" +ai!tai! a &ile a!% shall ,!%ertae "r assist i!
the p,blicati"! "& all &i!al %ecisi"!s/ "r%ers a!% a#ar%s "& the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ Re-i"!al Direct"rs a!% the
C"++issi"!. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 16/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $.$. Prohibition on certification election. - The =,rea, shall
!"t e!tertai! a!0 petiti"! &"r certi&icati"! electi"! "r a!0 "ther acti"!
#hich +a0 %ist,rb the a%+i!istrati"! "& %,l0 re-istere% e'isti!-
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!ts a&&ecti!- the parties e'cept ,!%er
Articles $6./ $6.-A a!% $6) "& this C"%e. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 16/ Rep,blic
Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $... Privileged communication. - I!&"r+ati"! a!%
state+e!ts +a%e at c"!ciliati"! pr"cee%i!-s shall be treate% as
pri3ile-e% c"++,!icati"! a!% shall !"t be ,se% as e3i%e!ce i! the
C"++issi"!. C"!ciliat"rs a!% si+ilar "&&icials shall !"t testi&0 i! a!0
c",rt "r b"%0 re-ar%i!- a!0 +atters tae! ,p at c"!ciliati"!
pr"cee%i!-s c"!%,cte% b0 the+.

Title IV
LA=OR ORGANIMATIONS

Chapter I
REGISTRATION AND CANCELLATION

Article $.5. Re1,ire+e!ts "& re-istrati"!. - A &e%erati"!/ !ati"!al
,!i"! "r i!%,str0 "r tra%e ,!i"! ce!ter "r a! i!%epe!%e!t ,!i"!
shall ac1,ire le-al pers"!alit0 a!% shall be e!title% t" the ri-hts a!%
pri3ile-es -ra!te% b0 la# t" le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s ,p"!
iss,a!ce "& the certi&icate "& re-istrati"! base% "! the &"ll"#i!-
re1,ire+e!tsB
(a* :i&t0 pes"s (P68.88* re-istrati"! &eeC
(b* The !a+es "& its "&&icers/ their a%%resses/ the pri!cipal a%%ress
"& the lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!/ the +i!,tes "& the "r-a!i2ati"!al +eeti!-s
a!% the list "& the #"rers #h" participate% i! s,ch +eeti!-sC
(c* I! case the applica!t is a! i!%epe!%e!t ,!i"!/ the !a+es "& all
its +e+bers c"+prisi!- at least t#e!t0 perce!t ($8?* "& all the
e+pl"0ees i! the bar-ai!i!- ,!it #here it sees t" "perateC
(%* I& the applica!t ,!i"! has bee! i! e'iste!ce &"r "!e "r +"re
0ears/ c"pies "& its a!!,al &i!a!cial rep"rtsC a!%
(e* :",r c"pies "& the c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s "& the applica!t
,!i"!/ +i!,tes "& its a%"pti"! "r rati&icati"!/ a!% the list "& the
+e+bers #h" participate% i! it. (As a+e!%e% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa
=ila!- 1.8/ A,-,st $1/ 19<1 a!% Secti"! 1/ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1
#hich lapse% i!t" la# "! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e
15/ $887*.
Article $.5-A. Charteri!- a!% creati"! "& a l"cal chapter. - A %,l0
re-istere% &e%erati"! "r !ati"!al ,!i"! +a0 %irectl0 create a l"cal
chapter b0 iss,i!- a charter certi&icate i!%icati!- the establish+e!t "&
the l"cal chapter. The chapter shall ac1,ire le-al pers"!alit0 "!l0 &"r
p,rp"ses "& &ili!- a petiti"! &"r certi&icati"! electi"! &r"+ the %ate it
#as iss,e% a charter certi&icate.
The chapter shall be e!title% t" all "ther ri-hts a!% pri3ile-es "& a
le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! "!l0 ,p"! the s,b+issi"! "& the
&"ll"#i!- %"c,+e!ts i! a%%iti"! t" its charter certi&icateB
(a* The !a+es "& the chapter@s "&&icers/ their a%%resses/ a!% the
pri!cipal "&&ice "& the chapterC a!%
(b* The chapter@s c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#sB Pr"3i%e%/ That #here
the chapter@s c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s are the sa+e as that "& the
&e%erati"! "r the !ati"!al ,!i"!/ this &act shall be i!%icate%
acc"r%i!-l0.
The a%%iti"!al s,pp"rti!- re1,ire+e!ts shall be certi&ie% ,!%er "ath
b0 the secretar0 "r treas,rer "& the chapter a!% atteste% b0 its
presi%e!t. (As i!serte% b0 Secti"! $/ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich
lapse% i!t" la# "! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/
$887*.
Article $.6. Acti"! "! applicati"!. - The =,rea, shall act "! all
applicati"!s &"r re-istrati"! #ithi! thirt0 (.8* %a0s &r"+ &ili!-.
All re1,isite %"c,+e!ts a!% papers shall be certi&ie% ,!%er "ath b0
the secretar0 "r the treas,rer "& the "r-a!i2ati"!/ as the case +a0 be/
a!% atteste% t" b0 its presi%e!t.
Article $.). De!ial "& re-istrati"!C appeal. - The %ecisi"! "& the Lab"r
Relati"!s Di3isi"! i! the re-i"!al "&&ice %e!0i!- re-istrati"! +a0 be
appeale% b0 the applica!t ,!i"! t" the =,rea, #ithi! te! (18* %a0s
&r"+ receipt "& !"tice there"&.
Article $.7. A%%iti"!al re1,ire+e!ts &"r &e%erati"!s "r !ati"!al
,!i"!s. - S,b4ect t" Article $.</ i& the applica!t &"r re-istrati"! is a
&e%erati"! "r a !ati"!al ,!i"!/ it shall/ i! a%%iti"! t" the
re1,ire+e!ts "& the prece%i!- Articles/ s,b+it the &"ll"#i!-B
(a* Pr""& "& the a&&iliati"! "& at least te! (18* l"cals "r chapters/ each
"& #hich +,st be a %,l0 rec"-!i2e% c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-e!t i! the
establish+e!t "r i!%,str0 i! #hich it "perates/ s,pp"rti!- the
re-istrati"! "& s,ch applica!t &e%erati"! "r !ati"!al ,!i"!C a!%
(b* The !a+es a!% a%%resses "& the c"+pa!ies #here the l"cals "r
chapters "perate a!% the list "& all the +e+bers i! each c"+pa!0
i!3"l3e%.
Article $.<. Ca!cellati"! "& re-istrati"!. - The certi&icate "&
re-istrati"! "& a!0 le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!/ #hether !ati"!al "r
l"cal/ +a0 be ca!celle% b0 the =,rea,/ a&ter %,e heari!-/ "!l0 "! the
-r",!%s speci&ie% i! Article $.9 here"&. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./
Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich lapse% i!t" la# "! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!%
beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/ $887*.
Article $.<-A. E&&ect "& a petiti"! &"r ca!cellati"! "& re-istrati"!. - A
petiti"! &"r ca!cellati"! "& ,!i"! re-istrati"! shall !"t s,spe!% the
pr"cee%i!-s &"r certi&icati"! electi"! !"r shall it pre3e!t the &ili!- "&
a petiti"! &"r certi&icati"! electi"!.
I! case "& ca!cellati"!/ !"thi!- herei! shall restrict the ri-ht "& the
,!i"! t" see 4,st a!% e1,itable re+e%ies i! the appr"priate c",rts.
(As i!serte% b0 Secti"! 5/ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich lapse% i!t"
la# "! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/ $887*.
Article $.9. Gr",!%s &"r ca!cellati"! "& ,!i"! re-istrati"!.- The
&"ll"#i!- +a0 c"!stit,te -r",!%s &"r ca!cellati"! "& ,!i"!
re-istrati"!B
(a* Misreprese!tati"!/ &alse state+e!t "r &ra,% i! c"!!ecti"! #ith
the a%"pti"! "r rati&icati"! "& the c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s "r
a+e!%+e!ts theret"/ the +i!,tes "& rati&icati"!/ a!% the list "&
+e+bers #h" t"" part i! the rati&icati"!C
(b* Misreprese!tati"!/ &alse state+e!ts "r &ra,% i! c"!!ecti"! #ith
the electi"! "& "&&icers/ +i!,tes "& the electi"! "& "&&icers/ a!% the list
"& 3"tersC
(c* V"l,!tar0 %iss"l,ti"! b0 the +e+bers. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"!
6/ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich lapse% i!t" la# "! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!%
beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/ $887*.
Article $.9-A. V"l,!tar0 ca!cellati"! "& re-istrati"!. - The
re-istrati"! "& a le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! +a0 be ca!celle% b0 the
"r-a!i2ati"! itsel&B Pr"3i%e%/ That at least t#"-thir%s "& its -e!eral
+e+bership 3"tes/ i! a +eeti!- %,l0 calle% &"r that p,rp"se t"
%iss"l3e the "r-a!i2ati"!B Pr"3i%e%/ &,rther/ That a! applicati"! t"
ca!cel re-istrati"! is therea&ter s,b+itte% b0 the b"ar% "& the
"r-a!i2ati"!/ atteste% t" b0 the presi%e!t there"&. (I!serte% as a !e#
pr"3isi"! b0 Secti"! )/ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich lapse% i!t" la#
"! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/ $887*.
Article $58. E1,it0 "& the i!c,+be!t. ; All e'isti!- &e%erati"!s a!%
!ati"!al ,!i"!s #hich +eet the 1,ali&icati"!s "& a le-iti+ate lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"! a!% !"!e "& the -r",!%s &"r ca!cellati"! shall c"!ti!,e
t" +ai!tai! their e'isti!- a&&iliates re-ar%less "& the !at,re "& the
i!%,str0 a!% the l"cati"! "& the a&&iliates.
Chapter II
RIGFTS AND CONDITIONS O: MEM=ERSFIP
Article $51. Ri-hts a!% c"!%iti"!s "& +e+bership i! a lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!. ; The &"ll"#i!- are the ri-hts a!% c"!%iti"!s "&
+e+bership i! a lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!B
(a* N" arbitrar0 "r e'cessi3e i!itiati"! &ees shall be re1,ire% "& the
+e+bers "& a le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! !"r shall arbitrar0/
e'cessi3e "r "ppressi3e &i!e a!% &"r&eit,re be i+p"se%C
(b* The +e+bers shall be e!title% t" &,ll a!% %etaile% rep"rts &r"+
their "&&icers a!% represe!tati3es "& all &i!a!cial tra!sacti"!s as
pr"3i%e% &"r i! the c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s "& the "r-a!i2ati"!C
(c* The +e+bers shall %irectl0 elect their "&&icers/ i!cl,%i!- th"se "&
the !ati"!al ,!i"! "r &e%erati"! t" #hich the0 "r their ,!i"! is
a&&iliate%/ b0 secret ball"t at i!ter3als "& &i3e (6* 0ears. N"
1,ali&icati"! re1,ire+e!ts &"r ca!%i%ac0 t" a!0 p"siti"! shall be
i+p"se% "ther tha! +e+bership i! -""% sta!%i!- i! s,b4ect lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!. The secretar0 "r a!0 "ther resp"!sible ,!i"! "&&icer
shall &,r!ish the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t #ith a list "& the
!e#l0-electe% "&&icers/ t"-ether #ith the app"i!ti3e "&&icers "r a-e!ts
#h" are e!tr,ste% #ith the ha!%li!- "& &,!%s/ #ithi! thirt0 (.8*
cale!%ar %a0s a&ter the electi"! "& "&&icers "r &r"+ the "cc,rre!ce "&
a!0 cha!-e i! the list "& "&&icers "& the lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!C (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1)/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
(%* The +e+bers shall %eter+i!e b0 secret ball"t/ a&ter %,e
%eliberati"!/ a!0 1,esti"! "& +a4"r p"lic0 a&&ecti!- the e!tire
+e+bership "& the "r-a!i2ati"!/ ,!less the !at,re "& the
"r-a!i2ati"! "r &"rce +a4e,re re!%ers s,ch secret ball"t i+practical/
i! #hich case/ the b"ar% "& %irect"rs "& the "r-a!i2ati"! +a0 +ae
the %ecisi"! i! behal& "& the -e!eral +e+bershipC
(e* N" lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! shall !"#i!-l0 a%+it as +e+bers "r
c"!ti!,e i! +e+bership a!0 i!%i3i%,al #h" bel"!-s t" a s,b3ersi3e
"r-a!i2ati"! "r #h" is e!-a-e% %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0 i! a!0
s,b3ersi3e acti3it0C
(&* N" pers"! #h" has bee! c"!3icte% "& a cri+e i!3"l3i!- +"ral
t,rpit,%e shall be eli-ible &"r electi"! as a ,!i"! "&&icer "r &"r
app"i!t+e!t t" a!0 p"siti"! i! the ,!i"!C
(-* N" "&&icer/ a-e!t "r +e+ber "& a lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! shall c"llect
a!0 &ees/ %,es/ "r "ther c"!trib,ti"!s i! its behal& "r +ae a!0
%isb,rse+e!t "& its +"!e0 "r &,!%s ,!less he is %,l0 a,th"ri2e%
p,rs,a!t t" its c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#sC
(h* E3er0 pa0+e!t "& &ees/ %,es "r "ther c"!trib,ti"!s b0 a +e+ber
shall be e3i%e!ce% b0 a receipt si-!e% b0 the "&&icer "r a-e!t +ai!-
the c"llecti"! a!% e!tere% i!t" the rec"r% "& the "r-a!i2ati"! t" be
ept a!% +ai!tai!e% &"r the p,rp"seC
(i* The &,!%s "& the "r-a!i2ati"! shall !"t be applie% &"r a!0 p,rp"se
"r "b4ect "ther tha! th"se e'pressl0 pr"3i%e% b0 its c"!stit,ti"! a!%
b0-la#s "r th"se e'pressl0 a,th"ri2e% b0 #ritte! res"l,ti"! a%"pte%
b0 the +a4"rit0 "& the +e+bers at a -e!eral +eeti!- %,l0 calle% &"r
the p,rp"seC
(4* E3er0 i!c"+e "r re3e!,e "& the "r-a!i2ati"! shall be e3i%e!ce% b0
a rec"r% sh"#i!- its s",rce/ a!% e3er0 e'pe!%it,re "& its &,!%s shall
be e3i%e!ce% b0 a receipt &r"+ the pers"! t" #h"+ the pa0+e!t is
+a%e/ #hich shall state the %ate/ place a!% p,rp"se "& s,ch pa0+e!t.
S,ch rec"r% "r receipt shall &"r+ part "& the &i!a!cial rec"r%s "& the
"r-a!i2ati"!.
A!0 acti"! i!3"l3i!- the &,!%s "& the "r-a!i2ati"! shall prescribe
a&ter three (.* 0ears &r"+ the %ate "& s,b+issi"! "& the a!!,al
&i!a!cial rep"rt t" the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r &r"+
the %ate the sa+e sh",l% ha3e bee! s,b+itte% as re1,ire% b0 la#/
#hiche3er c"+es earlierB Pr"3i%e%/ That this pr"3isi"! shall appl0
"!l0 t" a le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! #hich has s,b+itte% the
&i!a!cial rep"rt re1,ire+e!ts ,!%er this C"%eB Pr"3i%e%/ &,rther/ that
&ail,re "& a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! t" c"+pl0 #ith the peri"%ic &i!a!cial
rep"rts re1,ire% b0 la# a!% s,ch r,les a!% re-,lati"!s pr"+,l-ate%
there,!%er si' ()* +"!ths a&ter the e&&ecti3it0 "& this Act shall
a,t"+aticall0 res,lt i! the ca!cellati"! "& ,!i"! re-istrati"! "& s,ch
lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!C (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1)/ Rep,blic Act N".
)716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
(* The "&&icers "& a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! shall !"t be pai% a!0
c"+pe!sati"! "ther tha! the salaries a!% e'pe!ses %,e t" their
p"siti"!s as speci&icall0 pr"3i%e% &"r i! its c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s/
"r i! a #ritte! res"l,ti"! %,l0 a,th"ri2e% b0 a +a4"rit0 "& all the
+e+bers at a -e!eral +e+bership +eeti!- %,l0 calle% &"r the
p,rp"se. The +i!,tes "& the +eeti!- a!% the list "& participa!ts a!%
ball"ts cast shall be s,b4ect t" i!specti"! b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r "r
his %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3es. A!0 irre-,larities i! the appr"3al
"& the res"l,ti"!s shall be a -r",!% &"r i+peach+e!t "r e'p,lsi"!
&r"+ the "r-a!i2ati"!C
(l* The treas,rer "& a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! a!% e3er0 "&&icer there"&
#h" is resp"!sible &"r the acc",!t "& s,ch "r-a!i2ati"! "r &"r the
c"llecti"!/ +a!a-e+e!t/ %isb,rse+e!t/ c,st"%0 "r c"!tr"l "& the
&,!%s/ +"!e0s a!% "ther pr"perties "& the "r-a!i2ati"!/ shall re!%er
t" the "r-a!i2ati"! a!% t" its +e+bers a tr,e a!% c"rrect acc",!t "&
all +"!e0s recei3e% a!% pai% b0 hi+ si!ce he ass,+e% "&&ice "r si!ce
the last %a0 "! #hich he re!%ere% s,ch acc",!t/ a!% "& all b"!%s/
sec,rities a!% "ther pr"perties "& the "r-a!i2ati"! e!tr,ste% t" his
c,st"%0 "r ,!%er his c"!tr"l. The re!%eri!- "& s,ch acc",!t shall be
+a%eB
(1* At least "!ce a 0ear #ithi! thirt0 (.8* %a0s a&ter the cl"se "& its
&iscal 0earC
($* At s,ch "ther ti+es as +a0 be re1,ire% b0 a res"l,ti"! "& the
+a4"rit0 "& the +e+bers "& the "r-a!i2ati"!C a!%
(.* Dp"! 3acati!- his "&&ice.
The acc",!t shall be %,l0 a,%ite% a!% 3eri&ie% b0 a&&i%a3it a!% a c"p0
there"& shall be &,r!ishe% the Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
(+* The b""s "& acc",!ts a!% "ther rec"r%s "& the &i!a!cial acti3ities
"& a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! shall be "pe! t" i!specti"! b0 a!0 "&&icer "r
+e+ber there"& %,ri!- "&&ice h",rsC
(!* N" special assess+e!t "r "ther e'tra"r%i!ar0 &ees +a0 be le3ie%
,p"! the +e+bers "& a lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! ,!less a,th"ri2e% b0 a
#ritte! res"l,ti"! "& a +a4"rit0 "& all the +e+bers i! a -e!eral
+e+bership +eeti!- %,l0 calle% &"r the p,rp"se. The secretar0 "& the
"r-a!i2ati"! shall rec"r% the +i!,tes "& the +eeti!- i!cl,%i!- the list
"& all +e+bers prese!t/ the 3"tes cast/ the p,rp"se "& the special
assess+e!t "r &ees a!% the recipie!t "& s,ch assess+e!t "r &ees. The
rec"r% shall be atteste% t" b0 the presi%e!t.
("* Other tha! &"r +a!%at"r0 acti3ities ,!%er the C"%e/ !" special
assess+e!ts/ att"r!e0@s &ees/ !e-"tiati"! &ees "r a!0 "ther
e'tra"r%i!ar0 &ees +a0 be chece% "&& &r"+ a!0 a+",!t %,e t" a!
e+pl"0ee #ith",t a! i!%i3i%,al #ritte! a,th"ri2ati"! %,l0 si-!e% b0
the e+pl"0ee. The a,th"ri2ati"! sh",l% speci&icall0 state the a+",!t/
p,rp"se a!% be!e&iciar0 "& the %e%,cti"!C a!%
(p* It shall be the %,t0 "& a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! a!% its "&&icers t"
i!&"r+ its +e+bers "! the pr"3isi"!s "& its c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s/
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t/ the pre3aili!- lab"r relati"!s s0ste+
a!% all their ri-hts a!% "bli-ati"!s ,!%er e'isti!- lab"r la#s.
:"r this p,rp"se/ re-istere% lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s +a0 assess
reas"!able %,es t" &i!a!ce lab"r relati"!s se+i!ars a!% "ther lab"r
e%,cati"! acti3ities.
A!0 3i"lati"! "& the ab"3e ri-hts a!% c"!%iti"!s "& +e+bership shall
be a -r",!% &"r ca!cellati"! "& ,!i"! re-istrati"! "r e'p,lsi"! "&
"&&icers &r"+ "&&ice/ #hiche3er is appr"priate. At least thirt0 perce!t
(.8?* "& the +e+bers "& a ,!i"! "r a!0 +e+ber "r +e+bers
speciall0 c"!cer!e% +a0 rep"rt s,ch 3i"lati"! t" the =,rea,. The
=,rea, shall ha3e the p"#er t" hear a!% %eci%e a!0 rep"rte%
3i"lati"! t" +ete the appr"priate pe!alt0.
Cri+i!al a!% ci3il liabilities arisi!- &r"+ 3i"lati"!s "& ab"3e ri-hts
a!% c"!%iti"!s "& +e+bership shall c"!ti!,e t" be ,!%er the
4,ris%icti"! "& "r%i!ar0 c",rts.

Chapter III
RIGFTS O: LEGITIMATE
LA=OR ORGANIMATIONS

Article $5$. Ri-hts "& le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s. ; A le-iti+ate
lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! shall ha3e the ri-htB
(a* T" act as the represe!tati3e "& its +e+bers &"r the p,rp"se "&
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-C
(b* T" be certi&ie% as the e'cl,si3e represe!tati3e "& all the e+pl"0ees
i! a! appr"priate bar-ai!i!- ,!it &"r p,rp"ses "& c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!-C
(c* T" be &,r!ishe% b0 the e+pl"0er/ ,p"! #ritte! re1,est/ #ith its
a!!,al a,%ite% &i!a!cial state+e!ts/ i!cl,%i!- the bala!ce sheet a!%
the pr"&it a!% l"ss state+e!t/ #ithi! thirt0 (.8* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+
the %ate "& receipt "& the re1,est/ a&ter the ,!i"! has bee! %,l0
rec"-!i2e% b0 the e+pl"0er "r certi&ie% as the s"le a!% e'cl,si3e
bar-ai!i!- represe!tati3e "& the e+pl"0ees i! the bar-ai!i!- ,!it/ "r
#ithi! si't0 ()8* cale!%ar %a0s be&"re the e'pirati"! "& the e'isti!-
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t/ "r %,ri!- the c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-
!e-"tiati"!C
(%* T" "#! pr"pert0/ real "r pers"!al/ &"r the ,se a!% be!e&it "& the
lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! a!% its +e+bersC
(e* T" s,e a!% be s,e% i! its re-istere% !a+eC a!%
(&* T" ,!%ertae all "ther acti3ities %esi-!e% t" be!e&it the
"r-a!i2ati"! a!% its +e+bers/ i!cl,%i!- c""perati3e/ h",si!-/
#el&are a!% "ther pr"4ects !"t c"!trar0 t" la#.
N"t#ithsta!%i!- a!0 pr"3isi"! "& a -e!eral "r special la# t" the
c"!trar0/ the i!c"+e a!% the pr"perties "& le-iti+ate lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!s/ i!cl,%i!- -ra!ts/ e!%"#+e!ts/ -i&ts/ %"!ati"!s a!%
c"!trib,ti"!s the0 +a0 recei3e &r"+ &rater!al a!% si+ilar
"r-a!i2ati"!s/ l"cal "r &"rei-!/ #hich are act,all0/ %irectl0 a!%
e'cl,si3el0 ,se% &"r their la#&,l p,rp"ses/ shall be &ree &r"+ ta'es/
%,ties a!% "ther assess+e!ts. The e'e+pti"!s pr"3i%e% herei! +a0
be #ith%ra#! "!l0 b0 a special la# e'pressl0 repeali!- this pr"3isi"!.
(As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 17/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article $5$-A. Rep"rt"rial re1,ire+e!ts. - The &"ll"#i!- are
%"c,+e!ts re1,ire% t" be s,b+itte% t" the =,rea, b0 the le-iti+ate
lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! c"!cer!e%B
(a* Its c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s/ "r a+e!%+e!ts theret"/ the +i!,tes
"& rati&icati"!/ a!% the list "& +e+bers #h" t"" part i! the
rati&icati"! "& the c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s #ithi! thirt0 (.8* %a0s
&r"+ a%"pti"! "r rati&icati"! "& the c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la+ "r
a+e!%+e!ts theret"C
(b* Its list "& "&&icers/ +i!,tes "& the electi"! "& "&&icers/ a!% list "&
3"ters #ithi! thirt0 (.8* %a0s &r"+ electi"!C
(c* Its a!!,al &i!a!cial rep"rt #ithi! thirt0 (.8* %a0s a&ter the cl"se "&
e3er0 &iscal 0earC a!%
(%* Its list "& +e+bers at least "!ce a 0ear "r #he!e3er re1,ire% b0
the =,rea,.
:ail,re t" c"+pl0 #ith the ab"3e re1,ire+e!ts shall !"t be a -r",!%
&"r ca!cellati"! "& ,!i"! re-istrati"! b,t shall s,b4ect the erri!-
"&&icers "r +e+bers t" s,spe!si"!/ e'p,lsi"! &r"+ +e+bership/ "r
a!0 appr"priate pe!alt0. (As i!serte% b0 Secti"! 7/ Rep,blic Act N".
95<1 #hich lapse% i!t" la# "! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "!
G,!e 15/ $887*.
Title V
COVERAGE

Article $5.. C"3era-e a!% e+pl"0ees@ ri-ht t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"!. ; All
pers"!s e+pl"0e% i! c"++ercial/ i!%,strial a!% a-ric,lt,ral
e!terprises a!% i! reli-i",s/ charitable/ +e%ical/ "r e%,cati"!al
i!stit,ti"!s/ #hether "perati!- &"r pr"&it "r !"t/ shall ha3e the ri-ht
t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"! a!% t" &"r+/ 4"i!/ "r assist lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s "&
their "#! ch""si!- &"r p,rp"ses "& c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-. A+b,la!t/
i!ter+itte!t a!% iti!era!t #"rers/ sel&-e+pl"0e% pe"ple/ r,ral
#"rers a!% th"se #ith",t a!0 %e&i!ite e+pl"0ers +a0 &"r+ lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!s &"r their +,t,al ai% a!% pr"tecti"!. (As a+e!%e% b0
=atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 78/ Ma0 1/ 19<8*.
Article $55. Ri-ht "& e+pl"0ees i! the p,blic ser3ice. ; E+pl"0ees "&
-"3er!+e!t c"rp"rati"!s establishe% ,!%er the C"rp"rati"! C"%e
shall ha3e the ri-ht t" "r-a!i2e a!% t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 #ith their
respecti3e e+pl"0ers. All "ther e+pl"0ees i! the ci3il ser3ice shall
ha3e the ri-ht t" &"r+ ass"ciati"!s &"r p,rp"ses !"t c"!trar0 t" la#.
(As a+e!%e% b0 E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 111/ Dece+ber $5/ 19<)*.
Article $56. I!eli-ibilit0 "& +a!a-erial e+pl"0ees t" 4"i! a!0 lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!C Ri-ht "& S,per3is"r0 E+pl"0ees. - Ma!a-erial
e+pl"0ees are !"t eli-ible t" 4"i!/ assist "r &"r+ a!0 lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!. S,per3is"r0 e+pl"0ees shall !"t be eli-ible &"r
+e+bership i! the c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- ,!it "& the ra!-a!%-&ile
e+pl"0ees b,t +a0 4"i!/ assist "r &"r+ separate c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-
,!its a!%>"r le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s "& their "#!. The ra!-
a!%-&ile ,!i"! a!% the s,per3is"rs@ ,!i"! "perati!- #ithi! the sa+e
establish+e!t +a0 4"i! the sa+e &e%erati"! "r !ati"!al ,!i"!. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1</ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9 a!%
Secti"! </ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich lapse% i!t" la# "! Ma0 $6/
$887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/ $887*.
Article $56-A. E&&ect "& i!cl,si"! as +e+bers "& e+pl"0ees ",tsi%e
the bar-ai!i!- ,!it. - The i!cl,si"! as ,!i"! +e+bers "& e+pl"0ees
",tsi%e the bar-ai!i!- ,!it shall !"t be a -r",!% &"r the ca!cellati"!
"& the re-istrati"! "& the ,!i"!. Sai% e+pl"0ees are a,t"+aticall0
%ee+e% re+"3e% &r"+ the list "& +e+bership "& sai% ,!i"!.
(I!tr"%,ce% as !e# pr"3isi"! b0 Secti"! 9/ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1
#hich lapse% i!t" la# "! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e
15/ $887*.
Article $5). N"!-abri%-+e!t "& ri-ht t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"!. ; It shall
be ,!la#&,l &"r a!0 pers"! t" restrai!/ c"erce/ %iscri+i!ate a-ai!st "r
,!%,l0 i!ter&ere #ith e+pl"0ees a!% #"rers i! their e'ercise "& the
ri-ht t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"!. S,ch ri-ht shall i!cl,%e the ri-ht t" &"r+/
4"i!/ "r assist lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s &"r the p,rp"se "& c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!- thr",-h represe!tati3es "& their "#! ch""si!- a!% t"
e!-a-e i! la#&,l c"!certe% acti3ities &"r the sa+e p,rp"se "r &"r their
+,t,al ai% a!% pr"tecti"!/ s,b4ect t" the pr"3isi"!s "& Article $)5 "&
this C"%e. (As a+e!%e% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 78/ Ma0 1/ 19<8*.

Title VI
DN:AIR LA=OR PRACTICES
Chapter I
CONCEPT

Article $57. C"!cept "& ,!&air lab"r practice a!% pr"ce%,re &"r
pr"sec,ti"! there"&. ; D!&air lab"r practices 3i"late the
c"!stit,ti"!al ri-ht "& #"rers a!% e+pl"0ees t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"!/
are i!i+ical t" the le-iti+ate i!terests "& b"th lab"r a!%
+a!a-e+e!t/ i!cl,%i!- their ri-ht t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 a!%
"ther#ise %eal #ith each "ther i! a! at+"sphere "& &ree%"+ a!%
+,t,al respect/ %isr,pt i!%,strial peace a!% hi!%er the pr"+"ti"! "&
health0 a!% stable lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t relati"!s.
C"!se1,e!tl0/ ,!&air lab"r practices are !"t "!l0 3i"lati"!s "& the
ci3il ri-hts "& b"th lab"r a!% +a!a-e+e!t b,t are als" cri+i!al
"&&e!ses a-ai!st the State #hich shall be s,b4ect t" pr"sec,ti"! a!%
p,!ish+e!t as herei! pr"3i%e%.
S,b4ect t" the e'ercise b0 the Presi%e!t "r b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r
a!% E+pl"0+e!t "& the p"#ers 3este% i! the+ b0 Articles $). a!%
$)5 "& this C"%e/ the ci3il aspects "& all cases i!3"l3i!- ,!&air lab"r
practices/ #hich +a0 i!cl,%e clai+s &"r act,al/ +"ral/ e'e+plar0 a!%
"ther &"r+s "& %a+a-es/ att"r!e0@s &ees a!% "ther a&&ir+ati3e relie&/
shall be ,!%er the 4,ris%icti"! "& the Lab"r Arbiters. The Lab"r
Arbiters shall -i3e ,t+"st pri"rit0 t" the heari!- a!% res"l,ti"! "& all
cases i!3"l3i!- ,!&air lab"r practices. The0 shall res"l3e s,ch cases
#ithi! thirt0 (.8* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ the ti+e the0 are s,b+itte% &"r
%ecisi"!.
Rec"3er0 "& ci3il liabilit0 i! the a%+i!istrati3e pr"cee%i!-s shall bar
rec"3er0 ,!%er the Ci3il C"%e.
N" cri+i!al pr"sec,ti"! ,!%er this Title +a0 be i!stit,te% #ith",t a
&i!al 4,%-+e!t &i!%i!- that a! ,!&air lab"r practice #as c"++itte%/
ha3i!- bee! &irst "btai!e% i! the prece%i!- para-raph. D,ri!- the
pe!%e!c0 "& s,ch a%+i!istrati3e pr"cee%i!-/ the r,!!i!- "& the
peri"% "& prescripti"! "& the cri+i!al "&&e!se herei! pe!ali2e% shall
be c"!si%ere% i!terr,pte%B Pr"3i%e%/ h"#e3er/ that the &i!al
4,%-+e!t i! the a%+i!istrati3e pr"cee%i!-s shall !"t be bi!%i!- i!
the cri+i!al case !"r be c"!si%ere% as e3i%e!ce "& -,ilt b,t +erel0 as
pr""& "& c"+plia!ce "& the re1,ire+e!ts therei! set &"rth. (As
a+e!%e% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 78/ Ma0 1/ 19<8 a!% later &,rther
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 19/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Chapter II
DN:AIR LA=OR PRACTICES O: EMPLOYERS

Article $5<. D!&air lab"r practices "& e+pl"0ers. ; It shall be
,!la#&,l &"r a! e+pl"0er t" c"++it a!0 "& the &"ll"#i!- ,!&air lab"r
practiceB
(a* T" i!ter&ere #ith/ restrai! "r c"erce e+pl"0ees i! the e'ercise "&
their ri-ht t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"!C
(b* T" re1,ire as a c"!%iti"! "& e+pl"0+e!t that a pers"! "r a!
e+pl"0ee shall !"t 4"i! a lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! "r shall #ith-%ra# &r"+
"!e t" #hich he bel"!-sC
(c* T" c"!tract ",t ser3ices "r &,!cti"!s bei!- per&"r+e% b0 ,!i"!
+e+bers #he! s,ch #ill i!ter&ere #ith/ restrai! "r c"erce e+pl"0ees
i! the e'ercise "& their ri-hts t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"!C
(%* T" i!itiate/ %"+i!ate/ assist "r "ther#ise i!ter&ere #ith the
&"r+ati"! "r a%+i!istrati"! "& a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!/ i!cl,%i!- the
-i3i!- "& &i!a!cial "r "ther s,pp"rt t" it "r its "r-a!i2ers "r
s,pp"rtersC
(e* T" %iscri+i!ate i! re-ar% t" #a-es/ h",rs "& #"r a!% "ther ter+s
a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t i! "r%er t" e!c",ra-e "r %isc",ra-e
+e+bership i! a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!. N"thi!- i! this C"%e "r i! a!0
"ther la# shall st"p the parties &r"+ re1,iri!- +e+bership i! a
rec"-!i2e% c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-e!t as a c"!%iti"! &"r
e+pl"0+e!t/ e'cept th"se e+pl"0ees #h" are alrea%0 +e+bers "&
a!"ther ,!i"! at the ti+e "& the si-!i!- "& the c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-
a-ree+e!t. E+pl"0ees "& a! appr"priate bar-ai!i!- ,!it #h" are !"t
+e+bers "& the rec"-!i2e% c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-e!t +a0 be
assesse% a reas"!able &ee e1,i3ale!t t" the %,es a!% "ther &ees pai%
b0 +e+bers "& the rec"-!i2e% c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-e!t/ i& s,ch
!"!-,!i"! +e+bers accept the be!e&its ,!%er the c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!tB Pr"3i%e%/ that the i!%i3i%,al a,th"ri2ati"!
re1,ire% ,!%er Article $5$/ para-raph ("* "& this C"%e shall !"t appl0
t" the !"!-+e+bers "& the rec"-!i2e% c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-e!tC
(&* T" %is+iss/ %ischar-e "r "ther#ise pre4,%ice "r %iscri+i!ate
a-ai!st a! e+pl"0ee &"r ha3i!- -i3e! "r bei!- ab",t t" -i3e testi+"!0
,!%er this C"%eC
(-* T" 3i"late the %,t0 t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 as prescribe% b0 this
C"%eC
(h* T" pa0 !e-"tiati"! "r att"r!e0@s &ees t" the ,!i"! "r its "&&icers "r
a-e!ts as part "& the settle+e!t "& a!0 iss,e i! c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-
"r a!0 "ther %isp,teC "r
(i* T" 3i"late a c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t.
The pr"3isi"!s "& the prece%i!- para-raph !"t#ithsta!%i!-/ "!l0 the
"&&icers a!% a-e!ts "& c"rp"rati"!s/ ass"ciati"!s "r part!erships #h"
ha3e act,all0 participate% i!/ a,th"ri2e% "r rati&ie% ,!&air lab"r
practices shall be hel% cri+i!all0 liable. (As a+e!%e% b0 =atas
Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 1.8/ A,-,st $1/ 19<1*.

Chapter III
DN:AIR LA=OR PRACTICES O: LA=OR ORGANIMATIONS

Article $59. D!&air lab"r practices "& lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s. - It shall be
,!&air lab"r practice &"r a lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!/ its "&&icers/ a-e!ts "r
represe!tati3esB
(a* T" restrai! "r c"erce e+pl"0ees i! the e'ercise "& their ri-ht t"
sel&-"r-a!i2ati"!. F"#e3er/ a lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! shall ha3e the ri-ht
t" prescribe its "#! r,les #ith respect t" the ac1,isiti"! "r rete!ti"!
"& +e+bershipC
(b* T" ca,se "r atte+pt t" ca,se a! e+pl"0er t" %iscri+i!ate a-ai!st
a! e+pl"0ee/ i!cl,%i!- %iscri+i!ati"! a-ai!st a! e+pl"0ee #ith
respect t" #h"+ +e+bership i! s,ch "r-a!i2ati"! has bee! %e!ie%
"r t" ter+i!ate a! e+pl"0ee "! a!0 -r",!% "ther tha! the ,s,al
ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s ,!%er #hich +e+bership "r c"!ti!,ati"! "&
+e+bership is +a%e a3ailable t" "ther +e+bersC
(c* T" 3i"late the %,t0/ "r re&,se t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 #ith the
e+pl"0er/ pr"3i%e% it is the represe!tati3e "& the e+pl"0eesC
(%* T" ca,se "r atte+pt t" ca,se a! e+pl"0er t" pa0 "r %eli3er "r
a-ree t" pa0 "r %eli3er a!0 +"!e0 "r "ther thi!-s "& 3al,e/ i! the
!at,re "& a! e'acti"!/ &"r ser3ices #hich are !"t per&"r+e% "r !"t t"
be per&"r+e%/ i!cl,%i!- the %e+a!% &"r &ee &"r ,!i"! !e-"tiati"!sC
(e* T" as &"r "r accept !e-"tiati"! "r att"r!e0@s &ees &r"+ e+pl"0ers
as part "& the settle+e!t "& a!0 iss,e i! c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- "r a!0
"ther %isp,teC "r
(&* T" 3i"late a c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t.
The pr"3isi"!s "& the prece%i!- para-raph !"t#ithsta!%i!-/ "!l0 the
"&&icers/ +e+bers "& -"3er!i!- b"ar%s/ represe!tati3es "r a-e!ts "r
+e+bers "& lab"r ass"ciati"!s "r "r-a!i2ati"!s #h" ha3e act,all0
participate% i!/ a,th"ri2e% "r rati&ie% ,!&air lab"r practices shall be
hel% cri+i!all0 liable. (As a+e!%e% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 1.8/
A,-,st $1/ 19<1*.
Title VII
COLLECTIVE =ARGAINING AND
ADMINISTRATION O:
AGREEMENTS

Article $68. Pr"ce%,re i! c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-. ; The &"ll"#i!-
pr"ce%,res shall be "bser3e% i! c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-B
(a* Ehe! a part0 %esires t" !e-"tiate a! a-ree+e!t/ it shall ser3e a
#ritte! !"tice ,p"! the "ther part0 #ith a state+e!t "& its pr"p"sals.
The "ther part0 shall +ae a repl0 theret" !"t later tha! te! (18*
cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ receipt "& s,ch !"ticeC
(b* Sh",l% %i&&ere!ces arise "! the basis "& s,ch !"tice a!% repl0/
either part0 +a0 re1,est &"r a c"!&ere!ce #hich shall be-i! !"t later
tha! te! (18* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ the %ate "& re1,est.
(c* I& the %isp,te is !"t settle%/ the ="ar% shall i!ter3e!e ,p"!
re1,est "& either "r b"th parties "r at its "#! i!itiati3e a!%
i++e%iatel0 call the parties t" c"!ciliati"! +eeti!-s. The ="ar% shall
ha3e the p"#er t" iss,e s,bp"e!as re1,iri!- the atte!%a!ce "& the
parties t" s,ch +eeti!-s. It shall be the %,t0 "& the parties t"
participate &,ll0 a!% pr"+ptl0 i! the c"!ciliati"! +eeti!-s the ="ar%
+a0 callC
(%* D,ri!- the c"!ciliati"! pr"cee%i!-s i! the ="ar%/ the parties are
pr"hibite% &r"+ %"i!- a!0 act #hich +a0 %isr,pt "r i+pe%e the earl0
settle+e!t "& the %isp,tesC a!%
(e* The ="ar% shall e'ert all e&&"rts t" settle %isp,tes a+icabl0 a!%
e!c",ra-e the parties t" s,b+it their case t" a 3"l,!tar0 arbitrat"r.
(As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $8/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article $61. D,t0 t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 i! the abse!ce "& c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!ts. ; I! the abse!ce "& a! a-ree+e!t "r "ther
3"l,!tar0 arra!-e+e!t pr"3i%i!- &"r a +"re e'pe%iti",s +a!!er "&
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-/ it shall be the %,t0 "& e+pl"0er a!% the
represe!tati3es "& the e+pl"0ees t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 i! acc"r%a!ce
#ith the pr"3isi"!s "& this C"%e.
Article $6$. Mea!i!- "& %,t0 t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0. ; The %,t0 t"
bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 +ea!s the per&"r+a!ce "& a +,t,al "bli-ati"! t"
+eet a!% c"!3e!e pr"+ptl0 a!% e'pe%iti",sl0 i! -""% &aith &"r the
p,rp"se "& !e-"tiati!- a! a-ree+e!t #ith respect t" #a-es/ h",rs "&
#"r a!% all "ther ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t i!cl,%i!-
pr"p"sals &"r a%4,sti!- a!0 -rie3a!ces "r 1,esti"!s arisi!- ,!%er
s,ch a-ree+e!t a!% e'ec,ti!- a c"!tract i!c"rp"rati!- s,ch
a-ree+e!ts i& re1,este% b0 either part0 b,t s,ch %,t0 %"es !"t
c"+pel a!0 part0 t" a-ree t" a pr"p"sal "r t" +ae a!0 c"!cessi"!.
Article $6.. D,t0 t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 #he! there e'ists a c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t. ; Ehe! there is a c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-
a-ree+e!t/ the %,t0 t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0 shall als" +ea! that
!either part0 shall ter+i!ate !"r +"%i&0 s,ch a-ree+e!t %,ri!- its
li&eti+e. F"#e3er/ either part0 ca! ser3e a #ritte! !"tice t" ter+i!ate
"r +"%i&0 the a-ree+e!t at least si't0 ()8* %a0s pri"r t" its e'pirati"!
%ate. It shall be the %,t0 "& b"th parties t" eep the stat,s 1," a!% t"
c"!ti!,e i! &,ll &"rce a!% e&&ect the ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& the
e'isti!- a-ree+e!t %,ri!- the )8-%a0 peri"% a!%>"r ,!til a !e#
a-ree+e!t is reache% b0 the parties.
Article $6.-A. Ter+s "& a c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t. ; A!0
C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t that the parties +a0 e!ter i!t" shall/
i!s"&ar as the represe!tati"! aspect is c"!cer!e%/ be &"r a ter+ "& &i3e
(6* 0ears. N" petiti"! 1,esti"!i!- the +a4"rit0 stat,s "& the
i!c,+be!t bar-ai!i!- a-e!t shall be e!tertai!e% a!% !" certi&icati"!
electi"! shall be c"!%,cte% b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t ",tsi%e "& the si't0-%a0 peri"% i++e%iatel0 be&"re the
%ate "& e'pir0 "& s,ch &i3e-0ear ter+ "& the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!-
A-ree+e!t. All "ther pr"3isi"!s "& the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!-
A-ree+e!t shall be re!e-"tiate% !"t later tha! three (.* 0ears a&ter
its e'ec,ti"!. A!0 a-ree+e!t "! s,ch "ther pr"3isi"!s "& the
C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t e!tere% i!t" #ithi! si' ()* +"!ths
&r"+ the %ate "& e'pir0 "& the ter+ "& s,ch "ther pr"3isi"!s as &i'e% i!
s,ch C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t/ shall retr"act t" the %a0
i++e%iatel0 &"ll"#i!- s,ch %ate. I& a!0 s,ch a-ree+e!t is e!tere%
i!t" be0"!% si' +"!ths/ the parties shall a-ree "! the %,rati"! "&
retr"acti3it0 there"&. I! case "& a %ea%l"c i! the re!e-"tiati"! "& the
C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t/ the parties +a0 e'ercise their
ri-hts ,!%er this C"%e. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $1/ Rep,blic Act N".
)716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article $65. I!4,!cti"! pr"hibite%. ; N" te+p"rar0 "r per+a!e!t
i!4,!cti"! "r restrai!i!- "r%er i! a!0 case i!3"l3i!- "r -r"#i!- ",t "&
lab"r %isp,tes shall be iss,e% b0 a!0 c",rt "r "ther e!tit0/ e'cept as
"ther#ise pr"3i%e% i! Articles $1< a!% $)5 "& this C"%e. (As a+e!%e%
b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- $$7/ G,!e 1/ 19<$*.
Article $66. E'cl,si3e bar-ai!i!- represe!tati"! a!% #"rers@
participati"! i! p"lic0 a!% %ecisi"!-+ai!-. ; The lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!
%esi-!ate% "r selecte% b0 the +a4"rit0 "& the e+pl"0ees i! a!
appr"priate c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- ,!it shall be the e'cl,si3e
represe!tati3e "& the e+pl"0ees i! s,ch ,!it &"r the p,rp"se "&
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-. F"#e3er/ a! i!%i3i%,al e+pl"0ee "r -r",p "&
e+pl"0ees shall ha3e the ri-ht at a!0 ti+e t" prese!t -rie3a!ces t"
their e+pl"0er.
A!0 pr"3isi"! "& la# t" the c"!trar0 !"t#ithsta!%i!-/ #"rers shall
ha3e the ri-ht/ s,b4ect t" s,ch r,les a!% re-,lati"!s as the Secretar0
"& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0 pr"+,l-ate/ t" participate i! p"lic0
a!% %ecisi"!-+ai!- pr"cesses "& the establish+e!t #here the0 are
e+pl"0e% i!s"&ar as sai% pr"cesses #ill %irectl0 a&&ect their ri-hts/
be!e&its a!% #el&are. :"r this p,rp"se/ #"rers a!% e+pl"0ers +a0
&"r+ lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t c",!cilsB Pr"3i%e%/ That the represe!tati3es
"& the #"rers i! s,ch lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t c",!cils shall be electe% b0
at least the +a4"rit0 "& all e+pl"0ees i! sai% establish+e!t. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $$/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article $6). Represe!tati"! Iss,e i! Or-a!i2e% Establish+e!ts. - I!
"r-a!i2e% establish+e!ts/ #he! a 3eri&ie% petiti"! 1,esti"!i!- the
+a4"rit0 stat,s "& the i!c,+be!t bar-ai!i!- a-e!t is &ile% b0 a!0
le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! i!cl,%i!- a !ati"!al ,!i"! "r &e%erati"!
#hich has alrea%0 iss,e% a charter certi&icate t" its l"cal chapter
participati!- i! the certi&icati"! electi"! "r a l"cal chapter #hich has
bee! iss,e% a charter certi&icate b0 the !ati"!al ,!i"! "r &e%erati"!
be&"re the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t #ithi! the si't0
()8*-%a0 peri"% be&"re the e'pirati"! "& the c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-
a-ree+e!t/ the Me%-Arbiter shall a,t"+aticall0 "r%er a! electi"! b0
secret ball"t #he! the 3eri&ie% petiti"! is s,pp"rte% b0 the #ritte!
c"!se!t "& at least t#e!t0-&i3e perce!t ($6?* "& all the e+pl"0ees i!
the bar-ai!i!- ,!it t" ascertai! the #ill "& the e+pl"0ees i! the
appr"priate bar-ai!i!- ,!it. T" ha3e a 3ali% electi"!/ at least a
+a4"rit0 "& all eli-ible 3"ters i! the ,!it +,st ha3e cast their 3"tes.
The lab"r ,!i"! recei3i!- the +a4"rit0 "& the 3ali% 3"tes cast shall be
certi&ie% as the e'cl,si3e bar-ai!i!- a-e!t "& all the #"rers i! the
,!it. Ehe! a! electi"! #hich pr"3i%es &"r three "r +"re ch"ices
res,lts i! !" ch"ice recei3i!- a +a4"rit0 "& the 3ali% 3"tes cast/ a r,!-
"&& electi"! shall be c"!%,cte% bet#ee! the lab"r ,!i"!s recei3i!- the
t#" hi-hest !,+ber "& 3"tesB Pr"3i%e%/ That the t"tal !,+ber "&
3"tes &"r all c"!te!%i!- ,!i"!s is at least &i&t0 perce!t (68?* "& the
!,+ber "& 3"tes cast. I! cases #here the petiti"! #as &ile% b0 a
!ati"!al ,!i"! "r &e%erati"!/ it shall !"t be re1,ire% t" %iscl"se the
!a+es "& the l"cal chapter@s "&&icers a!% +e+bers.
At the e'pirati"! "& the &ree%"+ peri"%/ the e+pl"0er shall c"!ti!,e
t" rec"-!i2e the +a4"rit0 stat,s "& the i!c,+be!t bar-ai!i!- a-e!t
#here !" petiti"! &"r certi&icati"! electi"! is &ile%. (As a+e!%e% b0
Secti"! $./ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9 a!% Secti"! 18/
Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich lapse% i!t" la# "! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!%
beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/ $887*.
Article $67. Petiti"!s i! D!"r-a!i2e% Establish+e!ts. - I! a!0
establish+e!t #here there is !" certi&ie% bar-ai!i!- a-e!t/ a
certi&icati"! electi"! shall a,t"+aticall0 be c"!%,cte% b0 the Me%-
Arbiter ,p"! the &ili!- "& a petiti"! b0 a!0 le-iti+ate lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!/ i!cl,%i!- a !ati"!al ,!i"! "r &e%erati"! #hich has
alrea%0 iss,e% a charter certi&icate t" its 1"cal>chapter participati!-
i! the certi&icati"! electi"! "r a l"cal>chapter #hich has bee! iss,e% a
charter certi&icate b0 the !ati"!al ,!i"! "r &e%erati"!. I! cases #here
the petiti"! #as &ile% b0 a !ati"!al ,!i"! "r &e%erati"!/ it shall !"t be
re1,ire% t" %iscl"se the !a+es "& the l"cal chapter@s "&&icers a!%
+e+bers. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $5/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March
$1/ 19<9 a!% Secti"! 11/ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich lapse% i!t" la#
"! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/ $887*.
Article $6<. Ehe! a! e+pl"0er +a0 &ile petiti"!. ; Ehe! re1,este%
t" bar-ai! c"llecti3el0/ a! e+pl"0er +a0 petiti"! the =,rea, &"r a!
electi"!. I& there is !" e'isti!- certi&ie% c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-
a-ree+e!t i! the ,!it/ the =,rea, shall/ a&ter heari!-/ "r%er a
certi&icati"! electi"!.
All certi&icati"! cases shall be %eci%e% #ithi! t#e!t0 ($8* #"ri!-
%a0s.
The =,rea, shall c"!%,ct a certi&icati"! electi"! #ithi! t#e!t0 ($8*
%a0s i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the r,les a!% re-,lati"!s prescribe% b0 the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
Article $6<-A. E+pl"0er as =0sta!%er. - I! all cases/ #hether the
petiti"! &"r certi&icati"! electi"! is &ile% b0 a! e+pl"0er "r a
le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!/ the e+pl"0er shall !"t be c"!si%ere% a
part0 theret" #ith a c"!c"+ita!t ri-ht t" "pp"se a petiti"! &"r
certi&icati"! electi"!. The e+pl"0er@s participati"! i! s,ch
pr"cee%i!-s shall be li+ite% t"B
(1* bei!- !"ti&ie% "r i!&"r+e% "& petiti"!s "& s,ch !at,reC a!%
($* s,b+itti!- the list "& e+pl"0ees %,ri!- the pre-electi"!
c"!&ere!ce sh",l% the Me%-Arbiter act &a3"rabl0 "! the petiti"!. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1$/ Rep,blic Act N". 95<1 #hich lapse% i!t" la#
"! Ma0 $6/ $887 a!% beca+e e&&ecti3e "! G,!e 15/ $887*.
Article $69. Appeal &r"+ certi&icati"! electi"! "r%ers. ; A!0 part0 t"
a! electi"! +a0 appeal the "r%er "r res,lts "& the electi"! as
%eter+i!e% b0 the Me%-Arbiter %irectl0 t" the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t "! the -r",!% that the r,les a!% re-,lati"!s "r parts
there"& establishe% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t &"r the
c"!%,ct "& the electi"! ha3e bee! 3i"late%. S,ch appeal shall be
%eci%e% #ithi! &i&tee! (16* cale!%ar %a0s. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $6/
Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Title VII-A
GRIEVANCE MACFINERY
AND VOLDNTARY AR=ITRATION

Article. $)8. ;rievance machinery and voluntary arbitration. - The
parties t" a C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t shall i!cl,%e therei!
pr"3isi"!s that #ill e!s,re the +,t,al "bser3a!ce "& its ter+s a!%
c"!%iti"!s. The0 shall establish a +achi!er0 &"r the a%4,st+e!t a!%
res"l,ti"! "& -rie3a!ces arisi!- &r"+ the i!terpretati"! "r
i+ple+e!tati"! "& their C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t a!% th"se
arisi!- &r"+ the i!terpretati"! "r e!&"rce+e!t "& c"+pa!0 pers"!!el
p"licies.
All -rie3a!ces s,b+itte% t" the -rie3a!ce +achi!er0 #hich are !"t
settle% #ithi! se3e! (7* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ the %ate "& its s,b+issi"!
shall a,t"+aticall0 be re&erre% t" 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"! prescribe% i!
the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t.
:"r this p,rp"se/ parties t" a C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t shall
!a+e a!% %esi-!ate i! a%3a!ce a V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "&
V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs/ "r i!cl,%e i! the a-ree+e!t a pr"ce%,re &"r
the selecti"! "& s,ch V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "& V"l,!tar0
Arbitrat"rs/ pre&erabl0 &r"+ the listi!- "& 1,ali&ie% V"l,!tar0
Arbitrat"rs %,l0 accre%ite% b0 the ="ar%. I! case the parties &ail t"
select a V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "& V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs/ the
="ar% shall %esi-!ate the V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "& V"l,!tar0
Arbitrat"rs/ as +a0 be !ecessar0/ p,rs,a!t t" the selecti"! pr"ce%,re
a-ree% ,p"! i! the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t/ #hich shall act
#ith the sa+e &"rce a!% e&&ect as i& the Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "&
Arbitrat"rs has bee! selecte% b0 the parties as %escribe% ab"3e.
Article. $)1. <urisdiction of 0oluntary Arbitrators or panel of
0oluntary Arbitrators. - The V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "&
V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs shall ha3e "ri-i!al a!% e'cl,si3e 4,ris%icti"! t"
hear a!% %eci%e all ,!res"l3e% -rie3a!ces arisi!- &r"+ the
i!terpretati"! "r i+ple+e!tati"! "& the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!-
A-ree+e!t a!% th"se arisi!- &r"+ the i!terpretati"! "r e!&"rce+e!t
"& c"+pa!0 pers"!!el p"licies re&erre% t" i! the i++e%iatel0
prece%i!- article. Acc"r%i!-l0/ 3i"lati"!s "& a C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!-
A-ree+e!t/ e'cept th"se #hich are -r"ss i! character/ shall !" l"!-er
be treate% as ,!&air lab"r practice a!% shall be res"l3e% as -rie3a!ces
,!%er the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t. :"r p,rp"ses "& this
article/ -r"ss 3i"lati"!s "& C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t shall
+ea! &la-ra!t a!%>"r +alici",s re&,sal t" c"+pl0 #ith the ec"!"+ic
pr"3isi"!s "& s,ch a-ree+e!t.
The C"++issi"!/ its Re-i"!al O&&ices a!% the Re-i"!al Direct"rs "&
the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t shall !"t e!tertai!
%isp,tes/ -rie3a!ces "r +atters ,!%er the e'cl,si3e a!% "ri-i!al
4,ris%icti"! "& the V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "& V"l,!tar0
Arbitrat"rs a!% shall i++e%iatel0 %isp"se a!% re&er the sa+e t" the
Grie3a!ce Machi!er0 "r V"l,!tar0 Arbitrati"! pr"3i%e% i! the
C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t.
Article. $)$. <urisdiction over other labor disputes. - The V"l,!tar0
Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "& V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs/ ,p"! a-ree+e!t "& the
parties/ shall als" hear a!% %eci%e all "ther lab"r %isp,tes i!cl,%i!-
,!&air lab"r practices a!% bar-ai!i!- %ea%l"cs.
Article. $)$-A. Procedures. - The V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "&
V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs shall ha3e the p"#er t" h"l% heari!-s/ recei3e
e3i%e!ces a!% tae #hate3er acti"! is !ecessar0 t" res"l3e the iss,e
"r iss,es s,b4ect "& the %isp,te/ i!cl,%i!- e&&"rts t" e&&ect a 3"l,!tar0
settle+e!t bet#ee! parties.
All parties t" the %isp,te shall be e!title% t" atte!% the arbitrati"!
pr"cee%i!-s. The atte!%a!ce "& a!0 thir% part0 "r the e'cl,si"! "&
a!0 #it!ess &r"+ the pr"cee%i!-s shall be %eter+i!e% b0 the
V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "& V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs. Feari!- +a0
be a%4",r!e% &"r ca,se "r ,p"! a-ree+e!t b0 the parties.
D!less the parties a-ree "ther#ise/ it shall be +a!%at"r0 &"r the
V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "& V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs t" re!%er a!
a#ar% "r %ecisi"! #ithi! t#e!t0 ($8* cale!%ar %a0s &r"+ the %ate "&
s,b+issi"! "& the %isp,te t" 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"!.
The a#ar% "r %ecisi"! "& the V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "&
V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs shall c"!tai! the &acts a!% the la# "! #hich it
is base%. It shall be &i!al a!% e'ec,t"r0 a&ter te! (18* cale!%ar %a0s
&r"+ receipt "& the c"p0 "& the a#ar% "r %ecisi"! b0 the parties.
Dp"! +"ti"! "& a!0 i!tereste% part0/ the V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r
pa!el "& V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs "r the Lab"r Arbiter i! the re-i"!
#here the +"3a!t resi%es/ i! case "& the abse!ce "r i!capacit0 "& the
V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r "r pa!el "& V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs/ &"r a!0
reas"!/ +a0 iss,e a #rit "& e'ec,ti"! re1,iri!- either the sheri&& "&
the C"++issi"! "r re-,lar c",rts "r a!0 p,blic "&&icial #h"+ the
parties +a0 %esi-!ate i! the s,b+issi"! a-ree+e!t t" e'ec,te the
&i!al %ecisi"!/ "r%er "r a#ar%.
Article. $)$-=. Cost of voluntary arbitration and 0oluntary
Arbitrator7s fee. - The parties t" a C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!- A-ree+e!t
shall pr"3i%e therei! a pr"p"rti"!ate shari!- sche+e "! the c"st "&
3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"! i!cl,%i!- the V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"r@s &ee. The
&i'i!- "& &ee "& V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs/ #hether sh",l%ere% #h"ll0 b0
the parties "r s,bsi%i2e% b0 the Special V"l,!tar0 Arbitrati"! :,!%/
shall tae i!t" acc",!t the &"ll"#i!- &act"rsB
(a* Nat,re "& the caseC
(b* Ti+e c"!s,+e% i! heari!- the caseC
(c* Pr"&essi"!al sta!%i!- "& the V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rC
(%* Capacit0 t" pa0 "& the partiesC a!%
(e* :ees pr"3i%e% &"r i! the Re3ise% R,les "& C",rt.

Title VIII
STRIAES AND LOCAODTS
AND :OREIGN INVOLVEMENT
IN TRADE DNION ACTIVITIES

Chapter I
STRIAES AND LOCAODTS
Article. $).. $tri"es3 pic"eting and loc"outs. - (a* It is the p"lic0 "&
the State t" e!c",ra-e &ree tra%e ,!i"!is+ a!% &ree c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!-.
(b* E"rers shall ha3e the ri-ht t" e!-a-e i! c"!certe% acti3ities &"r
p,rp"ses "& c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- "r &"r their +,t,al be!e&it a!%
pr"tecti"!. The ri-ht "& le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s t" strie a!%
picet a!% "& e+pl"0ers t" l"c",t/ c"!siste!t #ith the !ati"!al
i!terest/ shall c"!ti!,e t" be rec"-!i2e% a!% respecte%. F"#e3er/ !"
lab"r ,!i"! +a0 strie a!% !" e+pl"0er +a0 %eclare a l"c",t "!
-r",!%s i!3"l3i!- i!ter-,!i"! a!% i!tra-,!i"! %isp,tes.
(c* I! case "& bar-ai!i!- %ea%l"cs/ the %,l0 certi&ie% "r rec"-!i2e%
bar-ai!i!- a-e!t +a0 &ile a !"tice "& strie "r the e+pl"0er +a0 &ile a
!"tice "& l"c",t #ith the Mi!istr0 at least .8 %a0 be&"re the i!te!%e%
%ate there"&. I! cases "& ,!&air lab"r practice/ the peri"% "& !"tice
shall be 16 %a0s a!% i! the abse!ce "& a %,l0 certi&ie% "r rec"-!i2e%
bar-ai!i!- a-e!t/ the !"tice "& strie +a0 be &ile% b0 a!0 le-iti+ate
lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! i! behal& "& its +e+bers. F"#e3er/ i! case "&
%is+issal &r"+ e+pl"0+e!t "& ,!i"! "&&icers %,l0 electe% i!
acc"r%a!ce #ith the ,!i"! c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#s/ #hich +a0
c"!stit,te ,!i"! b,sti!-/ #here the e'iste!ce "& the ,!i"! is
threate!e%/ the 16-%a0 c""li!--"&& peri"% shall !"t appl0 a!% the
,!i"! +a0 tae acti"! i++e%iatel0. (As a+e!%e% b0 E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 111/
Dece+ber $5/ 19<)*.
(%* The !"tice +,st be i! acc"r%a!ce #ith s,ch i+ple+e!ti!- r,les
a!% re-,lati"!s as the Mi!ister "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0
pr"+,l-ate.
(e* D,ri!- the c""li!--"&& peri"%/ it shall be the %,t0 "& the Mi!istr0
t" e'ert all e&&"rts at +e%iati"! a!% c"!ciliati"! t" e&&ect a 3"l,!tar0
settle+e!t. Sh",l% the %isp,te re+ai! ,!settle% ,!til the lapse "& the
re1,isite !,+ber "& %a0s &r"+ the +a!%at"r0 &ili!- "& the !"tice/ the
lab"r ,!i"! +a0 strie "r the e+pl"0er +a0 %eclare a l"c",t.
(&* A %ecisi"! t" %eclare a strie +,st be appr"3e% b0 a +a4"rit0 "&
the t"tal ,!i"! +e+bership i! the bar-ai!i!- ,!it c"!cer!e%/
"btai!e% b0 secret ball"t i! +eeti!-s "r re&ere!%a calle% &"r that
p,rp"se. A %ecisi"! t" %eclare a l"c",t +,st be appr"3e% b0 a
+a4"rit0 "& the b"ar% "& %irect"rs "& the c"rp"rati"! "r ass"ciati"! "r
"& the part!ers i! a part!ership/ "btai!e% b0 secret ball"t i! a
+eeti!- calle% &"r that p,rp"se. The %ecisi"! shall be 3ali% &"r the
%,rati"! "& the %isp,te base% "! s,bsta!tiall0 the sa+e -r",!%s
c"!si%ere% #he! the strie "r l"c",t 3"te #as tae!. The Mi!istr0
+a0/ at its "#! i!itiati3e "r ,p"! the re1,est "& a!0 a&&ecte% part0/
s,per3ise the c"!%,ct "& the secret ball"ti!-. I! e3er0 case/ the ,!i"!
"r the e+pl"0er shall &,r!ish the Mi!istr0 the res,lts "& the 3"ti!- at
least se3e! %a0s be&"re the i!te!%e% strie "r l"c",t/ s,b4ect t" the
c""li!--"&& peri"% herei! pr"3i%e%. (As a+e!%e% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 1.8/
A,-,st $1/ 19<1 a!% &,rther a+e!%e% b0 E'ec,ti3e Or%er N". 111/ Dece+ber $5/ 19<)*.
(-* Ehe!/ i! his "pi!i"!/ there e'ists a lab"r %isp,te ca,si!- "r liel0
t" ca,se a strie "r l"c",t i! a! i!%,str0 i!%ispe!sable t" the
!ati"!al i!terest/ the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0
ass,+e 4,ris%icti"! "3er the %isp,te a!% %eci%e it "r certi&0 the sa+e
t" the C"++issi"! &"r c"+p,ls"r0 arbitrati"!. S,ch ass,+pti"! "r
certi&icati"! shall ha3e the e&&ect "& a,t"+aticall0 e!4"i!i!- the
i!te!%e% "r i+pe!%i!- strie "r l"c",t as speci&ie% i! the
ass,+pti"! "r certi&icati"! "r%er. I& "!e has alrea%0 tae! place at
the ti+e "& ass,+pti"! "r certi&icati"!/ all strii!- "r l"ce% ",t
e+pl"0ees shall i++e%iatel0 ret,r!-t"-#"r a!% the e+pl"0er shall
i++e%iatel0 res,+e "perati"!s a!% rea%+it all #"rers ,!%er the
sa+e ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s pre3aili!- be&"re the strie "r l"c",t.
The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r the C"++issi"! +a0
see the assista!ce "& la# e!&"rce+e!t a-e!cies t" e!s,re c"+plia!ce
#ith this pr"3isi"! as #ell as #ith s,ch "r%ers as he +a0 iss,e t"
e!&"rce the sa+e.
I! li!e #ith the !ati"!al c"!cer! &"r a!% the hi-hest respect acc"r%e%
t" the ri-ht "& patie!ts t" li&e a!% health/ stries a!% l"c",ts i!
h"spitals/ cli!ics a!% si+ilar +e%ical i!stit,ti"!s shall/ t" e3er0
e'te!t p"ssible/ be a3"i%e%/ a!% all seri",s e&&"rts/ !"t "!l0 b0 lab"r
a!% +a!a-e+e!t b,t -"3er!+e!t as #ell/ be e'ha,ste% t"
s,bsta!tiall0 +i!i+i2e/ i& !"t pre3e!t/ their a%3erse e&&ects "! s,ch
li&e a!% health/ thr",-h the e'ercise/ h"#e3er le-iti+ate/ b0 lab"r "&
its ri-ht t" strie a!% b0 +a!a-e+e!t t" l"c",t. I! lab"r %isp,tes
a%3ersel0 a&&ecti!- the c"!ti!,e% "perati"! "& s,ch h"spitals/ cli!ics
"r +e%ical i!stit,ti"!s/ it shall be the %,t0 "& the strii!- ,!i"! "r
l"ci!--",t e+pl"0er t" pr"3i%e a!% +ai!tai! a! e&&ecti3e seletal
#"r&"rce "& +e%ical a!% "ther health pers"!!el/ #h"se +"3e+e!t
a!% ser3ices shall be ,!ha+pere% a!% ,!restricte%/ as are !ecessar0
t" i!s,re the pr"per a!% a%e1,ate pr"tecti"! "& the li&e a!% health "&
its patie!ts/ +"st especiall0 e+er-e!c0 cases/ &"r the %,rati"! "& the
strie "r l"c",t. I! s,ch cases/ there&"re/ the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t +a0 i++e%iatel0 ass,+e/ #ithi! t#e!t0 &",r ($5* h",rs
&r"+ !"#le%-e "& the "cc,rre!ce "& s,ch a strie "r l"c",t/
4,ris%icti"! "3er the sa+e "r certi&0 it t" the C"++issi"! &"r
c"+p,ls"r0 arbitrati"!. :"r this p,rp"se/ the c"!te!%i!- parties are
strictl0 e!4"i!e% t" c"+pl0 #ith s,ch "r%ers/ pr"hibiti"!s a!%>"r
i!4,!cti"!s as are iss,e% b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t
"r the C"++issi"!/ ,!%er pai! "& i++e%iate %iscipli!ar0 acti"!/
i!cl,%i!- %is+issal "r l"ss "& e+pl"0+e!t stat,s "r pa0+e!t b0 the
l"ci!--",t e+pl"0er "& bac#a-es/ %a+a-es a!% "ther a&&ir+ati3e
relie&/ e3e! cri+i!al pr"sec,ti"! a-ai!st either "r b"th "& the+.
The &"re-"i!- !"t#ithsta!%i!-/ the Presi%e!t "& the Philippi!es shall
!"t be precl,%e% &r"+ %eter+i!i!- the i!%,stries that/ i! his "pi!i"!/
are i!%ispe!sable t" the !ati"!al i!terest/ a!% &r"+ i!ter3e!i!- at
a!0 ti+e a!% ass,+i!- 4,ris%icti"! "3er a!0 s,ch lab"r %isp,te i!
"r%er t" settle "r ter+i!ate the sa+e.
(h* =e&"re "r at a!0 sta-e "& the c"+p,ls"r0 arbitrati"! pr"cess/ the
parties +a0 "pt t" s,b+it their %isp,te t" 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"!.
(i* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ the C"++issi"! "r the
3"l,!tar0 arbitrat"r shall %eci%e "r res"l3e the %isp,te/ as the case
+a0 be. The %ecisi"! "& the Presi%e!t/ the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t/ the C"++issi"! "r the 3"l,!tar0 arbitrat"r shall be
&i!al a!% e'ec,t"r0 te! (18* cale!%ar %a0s a&ter receipt there"& b0 the
parties. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $7/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $)5. Prohibited activities. - (a* N" lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! "r
e+pl"0er shall %eclare a strie "r l"c",t #ith",t &irst ha3i!-
bar-ai!e% c"llecti3el0 i! acc"r%a!ce #ith Title VII "& this ="" "r
#ith",t &irst ha3i!- &ile% the !"tice re1,ire% i! the prece%i!- Article
"r #ith",t the !ecessar0 strie "r l"c",t 3"te &irst ha3i!- bee!
"btai!e% a!% rep"rte% t" the Mi![Link]! r"bles 3irt,al la# librar0
N" strie "r l"c",t shall be %eclare% a&ter ass,+pti"! "& 4,ris%icti"!
b0 the Presi%e!t "r the Mi!ister "r a&ter certi&icati"! "r s,b+issi"! "&
the %isp,te t" c"+p,ls"r0 "r 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"! "r %,ri!- the
pe!%e!c0 "& cases i!3"l3i!- the sa+e -r",!%s &"r the strie "r
l"c",t.
A!0 #"rer #h"se e+pl"0+e!t has bee! ter+i!ate% as a
c"!se1,e!ce "& a!0 ,!la#&,l l"c",t shall be e!title% t"
rei!state+e!t #ith &,ll bac#a-es. A!0 ,!i"! "&&icer #h" !"#i!-l0
participates i! a! ille-al strie a!% a!0 #"rer "r ,!i"! "&&icer #h"
!"#i!-l0 participates i! the c"++issi"! "& ille-al acts %,ri!- a
strie +a0 be %eclare% t" ha3e l"st his e+pl"0+e!t stat,sB Pr"3i%e%/
That +ere participati"! "& a #"rer i! a la#&,l strie shall !"t
c"!stit,te s,&&icie!t -r",!% &"r ter+i!ati"! "& his e+pl"0+e!t/ e3e!
i& a replace+e!t ha% bee! hire% b0 the e+pl"0er %,ri!- s,ch la#&,l
strie.
(b* N" pers"! shall "bstr,ct/ i+pe%e/ "r i!ter&ere #ith/ b0 &"rce/
3i"le!ce/ c"erci"!/ threats "r i!ti+i%ati"!/ a!0 peace&,l piceti!- b0
e+pl"0ees %,ri!- a!0 lab"r c"!tr"3ers0 "r i! the e'ercise "& the ri-ht
t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"! "r c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-/ "r shall ai% "r abet s,ch
"bstr,cti"! "r i!ter&ere!ce.
(c* N" e+pl"0er shall ,se "r e+pl"0 a!0 strie-breaer/ !"r shall a!0
pers"! be e+pl"0e% as a strie-breaer.
(%* N" p,blic "&&icial "r e+pl"0ee/ i!cl,%i!- "&&icers a!% pers"!!el "&
the Ne# Ar+e% :"rces "& the Philippi!es "r the I!te-rate% Nati"!al
P"lice/ "r ar+e% pers"!/ shall bri!- i!/ i!tr"%,ce "r esc"rt i! a!0
+a!!er/ a!0 i!%i3i%,al #h" sees t" replace striers i! e!teri!- "r
lea3i!- the pre+ises "& a strie area/ "r #"r i! place "& the striers.
The p"lice &"rce shall eep ",t "& the picet li!es ,!less act,al
3i"le!ce "r "ther cri+i!al acts "cc,r therei!B Pr"3i%e%/ That !"thi!-
herei! shall be i!terprete% t" pre3e!t a!0 p,blic "&&icer &r"+ tai!-
a!0 +eas,re !ecessar0 t" +ai!tai! peace a!% "r%er/ pr"tect li&e a!%
pr"pert0/ a!%>"r e!&"rce the la# a!% le-al "r%er. (As a+e!%e% b0 E'ec,ti3e
Or%er N". 111/ Dece+ber $5/ 19<)*.
(e* N" pers"! e!-a-e% i! piceti!- shall c"++it a!0 act "& 3i"le!ce/
c"erci"! "r i!ti+i%ati"! "r "bstr,ct the &ree i!-ress t" "r e-ress &r"+
the e+pl"0er@s pre+ises &"r la#&,l p,rp"ses/ "r "bstr,ct p,blic
th"r",-h&ares. (As a+e!%e% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- $$7/ G,!e 1/ 19<$*.
Article. $)6. #mproved offer balloting. - I! a! e&&"rt t" settle a strie/
the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t shall c"!%,ct a
re&ere!%,+ b0 secret ball"t "! the i+pr"3e% "&&er "& the e+pl"0er "!
"r be&"re the .8th %a0 "& the strie. Ehe! at least a +a4"rit0 "& the
,!i"! +e+bers 3"te t" accept the i+pr"3e% "&&er the strii!-
#"rers shall i++e%iatel0 ret,r! t" #"r a!% the e+pl"0er shall
there,p"! rea%+it the+ ,p"! the si-!i!- "& the a-ree+e!t.
I! case "& a l"c",t/ the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t shall
als" c"!%,ct a re&ere!%,+ b0 secret ball"ti!- "! the re%,ce% "&&er "&
the ,!i"! "! "r be&"re the .8th %a0 "& the l"c",t. Ehe! at least a
+a4"rit0 "& the b"ar% "& %irect"rs "r tr,stees "r the part!ers h"l%i!-
the c"!tr"lli!- i!terest i! the case "& a part!ership 3"te t" accept the
re%,ce% "&&er/ the #"rers shall i++e%iatel0 ret,r! t" #"r a!% the
e+pl"0er shall there,p"! rea%+it the+ ,p"! the si-!i!- "& the
a-ree+e!t. (I!c"rp"rate% b0 Secti"! $</ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $)). [Link] for arrest and detention. - E'cept "!
-r",!%s "& !ati"!al sec,rit0 a!% p,blic peace "r i! case "&
c"++issi"! "& a cri+e/ !" ,!i"! +e+bers "r ,!i"! "r-a!i2ers +a0
be arreste% "r %etai!e% &"r ,!i"! acti3ities #ith",t pre3i",s
c"!s,ltati"!s #ith the Secretar0 "& Lab"r.

Chapter II
ASSISTANCE TO
LA=OR ORGANIMATIONS
Article. $)7. Assistance by the Department of Labor. - The
Depart+e!t "& Lab"r/ at the i!itiati3e "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r/ shall
e'te!% special assista!ce t" the "r-a!i2ati"!/ &"r p,rp"ses "&
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-/ "& the +"st ,!%erpri3ile-e% #"rers #h"/ &"r
reas"!s "& "cc,pati"!/ "r-a!i2ati"!al str,ct,re "r i!s,&&icie!t
i!c"+es/ are !"t !"r+all0 c"3ere% b0 +a4"r lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s "r
&e%erati"!s.
Article. $)<. Assistance by the #nstitute of Labor and +anpo!er
$tudies. - The I!stit,te "& Lab"r a!% Ma!p"#er St,%ies shall re!%er
tech!ical a!% "ther &"r+s "& assista!ce t" lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s a!%
e+pl"0er "r-a!i2ati"!s i! the &iel% "& lab"r e%,cati"!/ especiall0
pertai!i!- t" c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-/ arbitrati"!/ lab"r sta!%ar%s a!%
the Lab"r C"%e "& the Philippi!es i! -e!eral.

Chapter III
:OREIGN ACTIVITIES
Article. $)9. Prohibition against aliens2 e,ceptions. - All alie!s/
!at,ral "r 4,ri%ical/ as #ell as &"rei-! "r-a!i2ati"!s are strictl0
pr"hibite% &r"+ e!-a-i!- %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0 i! all &"r+s "& tra%e
,!i"! acti3ities #ith",t pre4,%ice t" !"r+al c"!tacts bet#ee!
Philippi!e lab"r ,!i"!s a!% rec"-!i2e% i!ter!ati"!al lab"r ce!tersB
Pr"3i%e%/ h"#e3er/ That alie!s #"ri!- i! the c",!tr0 #ith 3ali%
per+its iss,e% b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t/ +a0
e'ercise the ri-ht t" sel&-"r-a!i2ati"! a!% 4"i! "r assist lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!s "& their "#! ch""si!- &"r p,rp"ses "& c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!-B Pr"3i%e%/ &,rther/ That sai% alie!s are !ati"!als "& a
c",!tr0 #hich -ra!ts the sa+e "r si+ilar ri-hts t" :ilipi!" #"rers.
(As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! $9/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $78. Regulation of foreign assistance. - (a* N" &"rei-!
i!%i3i%,al/ "r-a!i2ati"! "r e!tit0 +a0 -i3e a!0 %"!ati"!s/ -ra!ts "r
"ther &"r+s "& assista!ce/ i! cash "r i! i!%/ %irectl0 "r i!%irectl0/ t"
a!0 lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!/ -r",p "& #"rers "r a!0 a,'iliar0 there"&/
s,ch as c""perati3es/ cre%it ,!i"!s a!% i!stit,ti"!s e!-a-e% i!
research/ e%,cati"! "r c"++,!icati"!/ i! relati"! t" tra%e ,!i"!
acti3ities/ #ith",t pri"r per+issi"! b0 the Secretar0 "& Lab"r.
"Trade union activities" shall +ea!B
(1* "r-a!i2ati"!/ &"r+ati"! a!% a%+i!istrati"! "& lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!C
($* !e-"tiati"! a!% a%+i!istrati"! "& c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!-
a-ree+e!tsC
(.* all &"r+s "& c"!certe% ,!i"! acti"!C
(5* "r-a!i2i!-/ +a!a-i!-/ "r assisti!- ,!i"! c"!3e!ti"!s/ +eeti!-s/
rallies/ re&ere!%a/ teach-i!s/ se+i!ars/ c"!&ere!ces a!% i!stit,tesC
(6* a!0 &"r+ "& participati"! "r i!3"l3e+e!t i! represe!tati"!
pr"cee%i!-s/ represe!tati"! electi"!s/ c"!se!t electi"!s/ ,!i"!
electi"!sC a!%
()* "ther acti3ities "r acti"!s a!al"-",s t" the &"re-"i!-.
(b* This pr"hibiti"! shall e1,all0 appl0 t" &"rei-! %"!ati"!s/ -ra!ts
"r "ther &"r+s "& assista!ce/ i! cash "r i! i!%/ -i3e! %irectl0 "r
i!%irectl0 t" a!0 e+pl"0er "r e+pl"0er@s "r-a!i2ati"! t" s,pp"rt a!0
acti3it0 "r acti3ities a&&ecti!- tra%e ,!i"!s.
(c* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall pr"+,l-ate r,les a!% re-,lati"!s t"
re-,late a!% c"!tr"l the -i3i!- a!% recei3i!- "& s,ch %"!ati"!s/
-ra!ts/ "r "ther &"r+s "& assista!ce/ i!cl,%i!- the +a!%at"r0
rep"rti!- "& the a+",!ts "& the %"!ati"!s "r -ra!ts/ the speci&ic
recipie!ts there"&/ the pr"4ects "r acti3ities pr"p"se% t" be s,pp"rte%/
a!% their %,rati"!.
Article. $71. Applicability to farm tenants and rural !or"ers. - The
pr"3isi"!s "& this Title pertai!i!- t" &"rei-! "r-a!i2ati"!s a!%
acti3ities shall be %ee+e% applicable lie#ise t" all "r-a!i2ati"!s "&
&ar+ te!a!ts/ r,ral #"rers/ a!% the lieB Pr"3i%e%/ That i!
appr"priate cases/ the Secretar0 "& A-raria! Re&"r+ shall e'ercise the
p"#ers a!% resp"!sibilities 3este% b0 this Title i! the Secretar0 "&
Lab"r.

Chapter IV
PENALTIES :OR VIOLATION
Article. $7$. Penalties. - (a* A!0 pers"! 3i"lati!- a!0 "& the
pr"3isi"!s "& Article $)5 "& this C"%e shall be p,!ishe% b0 a &i!e "&
!"t less tha! "!e th",sa!% pes"s (P1/888.88* !"r +"re tha! te!
th",sa!% pes"s (P18/888.88* a!%>"r i+pris"!+e!t &"r !"t less tha!
three +"!ths !"r +"re tha! three (.* 0ears/ "r b"th s,ch &i!e a!%
i+pris"!+e!t/ at the %iscreti"! "& the c",rt. Pr"sec,ti"! ,!%er this
pr"3isi"! shall precl,%e pr"sec,ti"! &"r the sa+e act ,!%er the
Re3ise% Pe!al C"%e/ a!% vice versa.
(b* Dp"! the rec"++e!%ati"! "& the Mi!ister "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t a!% the Mi!ister "& Nati"!al De&e!se/ &"rei-!ers #h"
3i"late the pr"3isi"!s "& this Title shall be s,b4ect t" i++e%iate a!%
s,++ar0 %ep"rtati"! b0 the C"++issi"! "! I++i-rati"! a!%
Dep"rtati"! a!% shall be per+a!e!tl0 barre% &r"+ re-e!teri!- the
c",!tr0 #ith",t the special per+issi"! "& the Presi%e!t "& the
Philippi!es. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! 1)/ =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 1.8 a!% Secti"! 7/ =atas
Pa+ba!sa =ila!- $$7*.

Title IL
SPECIAL PROVISIONS
Article. $7.. $tudy of labormanagement relations. - The Secretar0
"& Lab"r shall ha3e the p"#er a!% it shall be his %,t0 t" i!1,ire i!t"B
(a* the e'isti!- relati"!s bet#ee! e+pl"0ers a!% e+pl"0ees i! the
Philippi!esC
(b* the -r"#th "& ass"ciati"!s "& e+pl"0ees a!% the e&&ect "& s,ch
ass"ciati"!s ,p"! e+pl"0er-e+pl"0ee relati"!sC
(c* the e'te!t a!% res,lts "& the +eth"%s "& c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- i!
the %eter+i!ati"! "& ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!tC
(%* the +eth"%s #hich ha3e bee! trie% b0 e+pl"0ers a!% ass"ciati"!s
"& e+pl"0ees &"r +ai!tai!i!- +,t,all0 satis&act"r0 relati"!sC
(e* %esirable i!%,strial practices #hich ha3e bee! %e3el"pe% thr",-h
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a!% "ther 3"l,!tar0 arra!-e+e!tsC
(&* the p"ssible #a0s "& i!creasi!- the ,se&,l!ess a!% e&&icie!c0 "&
c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- &"r settli!- %i&&ere!cesC
(-* the p"ssibilities &"r the a%"pti"! "& practical a!% e&&ecti3e
+eth"%s "& lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t c""perati"!C
(h* a!0 "ther aspects "& e+pl"0er-e+pl"0ee relati"!s c"!cer!i!- the
pr"+"ti"! "& har+"!0 a!% ,!%ersta!%i!- bet#ee! the partiesC
a!%cha! r"bles 3irt,al la# librar0
(i* the rele3a!ce "& lab"r la#s a!% lab"r relati"!s t" !ati"!al
%e3el"p+e!t.
The Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall als" i!1,ire i!t" the ca,ses "& i!%,strial
,!rest a!% tae all the !ecessar0 steps #ithi! his p"#er as +a0 be
prescribe% b0 la# t" alle3iate the sa+e/ a!% shall &r"+ ti+e t" ti+e
rec"++e!% the e!act+e!t "& s,ch re+e%ial le-islati"! as i! his
4,%-+e!t +a0 be %esirable &"r the +ai!te!a!ce a!% pr"+"ti"! "&
i!%,strial peace.
Article. $75. 0isitorial po!er. - The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3e is hereb0
e+p"#ere% t" i!1,ire i!t" the &i!a!cial acti3ities "& le-iti+ate lab"r
"r-a!i2ati"!s ,p"! the &ili!- "& a c"+plai!t ,!%er "ath a!% %,l0
s,pp"rte% b0 the #ritte! c"!se!t "& at least t#e!t0 perce!t ($8?* "&
the t"tal +e+bership "& the lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! c"!cer!e% a!% t"
e'a+i!e their b""s "& acc",!ts a!% "ther rec"r%s t" %eter+i!e
c"+plia!ce "r !"!-c"+plia!ce #ith the la# a!% t" pr"sec,te a!0
3i"lati"!s "& the la# a!% the ,!i"! c"!stit,ti"! a!% b0-la#sB
Pr"3i%e%/ That s,ch i!1,ir0 "r e'a+i!ati"! shall !"t be c"!%,cte%
%,ri!- the si't0 ()8*-%a0 &ree%"+ peri"% !"r #ithi! the thirt0 (.8*
%a0s i++e%iatel0 prece%i!- the %ate "& electi"! "& ,!i"! "&&icials. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! .1/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $76. Tripartism and tripartite conferences. - (a* Tripartis+
i! lab"r relati"!s is hereb0 %eclare% a State p"lic0. T"#ar%s this e!%/
#"rers a!% e+pl"0ers shall/ as &ar as practicable/ be represe!te% i!
%ecisi"! a!% p"lic0-+ai!- b"%ies "& the -"3er!+e!t.
(b* The Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t "r his %,l0 a,th"ri2e%
represe!tati3es +a0/ &r"+ ti+e t" ti+e/ call a !ati"!al/ re-i"!al/ "r
i!%,strial tripartite c"!&ere!ce "& represe!tati3es "& -"3er!+e!t/
#"rers a!% e+pl"0ers &"r the c"!si%erati"! a!% a%"pti"! "&
3"l,!tar0 c"%es "& pri!ciples %esi-!e% t" pr"+"te i!%,strial peace
base% "! s"cial 4,stice "r t" ali-! lab"r +"3e+e!t relati"!s #ith
establishe% pri"rities i! ec"!"+ic a!% s"cial %e3el"p+e!t. I! calli!-
s,ch c"!&ere!ce/ the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0
c"!s,lt #ith accre%ite% represe!tati3es "& #"rers a!% e+pl"0ers. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! .$/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
Article. $7). ;overnment employees. - The ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "&
e+pl"0+e!t "& all -"3er!+e!t e+pl"0ees/ i!cl,%i!- e+pl"0ees "&
-"3er!+e!t-"#!e% a!% c"!tr"lle% c"rp"rati"!s/ shall be -"3er!e% b0
the Ci3il Ser3ice La#/ r,les a!% re-,lati"!s. Their salaries shall be
sta!%ar%i2e% b0 the Nati"!al Asse+bl0 as pr"3i%e% &"r i! the Ne#
C"!stit,ti"!. F"#e3er/ there shall be !" re%,cti"! "& e'isti!- #a-es/
be!e&its a!% "ther ter+s a!% c"!%iti"!s "& e+pl"0+e!t bei!-
e!4"0e% b0 the+ at the ti+e "& the a%"pti"! "& this C"%e.
Article. $77. +iscellaneous provisions. - (a* All ,!i"!s are a,th"ri2e%
t" c"llect reas"!able +e+bership &ees/ ,!i"! %,es/ assess+e!ts a!%
&i!es a!% "ther c"!trib,ti"!s &"r lab"r e%,cati"! a!% research/
+,t,al %eath a!% h"spitali2ati"! be!e&its/ #el&are &,!%/ strie &,!%
a!% cre%it a!% c""perati3e ,!%ertai!-s. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ../ Rep,blic
Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
(b* S,b4ect t" the c"!stit,ti"!al ri-ht "& #"rers t" sec,rit0 "& te!,re
a!% their ri-ht t" be pr"tecte% a-ai!st %is+issal e'cept &"r a 4,st a!%
a,th"ri2e% ca,se a!% #ith",t pre4,%ice t" the re1,ire+e!t "& !"tice
,!%er Article $<. "& this C"%e/ the e+pl"0er shall &,r!ish the #"rer
#h"se e+pl"0+e!t is s",-ht t" be ter+i!ate% a #ritte! !"tice
c"!tai!i!- a state+e!t "& the ca,ses &"r ter+i!ati"! a!% shall a&&"r%
the latter a+ple "pp"rt,!it0 t" be hear% a!% t" %e&e!% hi+sel& #ith
the assista!ce "& his represe!tati3e i& he s" %esires i! acc"r%a!ce #ith
c"+pa!0 r,les a!% re-,lati"!s pr"+,l-ate% p,rs,a!t t" -,i%eli!es
set b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t. A!0 %ecisi"! tae!
b0 the e+pl"0er shall be #ith",t pre4,%ice t" the ri-ht "& the #"rer
t" c"!test the 3ali%it0 "r le-alit0 "& his %is+issal b0 &ili!- a c"+plai!t
#ith the re-i"!al bra!ch "& the Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s
C"++issi"!. The b,r%e! "& pr"3i!- that the ter+i!ati"! #as &"r a
3ali% "r a,th"ri2e% ca,se shall rest "! the e+pl"0er. The Secretar0 "&
the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t +a0 s,spe!% the e&&ects "&
the ter+i!ati"! pe!%i!- res"l,ti"! "& the %isp,te i! the e3e!t "& a
prima facie &i!%i!- b0 the appr"priate "&&icial "& the Depart+e!t "&
Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t be&"re #h"+ s,ch %isp,te is pe!%i!- that
the ter+i!ati"! +a0 ca,se a seri",s lab"r %isp,te "r is i!
i+ple+e!tati"! "& a +ass la0-"&&. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ../ Rep,blic Act N".
)716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
(c* A!0 e+pl"0ee/ #hether e+pl"0e% &"r a %e&i!ite peri"% "r !"t/
shall/ be-i!!i!- "! his &irst %a0 "& ser3ice/ be c"!si%ere% as a!
e+pl"0ee &"r p,rp"ses "& +e+bership i! a!0 lab"r ,!i"!. (As a+e!%e%
b0 Secti"! ../ Rep,blic Act N". )716*.
(%* N" %"cet &ee shall be assesse% i! lab"r sta!%ar%s %isp,tes. I! all
"ther %isp,tes/ %"cet &ees +a0 be assesse% a-ai!st the &ili!- part0/
pr"3i%e% that i! bar-ai!i!- %ea%l"c/ s,ch &ees shall be share%
e1,all0 b0 the !e-"tiati!- parties.
(e* The Mi!ister "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t a!% the Mi!ister "& the
=,%-et shall ca,se t" be create% "r reclassi&ie% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith
la# s,ch p"siti"!s as +a0 be !ecessar0 t" carr0 ",t the "b4ecti3es "&
this C"%e a!% ca,se the ,p-ra%i!- "& the salaries "& the pers"!!el
i!3"l3e% i! the Lab"r Relati"!s S0ste+ "& the Mi!istr0. :,!%s !ee%e%
&"r this p,rp"se shall be pr"3i%e% ",t "& the Special Acti3ities :,!%
appr"priate% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa =l-. <8 a!% &r"+ a!!,al
appr"priati"!s therea&ter. (I!c"rp"rate% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 1.8/ A,-,st $1/
19<1*.
(&* A special V"l,!tar0 Arbitrati"! :,!% is hereb0 establishe% i! the
="ar% t" s,bsi%i2e the c"st "& 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"! i! cases i!3"l3i!-
the i!terpretati"! a!% i+ple+e!tati"! "& the C"llecti3e =ar-ai!i!-
A-ree+e!t/ i!cl,%i!- the Arbitrat"r@s &ees/ a!% &"r s,ch "ther relate%
p,rp"ses t" pr"+"te a!% %e3el"p 3"l,!tar0 arbitrati"!. The ="ar%
shall a%+i!ister the Special V"l,!tar0 Arbitrati"! :,!% i!
acc"r%a!ce #ith the -,i%eli!es it +a0 a%"pt ,p"! the
rec"++e!%ati"! "& the C",!cil/ #hich -,i%eli!es shall be s,b4ect t"
the appr"3al "& the Secretar0 "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t. C"!ti!,i!-
&,!%s !ee%e% &"r this p,rp"se i! the i!itial 0earl0 a+",!t "& &i&tee!
+illi"! pes"s (P16/888/888.88* shall be pr"3i%e% i! the 19<9 a!!,al
-e!eral appr"priati"!s acts. cha! r"bles 3irt,al la# librar0
The a+",!t "& s,bsi%0 i! appr"priate cases shall be %eter+i!e% b0
the ="ar% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith establishe% -,i%eli!es iss,e% b0 it ,p"!
the rec"++e!%ati"! "& the C",!cil.
The :,!% shall als" be ,tili2e% &"r the "perati"! "& the C",!cil/ the
trai!i!- a!% e%,cati"! "& V"l,!tar0 Arbitrat"rs/ a!% the V"l,!tar0
Arbitrati"! Pr"-ra+. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ../ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/
19<9*.
(-* The Mi!istr0 shall help pr"+"te a!% -ra%,all0 %e3el"p/ #ith the
a-ree+e!t "& lab"r "r-a!i2ati"!s a!% e+pl"0ers/ lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t
c""perati"! pr"-ra+s at appr"priate le3els "& the e!terprise base% "!
the share% resp"!sibilit0 a!% +,t,al respect i! "r%er t" e!s,re
i!%,strial peace a!% i+pr"3e+e!t i! pr"%,cti3it0/ #"ri!-
c"!%iti"!s a!% the 1,alit0 "& #"ri!- li&e. (I!c"rp"rate% b0 =atas Pa+ba!sa
=ila!- 1.8/ A,-,st $1/ 19<1*.
(h* I! establish+e!ts #here !" le-iti+ate lab"r "r-a!i2ati"! e'ists/
lab"r-+a!a-e+e!t c"++ittees +a0 be &"r+e% 3"l,!taril0 b0
#"rers a!% e+pl"0ers &"r the p,rp"se "& pr"+"ti!- i!%,strial
peace. The Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% E+pl"0+e!t shall e!%ea3"r t"
e!li-hte! a!% e%,cate the #"rers a!% e+pl"0ers "! their ri-hts a!%
resp"!sibilities thr",-h lab"r e%,cati"! #ith e+phasis "! the p"lic0
thr,sts "& this C"%e. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ../ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/
19<9*.
(i* T" e!s,re spee%0 lab"r 4,stice/ the peri"%s pr"3i%e% i! this C"%e
#ithi! #hich %ecisi"!s "r res"l,ti"!s "& lab"r relati"!s cases "r
+atters sh",l% be re!%ere% shall be +a!%at"r0. :"r this p,rp"se/ a
case "r +atter shall be %ee+e% s,b+itte% &"r %ecisi"! "r res"l,ti"!
,p"! the &ili!- "& the last plea%i!- "r +e+"ra!%,+ re1,ire% b0 the
r,les "& the C"++issi"! "r b0 the C"++issi"! itsel&/ "r the Lab"r
Arbiter/ "r the Direct"r "& the =,rea, "& Lab"r Relati"!s "r Me%-
Arbiter/ "r the Re-i"!al Direct"r.
Dp"! e'pirati"! "& the c"rresp"!%i!- peri"%/ a certi&icati"! stati!-
#h0 a %ecisi"! "r res"l,ti"! has !"t bee! re!%ere% #ithi! the sai%
peri"% shall be iss,e% &"rth#ith b0 the Chair+a! "& the C"++issi"!/
the E'ec,ti3e Lab"r Arbiter/ "r the Direct"r "& the =,rea, "& Lab"r
Relati"!s "r Me%-Arbiter/ "r the Re-i"!al Direct"r/ as the case +a0
be/ a!% a c"p0 there"& ser3e% ,p"! the parties.
Despite the e'pirati"! "& the applicable +a!%at"r0 peri"%/ the
a&"resai% "&&icials shall/ #ith",t pre4,%ice t" a!0 liabilit0 #hich +a0
ha3e bee! i!c,rre% as a c"!se1,e!ce there"&/ see t" it that the case "r
+atter shall be %eci%e% "r res"l3e% #ith",t a!0 &,rther %ela0.
(I!c"rp"rate% b0 Secti"! ../ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
=OOA SIL

POST EMPLOYMENT

Title I
TERMINATION O: EMPLOYMENT

ART. $7<. Coverage. - The pr"3isi"!s "& this Title shall appl0 t" all
establish+e!ts "r ,!%ertai!-s/ #hether &"r pr"&it "r !"t.
ART. $79. $ecurity of tenure. - I! cases "& re-,lar e+pl"0+e!t/ the
e+pl"0er shall !"t ter+i!ate the ser3ices "& a! e+pl"0ee e'cept &"r a
4,st ca,se "r #he! a,th"ri2e% b0 this Title. A! e+pl"0ee #h" is
,!4,stl0 %is+isse% &r"+ #"r shall be e!title% t" rei!state+e!t
#ith",t l"ss "& se!i"rit0 ri-hts a!% "ther pri3ile-es a!% t" his &,ll
bac#a-es/ i!cl,si3e "& all"#a!ces/ a!% t" his "ther be!e&its "r their
+"!etar0 e1,i3ale!t c"+p,te% &r"+ the ti+e his c"+pe!sati"! #as
#ithhel% &r"+ hi+ ,p t" the ti+e "& his act,al rei!state+e!t. (As
a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! .5/ Rep,blic Act N". )716/ March $1/ 19<9*.
ART. $<8. Regular and casual employment. - The pr"3isi"!s "&
#ritte! a-ree+e!t t" the c"!trar0 !"t#ithsta!%i!- a!% re-ar%less "&
the "ral a-ree+e!t "& the parties/ a! e+pl"0+e!t shall be %ee+e% t"
be re-,lar #here the e+pl"0ee has bee! e!-a-e% t" per&"r+ acti3ities
#hich are ,s,all0 !ecessar0 "r %esirable i! the ,s,al b,si!ess "r
tra%e "& the e+pl"0er/ e'cept #here the e+pl"0+e!t has bee! &i'e%
&"r a speci&ic pr"4ect "r ,!%ertai!- the c"+pleti"! "r ter+i!ati"! "&
#hich has bee! %eter+i!e% at the ti+e "& the e!-a-e+e!t "& the
e+pl"0ee "r #here the #"r "r ser3ice t" be per&"r+e% is seas"!al i!
!at,re a!% the e+pl"0+e!t is &"r the %,rati"! "& the seas"!.
A! e+pl"0+e!t shall be %ee+e% t" be cas,al i& it is !"t c"3ere% b0
the prece%i!- para-raphB Pr"3i%e%/ That a!0 e+pl"0ee #h" has
re!%ere% at least "!e 0ear "& ser3ice/ #hether s,ch ser3ice is
c"!ti!,",s "r br"e!/ shall be c"!si%ere% a re-,lar e+pl"0ee #ith
respect t" the acti3it0 i! #hich he is e+pl"0e% a!% his e+pl"0+e!t
shall c"!ti!,e #hile s,ch acti3it0 e'ists.
ART. $<1. Probationary employment. - Pr"bati"!ar0 e+pl"0+e!t
shall !"t e'cee% si' ()* +"!ths &r"+ the %ate the e+pl"0ee starte%
#"ri!-/ ,!less it is c"3ere% b0 a! appre!ticeship a-ree+e!t
stip,lati!- a l"!-er peri"%. The ser3ices "& a! e+pl"0ee #h" has bee!
e!-a-e% "! a pr"bati"!ar0 basis +a0 be ter+i!ate% &"r a 4,st ca,se
"r #he! he &ails t" 1,ali&0 as a re-,lar e+pl"0ee i! acc"r%a!ce #ith
reas"!able sta!%ar%s +a%e !"#! b0 the e+pl"0er t" the e+pl"0ee
at the ti+e "& his e!-a-e+e!t. A! e+pl"0ee #h" is all"#e% t" #"r
a&ter a pr"bati"!ar0 peri"% shall be c"!si%ere% a re-,lar e+pl"0ee.
ART. $<$. Termination by employer. - A! e+pl"0er +a0 ter+i!ate
a! e+pl"0+e!t &"r a!0 "& the &"ll"#i!- ca,sesB
(a* Seri",s +isc"!%,ct "r #ill&,l %is"be%ie!ce b0 the e+pl"0ee "& the
la#&,l "r%ers "& his e+pl"0er "r represe!tati3e i! c"!!ecti"! #ith his
#"rC
(b* Gr"ss a!% habit,al !e-lect b0 the e+pl"0ee "& his %,tiesC
(c* :ra,% "r #ill&,l breach b0 the e+pl"0ee "& the tr,st rep"se% i!
hi+ b0 his e+pl"0er "r %,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3eC
(%* C"++issi"! "& a cri+e "r "&&e!se b0 the e+pl"0ee a-ai!st the
pers"! "& his e+pl"0er "r a!0 i++e%iate +e+ber "& his &a+il0 "r his
%,l0 a,th"ri2e% represe!tati3esC a!%
(e* Other ca,ses a!al"-",s t" the &"re-"i!-.
ART. $<.. Closure of establishment and reduction of personnel. -
The e+pl"0er +a0 als" ter+i!ate the e+pl"0+e!t "& a!0 e+pl"0ee
%,e t" the i!stallati"! "& lab"r-sa3i!- %e3ices/ re%,!%a!c0/
retre!ch+e!t t" pre3e!t l"sses "r the cl"si!- "r cessati"! "&
"perati"! "& the establish+e!t "r ,!%ertai!- ,!less the cl"si!- is
&"r the p,rp"se "& circ,+3e!ti!- the pr"3isi"!s "& this Title/ b0
ser3i!- a #ritte! !"tice "! the #"rers a!% the Mi!istr0 "& Lab"r a!%
E+pl"0+e!t at least "!e (1* +"!th be&"re the i!te!%e% %ate there"&.
I! case "& ter+i!ati"! %,e t" the i!stallati"! "& lab"r-sa3i!- %e3ices
"r re%,!%a!c0/ the #"rer a&&ecte% thereb0 shall be e!title% t" a
separati"! pa0 e1,i3ale!t t" at least his "!e (1* +"!th pa0 "r t" at
least "!e (1* +"!th pa0 &"r e3er0 0ear "& ser3ice/ #hiche3er is hi-her.
I! case "& retre!ch+e!t t" pre3e!t l"sses a!% i! cases "& cl"s,res "r
cessati"! "& "perati"!s "& establish+e!t "r ,!%ertai!- !"t %,e t"
seri",s b,si!ess l"sses "r &i!a!cial re3erses/ the separati"! pa0 shall
be e1,i3ale!t t" "!e (1* +"!th pa0 "r at least "!e-hal& (1>$* +"!th
pa0 &"r e3er0 0ear "& ser3ice/ #hiche3er is hi-her. A &racti"! "& at least
si' ()* +"!ths shall be c"!si%ere% "!e (1* #h"le 0ear.
ART. $<5. Disease as ground for termination. - A! e+pl"0er +a0
ter+i!ate the ser3ices "& a! e+pl"0ee #h" has bee! &",!% t" be
s,&&eri!- &r"+ a!0 %isease a!% #h"se c"!ti!,e% e+pl"0+e!t is
pr"hibite% b0 la# "r is pre4,%icial t" his health as #ell as t" the health
"& his c"-e+pl"0eesB Pr"3i%e%/ That he is pai% separati"! pa0
e1,i3ale!t t" at least "!e (1* +"!th salar0 "r t" "!e-hal& (1>$* +"!th
salar0 &"r e3er0 0ear "& ser3ice/ #hiche3er is -reater/ a &racti"! "& at
least si' ()* +"!ths bei!- c"!si%ere% as "!e (1* #h"le 0ear.
ART. $<6. Termination by employee. - (a* A! e+pl"0ee +a0
ter+i!ate #ith",t 4,st ca,se the e+pl"0ee-e+pl"0er relati"!ship b0
ser3i!- a #ritte! !"tice "! the e+pl"0er at least "!e (1* +"!th i!
a%3a!ce. The e+pl"0er ,p"! #h"+ !" s,ch !"tice #as ser3e% +a0
h"l% the e+pl"0ee liable &"r %a+a-es.
(b* A! e+pl"0ee +a0 p,t a! e!% t" the relati"!ship #ith",t ser3i!-
a!0 !"tice "! the e+pl"0er &"r a!0 "& the &"ll"#i!- 4,st ca,sesB
1. Seri",s i!s,lt b0 the e+pl"0er "r his represe!tati3e "! the h"!"r
a!% pers"! "& the e+pl"0eeC
$. I!h,+a! a!% ,!bearable treat+e!t acc"r%e% the e+pl"0ee b0 the
e+pl"0er "r his represe!tati3eC
.. C"++issi"! "& a cri+e "r "&&e!se b0 the e+pl"0er "r his
represe!tati3e a-ai!st the pers"! "& the e+pl"0ee "r a!0 "& the
i++e%iate +e+bers "& his &a+il0C a!%
5. Other ca,ses a!al"-",s t" a!0 "& the &"re-"i!-.
ART. $<). &hen employment not deemed terminated. - The bona
fide s,spe!si"! "& the "perati"! "& a b,si!ess "r ,!%ertai!- &"r a
peri"% !"t e'cee%i!- si' ()* +"!ths/ "r the &,l&ill+e!t b0 the
e+pl"0ee "& a +ilitar0 "r ci3ic %,t0 shall !"t ter+i!ate e+pl"0+e!t.
I! all s,ch cases/ the e+pl"0er shall rei!state the e+pl"0ee t" his
&"r+er p"siti"! #ith",t l"ss "& se!i"rit0 ri-hts i& he i!%icates his
%esire t" res,+e his #"r !"t later tha! "!e (1* +"!th &r"+ the
res,+pti"! "& "perati"!s "& his e+pl"0er "r &r"+ his relie& &r"+ the
+ilitar0 "r ci3ic %,t0.

Title II
RETIREMENT :ROM TFE SERVICE

ART. $<7. Retirement. - A!0 e+pl"0ee +a0 be retire% ,p"! reachi!-
the retire+e!t a-e establishe% i! the c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t
"r "ther applicable e+pl"0+e!t c"!tract.
I! case "& retire+e!t/ the e+pl"0ee shall be e!title% t" recei3e s,ch
retire+e!t be!e&its as he +a0 ha3e ear!e% ,!%er e'isti!- la#s a!%
a!0 c"llecti3e bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t a!% "ther a-ree+e!tsB Pr"3i%e%/
h"#e3er/ That a! e+pl"0ee@s retire+e!t be!e&its ,!%er a!0 c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!- a!% "ther a-ree+e!ts shall !"t be less tha! th"se
pr"3i%e% therei!. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
I! the abse!ce "& a retire+e!t pla! "r a-ree+e!t pr"3i%i!- &"r
retire+e!t be!e&its "& e+pl"0ees i! the establish+e!t/ a! e+pl"0ee
,p"! reachi!- the a-e "& si't0 ()8* 0ears "r +"re/ b,t !"t be0"!%
si't0-&i3e ()6* 0ears #hich is hereb0 %eclare% the c"+p,ls"r0
retire+e!t a-e/ #h" has ser3e% at least &i3e (6* 0ears i! the sai%
establish+e!t/ +a0 retire a!% shall be e!title% t" retire+e!t pa0
e1,i3ale!t t" at least "!e-hal& (1>$* +"!th salar0 &"r e3er0 0ear "&
ser3ice/ a &racti"! "& at least si' ()* +"!ths bei!- c"!si%ere% as "!e
#h"le 0ear. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
D!less the parties pr"3i%e &"r br"a%er i!cl,si"!s/ the ter+ N"!e-hal&
(1>$* +"!th salar0@ shall +ea! &i&tee! (16* %a0s pl,s "!e-t#el&th
(1>1$* "& the [Link] +"!th pa0 a!% the cash e1,i3ale!t "& !"t +"re
tha! &i3e (6* %a0s "& ser3ice i!ce!ti3e lea3es.
Retail/ ser3ice a!% a-ric,lt,ral establish+e!ts "r "perati"!s
e+pl"0i!- !"t +"re tha! te! (18* e+pl"0ees "r #"rers are
e'e+pte% &r"+ the c"3era-e "& this pr"3isi"!.
Vi"lati"! "& this pr"3isi"! is hereb0 %eclare% ,!la#&,l a!% s,b4ect t"
the pe!al pr"3isi"!s ,!%er Article $<< "& this C"%e.
=OOA SEVEN

TRANSITORY
AND :INAL PROVISIONS

Title I
PENAL PROVISIONS AND
LIA=ILITIES

ART. $<<. Penalties. - E'cept as "ther#ise pr"3i%e% i! this C"%e/ "r
,!less the acts c"+plai!e% "& hi!-e "! a 1,esti"! "& i!terpretati"! "r
i+ple+e!tati"! "& a+bi-,",s pr"3isi"!s "& a! e'isti!- c"llecti3e
bar-ai!i!- a-ree+e!t/ a!0 3i"lati"! "& the pr"3isi"!s "& this C"%e
%eclare% t" be ,!la#&,l "r pe!al i! !at,re shall be p,!ishe% #ith a
&i!e "& !"t less tha! O!e Th",sa!% Pes"s (P1/888.88* !"r +"re tha!
Te! Th",sa!% Pes"s (P18/888.88* "r i+pris"!+e!t "& !"t less tha!
three +"!ths !"r +"re tha! three 0ears/ "r b"th s,ch &i!e a!%
i+pris"!+e!t at the %iscreti"! "& the c",rt.
I! a%%iti"! t" s,ch pe!alt0/ a!0 alie! &",!% -,ilt0 shall be s,++aril0
%ep"rte% ,p"! c"+pleti"! "& ser3ice "& se!te!ce. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
A!0 pr"3isi"! "& la# t" the c"!trar0 !"t#ithsta!%i!-/ a!0 cri+i!al
"&&e!se p,!ishe% i! this C"%e/ shall be ,!%er the c"!c,rre!t
4,ris%icti"! "& the M,!icipal "r Cit0 C",rts a!% the C",rts "& :irst
I!sta!ce. (As a+e!%e% b0 Secti"! ./ =atas Pa+ba!sa =ila!- 78*.
ART. $<9. &ho are liable !hen committed by other than natural
person. - I& the "&&e!se is c"++itte% b0 a c"rp"rati"!/ tr,st/ &ir+/
part!ership/ ass"ciati"! "r a!0 "ther e!tit0/ the pe!alt0 shall be
i+p"se% ,p"! the -,ilt0 "&&icer "r "&&icers "& s,ch c"rp"rati"!/ tr,st/
&ir+/ part!ership/ ass"ciati"! "r e!tit0.

Title II
PRESCRIPTION O: O::ENSES AND
CLAIMS

ART. $98. 'ffenses. - O&&e!ses pe!ali2e% ,!%er this C"%e a!% the
r,les a!% re-,lati"!s iss,e% p,rs,a!t theret" shall prescribe i! three
(.* 0ears.
All ,!&air lab"r practice arisi!- &r"+ ="" V shall be &ile% #ith the
appr"priate a-e!c0 #ithi! "!e (1* 0ear &r"+ accr,al "& s,ch ,!&air
lab"r practiceC "ther#ise/ the0 shall be &"re3er barre%.
ART. $91. +oney claims. - All +"!e0 clai+s arisi!- &r"+ e+pl"0er-
e+pl"0ee relati"!s accr,i!- %,ri!- the e&&ecti3it0 "& this C"%e shall
be &ile% #ithi! three (.* 0ears &r"+ the ti+e the ca,se "& acti"!
accr,e%C "ther#ise the0 shall be &"re3er barre%.
All +"!e0 clai+s accr,i!- pri"r t" the e&&ecti3it0 "& this C"%e shall be
&ile% #ith the appr"priate e!tities establishe% ,!%er this C"%e #ithi!
"!e (1* 0ear &r"+ the %ate "& e&&ecti3it0/ a!% shall be pr"cesse% "r
%eter+i!e% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!%
re-,lati"!s "& the C"%eC "ther#ise/ the0 shall be &"re3er barre%.
E"r+e!@s c"+pe!sati"! clai+s accr,i!- pri"r t" the e&&ecti3it0 "&
this C"%e a!% %,ri!- the peri"% &r"+ N"3e+ber 1/ 1975 ,p t"
Dece+ber .1/ 1975/ shall be &ile% #ith the appr"priate re-i"!al "&&ices
"& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r !"t later tha! March .1/ 1976C "ther#ise/
the0 shall &"re3er be barre%. The clai+s shall be pr"cesse% a!%
a%4,%icate% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the la# a!% r,les at the ti+e their
ca,ses "& acti"! accr,e%.
ART. $9$. #nstitution of money claims. - M"!e0 clai+s speci&ie% i!
the i++e%iatel0 prece%i!- Article shall be &ile% be&"re the
appr"priate e!tit0 i!%epe!%e!tl0 "& the cri+i!al acti"! that +a0 be
i!stit,te% i! the pr"per c",rts.
Pe!%i!- the &i!al %eter+i!ati"! "& the +erits "& +"!e0 clai+s &ile%
#ith the appr"priate e!tit0/ !" ci3il acti"! arisi!- &r"+ the sa+e
ca,se "& acti"! shall be &ile% #ith a!0 c",rt. This pr"3isi"! shall !"t
appl0 t" e+pl"0ees c"+pe!sati"! case #hich shall be pr"cesse% a!%
%eter+i!e% strictl0 i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the perti!e!t pr"3isi"!s "&
this C"%e.

Title III
TRANSITORY AND :INAL
PROVISIONS
ART. $9.. Application of la! enacted prior to this Code. - All acti"!s
"r clai+s accr,i!- pri"r t" the e&&ecti3it0 "& this C"%e shall be
%eter+i!e% i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the la#s i! &"rce at the ti+e "& their
accr,al.
ART. $95. $ecretary of Labor to initiate integration of maternity
leave benefits. - Eithi! si' ()* +"!ths a&ter this C"%e taes e&&ect/ the
Secretar0 "& Lab"r shall i!itiate s,ch +eas,res as +a0 be !ecessar0
&"r the i!te-rati"! "& +ater!it0 lea3e be!e&its i!t" the S"cial Sec,rit0
S0ste+/ i! the case "& pri3ate e+pl"0+e!t/ a!% the G"3er!+e!t
Ser3ice I!s,ra!ce S0ste+/ i! the case "& p,blic e+pl"0+e!t.
ART. $96. :,!%i!- "& the O3erseas E+pl"0+e!t De3el"p+e!t ="ar%
a!% the Nati"!al Sea+e!@s ="ar% re&erre% t" i! Articles 17 a!% $8/
respecti3el0/ "& this C"%e shall i!itiall0 be &,!%e% ",t "& the
,!pr"-ra++e% &,!% "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r a!% the Nati"!al
Ma!p"#er a!% Y",th C",!cil.
ART. $9). Termination of the !or"men7s compensation program. -
The =,rea, "& E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"!/ E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"!
C"++issi"!/ a!% E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"! D!its i! the re-i"!al
"&&ices "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r shall c"!ti!,e t" e'ercise the
&,!cti"!s a!% the respecti3e 4,ris%icti"!s "3er #"r+e!@s
c"+pe!sati"! cases 3este% ,p"! the+ b0 Act N". .5$</ as a+e!%e%/
"ther#ise !"#! as the E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"! Act ,!til March
.1/ 197). Lie#ise/ the ter+ "& "&&ice "& i!c,+be!t +e+bers "& the
E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"! C"++issi"!/ i!cl,%i!- its Chair+a! a!%
a!0 c"++issi"!er %ee+e% retire% as "& Dece+ber .1/ 1976/ as #ell as
the prese!t e+pl"0ees a!% "&&icials "& the =,rea, "& E"r+e!@s
C"+pe!sati"!/ E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"! C"++issi"! a!% the
E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"! D!its shall c"!ti!,e ,p t" that %ate.
Therea&ter/ sai% "&&ices shall be c"!si%ere% ab"lishe% a!% all "&&icials
a!% pers"!!el there"& shall be tra!s&erre% t" a!% +a!%at"ril0
abs"rbe% b0 the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r/ s,b4ect t" Presi%e!tial Decree
N". )/ Letters "& I!str,cti"!s N"s. 15 a!% 15-A a!% the Ci3il Ser3ice
La# a!% r,les. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
S,ch a+",!t as +a0 be !ecessar0 t" c"3er the "perati"!al e'pe!ses
"& the =,rea, "& E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"! a!% the E"r+e!@s
C"+pe!sati"! D!its/ i!cl,%i!- the salaries "& i!c,+be!t pers"!!el
&"r the peri"% ,p t" March .1/ 197) shall be appr"priate% &r"+ the
,!pr"-ra++e% &,!%s "& the Depart+e!t "& Lab"r.
ART. $97. Continuation of insurance policies and indemnity bonds. -
All #"r+e!@s c"+pe!sati"! i!s,ra!ce p"licies a!% i!%e+!it0 b"!%s
&"r sel&-i!s,re% e+pl"0ers e'isti!- ,p"! the e&&ecti3it0 "& this C"%e
shall re+ai! i! &"rce a!% e&&ect ,!til the e'pirati"! %ates "& s,ch
p"licies "r the lapse "& the peri"% "& s,ch b"!%s/ as the case +a0 be/
b,t i! !" case be0"!% Dece+ber .1/ 1975. Clai+s +a0 be &ile% a-ai!st
the i!s,ra!ce carriers a!%>"r sel&-i!s,re% e+pl"0ers &"r ca,ses "&
acti"! #hich accr,e% %,ri!- the e'iste!ce "& sai% p"licies "r a,th"rit0
t" sel&-i!s,re.
ART. $9<. Abolition of the Court of #ndustrial Relations and the
National Labor Relations Commission. - The C",rt "& I!%,strial
Relati"!s a!% the Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s C"++issi"! establishe%
,!%er Presi%e!tial Decree N". $1 are hereb0 ab"lishe%. All
,!e'pe!%e% &,!%s/ pr"perties/ e1,ip+e!t a!% rec"r%s "& the C",rt "&
I!%,strial Relati"!s/ a!% s,ch "& its pers"!!el as +a0 be !ecessar0/
are hereb0 tra!s&erre% t" the C"++issi"! a!% t" its re-i"!al
bra!ches. All ,!e'pe!%e% &,!%s/ pr"perties a!% e1,ip+e!t "& the
Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s C"++issi"! establishe% ,!%er Presi%e!tial
Decree N". $1 are tra!s&erre% t" the =,rea, "& Lab"r Relati"!s.
Pers"!!el !"t abs"rbe% b0 "r tra!s&erre% t" the C"++issi"! shall
e!4"0 be!e&its -ra!te% ,!%er e'isti!- la#s.
ART. $99. Disposition of pending cases. - All cases pe!%i!- be&"re
the C",rt "& I!%,strial Relati"!s a!% the Nati"!al Lab"r Relati"!s
C"++issi"! establishe% ,!%er Presi%e!tial Decree N". $1 "! the %ate
"& e&&ecti3it0 "& this C"%e shall be tra!s&erre% t" a!% pr"cesse% b0 the
c"rresp"!%i!- lab"r relati"!s %i3isi"!s "r the Nati"!al Lab"r
Relati"!s C"++issi"! create% ,!%er this C"%e ha3i!- c"-!i2a!ce "&
the sa+e i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the pr"ce%,re lai% %"#! herei! a!% its
i+ple+e!ti!- r,les a!% re-,lati"!s. Cases "! lab"r relati"!s "!
appeal #ith the Secretar0 "& Lab"r "r the O&&ice "& the Presi%e!t "&
the Philippi!es as "& the %ate "& e&&ecti3it0 "& this C"%e shall re+ai!
,!%er their respecti3e 4,ris%icti"!s a!% shall be %eci%e% i!
acc"r%a!ce #ith the r,les a!% re-,lati"!s i! &"rce at the ti+e "&
appeal.
All #"r+e!@s c"+pe!sati"! cases pe!%i!- be&"re the E"r+e!@s
C"+pe!sati"! D!its i! the re-i"!al "&&ices "& the Depart+e!t "&
Lab"r a!% th"se pe!%i!- be&"re the E"r+e!@s C"+pe!sati"!
C"++issi"! as "& March .1/ 1976/ shall be pr"cesse% a!% a%4,%icate%
i! acc"r%a!ce #ith the la#/ r,les a!% pr"ce%,re e'isti!- pri"r t" the
e&&ecti3it0 "& the E+pl"0ees C"+pe!sati"! a!% State I!s,ra!ce :,!%.
cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
ART. .88. Personnel !hose services are terminated. - Pers"!!el "&
a-e!cies "r a!0 "& their s,b"r%i!ate ,!its #h"se ser3ices are
ter+i!ate% as a res,lt "& the i+ple+e!tati"! "& this C"%e shall e!4"0
the ri-hts a!% pr"tecti"! pr"3i%e% i! Secti"!s 6 a!% ) "& Rep,blic Act
!,+bere% &i&t0-&",r h,!%re% a!% thirt0 &i3e a!% s,ch "ther perti!e!t
la#s/ r,les a!% re-,lati"!s. I! a!0 case/ !" la0-"&& shall be e&&ecte%
,!til &,!%s t" c"3er the -rat,it0 a!%>"r retire+e!t be!e&its "& th"se
lai% "&& are %,l0 certi&ie% as a3ailable.
ART. .81. $eparability provisions. - I& a!0 pr"3isi"! "r part "& this
C"%e/ "r the applicati"! there"& t" a!0 pers"! "r circ,+sta!ce/ is
hel% i!3ali%/ the re+ai!%er "& this c"%e/ "r the applicati"! "& s,ch
pr"3isi"! "r part t" "ther pers"!s "r circ,+sta!ces/ shall !"t be
a&&ecte% thereb0.
ART. .8$. Repealing clause. - All lab"r la#s !"t a%"pte% as part "&
this C"%e either %irectl0 "r b0 re&ere!ce are hereb0 repeale%. All
pr"3isi"!s "& e'isti!- la#s/ "r%ers/ %ecrees/ r,les a!% re-,lati"!s
i!c"!siste!t here#ith are lie#ise repeale%. cha!r"bles3irt,alla#librar0
D"!e i! the Cit0 "& Ma!ila/ this 1st %a0 "& Ma0 i! the 0ear "& ",r L"r%/
!i!etee! h,!%re% a!% se3e!t0 &",r.