KINGDOM WORKSHEET
Table 1: Kingdom Worksheet
Kingdom Cell Type Bacteria prokaryotic often present, contains peptidoglycan Archaea prokaryotic present, does not contain peptidoglycan Protista eukaryotic exists in some, composition will vary Fungi eukaryotic Plantae eukaryotic Animalia eukaryotic
Cell Wall
usually composed of chitin
composed of cellulose
none
Body Form
unicellular, some are colonial
unicellular, unicellular, some colonial, and some are colonial simple multicellular
most are multicellular
multicellular
multicellular
photosynthesis, chemosynthesis and absorption (beterotrophs)
heterotrophs (absorption)
some autotrophs, some heterotrophs (ingestion and absorption) and some both
heterotrophs (absorption or secrete enzymes that digest food outside of itself)
Nutrition
photosynthesis
ingestion
Nervous System
absent
absent
absent
absent
absent
absent
Reproduction
asexual
asexual
asexual and sexual
asexual and sexual
asexual and sexual
sexual
Locomotion
present in some
present in some
present in some
none
none
distinct at some point in the life cycle
bacteria, cyanobacteria
methanogens, extreme thermophiles, extreme halophiles (organisms that live in harsh environments such as salt lakes, hot springs and animal guts)
algae, protozoa
sponges, jellyfish, mosses, ferns, mushrooms, starfish, conifers, yeast, bread molds lobsters, flowering plants worms, birds, mammals
Examples
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KINGDOM WORKSHEET
Table 1: Kingdom Worksheet
Kingdom Cell Type Bacteria Archaea Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
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Examples
Locomotion
Reproduction
Nervous System
Nutrition
Body Form
Cell Wall
BIOLOGY 2201 CURRICULUM GUIDE
PLANTS WORKSHEET
Table 2: Plants Worksheet
Tracheophyta Characteristics Bryophyta Ferns and fern allies Gymnosperms Angiosperms
lack true roots, stems and leaves Vascular vs nonvascular structure small in size transport through diffusion no internal support
vascular tissue provides vascular tissue provides vascular tissue provides support and aids in support and aids in support and aids in transport transport transport possess true roots, stems possess true roots, stems possess true roots, stems and leaves and leaves and leaves
Dependency on water
yes, for movement of sperm
yes, for movement of sperm
no
no
Dominant generation
gametophyte
sporophyte
sporophyte
sporophyte
Reproduction
depends on water for movement of sperm to egg no protection of egg
depends on water for movement of sperm to egg no protection of egg
wind and insects are used to move sperm to egg seed is produced in a cone that is not covered by a fruit
wind and insects are used to move sperm to egg seed is produced in a flower that is covered by a fruit
Examples
mosses, liverworts and hornworts
ferns, whisk ferns, club mosses, horsetails
evergreens/conifers
deciduous trees, heaths, roses, peas, magnolias, dandelions
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PLANTS WORKSHEET
Table 2: Plants Worksheet
Tracheophyta Characteristics Bryophyta Ferns and fern allies Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Vascular vs nonvascular
Dependency on water
Dominant generation
Reproduction
Examples
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BIOLOGY 2201 CURRICULUM GUIDE
Table 3: Invertebrate Worksheet
Characteristic
Porifera
Cnidarians (coelenterata) Platyhelminthes Nematoda Annelida Mollusca Arthropoda
Echinodermata
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Symmetry radial
asymmetric
bilateral
bilateral
bilateral
bilateral
bilateral
pentamorous radial
Body Cavity (Coelom) none none present present present
none
present
present
Digestion
none
two way one opening
two way one opening
one way two openings
one way two openings
one way two openings
one way two openings
one way two openings
asexual and sexual
asexual and sexual sexual
asexual and sexual
sexual
sexual
sexual
sexual (some asexual)
Reproduction
external fertilization
external fertilization
internal fertilization
internal fertilization
internal fertilization
external and internal fertilization
internal fertilization
external fertilization
hermaphrodites
hermaphrodites and separate sexes
hermaphrodites and separate sexes
separate sexes and few hermaphrodites
hermaphrodites and separate sexes
hermaphrodites and separate sexes
separate sexes and few hermaphrodites
separate sexes and few hermaphrodites
Examples
sponges
jellyfish, hydra, coral
planaria, tapeworm, blood flukes
hookworm, pinworm
earthworm, leech
clams, squid, snails
spiders, insects, lobster
starfish, sea urchin, sand dollar
INVERTEBRATE WORKSHEET
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Table 3: Invertebrate Worksheet
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Characteristic
Porifera
Cnidarians (coelenterata) Platyhelminthes Nematoda Annelida Mollusca Arthropoda
Echinodermata
INVERTEBRATE WORKSHEET
Symmetry
Body Cavity (Coelom)
Digestion
Reproduction
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Examples
Table 4: Vertebrate Worksheet
Subphylum Gnathostomata
BIOLOGY 2201 CURRICULUM GUIDE
Characteristic
Subphylum Agnatha (Jawless Fish) Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fish) Class Reptilia (Reptiles) Class Aves (Birds) Class Amphibia (Amphibians)
Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilagenous Fish)
Class Mammalia (Mammals)
Endoskeleton
cartilage (no jaw) cartilage
cartilage and bone
cartilage and bone
cartilage and bone
cartilage and bone
cartilage and bone
Respiratory no operculum no operculum covered by operculum
multiple gill openings
multiple gill openings
one gill opening gills, skin, lungs (low surface area)
lungs (moderate surface area)
lungs (air sacs, high surface area)
lungs (high surface area)
Circulatory
two chambered heart two chambered heart
two chambered heart
three chambered heart
three chambered heart (incomplete septum for fourth chamber)
four chambered heart
four chambered heart
Reproduction
external fertilization and development
external fertilization (internal for sharks) and development
external fertilization and development
external fertilization and development
internal fertilization and external development
internal fertilization and external development
internal fertilization and internal development
DIGESTION WORKSHEET
Examples
lamprey, hagfish
sharks, skates, rays
trout, cod, salmon
frogs, salamanders
snakes, turtles
birds
humans, whales
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Table 4: Vertebrate Worksheet
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Subphylum Gnathostomata
INVERTEBRATE WORKSHEET
Characteristic
Subphylum Agnatha (Jawless Fish) Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fish) Class Reptilia (Reptiles) Class Amphibia (Amphibians)
Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilagenous Fish)
Class Aves (Birds)
Class Mammalia (Mammals)
Endoskeleton
Respiratory
Circulatory
Reproduction
BIOLOGY 2201 CURRICULUM GUIDE
Examples
DIGESTION WORKSHEET
Table 5: Digestion Worksheet
Organ Associated Glands Chemical Digestion (Enzyme Action) Mechanical Digestion Other Secretions
Mouth
salivary glands
salivary amylase breaks starch into maltose
teeth and tongue
sodium bicarbonate, mucin and water
HCI kills bacteria, breaks down cellulose, lowers pH for pepsin Stomach gastric glands and pyloric glands pepsin breaks proteins into shorter polypeptides peristalsis 3 times a minute water mucus protects stomach gastrin is a hormone that controls the release of gastric juice
liver and gall bladder
none
proteases (trypsin and chymotrypsin) further break down polypeptides from the stomach into shorter polypeptides erepsins break down simple polypeptides into amino acids lipase breaks down fats into fatty acid and glycerol Small Intestine pancreatic amylase breaks down starch into maltose peptidases break simpler polypeptides into amino acids lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol intestinal glands maltase breaks maltose into simple sugars, sucrase breaks sucrose into simple sugars and lactase breaks lactose into simple sugars none, any muscular action is for the movement of food water is reabsorbed peristalsis occurs regularly to mix food and enzymes and so push food against the intestinal wall for absorption bile emulsifes lipids and neutralizes chyme sodium bicarbonate neutralizes chyme mucus lubricates food mass and protects the digestive tube from enzymes
pancreas
Large Intestine
mucus glands
none
mucus to lubricate passageway
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DIGESTION WORKSHEET
Table 5: Digestion Worksheet
Organ Associated Glands Chemical Digestion (Enzyme Action) Mechanical Digestion Other Secretions
Mouth
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
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