A new conception about dento-maxillary anomalies etiopathogenesis

Ilua Ion
University lecturer, M.D. subject- pediatric stomatology, department of stomatology. State
Medicine and Pharmacy University icolae !estemi"eanu# the $epublic of
Moldova,%hisinau,&'()* +lbisoara str., !el.,)-*--./.
Summary
!he author e0poses a ne1 conception about the etiopathogenesis of dento-ma0illary
anomalies. 2e sho1s that the leading factor in the development of dento-ma0illary anomalies is
the disproportional gro1th and development of dento-ma0illary system caused by accelerations
of physical gro1th. Disproportion in gro1th and development involves morph functional
disturbances the latter being the factor that favors the 1orsening in the dento3ma0illary system
unbalance.
!he system analysis of factors and phenomena at the level of population, organism,
separate organs as 1ell as morphogenesis allo1s to e0plain the high fre4uency and increase of
dento-ma0illary anomalies caused by accelerations in physical development.
5ey 1ords6 anomaly, acceleration, etiopathogeny, disproportion.
Studies made on the spreading of dento-ma0illary anomalies demonstrate that their
fre4uency is high and in permanent increase.!he reason of this phenomenon 1as e0posed some
years ago by 7.8cu9co:(; and <.<lu"a:=;.
+t present, orthodontic science motivates the appearance of dento-ma0illary anomalies through a
great number of factors, both of local and general origin. +t the same time, certain factors
according to the studies, may influence the appearance of diverse anomalies .!he stress of dento-
ma0illary anomalies etiopathogenesis is based on the multifactorial phenomenon 1hich
challenges contradictory debates and namely 1hat are the decisive and encouraging factors,
1hich influence the dento-ma0illary anomalies.
!he variability of multiple factors phenomena 1hich causes dento-ma0illary anomalies , as 1ell
as the increase of the fre4uency of anomalies may find e0planation using the method analysis
in system#, proposed by 7.8cu9co:.; ,concerning the accuses of dental decay. +nalysis in
system permits to highlight various phenomena and factors referring separately to different levels
of the system and namely6 at the level of population, organism, organ, and also, morphogenesis.
So at the level of population the decisive factor of dento-ma0illary anomalies is the
disproportion of development and gro1th of dento-ma0illary apparatus, caused by accelerated
somatic development and accelerated dental eruption, as one of components of this phenomenon.
S>eleton disproportion influences the disharmonious development and gro1th of the ma0illo-
facial s>eleton. <n its turn, the changes of development and increase of rhythm of position, of
direction of the facial s>eleton ta>es action on the normality or function of neuro-muscular
system ,the last causing and aggravating the disturbance of development and dento-ma0illary
gro1th.
+t the level of organism the accelerated eruption of teeth causes the disproportion bet1een the
dental system and the ma0illo-facial s>eleton, caused by the deficiency of synchroni?ation
bet1een those t1o6 dentitions and that of the s>eleton@ those t1o systems- bony and dental,
being completely independent. !he changes of rate and succession of dental eruption increases
this disproportion. +lso, the persistence of decisive local factors as6 dysfunctions of the dento-
ma0illary system.
+t the level of organ the dento-ma0illary disharmony is influenced by the persistence of
disproportion bet1een the me?io-distal dimensions of permanent teeth and the perimeter of the
alveolus arch1ays .+t the same time, the asynchronism bet1een the bony biological age and
dental eruption causes the retardation of development and gro1th of the dental arch1ays, caused
by the individuality and independence of gro1th of those t1o systems, alveolus and dental
process .!he dental epidemic decay, caused by the acceleration of dental eruption leads to
precocious loss of teeth, fact that 1orsens the disproportion through the migration of teeth.
Avidently, this disproportion stimulates the morpho-functional unbalance.
+t the level of morphogenesis 3 the accelerated biorhythm of development and s>eleton
gro1th, inclusively that of ma0ilo-facial s>eleton, programmed by the phenotype, needs an
energetic and plastic ade4uate assurance for the permanent remodelation of the bone,
phenomenon present during the 1hole life. !hese mechanisms of synthesis, transportation and
assimilation according to the accelerated biological# command may be forced 1hich can
manifest through their unbalance and may lead to gro1th disturbance of the matri0 and mineral
provisioning of the bone, necessary process the permanent remodelation of the s>eleton. !he
osseous tissue becomes so immature and may be subjected to serious disturbance of
development.
So, the decisive factor in the appearance of the dento-ma0illary anomalies is the disproportion
of development and gro1th of the dento-ma0illary system ,caused by the accelerated somatic
development and the accelerated dental eruption .!hrough these phenomena is e0plained the
high fre4uency and in strong parentage in the conditions of contemporary 1orld. A0ceptions are
the dento-ma0illary anomalies of general genesis, caused by concrete factors6 hereditary,
endocrine, dismetabolic.
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