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Three-Moment Equation in Structural Analysis

The document provides equations (1) and (2) for applying the three-moment equation to calculate reactions at supports for continuous beams. It also provides formulas and examples for calculating stresses, densities of common materials, weights, dead loads, and live loads. Key information includes units for stress (force/area), densities in kg/m3 and kN/m3, and examples for calculating weight and loads.

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Dick Anthony Mabao
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22 views4 pages

Three-Moment Equation in Structural Analysis

The document provides equations (1) and (2) for applying the three-moment equation to calculate reactions at supports for continuous beams. It also provides formulas and examples for calculating stresses, densities of common materials, weights, dead loads, and live loads. Key information includes units for stress (force/area), densities in kg/m3 and kN/m3, and examples for calculating weight and loads.

Uploaded by

Dick Anthony Mabao
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Solution 827

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Apply three-moment equation to first and middle spans

Where,






Thus,

equation (1)

Apply three-moment equation to middle and last spans

Where,







Thus,

equation (2)

Solving equations (1) and (2) simultaneously
answer
answer


1 Pa = 1 N/m
2

1 kPa = 1 kN/m
2

1 MPa = 1 MN/m
2

= 1 N/mm
2


The meaning of kP and MPa is very important because you'll need to understand the
concept of stress and strenght. Look for prefixes like k and M in the table above.

Formulae
However, the most common formulae are listed below:
Force = mass acceleration (F = m a)
Weight = mass gravitational acceleration
(W = m g)
Stresses (tension and compression) = force / area ( = F / A)
Density for major structural material
Material
Mass density
(kg/m
3
)
Weight density
(kN/m
3
)
Concrete
(reinforced)
2500 kg/m
3
25 kN/m
3

Concrete
(unreinforced)
2300 kg/m
3
23 kN/m
3

Brickwork 1900 kg/m
3
19 kN/m
3

Timber
(Softwood)
600 to 800 kg/m
3
6 to 8 kN/m
3

Timber
(Hardwood)
800 to 1100 kg/m
3
8 to 11 kN/m
3

Steel 7850 kg/m
3
78.5 kN/m
3

By closely looking at the units we can easily work out the correct answer of a
propblem by substituting the units into the formula.
Consider the following example to work out the weight of a structural component or
member:
To calculate the weight of a component or member we use the formula:
Weight (W) = Density Volume
Remember unit for density is kg/m
3
and the unit for volume is m
3
but the unit for weight is measured in newton.
We need to convert the mass into a weight figure.
Weight = mass gravitational acceleration
W = m g
(g = 9.81 m/s
2
but we use 10 m/s
2
)
Having converted the mass unit into a weight figure we can now calculate the weight
of any structural component or member in newtons by using:
W = kN/m
3
m
3

Example 1:
Calculate the dead load (DL) for a concrete slab, size 4.0 m 3.5 m of 172 mm
thickness . Density of concrete is 2500 kg/m
3

Solution:
First convert mass density in weight density. 2,500 kg/m
3
= 25,000 N/m
3
= 25 kN/m
3

Now we can calculate the weight of the slab:
W = 4.0 3.5 0.172 25
= 60 kN
Example 2:
Calculate the live load (LL) for a room of a residential building, size 5.5 m 3.8 m.
The LL according to AS 1170 Part 1 (Dead and live load) is 1.5 kPa).
Remember 1 kPa = 1 kN/m
2

Solution:
Using the formula LL = m (length) m (width) kN/m
2

LL = 5.5 3.8 1.5
= 31.35 kN

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