PROVISIONAL REMEDIES

Preliminary Attachment Preliminary

Injunction/Preliminary
Mandatory Injunction
Receivership Replevin Support Pendente Lite
Purpose To have property of adverse
party attached as security for
the satisfaction of jud!ent
that !ay "e recovered in cases
fa##in under Sec $% Ru#e &'(
To re)uire a party or a court% aency
or a person to refrain fro! doin a
particu#ar act or acts or to re)uire the
perfor!ance of a particu#ar act or
acts(
To p#ace the property su"ject of an
action or proceedin under the contro#
of a third party for its preservation and
ad!inistration #itis pendentia
To recover possession of
persona# property
To co!pe# adverse party to
provide support *hi#e action
is pendin in court
+hen
app#ied,ranted
At the co!!ence!ent of the
action or at any ti!e prior to
the entry of jud!ent
At any stae prior to the jud!ent
or fina# order
At any ti!e prior to satisfaction of
jud!ent
At the co!!ence!ent of the
action "ut "efore ans*er is
fi#ed
At the co!!ence!ent of
the action or at any ti!e
prior to the jud!ent or
fina# order
-o* app#ied for
.i#e affidavits and app#icant/s
"ond
.i#e verified app#ication and
app#icant/s "ond0 if app#ication is
inc#uded in the initiatory p#eadin%
the adverse party shou#d "e served
*ith su!!ons toether *ith a copy
of the initiatory p#eadin and the
app#icant/s "ond
.i#e verified app#ication and app#icant/s
"ond0 app#ication !ay a#so "e inc#uded
in initiatory p#eadin in actions for
forec#osure of !ortae
.i#e affidavits and app#icant/s
"ond
.i#e verified app#ication0
"ond not re)uired
+ho !ay rant
1ourt *here action is pendin%
the 1A or the S1 even if action
is pendin in the #o*er court(
On#y the 1ourt *here the action is
pendin0 Lo*er 1ourt% 1a or S1
provided action is pendin in the
sa!e court *hich issues the
injunction(
1ourt *here action is pendin% the 1A
or the S1 even if action is pendin in
the #o*er court( Appe##ate court !ay
a##o* app#ication for receivership "e
decided "y the court of oriin(
On#y in the court *here action
is pendin
1ourt of oriin and
appe##ate court( 2See Ra!os
v( 1A3
Re)uisites for
rantin
app#ication
Sufficient cause of action
1ase is covered "y
section $ Ru#e &'
No other sufficient
security for the c#ai!
e4ists
A!ount due to app#icant
or va#ue of property he is
entit#ed to recover is
e)ua# to the su! for
*hich the order of
attach!ent is ranted
App#icant is entit#ed to the
re#ief de!anded
Act,s co!p#ained of *ou#d
*or5 injustice to the app#icant
if not enjoined
Acts souht to "e enjoined
pro"a"#y vio#ates app#icants
rihts respectin the su"ject of
the action or proceedin
App#icant has interest in the
property or fund su"ject !atter of
the action or proceedin
Property or fund is in daner of
"ein #ost re!oved or !ateria##y
injured
Appoint!ent of receiver is the
!ost convenient and feasi"#e
!eans of preservin% ad!inisterin
or disposin of the property in
#itiation
App#icant is the o*ner
of the property c#ai!ed
or is entit#ed to the
possession of the sa!e
Property is *ronfu##y
detained "y the adverse
party
Property is not distrained
or ta5en for a ta4
assess!ent or a fine
pursuant to #a*
Affidavits% depositions
or other docu!ents
shou#d sho*% at #east
provisiona##y% that the
app#icant is entit#ed to
receive support
$
Preliminary Attachment Preliminary
Injunction/Preliminary
Mandatory Injunction
Receivership Replevin Support Pendente Lite
+here property is
c#ai!ed "y third
person
+hen third6party c#ai!ant
!a5es an affidavit of his tit#e
to the property or his riht to
the possession thereof% and
serves such affidavit to the
sheriff and a copy thereof to
the attachin party% the sheriff
sha## not "e "ound to 5eep the
property un#ess the attachin
party fi#es a "ond approved "y
the court to inde!nify the
third6party c#ai!ant in a su!
not #ess than the va#ue of the
property #evied upon( 1#ai!
for da!aes for the ta5in or
5eepin the property !ust "e
fi#ed *ithin $78 days fro!
fi#in of the "ond(
+hen third6party c#ai!ant
!a5es an affidavit of his tit#e
to the property or his riht to
the possession thereof% and
serves such affidavit to the
sheriff and a copy thereof to
the attachin party% the sheriff
sha## not "e "ound to 5eep the
property under rep#evin un#ess
the app#icant fi#es a "ond
approved "y the court to
inde!nify the third6party
c#ai!ant in a su! not #ess
than dou"#e the va#ue of the
property #evied upon( 1#ai!
for da!aes for the ta5in or
5eepin the property !ust "e
fi#ed *ithin $78 days fro!
fi#in of the "ond(
9ond re)uire!ent 9ond e4ecuted to the adverse party in the a!ount fi4ed "y the court to cover the costs *hich !ay "e adjuded to
the adverse party and a## da!aes *hich he !ay sustain "y reason of the rantin of provisiona# re!edy prayed for%
if the court sha## fina##y adjude that the app#icant *as not entit#ed thereto
9ond e4ecuted to the adverse
party in double the value of
the property for the return of
the property to the adverse
party if such return "e
adjuded% and for the pay!ent
to the adverse party of such
su! as he !ay recover fro!
the app#icant of the action
No "ond re)uired
Dischare of
re!edy
By counter-bond: Party aainst *ho! the provisiona# re!edy is avai#ed of% !ay !ove for the dischare of the provisiona# re!edy ranted "y fi#in
a counter6"ond in an a!ount e)ua# to that fi4ed "y the court or e)ua# to the va#ue of the property if *ith respect to a particu#ar property to secure the
pay!ent of any jud!ent that the adverse party !ay recover in the action
Not app#ica"#e(
1ash deposit !ay "e !ade in
#ieu of the counter6"ond
.i#in of counter6"ond !ade on#y
upon sho*in that the issuance or
continuance thereof *ou#d cause
irrepara"#e da!ae to the party or
person enjoined *hi#e the app#icant
can "e fu##y co!pensated for such
da!aes as he !ay suffer 0 counter6
"ond a#one *i## not suffice to
dischare the injunction(
A!ount of counter6"ond
shou#d a#so "e double the
value of the property
ther !rounds: i!proper or
irreu#ar issuance or
enforce!ent or insufficiency
of the "ond
Insufficiency of the app#ication Appoint!ent *as o"tained *ithout
sufficient cause
7
Preliminary Attachment Preliminary
Injunction/Preliminary
Mandatory Injunction
Receivership Replevin Support Pendente Lite
Da!aes in case
app#icant for any
of the provisiona#
re!edies not
entit#ed thereto or
for any
irreu#arity in the
procure!ent of
provisiona#
re!edy
O*ner of property attached !ust fi#e "efore tria# or "efore perfection of appea# app#ication for da!aes
Party *ho avai#ed of provisiona# re!edy and his surety or sureties !ust "e notified % sho*in riht to da!aes and a!ount thereof
Da!aes a*arded on#y after proper hearin0 inc#uded in jud!ent of the !ain case
If jud!ent of appe##ate court is favora"#e to the party aainst *ho! provisiona# re!edy *as effected:
App#ication !ust "e fi#ed *ith the appe##ate court "efore the jud!ent of the appe##ate court "eco!es e4ecutory
Appe##ate court !ay a##o* app#ication to "e heard and decided "y the tria# court
If "ond or deposit iven "y the party avai#in of the provisiona# re!edy "e insufficient or fai# to satisfy the a*ard:
Adverse party !ay recover da!aes in the sa!e action
+hen jud!ent or fina#
order finds the person *ho
has "een providin support
pendente #ite not #ia"#e
therefor:
1ourt sha## order the
recipient to return the
a!ounts a#ready
received *ith interest
fro! the dates of
actua# pay!ent
Recipient !ay o"tain
rei!"urse!ent fro!
the person #ea##y
o"#ied to ive support
2separate action !ust
"e fi#ed for the
purpose3
If recipient fai#s to
rei!"urse the a!ount%
person *ho provided
the sa!e !ay see5
rei!"urse!ent fro!
the person #ea##y
o"#ied to ive the
support 2separate
action !ust "e fi#ed for
the purpose3
;
Specia# 1ivi# Actions
Interpleader "eclaratory Relie# $ertiorari
%$M&L&$ and
$A'
$ertiorari Prohibition
Mandamus
(uo )arranto &*propriation +oreclosure o# Real
&state Mort!a!e
Partition +orcible
&ntry
"etainer $ontempt
Purpose 1o!pe# conf#ictin
c#ai!ants to #itiate
their c#ai!s a!on
the!se#ves
Dec#aration of rihts and
duties 2refor!ation of
instru!ent% )uietin of
tit#e% conso#idation of
o*nership3
1orrectin errors of jurisdiction Re!ove a usurper
Ta5in of private property
for pu"#ic use
Satisfy creditor "ased
upon security
Division of
rea# property
a!on the
parties
c#ai!in
rihts thereto
Recover possession in fact
Protect
judicia#
syste! fro!
un*arranted
intrusion
<
Re)uisites 1onf#ictin c#ai!s
e4ist upon the sa!e
su"ject !atter
Such c#ai!s are
!ade upon a person
*ho c#ai!s no
interest in the su"ject
!atter
Person has interest under
a deed% *i##% contract or
other *ritten instru!ent
Person/s rihts are
affected "y a statute%
e4ecutive order or
reu#ation% ordinance% or
any other overn!enta#
reu#ation
No "reach or vio#ation of
the rihts has yet
occurred
=ud!ent or fina# order
has "een rendered "y
the 1OMELE1 or the
1OA
Arieved party *ants
the jud!ent or fina#
order revie*ed "y a
hiher court
$ertiorari:
Any tri"una#% "oard or
officer e4ercisin judicia#
or )uasi judicia# functions
has rendered jud!ent
Such tri"una#% etc( has
acted *ithout or in e4cess
of its jurisdiction
Prohibition:
Proceedins in a tri"una#%
corporation% "oard%
officer or person
e4ercisin judicia#% )uasi
judicia# or !inisteria#
functions are conducted
*ithout or in e4cess of its
jurisdiction
Mandamus:
+hen any tri"una#%
corporation% "oard%
officer or person
un#a*fu##y ne#ects
perfor!ance of an act
*hich the #a*
specifica##y enjoins
1o!!on re)uisite:
There is no appea# or any
p#ain% speedy% and
ade)uate re!edy in the
ordinary course of #a*
A person usurps%
intrudes into% or
un#a*fu##y ho#ds or
e4ercises office%
position% or franchise
A pu"#ic officer does
or suffers an act
*hich% "y the
provision of #a*%
constitutes a round
for the forfeiture of
his office0
An association acts
as a corporation
*ithin the
Phi#ippines *ithout
"ein #ea##y
incorporated or
*ithout #a*fu#
authority so to act
Property o*ned "y a
private party
Ta5in "y overn!ent for
pu"#ic use
=ust co!pensation
A person o*es
another a #oan
Loan is secured "y
!ortae of rea#
property
De"tor defau#ted in
pay!ent
.ina# de!and has
"een !ade
Rea#
property is
o*ned "y
severa#
persons
Person
c#ai!in
riht to the
property
does not
*ant co6
o*nership to
continue
A person
enjoys #a*fu#
possession of
the property
Another
person
ac)uires
possession of
the sa!e
property "y
force%
inti!idation%
threat% stratey
or stea#th
A person
#a*fu##y
ta5es
possession
of the #and at
the
"einnin
Such #a*fu#
possession
has ended
A de!and to
vacate has
"een !ade
Direct
conte!pt:
A person
"ehaved
i!proper#y
in the
presence or
so near a
court
Such
!is"ehavior
o"structed or
interrupted
court
proceedins
Indirect
conte!pt:
Mis"ehavior
in
perfor!ance
of officia#
functions
Diso"e6
dience to
#a*fu# court
orders
A"use or
un#a*fu#
interference
*ith court
processes
I!proper
conduct
*hich tends
to i!pede
ad!inistratio
n of justice
Pretendin to
"e a #a*yer
or officer
.ai#ure to
o"ey
su"poena
&
Procedure $( 1o!p#aint is fi#ed
7( Su!!ons served
upon parties
;( Parties fi#es
!otion to dis!iss or
ans*ers the
co!p#aint
<( Pre6tria#
&( 1ourt deter!ines
parties/ respective
rihts and adjudicate
their severa# c#ai!s
Note: Doc5et fees
paid "y co!p#ainant
constitute a #ien upon
su"ject !atter of the
action
$( Action is "rouht
"efore appropriate RT1
7( A## persons affected
!ade parties
;( Notice to So# >en if
va#idity of a statue%
e4ecutive order or
reu#ation of any other
overn!enta# reu#ation
is invo#ved
<( Notice to prosecutor or
attorney of L>? if
invo#vin va#idity of a
#oca# ordinance
&( 1ourt acts on
app#ication
@( If durin pendency of
action there occurs "reach
or vio#ation% action is
converted into an
ordinary action
$( $A copies of verified
petition sha## "e fi#ed
*ithin ;8 days fro!
notice of the jud!ent
or fina# order
7( If !otion for ne*
tria# or recon6sideration
is a##o*ed% period to
fi#e petition is
interrupted( If !otion is
denied% petition sha## "e
fi#ed *ithin re!ainin
period% in no case #ess
than & days(
;( Pay doc5et and other
#a*fu# fees and deposit
of P&88 for costs
<( S1 either orders
respon6dents to fi#e
their co!!ent if it
finds petition sufficient
in for! and su"stance
or dis!isses the
petition if it *as fi#ed
!anifest#y for de#ay or
the )uestions raised are
too unsu"stantia#
&( Respondents fi#e
co!!ent
@( S1 either sets case
for ora# aru!ent or
re)uires su"!ission of
!e!oranda or decides
the case "ased on
su"!it6ted docu!ents
$( Petition !ust "e fi#ed
*ithin @8 days fro!
notice of jud!ent
7( 1ourt orders
respondents to fi#e
co!!ent *ithin $8 days
fro! receipt of order
;( 1ourt !ay order fi#in
of rep#y or other
responsive p#eadins
<( 1ourt !ay hear the
case or re)uire parties to
su"!it !e!oranda
&( 1ourt either rants
petition or dis!isses the
sa!e if it finds the sa!e
to "e patent#y *ithout
!erit% prosecuted
!anifest#y for de#ay% or
that the )uestions raised
are too insu"stantia# to
re)uire consideration
@( 1ertified copy of
jud!ent is served upon
the court% )uasi6judicia#
aency% tri"una#%
corporation% "oard%
officer or person and
diso"edience thereto sha##
"e punished as conte!pt(
$( Verified petition in
the na!e of the RP is
fi#ed 2Person
c#ai!in to "e
entit#ed to a pu"#ic
office or position
usurped "y another
!ay "rin action in
his o*n na!e3
7( Person at *hose
instance the petition
is "rouht pays costs
and e4penses
;( Respondent is
notified
<( 1ourt !ay reduce
periods for fi#in
p#eadins to secure
!ost e4peditious
deter!ination of
!atters invo#ved in
the action
&( =ud!ent is
rendered( 1ourt !ay
render jud!ent for
costs aainst
petitioner% re#ator or
person,s c#ai!in to
"e a corporation
@( Person adjuded
entit#ed to pu"#ic
office !ay de!and
of the respondent to
de#iver a## "oo5s and
papers to hi!
$( Verified co!p#aint fi#ed%
statin riht and purpose of
e4propriation
7( Persons o*nin or
c#ai!in to o*n any
interest pertainin to the
property !ust "e joined as
defendants
;( P#aintiff !ay enter
property after fi#in
co!p#aint and depositin
*ith a overn!ent
depositary a!ount
e)uiva#ent to assessed
va#ue of property
<( Defendants a##o*ed to
fi#e o"jections
&( 1ourt ru#es on the issue
of e4propriation% rantin
or denyin the sa!e
@( If e4propriation is
ranted% court appoints not
!ore than ; co!!issioners
'( O"jections to
appoint!ent of
co!!issioners !ay "e
fi#ed *ithin ten days fro!
service
A( 1o!!issioners ta5e oath
"efore assu!in function
B( 1o!!issioners ascertain
and report the just
co!pensation for the
property
$8( 1#er5 of court serves
copies of co!!issioners/
report to a## interested
parties
$$( Interested parties
a##o*ed to fi#e o"jections
*ithin ten days
$7( 1ourt renders jud!ent
on the issue of just
co!pensation
$;( =ud!ent is recorded in
reistry of property
$( 1o!p#aint fi#ed
7( 1ourt ascertaines
a!ount due to
p#aintiff and renders
jud!ent orderin
defendant to pay
*ithin a *ithin a
period not #ess than
B8 days "ut not !ore
than $78 days
;( If defendant fai#s
to pay% forec#osure
sa#e ensues
<( 1osts deducted
fro! proceeds of
sa#e% !ortaee paid
a!ount due0 if there
is e4cess in the
proceeds% sa!e is
turned over to
!ortaor
&( If proceeds of sa#e
is not sufficient to
cover entire
inde"tedness%
deficiency jud!ent
is rendered:
e4ecution
i!!ediate#y issues if
*ho#e de"t is due%
other*ise% !ortaor
entit#ed to e4ecution
upon oriina# ter!s
of the contract
@( 1ertified copy of
fina# order
confir!in the sa#e is
reistered in the
reistry of deeds
=urisdiction RT1 RT1 S1 S1% 1A% RT1%
Sandian"ayan
S1% 1A% RT1
@