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Oil Refining Process and Product Yields

Pre-heated crude oil is fractionated in a distillation tower to produce naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuel, and gas oil. The crude is heated to 650°F and fed to a 29-tray tower with a partial condenser. Steam is injected at the bottom to facilitate separation. Fractionation yields are targeted for each product. Pumparounds circulate vapor and liquid within the tower to improve separation.

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18 views5 pages

Oil Refining Process and Product Yields

Pre-heated crude oil is fractionated in a distillation tower to produce naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuel, and gas oil. The crude is heated to 650°F and fed to a 29-tray tower with a partial condenser. Steam is injected at the bottom to facilitate separation. Fractionation yields are targeted for each product. Pumparounds circulate vapor and liquid within the tower to improve separation.

Uploaded by

msz_2003
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Oil refining example.

A pre-heated crude needs to be fractionate to produce the following product:



1. Naphtha: produced from top 3-phase condenser.
2. Kerosene: produced from reboiler side stripper.
3. Diesel fuel: produced from steam side stripper.
4. Gas oil: produced from steam side stripper.
5. Residue: produced from the bottom.

The feed conditions are:
Temp. = 450
o
f
Press. = 5.171 bar
Liq. Vol. flow rate = 100,000 bbl/day

The oil will be heated in the furnace to 650
o
f, and then feed to the tower that
have (29 tray + partial condenser).
The feed enter the tower at stage 28, and a steam stream enters at the bottom.





The oil has the following laboratory assay data:











TBP Distillation Assay
Liquid Volume Percent Distilled Temperature (
o
f) Molecular weight
0.0 80.0 68.0
10.0 255.0 119.0
20.0 349.0 150.0
30.0 430.0 182.0
40.0 527.0 225.0
50.0 635.0 282.0
60.0 751.0 350.0
70.0 915.0 456.0
80.0 1095.0 585.0
90.0 1277.0 713.0
98.0 1410.0 838.0

Light Ends Liquid Volume Percent
i-Butane 0.19
n-Butane 0.11
i-Pentane 0.37
n-Pentane 0.46

API Gravity Assay
Liq. Vol. % distilled API Gravity
13.0 63.28
33.0 54.86
57.0 45.91
74.0 38.21
91.0 26.01



Viscosity Assay
Liquid Volume
Percent Distilled
Viscosity (cP) 100
o
F Viscosity (cP) 210
o
F
10.0 0.20 0.10
30.0 0.75 0.30
50.0 4.20 0.80
70.0 39.00 7.50
90.0 600.00 122.30

Bulk Crude Properties
MW 300.00
API Gravity 48.75

And the other operation conditions are listed below:
Steam Streams Information

Temp. (
o
f)
Pressure (psia)
Mass flow
(lb/hr)
Bottom steam 375 150 7500
Diesel steam 300 50 3000
AGO steam 300 50 2500

Pump around specifications
Pump
around
Drawn
stage
Return
stage
Circulation
rate(bbl/day)
Duty
(BTU/hr)
PA_1 2 1 50,000 - 55e6
PA_2 17 16 30,000 -3.5e7
PA_3 22 21 30,000 -3.5e7





I In ni it ti ia al l e es st ti im ma at te ed d v va al lu ue es s

Temperature (
o
f)
Pressure (psia)
Condenser 100 19.7
Condenser press. drop - 9
Top stage 250 -
Bottom stage 700 32.7


Strippers Specifications
stripper Type Draw stage Return stage
Kerosene Reboiled 9 8
Diesel Steam 17 16
AGO steam 22 21

* The Kerosene reboiler duty = 7.5 x 10
6
BTU/hr.



The products requirement*:

1. Naphtha: 20,000 bbl/day
2. Kerosene: 13,000 bbl/day
3. Diesel fuel: 17,000 bbl/day
4. AGO: 5,000 bbl/day

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