Drug Data Classification Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindications Adverse Reaction Nursing Responsibilities
Generic Name Pharmacologic Cytotoxic: Inhibits synthesis of General Concentrations Dermatologic: Before
Dactinomycin Class messenger RNA, causing cell Indications - Allergy to dactinomycin Alopecia, skin eruptions, - Observe 15 rights in drug
Actinomycin death; cell cycle nonspecicfic. - Wilm's tumor, - Chickenpox acne, erythema, administration.
Trade Name antibiotic rhabdomyosarcoma, - Herpes zoster (severe increased pigmentation - Assess for allergy to dactinomycin.
Cosmegen Pharmacokinetics Ewing's sarcoma, in generalized disease and of previously irritated - Assess for other contraindications.
Therapeutic Class D: Crosses placenta; may enter combination therapy death could result) skin - Reconstitute by adding 1.1 mL of
Dosages Antibiotic breast milk - Testicular cancer - Pregnancy sterile water for injection to vial, creating
15 mcg/kg/day Antineoplastic M: Hepatic (metastatic - Lactation GI: Cheilitis, dysphagia, a 500 mcg/mL concentration solution.
or 400-600 E: Feces, urine nonseminomatous) esophagiitis, ulcerative - Use strict handling procedures. Drug is
mcg/m2 per day Pregnancy Risk in combination Precaution stomatitis, pharyngitis, extremely toxic to skin and eyes.
for 5 days Factor Drug Half Life - Gestational - Bone marrow suppression anorexia, abdominal
D 36 hours trophoblastic - Radiation therapy pain, diarrhea, GI During
Contents neoplasia, as - Reduced renal and hepatic ulceration, nausea, - Administer drug IV only.
Dactinomycin monotherapy or in function vomiting, hepatotoxicity - Do not give IM or subcutaneously;
combination severe local reaction may occur.
Availability - Palliative treatment Drug interaction - Monitor injection site for extravasation,
and color or adjunct to tumor Drug to lab test GU: Renal burning or stinging.
Powder for resection via - Inaccurate bioassay abnormalities - For IV injection, inject over 2-3
injection: 500 isolation-perfusion procedure results for minutes.
mcg technique for solid determination of antibacterial Hematologic: Anemia, - For IV infusion, infuse slowly over 20-
malignancies drug levels aplastic anemia, 30 minutes.
Routes of agranulocytosis, - Protect drug from light.
administration thrombocytopenia,
Intravenous leukopenia, After
pancytopenia, - Dispose of used materials properly.
reticulopenia, - Educate patient about side effects.
- Inform that adverse effects of drug may
Local: Tissue necrosis not occur immediately.
at sites of extravasation - Instruct to report severe GI upset,
diarrhea, vomiting, fever, burning or pain
Other: Malaise, fever, at injection site, unusual bleeding or
fatigue, lethargy, bruising, severe mouth sores, sore
myalgia, hypocalcemia, throat, GI lesions.
death, increased - Instruct patient to have regular medical
incidence of second follow-up, including blood tests to
primary tumors with monitor the drug's effects.
radiation - Do proper documentation.
Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source:
Karch, Amy: 2009 Karch, Amy: 2009 Karch, Amy: 2009 Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Karch, Amy: 2009 Karch, Amy: 2009 Lippincott’s Karch, Amy: 2009 Lippincott’s Karch, Amy: 2009 Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide,
Lippincott’s Nursing Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide, pp. 341-342 Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Nursing Drug Guide, pp. 341-342 Nursing Drug Guide, p. 342 pp. 342-343
Drug Guide, p. 341- Guide, p. 341 Guide, pp. 341
342